Codification is the process of collecting and restating the law of a jurisdiction in certain areas, usually by

subject, forming a legal code.

Regarding Material Codification, if you go for internal codification, the duplicacy can be minimized .You
need to follow a systematic logic and discipline in codification. You can put all small value and non critical
items under one common code and use. This will greatly reduce no. of materials.

Now, the trend is to outsource Material codification. World renowned companies like shell, also outsourcers
for their codification.

In India, i know a company called Leonex Systems, Chennai.

Who are excellent in Material codification? This is an upcoming company in this field.

Various materials used as inputs, such as raw materials, consumables and spares, are required to be
purchased and made available to the shops as and when needed to ensure uninterrupted production. Push
and pull systems are the two important techniques used in materials management

Pull Systems
Pull systems are a group of techniques that aim to ensure that when stock is used, it is replenished. Most of
the “pull” techniques operate principally using visual controls rather than computer systems and are
therefore well aligned to “lean manufacturing”.

Replacement It replaces used items. This technique is commonly used for maintenance spares, grocery shelf
restocking, stationery and my partner’s re-supply of our bathroom consumables, and was probably used by
cave dwellers to replenish food stocks. This is also the underlying principle of “Kanban” systems

Vendor managed inventory It is now very common for suppliers to manage customer’s inventory by
managing the stock levels themselves as a value added service to customers. Usually this replacement is
based on simple top up to predetermined levels or by a Fax-Ban.

Top up point of use it is now very common for suppliers to manage customer’s inventory, replacing used
items by delivering directly to point of use, avoiding the stores management process as a value added
service to customers.

Input /Output control simply delivers inputs to a process what has been produced output. When applied to
Work in Process as a whole, this technique has come to be known as a “Conwip” (Constant WIP) Kanban
system.

2 bin systems there are 2 “bins” in the system

Bin 1 is in use in the shop.

Bin 2 is somewhere and is used to replace bin 1 when it is depleted.
Bin 1 is then refilled and held waiting for the depletion of the bin in use.
3 bin systems It operates in the same way as 2 bin systems except that a safety stock is stored separately in
the third bin. Breaking into the safety stock triggers an expedite request and a review of bin sizes.

Kanban systems they are an extension of 2 and 3 bin systems, where there is a semi-fixed number of
containers in the system, which may be spread throughout the system and which are replenished when
depleted.
Reorder point systems It is a sophisticated simple replenishment processes by taking into account the
variability of supply and demand ,lead-time to replenish, the reorder-point where allowing for the lead-time
and forecast demand they would be available before using the safety stock.

Push Systems

All time buy It is difficult to forecast all time requirements. However for items which are likely to be
difficult to acquire in the future and are of low value, this is still a widely used technique, particularly in the
aerospace and electronics industries.

Project manufacturing Very different in concept to MRP systems, and much better suited to small volume
production, or engineer to order environments, this system schedules both parts and processes. Bills of
material are created for each “chunk” of the project, and capacity planning includes engineering resource as
well as manufacturing resource.

Drum, buffer, rope The ‘Drum’ is the schedule for the bottleneck. The ‘Buffer’ is surplus stock put in front
of the bottleneck to make sure it never runs out. The Rope is the coupling mechanism for ensuring that
inputs do not exceed the bottleneck capacity, avoiding build-ups of unnecessary WIP. Drum, buffer, rope
can be implemented in its own right manually. In this case the Drum is an MPS for the system based on a
rough cut capacity plan for the bottlenecks.

Example:

In the United States, acts of Congress, such as federal statutes, are published chronologically in the order in
which they become law — often by being signed by the President, on an individual basis in official
pamphlets called "slip laws," and are grouped together in official bound book form, also chronologically, as
"session laws." The "session law" publication for Federal statutes is called the United States Statutes at
Large. Any given act may be only one page, or hundreds of pages, in length. An act may be classified as
either a "Public Law" or a "Private Law."

Because each Congressional act may contain laws on a variety of topics, many acts, or portions thereof are
also rearranged and published in a topical, subject matter codification. The official codification of Federal
statutes is called the United States Code. Generally, only "Public Laws" are codified. The United States
Code is divided into "titles" (based on overall topics) numbered 1 through 50. Title 18, for example,
contains many of the Federal criminal statutes. Title 26 is the Internal Revenue Code.

Even in code form, however, many statutes by their nature pertain to more than one topic. For example, the
statute making tax evasion a felony pertains to both criminal law and tax law, but is found only in the
Internal Revenue Code. Other statutes pertaining to taxation are found not in the Internal Revenue Code but
instead, for example, in the Bankruptcy Code in Title 11 of the United States Code, or the Judiciary Code in
Title 28.

Further, portions of some Congressional acts, such as the provisions for the effective dates of amendments
to codified laws, are themselves not codified at all. These statutes may be found by referring to the acts as
published in "slip law" and "session law" form. However, commercial publications that specialize in legal
materials often arrange and print the uncodified statutes with the codes to which they pertain.

In the United States, the individual states, either officially or through private commercial publishers,
generally follow the same three-part model for the publication of their own statutes: slip law, session law,
and codification.