I = 1.

5A R1 = 8Ω R2 = 6Ω

Vj R 3 = 4Ω

Figure A2.1

1. A2.1 based circuit diagram above, calculate;

i. total resistance

Rj = R1+R2+R3 = 8+6+4 = 18Ω

ii. value Vj

Vj = IRj = (1.5)(18) = 27V

iii. voltage drop at R3, VR3

( R3/Rj) Vj = (4/18) 27 = 6V

2. three resistors connected in parallel to each value R1 = 6Ω, R2 = 5Ω, R3 = 20Ω and is
supplied with 100 V supply. Calculate

1. total resistance
1/Rj = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 = 1/6 + 1/5 + 1/20 = 0.417

Rj = 1/0.417 = 2.4Ω

2. total current

Ij = V/Rj = 100/2.4 = 41.7 A

 3. voltage across each resistor

V1 = V2 = V3 = V = 100V

4. current per resistor

I1 = V/R = 100/6 = 16.7 A

I2 = V/R = 100/5 = 20 A
I3 = V/R = 100/20 = 5 A

3. please define for the first Kirchoff law and the second Kirchoff law

The first Kirchoff law states that the amount of current to at one point is equal to the total
current leaving that point, or at any crossing point in the circuit, the total current entering
the point algebra is equal to the total flow out

Second Kirchoff law states that in a closed circuit, the sum of the voltage rise and voltage
drop is zero, or in any electrical circuit is completed, the amount of algebra to increase the
voltage must equal the total voltage drop
Based on 2.1 K circuit diagram below, find;

1. total resistance

R23 = R2 R3/R+R3
= (4)(8)/4+8
= 2.667Ω

Rj = R1 R23/R1+R23
= (2)(2.667)/4.667
= 1.143Ω

2. voltage at R2

V2 = Vs = 240 V

3. current at R2 and R3

I2 = (Vs/R2) = (240/4) = 60A

I3 = (Vs/R3) = (240/8) = 30A

4. power dissipated in R1 and the resistance of the whole circuit

P1 = (Vs)2/R1 = (240)2/2 = 28.8kW

Pj = (Vs)2/Rj = (240)2/1.143 = 50.4 kW
awared the figure below 2.2 K, the voltage across R1 = 72 V. specify the following values:

1. the current through each resistor R1, R2, R3 and R4

Ij = IR1 (parallel)
IR1 = V1/R1 = 72/8 = 9A

IR4 = IR1 = 9A (series)

IR2 = (R3/R2+R3)Ij = (3/9)9 = 3A
IR3 = (Ij-IR2) = (9-3) = 6A

2. Voltage each resistor

VR2 = VR3 = I2 R2 = (3)(6) = 18 V

VR4 = IR4 R4 = (9)(4) = 36 V

3. Total voltage, Vs

Vs = VR1 + VR2 + VR4

= 72+18+36
= 126 V
according to figure 2.3, calculate the current value of each branch and voltage drop in each
resistor using Kirchoff law.

At nod A : I1 = I2+I3-----------------(1)

Gelung 1: -12 + 4I2 + 4 + (1)I1 = 0 ------------------ (2)

Gelung 2: -4-3I2 + 5I3 + 6 = 0

-3I2+5I3 = -2------------------------(3)

Substitute(1) into (2)

4I2 + (I3 + I2) = 8

5I2 + I3 = 8-------------------------(4)

solve the equation (3) and (4) using Cramer rule or other appropriate methods

- 3 5 I2 = -2 => D = -3 5

5 1 I3 8 5 1

determining the value of , D = -3 5 = (-3)(1)-(5)(5) = -28

5 1

I2 = -2 5 = (-2)(1)-(5)(8) = -42 I3 = -3 -2 = (-3)(8)-(-2)(5) = -14

8 1 5 8

I3 = I3/D = -14/-28 = 0.5A

I2 = I2/D = -42/-28 = 1.5A

from equation (1): I1 = I2+I3 = 1.5+0.5 = 2A

voltage drop in each resistor;

VR1 = I1 R1 = (2)(1) = 2V

VR2 = I2 R2 = (1.5)(4) = 6V

VR3 = I3 R3 = (0.5)(5) = 2.5V

RL circuit is a 10 ohm series resistance and inductance 0.2H supplied with the supply of 250 V
AC, 50Hz. calculate;

1. circuit impedance
2. circuit current
3. phase angle

solution:

Give R = 10Ω, L = 0.2H, V = 250 V and f = 50Hz

Where, XL = 2πfL = 2π(50)(0.2) = 62.83Ω

1) impedance, Z = √ R2 + XL2 = √ 102 + 62.832 = 63.62Ω

2) circuit current, I = V/Z = 250/63.62 = 3.93A
3) phase angle, tan-1 (XL/R) = tan-1(63.62/10) = tan-1(6.362) = 81.1ͦ

RL circuit is a 10 ohm series resistance and capacitive 200µf supplied with the supply of 75V
AC, 50Hz. calculate;

1. circuit impedance
2. circuit current
3. power factor

Give R = 10Ω, C =200µf, V = 75 V and f = 50Hz

Where, Xc = 1/2πfC = 1/2π(50)(200 x 10-6) = 15.92Ω

1) impedance, Z = √ R2 + Xc2 = √ 102 + 15.922 = 18.8Ω

2) circuit current, I = V/Z = 75/15.92 = 4.71A
3) power factor, cos (R/Z) = cos(10/15.92) = 0.628
a series RLC circuit is 100 ohms resistive, inductive and Capacitive 200micro 100mH Farad
supplied with AC power supply 240 V, 50Hz. Calculate

1. circuit impedance
2. circuit current
3. power factor and phase angle
4. power of kVA, power of kW and power of kVAR

XL = 2πfL = 2π(50)(0.2) = 62.83Ω, Xc = 1/2πfC = 1/2π(50)(200 x 10-6) = 15.92Ω

1) impedance, Z = √ (XL + Xc)2 = √ 1002 + (31.42-15.91)2 = 101.1Ω

2) circuit current, I = V/Z = 240/101.2 = 0.988A
3) power factor, cos (R/Z) = cos(100/101.2) = 0.988
phase angle, cos-1 (R/Z) = cos-1(0.988) = 8.9ͦ
4) power of kVA, S = VI = (240)(2.37) = 568.8 = 0.57kVA
power of kW, P = VIcosø = (568.8)(0.988) = 562 = 0.562kW
power of kVAR, Q = VIsinø = (568.8)(sin8.9ͦ) = 88 = 0.09kVAR
1. give the definition of the impedance
impedance is the number of barriers that exist within ac circuits

2. state one (1) the definition of power factor

Power factor is the ratio of resistance to impedance

3. draw and label a series RL circuit in an ac circuit

4. a 200 micro Farad capacitor Capacitive connected to supply 75V, 50Hz. Capacitive
reactance value and what is current in the circuit?

Xc = 1/2πfC = 1/2π(50)(200 x 10-6) = 15.92Ω

circuit current, I = V/Z = 75/15.92 = 4.71A

5. draw and label a vector diagram for a series RLC circuit for Xc > XL