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Use Schedule A (Form 1040) to figure your itemized deductions. In most cases, your
1999 Federal income tax will be less if you take the larger of your itemized deductions or your
standard deduction.
Instructions for If you itemize, you may deduct a part of your medical and dental expenses and unreim-
bursed employee business expenses, and amounts you paid for certain taxes, interest,
Schedule A, contributions, and miscellaneous expenses. You may also deduct certain casualty and theft
losses.
Itemized Do not include on Schedule A items deducted elsewhere, such as on
Deductions Schedule C, C-EZ, E, or F.
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Cat. No. 24328L
and the proceeds must be used for general
Line 1 Taxes You Paid community or governmental purposes. Pub.
530 explains the deductions homeowners
Medical and Dental Expenses may take.
Taxes You May Not Deduct
Enter the total of your medical and dental Do not include the following amounts on
● Federal income and excise taxes. line 6.
expenses, after you reduce these expenses
by any payments received from insurance or ● Social security, Medicare, Federal un- ● Itemized charges for services to specif-
other sources. See Reimbursements below. employment (FUTA), and railroad retire- ic property or persons (for example, a $20
ment (RRTA) taxes. monthly charge per house for trash collec-
Do not forget to include insur-
● Customs duties. tion, a $5 charge for every 1,000 gallons of
ance premiums you paid for med-
ical and dental care. But if you ● Federal estate and gift taxes. But see water consumed, or a flat charge for mowing
claimed the self-employed health the instructions for line 27 on page A-6. a lawn that had grown higher than permitted
insurance deduction on Form 1040, line 28, ● Certain state and local taxes, including: under a local ordinance).
reduce the premiums by the amount on general sales tax, tax on gasoline, car in- ● Charges for improvements that tend to
line 28. spection fees, assessments for sidewalks or increase the value of your property (for ex-
other improvements to your property, tax ample, an assessment to build a new side-
you paid for someone else, and license fees walk). The cost of a property improvement
Whose Medical and Dental Expenses Can (marriage, driver’s, dog, etc.). is added to the basis of the property. How-
You Include? You may include medical ever, a charge is deductible if it is used only
and dental bills you paid for: to maintain an existing public facility in ser-
● Yourself and your spouse. vice (for example, a charge to repair an ex-
Line 5 isting sidewalk, and any interest included in
● All dependents you claim on your
return. that charge).
State and Local Income Taxes
● Your child whom you do not claim as If your mortgage payments include your
Include on this line the state and local real estate taxes, you may deduct only the
a dependent because of the rules explained
income taxes listed below. amount the mortgage company actually paid
in Pub. 501 for children of divorced or sep-
arated parents. ● State and local income taxes withheld to the taxing authority in 1999.
from your salary during 1999. Your W-2 If you sold your home in 1999, any real
● Any person you could have claimed as
form(s) will show these amounts. Forms estate tax charged to the buyer should be
a dependent on your return if that person
W-2G, 1099-G, 1099-R, and 1099-MISC shown in box 5 of Form 1099-S. This
had not received $2,750 or more of gross
may also show state and local income taxes amount is considered a refund of real estate
income or had not filed a joint return.
withheld. taxes. See Refunds and Rebates next. Any
Example. You provided over half of your
● State and local income taxes paid in real estate taxes you paid at closing should
mother’s support but may not claim her as
1999 for a prior year, such as taxes paid be shown on your settlement statement.
a dependent because she received wages of
with your 1998 state or local income tax
$2,750 in 1999. You may include on line 1 Refunds and Rebates. If you received a
return. Do not include penalties or interest.
any medical and dental expenses you paid refund or rebate in 1999 of real estate taxes
in 1999 for your mother. ● State and local estimated tax payments
made during 1999, including any part of a you paid in 1999, reduce your deduction by
prior year refund that you chose to have the amount of the refund or rebate. If you
Reimbursements. If your insurance compa-
credited to your 1999 state or local income received a refund or rebate in 1999 of real
ny paid the provider directly for part of your
taxes. estate taxes you paid in an earlier year, do
expenses, and you paid only the amount that
not reduce your deduction by this amount.
remained, include on line 1 ONLY the ● Mandatory contributions you made to Instead, you must include the refund or
amount you paid. If you received a reim- the California, New Jersey, or New York rebate in income on Form 1040, line 21, if
bursement in 1999 for medical or dental Nonoccupational Disability Benefit Fund, you deducted the real estate taxes in the
expenses you paid in 1999, reduce your Rhode Island Temporary Disability Benefit earlier year and the deduction reduced your
1999 expenses by this amount. If you re- Fund, or Washington State Supplemental tax. Pub. 525 tells you how to figure the
ceived a reimbursement in 1999 for prior Workmen’s Compensation Fund. amount to include in income.
year medical or dental expenses, do not Do not reduce your deduction by:
reduce your 1999 expenses by this amount.
● Any state or local income tax refund or
But if you deducted the expenses in the
credit you expect to receive for 1999, or Line 7
earlier year and the deduction reduced your
tax, you must include the reimbursement in ● Any refund of, or credit for, prior year
income on Form 1040, line 21. See Pub. 502 state and local income taxes you actually Personal Property Taxes
for details on how to figure the amount to received in 1999. Instead, see the instruc-
tions for Form 1040, line 10. Enter personal property tax you paid, but
include. only if it is based on value alone.
Cafeteria Plans. Do not include on line 1 Example. You paid a fee for the registration
insurance premiums paid by an employer- Line 6 of your car. Part of the fee was based on the
sponsored health insurance plan (cafeteria car’s value and part was based on its weight.
plan) unless the premiums are included in Real Estate Taxes You may deduct only the part of the fee that
box 1 of your W-2 form(s). Also, do not is based on the car’s value.
include any other medical and dental ex- Include taxes (state, local, or foreign) you
penses paid by the plan unless the amount paid on real estate you own that was not
paid is included in box 1 of your W-2 used for business, but only if the taxes are
form(s). based on the assessed value of the property.
Also, the assessment must be made uniform-
ly on property throughout the community,
A-2
1999. The limit is $50,000 if married filing
Line 8 separately. An example of this type of mort- Line 12
gage is a home equity loan used to pay off
Other Taxes credit card bills, buy a car, or pay tuition. Points Not Reported on Form 1098
If you had any deductible tax not listed on 2. You took out any mortgages after Oc- Points are shown on your settlement state-
line 5, 6, or 7, list the type and amount of tober 13, 1987, and used the proceeds to ment. Points you paid only to borrow money
tax. Enter only one total on line 8. Include buy, build, or improve your home, and these are generally deductible over the life of the
on this line income tax you paid to a foreign mortgages plus any mortgages you took out loan. See Pub. 936 to figure the amount you
country or U.S. possession. on or before October 13, 1987, totaled over may deduct. Points paid for other purposes,
$1 million at any time during 1999. The such as for a lender’s services, are not de-
You may want to take a credit limit is $500,000 if married filing separate-
for the foreign tax instead of a ductible.
ly.
deduction. See the instructions
for Form 1040, line 46, for If the total amount of all mort- Refinancing. Generally, you must deduct
details. gages is more than the fair points you paid to refinance a mortgage over
market value of the home, addi- the life of the loan. This is true even if the
tional limits apply. See Pub. 936. new mortgage is secured by your main
home.
Interest You Paid Line 10 If you used part of the proceeds to im-
prove your main home, you may be able
Whether your interest expense is treated as Enter on line 10 mortgage interest and points
to deduct the part of the points related to the
investment interest, personal interest, or reported to you on Form 1098. If this form
improvement in the year paid. See Pub. 936
business interest depends on how and when shows any refund of overpaid interest, do
for details.
you used the loan proceeds. See Pub. 535 not reduce your deduction by the refund.
for details. Instead, see the instructions for Form 1040, If you paid off a mortgage early,
line 21. deduct any remaining points in
In general, if you paid interest in 1999 the year you paid off the mort-
that applies to any period after 1999, you If you paid more interest to the recipient
than is shown on Form 1098, see Pub. 936 gage.
may deduct only amounts that apply for
1999. to find out if you can deduct the additional
interest. If you can, attach a statement ex-
plaining the difference and enter “See at- Line 13
tached” next to line 10.
Lines 10 and 11 Investment Interest
Note. If you are claiming the mortgage in-
Home Mortgage Interest terest credit (see the instructions for Form Investment interest is interest paid on money
1040, line 47), subtract the amount shown you borrowed that is allocable to property
A home mortgage is any loan that is se- held for investment. It does not include any
cured by your main home or second home. on line 3 of Form 8396 from the total de-
ductible interest you paid on your home interest allocable to passive activities or to
It includes first and second mortgages, home securities that generate tax-exempt income.
equity loans, and refinanced mortgages. mortgage. Enter the result on line 10.
Complete and attach Form 4952 to figure
A home may be a house, condominium, your deduction.
Line 11
cooperative, mobile home, boat, or similar
property. It must provide basic living ac- If you did not receive a Form 1098 from the Exception. You do not have to file Form
commodations including sleeping space, recipient, report your deductible mortgage 4952 if all three of the following apply.
toilet, and cooking facilities. interest on line 11.
1. Your investment interest expense is not
If you bought your home from the recip- more than your investment income from in-
Limit on Home Mortgage Interest. If you ient, be sure to show that recipient’s name,
took out any mortgages after October 13, terest and ordinary dividends.
identifying no., and address on the dotted
1987, your deduction may be limited. Any 2. You have no other deductible expenses
lines next to line 11. If the recipient is an
additional amounts borrowed after October connected with the production of the interest
individual, the identifying no. is his or her
13, 1987, on a line-of-credit mortgage you or dividends.
social security number (SSN). Otherwise, it
had on that date are treated as a mortgage is the employer identification number. You 3. You have no disallowed investment
taken out after October 13, 1987. If you must also let the recipient know your SSN. interest expense from 1998.
refinanced a mortgage you had on October If you do not show the required information
13, 1987, treat the new mortgage as taken about the recipient or let the recipient know
out on or before October 13, 1987. But if Note. Alaska Permanent Fund dividends, in-
your SSN, you may have to pay a $50 pen- cluding those reported on Form 8814, are
you refinanced for more than the balance of alty.
the old mortgage, treat the excess as a mort- not investment income.
gage taken out after October 13, 1987. If you and at least one other person (other
than your spouse if filing a joint return) were For more details, see Pub. 550.
See Pub. 936 to figure your deduction if liable for and paid interest on the mortgage,
either 1 or 2 next applies. If you had more and the other person received the Form
than one home at the same time, the dollar 1098, attach a statement to your return
amounts in 1 and 2 apply to the total mort- showing the name and address of that
gages on both homes. person. Next to line 11, enter “See attached.”
1. You took out any mortgages after Oc-
tober 13, 1987, and used the proceeds for
purposes other than to buy, build, or im-
prove your home, and all of these mortgages
totaled over $100,000 at any time during
A-3
In figuring whether a gift is $250 or more, ● Gifts to foreign organizations. But you
do not combine separate donations. For ex- may be able to deduct gifts to certain U.S.
Gifts to Charity ample, if you gave your church $25 each organizations that transfer funds to foreign
You may deduct contributions or gifts you week for a total of $1,300, treat each $25 charities and certain Canadian and Mexican
gave to organizations that are religious, payment as a separate gift. If you made do- charities. See Pub. 526 for details.
charitable, educational, scientific, or literary nations through payroll deductions, treat ● Gifts to organizations engaged in cer-
in purpose. You may also deduct what you each deduction from each paycheck as a tain political activities that are of direct fi-
gave to organizations that work to prevent separate gift. See Pub. 526 if you made a nancial interest to your trade or business.
cruelty to children or animals. Examples of separate gift of $250 or more through pay- See Internal Revenue Code section
these organizations are: roll deduction. 170(f)(9).
● Churches, temples, synagogues, 1. The amount of any money contributed ● Gifts to groups whose purpose is to
mosques, Salvation Army, Red Cross, and a description (but not value) of any lobby for changes in the laws.
CARE, Goodwill Industries, United Way, property donated.
● Gifts to civic leagues, social and sports
Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, Boys and Girls 2. Whether the organization did or did not clubs, labor unions, and chambers of com-
Clubs of America, etc. give you any goods or services in return for merce.
● Fraternal orders, if the gifts will be used your contribution. If you did receive any
● Value of benefits received in connec-
for the purposes listed above. goods or services, a description and estimate
tion with a contribution to a charitable or-
● Veterans’ and certain cultural groups. of the value must be included. If you re-
ganization. See Pub. 526 for exceptions.
ceived only intangible religious benefits
● Nonprofit schools, hospitals, and or- (such as admission to a religious ceremony),
ganizations whose purpose is to find a cure the organization must state this, but it does
for, or help people who have, arthritis, not have to describe or value the benefit. Line 15
asthma, birth defects, cancer, cerebral palsy,
cystic fibrosis, diabetes, heart disease, he- You must get the statement by
Gifts by Cash or Check
mophilia, mental illness or retardation, mul- the date you file your return or
tiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, the due date (including exten- Enter the total contributions you made in
tuberculosis, etc. sions) for filing your return, cash or by check (including out-of-pocket
whichever is earlier. Do not attach the state- expenses).
● Federal, state, and local governments if ment to your return. Instead, keep it for your
the gifts are solely for public purposes. records.
If you do not know whether you
may deduct what you gave to an
Line 16
Limit on the Amount You May Deduct.
organization, check with that or- See Pub. 526 to figure the amount of your Other Than by Cash or Check
ganization or with the IRS. deduction if any of the following apply.
Enter your contributions of property. If you
Contributions You May Deduct ● Your cash contributions or contribu- gave used items, such as clothing or furni-
tions of ordinary income property are more ture, deduct their fair market value at the
Contributions may be in cash (keep canceled than 30% of the amount on Form 1040, time you gave them. Fair market value is
checks, receipts, or other reliable written re- line 34. what a willing buyer would pay a willing
cords showing the name of the organization ● Your gifts of capital gain property are seller when neither has to buy or sell and
and the date and amount given), property, more than 20% of the amount on Form 1040, both are aware of the conditions of the sale.
or out-of-pocket expenses you paid to do line 34.
volunteer work for the kinds of organiza- If the amount of your deduction is more
tions described earlier. If you drove to and ● You gave gifts of property that in- than $500, you must complete and attach
from the volunteer work, you may take 14 creased in value or gave gifts of the use of Form 8283. For this purpose, the “amount
cents a mile or the actual cost of gas and property. of your deduction” means your deduction
oil. Add parking and tolls to the amount you BEFORE applying any income limits that
claim under either method. But do not You May Not Deduct as could result in a carryover of contributions.
deduct any amounts that were repaid to you. Contributions If your total deduction is over $5,000, you
● Travel expenses (including meals and may also have to get appraisals of the values
Gifts From Which You Benefit. If you lodging) while away from home unless there of the donated property. See Form 8283 and
made a gift and received a benefit in return, was no significant element of personal its instructions for details.
such as food, entertainment, or merchandise, pleasure, recreation, or vacation in the
you may generally only deduct the amount travel. Recordkeeping. If you gave property, you
that is more than the value of the benefit. should keep a receipt or written statement
● Political contributions.
But this rule does not apply to certain mem- from the organization you gave the property
● Dues, fees, or bills paid to country to, or a reliable written record, that shows
bership benefits provided in return for an
clubs, lodges, fraternal orders, or similar the organization’s name and address, the
annual payment of $75 or less. For details,
groups. date and location of the gift, and a descrip-
see Pub. 526.
● Cost of raffle, bingo, or lottery tickets. tion of the property. For each gift of prop-
Example. You paid $70 to a charitable
organization to attend a fund-raising dinner ● Cost of tuition. erty, you should also keep reliable written
● Value of your time or services. records that include:
and the value of the dinner was $40. You
may deduct only $30. ● Value of blood given to a blood bank. ● How you figured the property’s value
at the time you gave it. If the value was
● The transfer of a future interest in tan- determined by an appraisal, keep a signed
Gifts of $250 or More. You may deduct a
gible personal property (generally, until the copy of the appraisal.
gift of $250 or more only if you have a
entire interest has been transferred).
statement from the charitable organization
showing the information in 1 and 2 below. ● Gifts to individuals and groups that are (continued on page A-5)
Deductions pension.
● Impairment-related work expenses of a
disabled person.
Line 27 For more details, see Pub. 529.
Only the expenses listed next can be deduct-
ed on this line. List the type and amount of
each expense on the dotted lines next to line
27. If you need more space, attach a state-
ment showing the type and amount of each
expense. Enter one total on line 27.
1. Add the amounts on Schedule A, lines 4, 9, 14, 18, 19, 26, and 27 1.
2. Add the amounts on Schedule A, lines 4, 13, and 19, plus any gambling and casualty or theft losses
included on line 27 2.
Be sure your total gambling and casualty or theft losses are clearly identified on the dotted
line next to line 27.
A-6
Use Schedule B (Form 1040) if any of the following apply.
1999 ● You had over $400 in taxable interest.
Instructions for ● Any of the Special Rules listed in the instructions for line 1 below apply to you.
● You are claiming the exclusion of interest from series EE or I U.S. savings bonds issued
Schedule B, after 1989.
● You had over $400 in ordinary dividends.
Interest and ● You received ordinary dividends as a nominee.
● You (1) had a foreign account; or (2) received a distribution from, or were a grantor of,
Ordinary or transferor to, a foreign trust. Part III of the schedule has questions about foreign accounts
and trusts.
Dividends
You may list more than one a subtotal of all interest listed on line 1.
payer on each entry space for Below this subtotal, enter “Nominee Distri- Line 3
lines 1 and 5, but be sure to clear- bution” and show the total interest you re-
ly show the amount paid next to ceived as a nominee. Subtract this amount Excludable Interest on
the payer’s name. Add the separate amounts from the subtotal and enter the result on Series EE and I U.S. Savings
paid by the payers listed on an entry space line 2.
and enter the total in the “Amount” column. Bonds Issued After 1989
If you received interest as a nom-
If you still need more space, attach separate inee, you must give the actual If, during 1999, you cashed series EE or I
statements that are the same size as the print- owner a Form 1099-INT unless U.S. savings bonds issued after 1989 and
ed schedule. Use the same format as lines 1 the owner is your spouse. You you paid qualified higher education ex-
and 5, but show your totals on Schedule B. must also file a Form 1096 and a penses for yourself, your spouse, or your
Be sure to put your name and social security Form 1099-INT with the IRS. For more de- dependents, you may be able to exclude part
number (SSN) on the statements and attach tails, see the Instructions for Forms 1099, or all of the interest on those bonds. See
them at the end of your return. 1098, 5498, and W-2G. Form 8815 for details.
Accrued Interest
Part I. Interest When you buy bonds between interest pay-
ment dates and pay accrued interest to the
Part II. Ordinary
seller, this interest is taxable to the seller. If Dividends
you received a Form 1099 for interest as a
Line 1 purchaser of a bond with accrued interest, Note. You may have to file Form 5471 if,
follow the rules earlier under Nominees to in 1999, you were an officer or director of
Interest see how to report the accrued interest on a foreign corporation. You may also have to
Schedule B. But identify the amount to be file Form 5471 if, in 1999, you owned 10%
Report on line 1 all of your taxable interest. or more of the total (1) value of a foreign
List each payer’s name and show the subtracted as “Accrued Interest.”
corporation’s stock, or (2) combined voting
amount. power of all classes of a foreign corpora-
Tax-Exempt Interest
tion’s stock with voting rights. For details,
Special Rules If you received a Form 1099-INT for tax- see Form 5471 and its instructions.
exempt interest, follow the rules earlier
Seller-Financed Mortgages under Nominees to see how to report the
interest on Schedule B. But identify the
If you sold your home or other property and
amount to be subtracted as “Tax-Exempt Line 5
the buyer used the property as a personal
residence, list first any interest the buyer Interest.”
Ordinary Dividends
paid you on a mortgage or other form of
seller financing. Be sure to show the buyer’s Original Issue Discount (OID) Report on line 5 all of your ordinary divi-
name, address, and SSN. You must also let If you are reporting OID in an amount less dends. List each payer’s name and show the
the buyer know your SSN. If you do not than the amount shown on Form 1099-OID, amount.
show the buyer’s name, address, and SSN, follow the rules earlier under Nominees to Do not report capital gain distri-
or let the buyer know your SSN, you may see how to report the OID on Schedule B. butions on line 5. Instead, see the
have to pay a $50 penalty. But identify the amount to be subtracted as instructions for Form 1040,
“OID Adjustment.” line 13.
Nominees
Amortizable Bond Premium (continued on page B-2)
If you received a Form 1099-INT that in-
cludes interest you received as a nominee If you are reducing your interest income on
(that is, in your name, but the interest actu- a bond by the amount of amortizable bond
ally belongs to someone else), report the premium, follow the rules earlier under
total on line 1. Do this even if you later Nominees to see how to report the interest
distributed some or all of this income to on Schedule B. But identify the amount to
others. Under your last entry on line 1, put be subtracted as “ABP Adjustment.”
B-1
Nominees ● You were an officer or employee of a
domestic corporation with securities listed
If you received a Form 1099-DIV that in-
on national securities exchanges or with
cludes ordinary dividends you received as a
assets of more than $1 million and 500 or
nominee (that is, in your name, but the or-
more shareholders of record; the account
dinary dividends actually belong to someone
was in your employer’s name; you did not
else), report the total on line 5. Do this even
have a personal financial interest in the ac-
if you later distributed some or all of this
count; and the corporation’s chief financial
income to others. Under your last entry on
officer has given you written notice that the
line 5, put a subtotal of all ordinary divi-
corporation has filed a current report that
dends listed on line 5. Below this subtotal,
includes the account.
enter “Nominee Distribution” and show the
total ordinary dividends you received as a See Form TD F 90-22.1 to find out if
nominee. Subtract this amount from the sub- you are considered to have an interest in or
total and enter the result on line 6. signature or other authority over a financial
account in a foreign country (such as a bank
If you received ordinary divi- account, securities account, or other finan-
dends as a nominee, you must cial account).
give the actual owner a
Form 1099-DIV unless the If you checked the “Yes” box on line 7a,
owner is your spouse. You must also file a file Form TD F 90-22.1 by June 30, 2000,
Form 1096 and a Form 1099-DIV with the with the Department of the Treasury at
IRS. For more details, see the Instructions the address shown on that form. Do not
for Forms 1099, 1098, 5498, and W-2G. attach it to Form 1040.
Line 7b
If you checked the “Yes” box on line 7a,
Part III. Foreign enter the name of the foreign country or
countries in the space provided on line 7b.
Accounts and Trusts Attach a separate statement if you need more
space.
Lines 7a and 7b
Line 8
Foreign Accounts
Foreign Trusts
Line 7a
If you received a distribution from a foreign
Check the “Yes” box on line 7a if either 1 trust, you must provide additional informa-
or 2 below applies to you. tion. For this purpose, a loan of cash or
1. You own more than 50% of the stock marketable securities generally is consid-
in any corporation that owns one or more ered to be a distribution. See Form 3520 for
foreign bank accounts. details.
2. At any time during the year you had If you were the grantor of, or transferor
an interest in or signature or other authority to, a foreign trust that existed during 1999,
over a financial account in a foreign country you may have to file Form 3520.
(such as a bank account, securities account,
or other financial account).
B-2