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Name ______________________________________________________________ Date ______________________

Glossary PROLOGUE The Rise of Democratic Ideas

absolute monarchy Monarchy in
which a king or queen has absolute
power
apostle One of the earliest
missionaries of Christ
assemble Come together as a group
assembly Government body
city-state Self-governing state
made up of a city and surrounding
territories
consent Give permission
dictator Leader who has absolute
power
ethics Set of values
interpret Explain the meaning of
morality Rules of right and wrong
natural laws Patterns and
explanations of the world
discovered through reason and
intelligence
oppressed Burdened by an unjust
exercise of power
philosophers Thinkers
principles Fundamental truths
radical Favoring extreme or rapid
changes
statesman Wise and experienced
political leader
submit Yield to the authority of
another
tolerance Willingness to let other
people hold opinions that are
different from one’s own
traditional Something that is
passed down from generation to
generation

AFTER YOU READ

Terms and Names

A. Circle the name or term that best completes each sentence.

1. Pericles introduced the idea of _____________, in which citizens participate directly in government.
direct democracy representative democracy constitutional monarchy

2. Rome was a _______________, a form of government in which citizens have the right to vote and to
select their leaders.
constitutional monarchy republic monarchy

3. The _______________ was the written code of law of the Jews.

Twelve Tables Magna Carta Ten Commandments

4. During the _______________, Europeans became interested in life on earth and focused on the
© McDougal Littell Inc. All rights reserved.

importance of the individual.

Reformation Renaissance Glorious Revolution

5. Beginning in the 17th century, some European monarchs claimed more authority through their
_______________.
divine right due process of law natural rights

6. The Constitution of the United States established a _______________, in which citizens elect
representatives to make laws for them.
direct democracy constitutional monarchy representative government

PROLOGUE THE RISE OF DEMOCRATIC IDEAS 13

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Name ______________________________________________________________ Date ______________________

AFTER YOU READ (continued) PROLOGUE The Rise of Democratic Ideas

B. Write the letter of the name or term next to the statement that describes it best.

a. Parliament ____1. The idea that people can govern themselves

b. aristocracy ____2. A state ruled by the noble class
c. federal system ____3. Religion developed by the Hebrews
d. Enlightenment ____4. A protest movement against the power of the Roman Catholic
Church
e. Judaism
____5. The right to have the law work in known, orderly ways
f. due process of law
____6. The lawmaking body of England
g. democracy
____7. An intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th centuries
h. Reformation
____8. System of government in which powers are divided between the
i. Renaissance federal government and the state governments

Main Ideas
1. How was democracy limited in Athens?

2. How did Roman laws influence democracy?

3. How did the beliefs of Judaism emphasize the worth of the individual?

© McDougal Littell Inc. All rights reserved.

4. What rights did the Magna Carta protect?

5. What did John Locke believe was the purpose of governments?

Thinking Critically
Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.

1. How were Judaism, Christianity, and Islam similar?

2. Do you think the ideas of the Enlightenment are still important today? Why?

14 PROLOGUE REVIEW