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APOLLO i o BRIEFING
PARTICIPANTS:
Be gin w i t h Q U b
~ riefing, P would l i k e
a couple of announcements,
F i r s t , there w i l l be p r i n t e d t r a n s c r i p t s provided
of t h e b r i e f i n g , If you are i n t e r e s t e d i n r e c e i v i n g one of
these t r a n a c r i p t s , please address a government envelope w i t h
your own address. You w i l l f i n d t h e envelopes i n t h e lobby.
The second announcement is t h a t a b r i e f i n g on t h e
NASA p o r t i o n of P r e s i d e n t Nixon*s amended f i s c a l 1970 Budget
w i l l be h e l d tomorrow, Tuesday, A p r i l 15, a t 5:OO p.m.,
E a s t e r n Standard Time, a t t h e NASA Headquarters Auditorium,
s i x t h floor, FOB 6, 400 Maryland Avenue, Southwest.
George .
HAGE: Thank you,
the 2nd of
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(Slide)
T h i s is t h e n a c o n f i g u r a t i o n of t h e t w o spacecraft
i n t h e dock C o n f i g u r a t i o n throughout t h e t r a n s l u n a r phase of
t h e mission.
Next s l i d e , please,
(Slide)
Next s l i d e , please.
(Slide)
The t i m e v a r i a t i o n t h a t we a n t i c i p a t e as a f u n c t i o n
of launch day and t h e t i m e i n t h e window when w e launch,
t h i s being the beginnin on a p a r t i c u l a r day and t h i s t h e
end ( i n d i c a t i n g ) , v a r i e s from a minimum of 7 5 . 2 hours t o
69.3 hours on t h e Past day of the window,
T h a t d i f f e r e n c e is l a r g e l y a r e s u l t of the fact
t h a t t h e moonws o r b i t around t h e earth is not c i r c u l a r but
e l l i p t i c a l , and therefore the, d i s t a n c e is a v a r i a b l e depend-
i n g on t h e d a y of t e m o n ~ hthat we launch.
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(Slide)
DO1 is t h e d e s c e n t o r b i t i n s e r t i o n t h a t t h e l u n a r
module makes i n its move down towards t h e 50,000-foot a l t i t u d e .
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We have t r a n s p o s e d t h a t w i t h t h i s block of t i m e on
the F mission ( i n d i c a t i n g ) and w i l l use t h i s t o provide addi-
tional photography and landmark t r a c k i n g of c e r t a i n selected
key landmarks on t h e l u n a r s u r f a c e .
(Slide)
a t l u n a r d i s t a n c e d u r i n g t h i s mission s i m i l a r t o those w e
w i l l a c t u a l l y be performing on l u n a r l a n d i n g m i s s i o n next t i m e .
10
Let m e e x p l a i n a l i t t l e b i t t h e s l i d e before w e
a l s o get i n t o d i s c u s s i n g maneuvers themselves,
The scale, of c o u r s e , is n o t q u i t e t r u e , i n t h a t t h e
o r b i t s are shown q u i t e a b i t h i g h e r or larger w i t h respect t o
t h e size of t h e moon.
'4 :
And after % h i small burn, t h e t w o v e h i c l e s w i l l
separate, and as t h e l u n a r module d r i f t s up and behind t h e
command and service d u l e , c e r t a i n checks w i l l be made t o
be s u r e w e want t o proceed,
Next s l i d e , please,
(Slide)
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Alar to t h e way it
g mission, but
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we haven ' t
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e its v e r t i c a l
e r t i c a l , and
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sformed w i t h the
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i n c r e a s e vePoei synthion d i s t a n c e
specifically w i t f b c r e a s i n g the period
of t h e orbi-t so in f r o n t of and
below t h e CS nd and below t h e
CSY . i
n system is again
throttled It 26 seconds,
and then. t ixed throttle
which is a e remainder of
the B u m ,
194 nautical
the command
module will
cast off and
ill
this
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T h i s burn w i l l be performed by t h e a s c e n t p r o p u l s i o n
system which is an u n t h r o t t l e a b l e engine, 213 foot per second
s u b t r a c t i o n of v e l o c i t y .
(Slide)
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one p l a n e t o ano%he g through t h e
point along the l i n e planes coincide.
So i n order t o force
constant differentPal
s o m e value, t o force
nd and s e r v i c e
Okay. We c
(Slide)
W e w i l l discuss t t d i f f e r e n t i a l height
burn. And t h i s is ~ o ~ i ~ s i xa feet ~ per ~ second and
a g a i n performed by t h e l u n a r le r e a c t i o n c o n t r o l system.
And t h i s c a n provide any nge a g a i n r e q u i r e d t o
e n s u r e t h a t t h e f i n a l re aneuvers are co-planer --
t h a t is, t h e two v e h i c l e s are in t h e same p l a n e -- and also
for any h e i g h t adjustment r e q u i r e d ,
elide and as w e
Our e l e v a t i o n a n g l e
from t h e l u n a r modu and s e r v i c e module
is about 26 degrees, 8 burn e s s e n t i a l l y
a l o n g t h a t l i n e af raise t h e height
of t h e l u n a r module nar s u r f s e e to 60
m i l e s , which will let t h e o r b i t of t h e
f three braking
maneuvers almost d at this
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(Slide)
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T h a t ' s about all E
maneuverse Mr, Hage w i l
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Subsequent t o comp t h e ascent burn
and t h e LM a s c e n t
o r b i t s doing landmark s i g h ~ i n g ~ cribe what t h a t is.
Next s l i d e , please,
(Slide)
With t h a t
f l i g h t Network track h a t t h e o r b i t of
t h e command and serv specific pass
o v e r a landmark, i t is 9 y conventional
s u r v e y i n g t r i g o n o ~ et o~ ~ ~
and t h e l a t i t u d e and Ion i c landmark.
A s I mentione several o r b i t s
conducting those kind o ted by addi-
tional ~ h ~ t o g r a p ~ ~ *
-17a-
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Now, t h e t r a n s e a r t h i n j e c t i o n is very s i m i l a r t o
t h a t t h a t we had o n Apollo 8 , Our t i m e i n o r b i t is about
double what we had on Apollo 8 . W e are t a r g e t i n g f o r t h e
same g e n e r a l l a n d i n g area 165 degrees west l o n g i t u d e , which
is an area w e s t and s o u t h of H a w a i i .
We are n o t a t t e m p t i n g t o c o n t r o l t h e l a t i t u d e as
we d i d n o t on p r e v i o u s f l i g h t s ,
Our normal e n t r y a n g l e is as shown, and I w i l l d i s -
c u s s t h a t i n a l i t t l e more d e t a i l ,
We w i l l u s e whatever r e s i d u a l p r o p u l s i v e capacity
we have i n t h e s e r v i c e module t o reduce t h e r e t u r n t i m e
from t h e moon.
Next s l i d e , please.
(Slide)
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(Slide)
Next s l i d e , please.
(Slide)
The e n t r y is t y p i c a l of t h a t t h a t we demonstrated
on Apollo 8 , We have c a p a b i l i t y f o r a very large r e e n t r y
maneuver f o o t p r i n t , 1,200 t o 2,500 n a u t i c a l m i l e s . W e w i l l
nominally target f o r 1,350.
Next s l i d e , please,
(Slide)
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(Slide)
Next s l i d e , please.
(Slide)
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Next s l i d e , please,
(Slide)
T h i s mission, l i k e a l l p r e v i o u s m i s s i o n s , has i n -
volved a number of a l t e r n a t e mission classes t h a t we are
prepared t o f l y i n t h e e v e n t of d i f f i c u l t y . There are f o u r
g e n e r i c ones on t h i s mission.
We might f i n d o u r s e l v e s w i t h a t r a n s l u n a r i n j e c t i o n
burn on t h e part of t h e S-IVB t h a t either l e a v e s us i n a
semi-synchronous earth o r b i t , which is very high apogee o r b i t ,
o r one t h a t is capable af t a k i n g circumlunar when w e use
t h e s u r f a c e p r o p u l s i o n engine t o p u t t h e l i t t l e b i t of e x t r a
energy r e q u i r e d t o get u s o u t to t h e moon.
Obviously, t h e u l t i m a t e s i t u a t i o n is l u n a r o r b i t
option.
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Next s l i d e , please,
(Slide)
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about a 59-50
the pictures and white.
T h i s g i v e s you a s ~ o r t on t h e periods
d u r i n g t h e mission when we would g various kinds of
t e l e v i s i o n coverage e
a c t u a l l y now p ~ ~ ~ ~ e ~ ,
periods of
Next s l i d e , please.
(Slide
(Slide)
a geometry
e ~ ~ a v ~ l l i n g
he period of
t i m e that t e v i c i n i t y of t h e
e n t s on the mission
session t o
25
he Apollo fac
and t h e p h i l o
very obvious one, i n t h a t w e found
is t h e wrong number in
rogrant had t h e m i s f o r t u n e t o be faced
pad, Then there would
ne pad back up t o an
on t h a t a l i t t l e b i t . The
n ~ u ~ ~ n i tn esuch d a way that
operation f l y i n g through t h a t
l o n e 1 McMuI ten
radar of about
would be used
se on the sur-
to something
n augmented t o provide
g radar before we
t h e G mission.
that h e r e , The
i t y in July Is an the 16th, and t h a t is for
that chart of the
at t h a t target will be
and t h a t target is
erlymost limb. If you
ut 30 degrees around.
(Slide)
28
HAW:. Right.
Now, t h e d i s t a n c e ahead of t h e l a n d i n g s i t e I
t h i n k is around 237 m i l e s , something l i k e t h a t .
atdon i n having t h e
50,000 feet?
i n g to d o on t h e
lunar landing decide on t h a t on
t h e lunar Ian
8 good compromise
for mini eight above t h e
surface to 2bGC rol ~ ~ ~ e ~ ~ ~ i n ~ i e
s of engineering
w e have i n
t h e t i m e you
syst e m .
QUESTION : t h e eomnland module
w i l l be t h e active vehicle ng d o c k ~ ~isg this
~ the result
of t h e d i f f i c u l t y t h e l u n a r e r bad with being
the active part in the do ?
(Slide)
32
QUESTION: At t h i s p o i n t , on t h a t e l
maneuver, i f you have a spacecraft s t a r t i n g of
p o i n t on t h e s u r f a c e of t h e moon i n motion and i f YOU were
s i t t i n g o n t h e moon and c o u l d n ' t.. , (Inaudible), , ,
T h e r e w e r e a number of o p t i o n s , l i k e w a i t i n g f o r t h e command
module t o go around a g a i n , and a number of other t h i n g s ,
QUESTION: Yes.
So no s i n g l e p r o p u l s i o n s y s t e m f a i l u r e would p r e s e n t
a c r e w hazard, s i n c e t h e r e is a l w a y s an alternate o p t i o n way
of g e t t i n g t h e two v e h i c l e s together.
(Slide)
QUESTION: A s i m p l e q u e s t i o n . W e d i d n o t have
t h e b e n e f i t of t h e slides t h a t you had i n Washington. W i l l
you g i v e u s throughout t h e e n t i r e m i s s i o n t h e GET t i m e f o r
major o p e r a t i o n s ? Would you give u s t h e specific launch
d a y s and t h e specific timea of t h e windows for each day?
Would you g i v e us t h e GET t i m e s f o r t h e Ty?
HAGE: No, t h e p r o v i s i o n s f o r t h e TV s y s t e m
don't e x i s t i n t h e l u n a r module, The a c t i v i t i e s t h a t t h e
crew w i l l be involved i n d u r i n g t h a t phase of t h e mission
are so demanding t h a t we j u s t d i d n ' t make p r o v i s i o n for it.
McMULLEN: T h e r e w i l l be a t o t a l of f i v e LM burns
t h a t are out of s i g h t , of Manned Spaceflight Network and a
t o t a l of f i v e t h a t w e w i l l be able to see from earth, so f i v e
we cannot and f i v e we can.
age could g i v e us
a progress TV camera that
fc t h a t we w i l l have
l a s t validation test
which w i l l give during countdown
demonstratfon w t h e whole s y s t e m ,
i n c l u d i n g t h e grou nies through t h e
network to
. i t c h t o Houston now.
a l t e r n a t e missions, f o r
is it impossible in
raetice operations?
It might be
quite rest don't want to get t h e
here we can't
7
esrcised t h e
antage of LM o p e r a t i o n s ,
t h e Apollo 8 margins
t h a t we d i d n ' t
pol10 10 are also
cause we are n o t
So i n f e q u a t e Apollo 8
command service module margins as
equal level,
ill be o p e r a t i n g at
t h e same cons w i l l be o p e r a t i n g
Apollo 11 at. believe t h e lowest
one we ha of 10 per c e n t of t h e
total, but I It's in that general
v i c i n i t y , We nned i n t o the CSM for
t h e landing ~ p ~ c~o n d~i t i o tn s e
~ those
w i t h t h e Apo
iscuss in a l i t t l e
ade t o t h e l a n d i n g
n t weigh?Are
you confiden translatable
st program €or t h e
u n i t is 8C
i f f e s of t h e changes
e on t h e test
l a n d i n g radar
s of e q u i v a l e n t
landing radar f l y i n g
of ranges t h a t i t
y t h i n g t h a t is
airnst t h e earth
PY t would give
U %
38
l u n a r s u r f a c e t h a t m i g h t be d i f f e r e n t t h a n w e a n t i c i p a t e ,
we have added e s s e n t i a l l y e l e c t r i c a l pickoffs f r o m t h e four
beams of t h e radar that are f e d o u t on t e l e m e t r y s y s t e m s ,
and w e w i l l read t h e s i g n a t u r e t h a t comes back from t h o s e
four’beams and u s e i t a,s a means of c o r r e l a t i n g w i t h what
w e have g o t t e n from our a i r c r a f t tests.
Back here,
MCMU w i l l wind up w i t h e s s e n t i a l l y
t h e same f i g h t i t w i l l be o c c u r r i n g i n
e s s e n t i a l l y the-- 11 wind up w i t h i n p o s i t i o n s t o g i v e
u s a rendezvous e s s e n t i a l l y above t h e same p o i n t s on t h e l u n a r
s u r f a c e , so e6 entiakllly the phasing burn coupled w i t h t h e
i n s e r t i o n burn-- A t t h e completion of t h e i n s e r t i o n burn w e
should have c o n d i t i o n s t a t are i d e n t i c a l t o what w e w i l l be
s e e i n g on t h e l u n a r Banding mission a t t h e completion of t h e
launch and i n s e r t i o n i n t o o r b i t from t h e l u n a r s u r f a c e .
~ ~ X S ~You ~ mentioned
Q ~ : t h e p o s s i b i l i t y of the
command module going t o rendezvous w i t h t h e l u n a r module.
Does t h i s i n any way compromise your a b i l i t y t o l e a v e t h e
l u n a r , g e t the command back?