Paper 1.

2
Financial
Information for
Management
PART 1

FRIDAY 9 JUNE 2006

QUESTION PAPER

Time allowed 3 hours

This paper is divided into two sections

Section A ALL 25 questions are compulsory and MUST be

answered

Section B ALL FIVE questions are compulsory and MUST be

answered

Formulae Sheet is on page 13

Do not open this paper until instructed by the supervisor

This question paper must not be removed from the examination

hall

The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants

Section A – ALL 25 questions are compulsory and MUST be attempted.
Please use the Candidate Registration Sheet provided to indicate your chosen answer to each multiple choice question.
Each question within this section is worth 2 marks.

1 A supplier of telephone services charges a fixed line rental per period. The first 10 hours of telephone calls by the
customer are free, after that all calls are charged at a constant rate per minute up to a maximum, thereafter all calls
in the period are again free.
Which of the following graphs depicts the total cost to the customer of the telephone services in a period?
AA BB
£ £

0 Hours 0 Hours

CC DD
£ £

0 Hours 0 Hours

2 Four vertical lines have been labelled P, Q, R and S at different levels of activity on the following profit-volume chart:
£

0 Output

Q R

Which line represents the total contribution at that level of activity?

A Line P
B Line Q
C Line R
D Line S

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3 A company manufactures a single product which it sells for £15 per unit. The product has a contribution to sales ratio
of 40%. The company’s weekly break-even point is sales of £18,000.
What would be the profit in a week when 1,500 units are sold?
A £900
B £1,800
C £2,700
D £4,500

4 The following production and total cost information relates to a single product organisation for the last three months:
Month Production Total cost
units £
1 1,200 66,600
2 1,900 58,200
3 1,400 68,200
The variable cost per unit is constant up to a production level of 2,000 units per month but a step up of £6,000 in
the monthly total fixed cost occurs when production reaches 1,100 units per month.
What is the total cost for a month when 1,000 units are produced?
A £54,200
B £55,000
C £59,000
D £60,200

5 Which of the following is NOT a feasible value for the correlation coefficient?
A + 1·2
B + 0·6
C +0
D – 0·6

6 The following statements relate to responsibility centres:

(i) Return on capital employed is a suitable measure of performance in both profit and investment centres.
(ii) Cost centres are found in manufacturing organisations but not in service organisations.
(iii) The manager of a revenue centre is responsible for both sales and costs in a part of an organisation.
Which of the statements, if any, is true?
A (i) only
B (ii) only
C (iii) only
D None of them

7 The purchase price of a stock item is £25 per unit. In each three month period the usage of the item is 20,000 units.
The annual holding costs associated with one unit equate to 6% of its purchase price. The cost of placing an order
for the item is £20.
What is the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) for the stock item to the nearest whole unit?
A 1,730
B 1,894
C 1,461
D 1,633

3 [P.T.O.
8 A company determines its order quantity for a raw material using the EOQ model.
What would be the effects on the EOQ and on the total annual stockholding cost of a decrease in the cost of
placing an order for the raw material?
EOQ Total annual
stockholding cost
A Increase No effect
B Decrease No effect
C Increase Increase
D Decrease Decrease

9 A company uses standard absorption costing. The following data relate to last month:
Budget Actual
Sales and production (units) 1,000 900
Standard Actual
£ £
Selling price per unit 50 52
Total production cost per unit 39 40
What was the adverse sales volume profit variance last month?
A £1,000
B £1,100
C £1,200
D £1,300

10 A company operates a standard marginal costing system. Last month actual fixed overhead expenditure was 2%
below budget and the fixed overhead expenditure variance was £1,250.
What was the actual fixed overhead expenditure for last month?
A £61,250
B £62,475
C £62,500
D £63,750

11 An organisation’s stock records show the following transactions for a specific item during last month:
Date Receipts Issues
units units
4th 50
13th 200
20th 50
27th 50
The stock at the beginning of last month consisted of 100 units valued at £6,700.
The receipts last month cost £62 per unit.
The value of the closing stock for last month has been calculated twice – once using a FIFO valuation and once using
a LIFO valuation.
Which of the following statements about the valuation of closing stock for last month is correct?
A The FIFO valuation is higher than the LIFO valuation by £250.
B The LIFO valuation is higher than the FIFO valuation by £250.
C The FIFO valuation is higher than the LIFO valuation by £500.
D The LIFO valuation is higher than the FIFO valuation by £500.

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12 A company uses absorption costing with a predetermined hourly overhead absorption rate. The following situations
arose last month:
(i) Actual hours worked exceeded planned hours.
(ii) Actual overhead expenditure exceeded planned expenditure.
Which of the following statements is correct?
A Situation (i) would cause overheads to be over absorbed and situation (ii) would cause overheads to be under
absorbed.
B Situation (i) would cause overheads to be under absorbed and situation (ii) would cause overheads to be over
absorbed.
C Both situations would cause overheads to be over absorbed.
D Both situations would cause overheads to be under absorbed.

13 A factory consists of two production cost centres (G and H) and two service cost centres (J and K). The total overheads
allocated and apportioned to each centre are as follows:
G H J K
£40,000 £50,000 £30,000 £18,000
The work done by the service cost centres can be represented as follows:
G H J K
Percentage of service cost centre J to 30% 70% – –
Percentage of service cost centre K to 50% 40% 10% –
The company apportions service cost centre costs to production cost centres using a method that fully recognises any
work done by one service cost centre for another.
What are the total overheads for production cost centre G after the reapportionment of all service cost centre
costs?
A £58,000
B £58,540
C £59,000
D £59,540

14 The following statements refer to strategic planning:

(i) It is concerned with quantifiable and qualitative matters.
(ii) It is mainly undertaken by middle management in an organisation.
(iii) It is concerned predominantly with the long term.
Which of the statements are correct?
A (i) and (ii) only
B (i) and (iii) only
C (ii) and (iii) only
D (i), (ii) and (iii)

15 The following statements refer to situations occurring in Process Q of an organisation which operates a series of
consecutive processes:
(i) Direct labour is working at below the agreed productivity level.
(ii) A machine breakdown has occurred.
(iii) Direct labour is waiting for work to be completed in a previous process.
Which of these situations could give rise to idle time?
A (i) and (ii) only
B (i) and (iii) only
C (ii) and (iii) only
D (i), (ii) and (iii)

5 [P.T.O.
16 The following terms relate to computers:
(i) Spreadsheets
(ii) Floppy disks
(iii) Operating systems
Which of these terms are examples of computer software?
A (i) and (ii) only
B (i) and (iii) only
C (ii) and (iii) only
D (i), (ii) and (iii)

17 A company operates a job costing system. Job number 506 requires £64 of direct materials and 7 hours of direct
labour. Direct labour is paid £8 per hour. Production overheads are absorbed at the rate of £20 per direct labour hour
and non-production overheads at a rate of 60% of prime cost.
What is the total cost of job number 506?
A £332
B £352
C £416
D £448

18 All of a company’s skilled labour, which is paid £8 per hour, is fully employed manufacturing a product to which the
following data refer:
£ per unit £ per unit
Selling price 60
Less Variable costs:
Less Skilled labour 20
Less Others 15
–––
(35)
–––
Contribution 25
–––
The company is evaluating a contract which requires 90 skilled labour hours to complete. No other supplies of skilled
labour are available.
What is the total relevant skilled labour cost of the contract?
A £720
B £900
C £1,620
D £2,160

19 A company requires 600 kg of raw material Z for a contract it is evaluating. It has 400 kg of material Z in stock which
were purchased last month. Since then the purchase price of material Z has risen by 8% to £27 per kg. Raw material
Z is used regularly by the company in normal production.
What is the total relevant cost of raw material Z to the contract?
A £15,336
B £15,400
C £16,200
D £17,496

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The following information relates to questions 20 and 21:
A company operates a process costing system using the first-in-first-out (FIFO) method of valuation. No losses occur in the
process. All materials are input at the commencement of the process. Conversion costs are incurred evenly through the
process.
The following data relate to last period:
Units Degree of completion
Opening work in progress 12,000 60%
Total number of units completed 14,000
Closing work in progress 13,000 30%
£
Costs arising:
Materials 151,000
Conversion 193,170

20 What was the total number of units input during last period?
A 12,000
B 13,000
C 15,000
D 17,000

21 What was the value of the closing work in progress for last period?
A £21,330
B £21,690
C £22,530
D £22,890

22 A company is attempting to break into an existing market by launching a new product at an initially low selling price.
What pricing policy is the company following?
A Premium pricing
B Price skimming
C Price discrimination
D Penetration pricing

23 A company has established the following equations for one of its products:
Selling price (£ per unit) = 40 – 0·008Q
Marginal revenue (£ per unit) = 40 – 0·016Q
Total cost per week (£) = 2,500 + 8Q
Q in each case represents the number of units produced and sold per week.
At what selling price per unit will weekly profits be maximised?
A £8
B £16
C £24
D £32

7 [P.T.O.
The following information relates to questions 24 and 25:
A company which manufactures and sells two products (X and Y) aims to maximise its profits. It holds no stocks. Product
X makes a contribution per unit of £4 and product Y makes a contribution per unit of £1.
Next period the company faces three ‘less than’ production constraints and these are shown as the lines labelled (1), (2)
and (3) on the following graph:

Product Y
units 11
’000
10

9 (2)
(3)
8

H
7

J
5

2
K
(1)
1
L
Product X
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 units
’000

24 Which of the following points shown on the graph is optimal for next period?
A Point H
B Point J
C Point K
D Point L

25 Which of the following constraint formulations is represented by the line labelled (2) on the graph?
A 10X + 17Y ≤ 70,000
B 17X + 10Y ≤ 70,000
C 17X + 13Y ≤ 91,000
D 13X + 1 7Y ≤ 91,000

(50 marks)

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Section B – ALL FIVE questions are compulsory and MUST be attempted

1 Corcoran Ltd operates several manufacturing processes. In process G, joint products (P1 and P2) are created in the
ratio 5:3 by volume from the raw materials input. In this process a normal loss of 5% of the raw material input is
expected. Losses have a realisable value of £5 per litre. The company holds no work in progress. The joint costs are
apportioned to the joint products using the physical measure basis.
The following information relates to process G for last month:
Raw materials input 60,000 litres (at a cost of £381,000)
Abnormal gain 11,000 litres
Other costs incurred:
Direct labour £180,000
Direct expenses 1£54,000
Production overheads 110% of direct labour cost.
Required:
(a) Prepare the process G account for last month in which both the output volumes and values for each of the
joint products are shown separately. (7 marks)
The company can sell product P1 for £20 per litre at the end of process G. It is considering a proposal to further
process product P1 in process H in order to create product PP1. Process H has sufficient spare capacity to do this
work. The further processing in process H would cost £4 per litre input from process G. In process H there would
be a normal loss in volume of 10% of the input to that process. This loss has no realisable value. Product PP1 could
then be sold for £26 per litre.
(b) Determine, based on financial considerations only, whether product P1 should be further processed to create
product PP1. (3 marks)
(c) In the context of process G in Corcoran Ltd, explain the difference between ‘direct expenses’ and ‘production
overheads’. (2 marks)
(12 marks)

9 [P.T.O.
2 Buttercup Ltd manufactures and sells three products (R, S and T). These products are made using the same
machinery. The total machining time available each month is 10,500 hours but this is insufficient to produce all the
units of R, S and T required to meet maximum demands. No stocks of these products are held.
The following information is available:
Product R Product S Product T
Selling price per unit £60 £75 £84
Contribution to sales ratio 20% 24% 25%
Machining minutes per unit 40 54 75
Maximum monthly demand (units) 9,000 6,000 3,000
Required:
(a) Calculate the monthly shortfall in machining hours. (2 marks)
(b) Determine the monthly production plan in units that will maximise the company’s total contribution from
products R, S and T and calculate this total contribution. (6 marks)
(8 marks)

3 Deadeye Ltd operates a standard costing system in which all stocks are valued at standard cost. The standard direct
material cost of one unit of product MS is £36, made up of 4·8 kg of material H at £7·50 per kg. Material H is used
only in the manufacture of product MS.
The following information relates to last month:
Material H:
Purchased 40,000 kg for £294,000
Issued into production 36,500 kg
Finished output of MS 17,200 units
Required:
(a) Calculate the direct material price and usage variances for last month. (3 marks)
(b) Prepare a statement that reconciles the actual cost of material H purchased with the standard material cost
of actual production of MS for last month. The statement should incorporate the variances calculated in (a).
(3 marks)
(c) (i) Suggest ONE possible cause for EACH of the variances calculated in (a).
(ii) Who should the direct material price variance be reported to, and why? (4 marks)
(10 marks)

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4 The management accountant at Josephine Ltd is trying to predict the quarterly total maintenance cost for a group of
similar machines. She has extracted the following information for the last eight quarters:
Quarter number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Total maintenance
cost (£’000) 265 302 222 240 362 295 404 400
Production units
(‘000) 20 24 16 18 26 22 32 30
The effects of inflation have been eliminated from the above costs.
The management accountant is using linear regression to establish an equation of the form y = a + bx and has
produced the following preliminary calculations:
Σ (total maintenance cost x production units) = £61,250 million
Σ (total maintenance cost)2 = £809,598 million
Σ (production units)2 = 4,640 million
Required:
(a) Establish the equation which will allow the management accountant to predict quarterly total maintenance
costs for a given level of production. Interpret your answer in terms of fixed and variable maintenance costs.
(7 marks)
(b) Using the equation established in (a), predict the total maintenance cost for the next quarter when planned
production is 44,000 units. Suggest a major reservation, other than the effect of inflation, you would have
about this prediction. (3 marks)
(10 marks)

11 [P.T.O.
5 Pinafore Ltd manufactures and sells a single product. The budgeted profit statement for this month, which has been
prepared using marginal costing principles, is as follows:
£’000 £’000
Sales (24,000 units) 864
Less Variable production cost of sales:
Less Opening stock (3,000 units) 169
Less Production (22,000 units) 506
Less Closing stock (1,000 units) 1(23)
–––– (552)
––––
312
Less Variable selling cost 1(60)
––––
Contribution 252
Less Fixed overhead costs:
Less Production 125
Less Selling and administration 140
–––– (165)
––––
Net profit 187
––––
The normal monthly level of production is 25,000 units and stocks are valued at standard cost.
Required:
(a) Prepare in full a budgeted profit statement for this month using absorption costing principles. Assume that
fixed production overhead costs are absorbed using the normal level of activity. (6 marks)
(b) Prepare a statement that reconciles the net profit calculated in (a) with the net profit using marginal costing.
(2 marks)
(c) Which of the two costing principles (absorption or marginal) is more relevant for short-run decision-making,
and why? (2 marks)
(10 marks)

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 Formulae Sheet

End of Question Paper

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