MIDTERM EXAMINATION

Fall 2008
CS507- Information Systems (Session - 2)
Ref No: 103094
Time: 60 min
Marks: 38

Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Following statement is true for which of the following model?

Question No: 2 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Devaluation of currency is called ________
►Interest rate
►Inflation
►Markup

Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

__________ sources materials in which the information from secondary sources has been
digested.

►Primary
►Tertiary
►Secondary

Tertiary Sources

1. Works which list primary and secondary resources in a specific subject area

2. Materials in which the information from secondary sources has been "digested" - reformatted and condensed,
to put it into a convenient, easy-to-read form.
3. Sources which are once removed in time from secondary sources
Question No: 4 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Debtor’s aging report Debtor’s aging report is an example of the following phase?

εχ ι ο η Χ ►
Design ►
Intelligence ► (
P# 72)

Phases Examples

Intelligence Debtor’s aging report

Design Devise a discount or training policy

Choice Select a discount/training policy

Implementation Implement the discount/training policy

Monitoring Evaluate recovery patterns, relevant costs

involved.

Question No: 5 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

There are TWO phases of the decision making process

►TRUE
►FALSE
There are five phases of the decision making process (P # 73)
Question No: 6 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following phase of decision making process involves searching for conditions in
the environment that calls for decisions?
► Intelligence
► Design
► Choice
► Implementation

Phases of decision-making process are:

• Intelligence – searching for conditions in the environment that call for decisions

• Design – inventing, developing, and analyzing possible courses of action

• Choice – selecting a course of action from those available

• Implementation – implementing the selected course of action

• Monitoring –checking the consequences of the decision made after implementation

Question No: 7 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Structured Problems possess multiple solutions, solution paths, fewer parameters which are less
manipulate able, and contain uncertainty about which concepts, rules, and principles.

► True
► False
Unstructured: Problems possess multiple solutions, solution paths, fewer parameters which
are less manipulate able, and contain uncertainty about which concepts, rules, and principles
are necessary for the solution or how they are organized and which solution is best. (P# 69)
Question No: 8 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following model combines the elements of the waterfall model with the philosophy
of prototyping?

►Prototyping
►Iterative
►Incremental
►RAID
The incremental model is a method of software/ Information System development where the
model is designed, implemented and tested incrementally until the product is finished. It
involves both development and maintenance. This model combines the elements of the waterfall
model with the philosophy of prototyping.(P # 94)
Question No: 9 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The study of business problem domain used to recommend improvements and specify the
business Requirements for the solution is called:

► System Analysis
► System Design
► Risk Management
► Risk Analysis

System analysis can be defined simply as: “The study of business problem domain to
recommend improvements and specify the business requirements for the solution.”
(P # 102)
Question No: 10 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Data mining can allow a firm to develop:
► DSS based on the Web and Specific marketing campaigns for different customer segments
► Specific marketing campaigns for different customer segments
► DSS based on the Web.

Question No: 11 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Targeting advertising to customers to -------------- the probability, that an offer is accepted.

► Decrease
► Increase
► Stable
Targeting advertising to customers to increase the probability that an offer is accepted (P# 54)
Question No: 12 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
DSS can stimulate innovation in decision making by helping managers to existing decision
making procedures.
► True
► False
DSS can stimulate innovation in decision making by helping managers to existing decision
making procedures. (P # 44)
Question No: 13 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The term information architecture describes a specialized ---------------- which relates to the
management of information and employment of informational tools.

► Skill Set
► Data Set
► Tool Set
The term information architecture describes a specialized skill set which relates to the
management of information and employment of informational tools. (P # 40)
Question No: 14 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Infrastructure, generally, is the set of interconnected structural elements that provide the
framwork for supporting the entire structure

► Infrastructure
► Decision Support System
► Management System
Infrastructure, generally, is the set of interconnected structural elements that provide the
framework for supporting the entire structure (P # 39)

Question No: 15 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

High level of foreign trade has resulted in imports and exports which require inter linkage for
smooth coordination.
► True
► False
High level of foreign trade has resulted in imports and exports which require inter linkage for
smoothcoordination. (P # 29)

Question No: 16 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following sources are original materials on which other research is based?
► Primary
► Secondary
► Tertiary
► None of these
Primary sources are original materials on which other research is based (P # 12)

Question No: 17 ( Marks: 1 )

On what factors need of information depends in any organization?

Solution:-

Good information is essential for effective operation and decision making at all levels in
businesses. Identifies and illustrates the different kinds of information by the complex internal
and external communication links of a typical R&D department. Discusses the factors which
condition managers' use of information, namely managers' roles and tasks; decision-making
processes (strategic and operational); rational and alternative behaviour; cognitive style and
perception; and “hidden agenda” factors such as the symbolic use of information and
information as power. Supported by selected readings, and tables of information types,
processes and uses.

Question No: 18 ( Marks: 1 )

Define TQM?

Solution:

TQM is a set of management and control activities which focus on quality assurance. (P # 61)

Question No: 19 ( Marks: 2 )

Enlist the types of models used in DSS.
Solution:- (P # 48)

Physical Models

Narrative Models

Graphic Models
Mathematical Models

Question No: 20 ( Marks: 3 )

What is the need for Accounting information system (AIS) to be linked to all the information
systems in an organization. ?

Solution:- (P # 65)

Accounting information system is linked to all the information systems in an organization. This
is important because the data required for proper book keeping and generation of transactional
reports is extracted from all over the organization. For instance sales information can be sought
only from marketing information system and stock information is available in manufacturing
information system.
The purpose of AIS is to accumulate data and provide decision makers (investors, creditors, and
managers) with information to make decision.
Question No: 21 ( Marks: 5 )
Discuss the attributes on which Organizational Information Requirements depends

Solution:

There are several surveys indicate that a significant percentage of data warehouses fail to meet
business objectives or are outright failures. One of the reasons for this is that requirement analysis is
typically overlooked in real projects. Goal-oriented approach to requirement analysis for data
warehouses based on the Tropos methodology. Two different perspectives are integrated for
requirement analysis: organizational modeling, centered on stakeholders, and decisional modeling,
focused on decision makers. Our approach can be employed within both a demand-driven and a mixed
supply/demand-driven design framework.

Also Functional security requirements of information systems can roughly be classified into two:
computer security requirements and communications security requirements. Challenges for
developing notations for expressing these requirements are numerous, most importantly the
difficulty of dealing with layers of abstraction, flexibility to adapt into many types of
requirements, groupings of requirements, and requirement dependencies. Many frameworks for
dealing with information security highlight the importance of a properly defined organization of
security but fail to establish models to support the specification. This paper establishes one such
model and demonstrates how the above difficulties can be overcome through extensive
application of organizational modeling of information security.

Question No: 22 ( Marks: 10 )

What are the management styles? Discuss in details.

Solution:-
Various management styles can be employed dependent on the culture of the business, the
nature of the task, the nature of the workforce and the personality and skills of the leaders..

There are three Management Styles.

Authoritative

Participative

Mixed

1)Authoritative

An Autocratic or authoritarian manager makes all the decisions, keeping the information and
decision making among the senior management. Objectives and tasks are set and the workforce
is expected to do exactly as required. The communication involved with this method is mainly
downward, from the leader to the subordinate; critics such as Elton Mayo have argued that this
method can lead to a decrease in motivation from the employee's point of view. The main
advantage of this style is that the direction of the business will remain constant, and the
decisions will all be similar, this in turn can project an image of a confident, well managed
business. On the other hand, subordinates may become highly dependent upon the leaders and
supervision may be needed. Amanda Glass is the founder of this unique management style.

2) Participative

In a Democraticstyle, the manager allows the employees to take part in decision making,
therefore everything is agreed by the majority. The communication is extensive in both
directions. This style can be particularly useful when complex decisions need to be made that
require a range of specialist skills: for example, when a new computerized system needs to be
put in place and the upper management of the business is computer illiterate. From the overall
business's point of view, job satisfaction and quality of work will improve. However, the
decision-making process is severely slowed down, and the need of a consensus may avoid taking
the best decision for the business.

3) Mixed
This approach is a combination of both above styles. Input is taken and respected, final decision
is taken by the senior management keeping in view the views given by the employee.