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VEDIC MATHEMATICS
AND CALCULATION
TECHNIQUES
2
INDEX
1. MULTIPLICATION THROUGH BASE METHOD ....................................................................................................... 3
Base not equal to hundred ...................................................................................................................................... 4
When numbers are of the form 34 × 36, 71 × 79, 112 × 118................................................................................... 4
When numbers are of the form 35 × 45, 55 × 65, 115 × 165................................................................................... 4
2. GENERAL MULTIPLICATION( CRISS-CROSS METHOD) ............................................................................................. 5
3. SQUARING ................................................................................................................................................................ 6
4. CUBING..................................................................................................................................................................... 7
5. MULTIPLICATION BY 11 ........................................................................................................................................... 7
6. MULTIPLICATION BY 12............................................................................................................................................ 8
7. DIVISION BY 9 ........................................................................................................................................................... 8
3
This method is applicable only when the numbers are close to a base like 10, 100, 1000 or so on.
105 × 107
1 0 5| +5
1 0 7| +7
(107+5)
Now consider
112 × 113
1 1 2 | + 12
1 1 3 | + 13
NOTE : The number of digits allowed on the right hand side of the slash would be equal to th number
of zeroes in the base.
For eg. : 102 × 1-4 will result in 10608 and not 1068!
Consider 92 × 97
9 2 | - 8
9 7 | - 3
Consider 96 × 108
9 6| - 4
1 0 8 | +8
Borrowing one from the left part i.e. hundredth place is equivalent
to 100
2 0 9| +9
2 1 1 | + 11
Consider
Consider 34 × 36
3 4| +4
3 6| +6
1. Unit digit is 5.
2. Rest of the digits are consecutive nos.
b. Left part of the product : Subtract one from the square of the larger number.
Note : Base method doesn not work when numbers to be muktiplied are far apart.
7 6
× 4 2
Step 1 : Multiply the unit place digits. Therefore, 6 × 2 = 12. Here put 2 at the unit place of the answer
and 1 is carried over.
7 6
× 4 2
12
7 6
4 2
7 × 2 + 6 × 4 = 38
7 6
× 4 2
38 12
7 6
× 4 2
Consider
5 2
× 3 7
243 × 658
Step 1 : 8 × 3 = 24
Step 2 :
4 3
5 8 = 4 × 8 + 5 × 3 = 47
Step 3:
2 4 3
6 5 8
Step 4:
2 4
6 5
2 × 5 + 6 × 4 = 34
Step 5 : 2 × 6 =12
Note : Place 0 if all columns aren’t filled with digits. Eg : 723 × 34 is nothing but 723 × 034.
3. SQUARING
When the number is close to 10n
Right hand part will consist of n digits. Add leading zeros or carry forward the extra to satisfy this
condition.
Right hand part will consist of 2 digits. Add leading zeros or carry forward the extra to satisfy this
condition.
4. CUBING
We cna find the cube of any number is close to a power of 10, say 10n.
Right hand part will consist of n digits. Add leading zeros or carry forward the extra to satisfy this
condition.
5. MULTIPLICATION BY 11
Consider 12 x 11
1 2
1+2=3
Now consider, 48 X 11
8
4 + 8 = 12
4|12|8 = 528
MULTIPLICATION BY 12
Consider 7 x 12
So, 7 x 10 = 70
7 x 2 = 14
Answer = 70 + 14 = 84
Consider 17 x 12
6. DIVISION BY 9
Consider 23/9
2 remainder (2 + 3)
i.e. 2 remainder 5
Similarly