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  : - ³Business is a collection of various resources in producing a product or

service for creating value for customers´ or ³a process of using the available resources
strategically to produce products or to create services which are offer-able to customers´.
These days everything is changing very rapidly due to competitive environment; changes in
economy, market fluctuation and rates of commodities; so these all are resources of business.
To be able to survive and succeed in a competitive environment, change is very important for
the success of any organisation.


 : - In this given case there is one international company which deals in real
estate named Villas International. Company vision is to become one of the leading real estate
services and investment management firm. In order to achieve company vision / goal the
company is looking forward to create a high performance work culture and to retain its best
talent, the company has designed a three year HR plan to be able to move from a tall HR
structure to an organisation with shared best practices

 

 
  


  

  

  
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 Recruitment and selection

 ºmployee engagement
 cerformance management
 High class training
 Talent management
 º tra benefits for workers

In order to achieve a high success rate from the current HR structure, these si phases
are required to attract and retain workers and to become one of the leading companies
in world.

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 ³(ODè is a concept, organization-wide effort to increase an
organization's effectiveness and viability. µWarren Bennie¶ has referred to OD as a response
to change, a comple educational strategy intended to change the beliefs, attitudes, values,
and structure of organization so that they can better adapt to new technologies, marketing and
challenges, and the dizzying rate of change itself. OD is neither "anything done to better an
organization" nor is it "the training function of the organization"; it is a particular kind of
change process designed to bring about a particular kind of end result. OD can involve
interventions in the organization's "processes," using behavioural science knowledge as well
as organizational reflection, system improvement, planning, and self-analysis´

Organisation development is a long term plan, settled by top management, to improve an

organisation vision, mission, goals, empowerment and problem solving process, which
through an ongoing, collaborative management of organisation culture with special emphasis
on the culture of intact work teams and other team configuration utilisation and consultant
facilitator role and theory and technology of applied behaviour science, involving action plan

Organisation development is also for the improvement of company performance by applying

the some changes on people (workersè, process and system; organisation development
required best organisation culture because culture play very important role in development
process because change the system and process is not a difficult task but change the attitude
of workers is very challengeable because different workers have different mind set up so
change the mind set up is big deal for every organisation.

OD is a contractual relationship between a change agent and sponsoring organisation

entered into the purpose of using behavioural science and other organisation change
perspectives in system conte t to improve organisation performance and the capacity of the
organisation to improve the itself.

³A planned, systematic process in which applied behavioural science principle and practices
are introduced into organisation, toward the goals of increasing individual and organisation
effectiveness.´

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Renewal face

Death stage

Birth stage Growing stage

.  
"& This is the introductory stage for the company. Here the company introduces
itself in the market and focuses on customers not on profit. The company tries to make more
demand for its products by making a relationship with its customers. The company takes
decisions according to demand meaning they are ready to change the processes if required.

º ample:- Reliance fresh is a retail company which provides all commodities under one roof
all around India but the company is still at the Birth stage because it launched in the year
2008 and right now the company is making its reputation or looking for customers in market
by providing good service.

2  
: - At this stage company starts to earn profits after getting a good reputation
in market. The company focuses on old customers by maintain good relations and new
customers who are with the competitor right now.

3%
"& Kingfisher airline is Airways Company which is famous for lu urious services
and for food quality. The company is at a growing stage since it is making good profits and
has a good volume of customers. But in order to become a leader in the Industry, the
Company is still looking for new customers.
Π    
: - In this stage the company earns ma imum profit through market
reputation. ºvery company looks forward to reach this stage where they mainly focus on
maintaining customer relationships by providing the good quality service and product.

º ample: - Nokia:- It is a mobile manufacturing company with supplies all around the world.
It has a good reputation and is one of the leading mobile manufacturing companies in the
world. It has a huge customer volume, so right now company is taking full benefit of its
reputation by generating ma imum profit. This company is at Maturity stage.



  
" - This stage took place if company is not ready for change according to
market demand. change is very important to beat the competition or where company sales
comes down or the grow of company decrease in the market and eyes of customers due to
lack of focus on quality issues and service standard or price factors etc here the profit of
company also decrease than growth and maturity stages.

3%
" _ Maruti 800 car got a good demand in market during 1995 to 2005 because
during this period company was accepting the change mean change in engine, some new
facilities added according to demand but right know the demand for maruti 800 is very less
because so many companies launching cars at same price and with more facilities than
maruti or the demand of customers is changed but company is not bringing change in the
model. uo this is decline stage for maruti 800 car.

3%
4 - Indian air line, Microsoft

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: - each and every organisation face this stage because after some time demand
of customer will change if company accept this change or add some new future in product
according to demand than only company can survive in market or if company doesn¶t accept
the change it may be death of company.


  
:_ it mean the death of company from market no sale for company no profit, no
royalty income at this stage company struggle a lot and most of companies shut down the
business and withdraw all the investments from business.

3%
: _ uatyam computers was one of the top Indian IT company till 2009 but right
know the market or share value of company came down in market at this stage company got
death.

 
   
    " all the government organisations where the rule of thumb is applied
mean people has forced to accept the change either they are ready or not for the change
because in bureaucratic organisations head of company can only take the decisions but
workers can only follow them.

º ample: - Indian railway, BuNL, Indian oil, Air India.

    " 5 ts democratic where the duties and responsibilities are divides
among the all workers according their posts or job description here all workers has involved
in decision making policy and also for change process each and every worker can share his
ideas and views about anything in organisation. Change took place in this sort of organisation
if workers are ready for change only.

º ample: - Tata, Reliance, ICICI bank and HDFC etc.




6


    "&

       


Rule of thumb has applied Centralisation system is followed

ºvery worker have involved in decision

Decision are made only by top management making process
Change is forced Change by choice

High job security because Less job security depend on performance

government organisation

cersonal grow is less High personal grow

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 -

Model means the different methods and techniques which are essential for organisation
development according to the demand of Villas International means how the things should
change What happen took place when change introduce How to develop the performance
of an organization What is the right method for change how the process will go uo all
those things are covered in these models which help the Villas International to develop the
company

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* 
"&this models shows the three main stages process of change

1. >nfreezing
2. Changing
3. Refreezing
 >

): _ here the main focus is to create the motivation to change workers are
encouraged to change. The all managers and leaders start to e it the unnecessary or
usefulness behaviour of workers which is not according to today standard.

"5 changing involve learning here the change agent provide new
information to employees, new behavioural models and or new ways of looking at
things the main purpose is to help employee to learn new concepts, point of views,
mentor e perts or other essential information to employees to achieve a high success
rate of change.

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)" 5 change is stabilized during refreezing by helping employees This is

accomplished by first giving employees the chance to e hibit the new behaviour or
attitude once e hibited additional coaching and modelling also use to at this point to
reinforce the stability of change.8

'

 
" _ the model by Japanese corporations (1970¶s and 1980¶sè, does not fit
Weber ideal type of Bureaucracy. This model indicates continuous improvement is required
to live in the competition or become a successful in business so for the improvement change
is very important. uome of the characteristics of this model are; Bottom up decision making,
less specialisation, job security, merging of lives and private lives, consensus decision, zero
inventories and more focus on just in time process


 

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 "&the working environment and work tradition in organisation
is called culture. Culture is very important for improvement it mean communication,
behaviour, and time. Communication between all employees either all follow the good
communication way to e press their ideas or not, Behaviour mean how the behaviour of
workers about each other are they respect each other or not Time Is all workers follow the
time restrictions or not Mean are they come on time to office or not etc.

Culture of organisation is very essential for improvement. It will help to motivate the
members of organization and make work easy, successful achievement of vision.

º ample:- Toyota is one of the famous automobile company in 40 countries company famous
for his culture because they produce cars only in 7 countries but they sell these all cars in 40
countries due to good organisational culture because company maintain good rules and
regulations about cultural approach each and every worker who works for Toyota follow the
company rules which helps the company to maintain high standard culture by providing good
services around 40 countries also company is famous for JIT process (just in timeè process
this is only possible if workers follow the good culture due to this process company make
their customers more happy by provide services on time. uo here we can understand easily
about culture importance in these days.
7
    " 5is the term given to a company that facilitates the learning of its
members and continuously transforms itself. Learning organizations develop as a result of the
pressures facing modern organizations and enables them to remain competitive in the
business environment A learning organization has five main features; systems thinking,
personal mastery, mental models, shared vision and team learning

.

  
:-

1. It helps to maintain high level of innovation.

2. It help the company to reduce the e ternal pressure
3. Help to improve the quality standard than competitor
4. Increasing the pace of change within the organization
5. Improve the image or good will of company by maintaining good relations with
workers. +

One office to another office so in order to reduce the turnover of Workers Company is
looking forward to develop

')

"5 its Japanese concept adopted by all around the world the concept focus on
gradual and continuous improvement of organization for manufacturing companies it help to
reduce the wastage and help to increase the production by maintaining change continuously,
increase employees involvement, for service sector help the organization to increase the
customer satisfaction about the services and also helpful for organizational culture. This is
very useful model for organization development and for appropriate change.








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1. Culture e cellence approach

2. Learning organization

 

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  : _Organizational culture is an idea in the field of
organizational studies and management which describes the psychology, attitudes,
e periences, beliefs and values (personal and cultural valuesè of an organization. It has been
defined as "the specific collection of values and norms that are shared by people and groups
in an organization and that control the way they interact with each other and with
stakeholders outside the organization. Ravisi and uchultz (2006è state that organizational
culture is a set of shared mental assumptions that guide interpretation and action in
organizations by defining appropriate behavior for various situations. Although it¶s difficult
to get consensus about the definition of organizational culture, several constructs are
commonly agreed upon ± that organizational culture is holistic, historically determined,
related to anthropological concepts, socially constructed, soft, and difficult to change.

This definition continues to e plain organizational values, described as "beliefs and ideas
about what kinds of goals members of an organization should pursue and ideas about the
appropriate kinds or standards of behavior organizational members should use to achieve
these goals. From organizational values develop organizational norms, guidelines, or
e pectations that prescribe appropriate kinds of behavior by employees in particular
situations and control the behavior of organizational members towards one another.9
 ºvery organisation has his own culture like villa international this approach mostly focus on
cultural environment of organisation where the attitude of workers toward task and
organisation development is more important first it help the organisation to grow more than
competitor because workers are main assets of organisation if they doesn¶t perform
effectively or they are not satisfied with the organisation than achieve the high standard
culture is impossible and the development of organisation is difficult so in order for
development the role of employees is very important.

u
 
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Villa International is settled three year plan for HR development to obtain a high standard of
organisation culture to reduce the movement of workers because Villa International is
international company so whoever works for this company move from one their organisation
culture which can help the company to reduce the turnover and wastage of money because
recruitment process required huge money and time. uo CºA helps the company a lot to
achieve desired goals in minimum time. CºA helps the company to move in smooth and
effective way. As Villa International is global company they have employee from many
countries
In this situation Villas International has come across issues such as:

 Open communication among all workers. All workers around the world should
communicate openly regarding company issues.
 Interpersonal relations all employee should work together not for self improvement.
 ºmployee divides as per their culture. Mean if someone from India so company
should try to place him in Indian office

If Villas International design changes as per CºA than they have to apply few things in the
organisation because CºA helps the Villas International to overcome from the ongoing
problems discussed above.

[  
  

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 Villas International should design appropriate culture.

 Company should create good communication link between all employees for effective
communication.
 Villas International has to maintain integrity in the organisation.
 Company has to provide good corporate culture training to their employees.
 Villas International provides team building e ercise to their employees.
 Villas International has to involve employees in planning process and share their
views in organisation.
 Villas International should provide all benefits to their employee for development.
Because they are assets of organisation
 Villas international provide the identification to their employees.

As disused about CºA it is often useable technique in all type of organisation to develop their
system it used in various international companies.
CºA is best approach for organisation development where the focus on most useful assets
like human power which is key of success for each and every organisation for development.

7
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j A learning organization is the term given to a company that facilitates the learning of its
members and continuously transforms itself´;

(cedler, M., Burgogyne, J. and Boydell, T. 1997è

learning organisation model mostly focus on development of their main assets like human
power (workersè the development of worker is very important in these sort of organisation
because if the workers of company or organisation are well develop that means the
organisation develop defiantly because whole organisation depend on workers in order to
develop the organisation first step is to polish or develop the skills of workers

# 
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Villas International is international company so the whole process is depend on the eligibility
of their workers if only one worker doesn¶t perform it may me decrease the reputation of
company so in order to achieve their goals smoothly the skills of workers play very important
role different workers who works for this company from different countries so whenever they
join the company they are unaware about the company processor so in order to achieve more
output from workers the development of workers is very important

 
 
   "&

u
 ':- system thinking help the company to analysis the performance of each
and every component of business like human power, IT system and process etc it also provide
the continues information about ongoing process which can help the organisation to reduce
the problems from system and workers if any.

c

: _ the learning ability of the workers is called personal mastery it helps the
organization to quick learning of their workers than other organizations. The learning is
acquired through staff training and development. Learning can¶t be forced here that¶s
depending on workers personal thinking.
Œ
 
"5totally focus on the change of behavior of workers to old behavior to new
open organization culture theories are used for this process to bring the changes in attitude of
worker.

u
 " 5 focus on one thing mean how to achieve the organization goal. How
perform together toward the achievement of organization development. Organization focus
on team building to work together to achieve common vision but the duties and
responsibilities are divided here.


 
 " 5 The accumulation of individual learning constitutes Team learning. The
benefit of team or shared learning is that staffs grows more quickly and the problem solving
capacity of the organization is improved through better access to knowledge and e pertise

>
7  
 :-

LO is best alternative method is appropriate to make changes in Villas International and best
method for OD (organisation developmentè because Villas International is globally company
so may they face these sort of problems mention below.

 Customer satisfaction in not according to plan

 cerformance of company is not up to mark
 uales growth is not visible
 Less profitability
 Learning capabilities
 Facilitating factors
 Learning models

[  
 


    
   6

 7 (7
 
 ) -0

2    

" - Villas International has to provide high standard information
system to their employees in order to achieve their and workers goals effectively.

 
  " &to take the ma imum advantages to Workers Company has to
adopt learning approach to increase their personal performance.

 " & company has to provide training to all employees regarding the job to take the
ma imum output from their employees in less time.

u
 


  " &self development training help the employee to increase their
performance it is beneficial for both employee as well as company but by applying this
company can motivate his employee which may be beneficial for company more rather than
employees because employees are main assets of company.
Π
 



" - company has to motivate their employee to increase the output

from individual by giving rewards, bonus and e tra salary etc.

Villas International has to restructure their hierarchy and design it in matri form.

Villas International has to provide learning atmosphere to their employees.

# 
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 673


7
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Adopt learning approach to strategy and
planning
ºmployee divided as per department by the
company
High class information system is provided to
employee
Learning organisation made by the
e perience of the employee and company
crofessional e perience are considered
Roles and fle ible matri structure

Adopt culture approach to strategy and
planning
ºmployee settle their self according to
environment (cultureè
No information system
Culture already persist in an organization and
e cellence is professed from the culture
Cultural feelings are shared in the
organisation
Flatter structure help to bring smoothness in
process

" &as per alternative forms of organisation development. Villas International has
to adopt two models like Culture º cellence Approach and Learning organization because
these are mandatory to achieve their goals if Villas International apply best option out of
these two whichever is most suitable for company Villas international get success easily in
the 3 years plan. it help the company to change their organisation culture and the learning
approach of their workers which are very essential for the success of their plan Villas
International should provide continues training to their workers for development of their
personal skills which are useful for company and company should focus on employee
engagement and on meeting because these are the best option of motivation by discussing all
things in group or e change of ideas also beneficial for organisation development.
.6 "&

1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_development
2. http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/237685/change_management_models_a_lo
ok_at.html cat=3
3. http://jp.fujitsu.com/group/fri/en/economic/publications/report/1999/report -48.html

4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning_organization
5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_culture
‰ http://www.see.ed.ac.uk/~gerard/MºNG/MºAB/lo_inde .html

;
 http://www.google.co.in/search hl=en&biw=1362&bih=562&rlz=1W1uKcT_en&def
l=en&q=define:Learning+organisation&sa=X&ei=kQKbTduQBNCmrAeV8JjaBg&v
ed=0CBYQkAº