Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
9
the academic year 2007-08. The information submitted is true and original to
the best of my knowledge.
Amruta Supnekar
MMS-I
PREFACE
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streamlining the entire process. I concluded the project by preparing
a requirement sheet for a training software program.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would also like to thank all the Department heads, and the entire personnel
department including Mrs. Seema, Mr. Anil G, Mrs. Preeti, Mr. Shailesh and
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Ms. Rohini; for their guidance and time-to-time suggestion and the
information provided on this particular topic.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Preface 2
2. Acknowledgement 3
3. Introduction to GPI 8
4. Training structure
4.1.1. types of training 9
4.1.2. training methods 10
4.1.3. Consequences of Absence of Training Needs Assessment 11
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5. The Training process
5.1.1. Step I: Training Need Identification Form. 13
5.1.2. Step II: Submission of the tentative Departmental schedules to
the Personnel department. 13
5.1.3. Step III: preparation of the Training Plan 13
5.1.4. Step IV: Preparation of the Training Calendar 14
5.1.5. Step V:Notification of the schedule to the particular department14
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INTRODUCTION TO GPI
GODFREY PHILLIPS INDIA LTD. (GPI) is better known for some of its most
popular cigarette brands in the country like Four Square, Red and White,
Jaisalmer, Cavanders and Tipper; also for the Bravery Awards (earlier known as
Red & White Bravery Awards). Presently it is the second largest player in the
Indian cigarette industry; its annual turnover exceeds INR 1550 crores. Its
products are distributed over an extensive India wide network of more than 500
distributors and 800,000 retail outlets. Its Corporate Office is in Delhi and has
offices all across India in over 8 locations. Godfrey Phillips India has two major
stakeholders, one of India's leading industrial houses - the K. K. Modi Group and
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one of the world's largest tobacco companies, Philip Morris. The Company also
enjoys a strong backing of over 12,000 shareholders.
It was initially Fire Hand Tobacco Co. that was taken over by bigger Tobacco
companies and eventually by Godfrey Phillips India (estd. in Calcutta) in 1944.
This is how GPIL was established. The flagship brand was Cavanders with
Abdulla No.7, Red & White, Bombay Special, Godfrey Admiral and Ship as the
other renowned brands. GPI became a Public Limited Co. in 1946 and facilities
like Laboratory, Ambulance Room etc. were added. In 1967-68, the shares of
GPI were sold to Philip Morris Inc., New York.
Till the early 70s, GPI was known for Cavanders. Then it launched Four
Square Kings, which took the market by storm and soon became the flagship
brand of the Company.
In 1983, the company launched its motto “WE AIM TO SATISFY” and
rededicated itself to the cause of satisfying one and all who were related to the
company - customers, employees, distributors, shareholders and society.
Realizing the importance of the human factor in producing good quantity and
quality, GPI Signed an agreement with Japan Tobacco Company (an
acknowledged world leader in the management of people and machines) for the
improvement of the Andheri factory
Vision - To become a leading tobacco player in India and beyond
Values
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responsible consumers. With this in mind they have implemented WHITE – ‘We
Honor the Importance of Tobacco Etiquette’. It is an internal programme
presently because they believe that they need to set an example by practicing
the change they hope to bring.
INTRODUCTION
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as follows:
Needs Assessment occur at two levels – Group and individual level. An individual
obviously needs training when his or her performance falls short of standards,
that is, when there is performance deficiency. Inadequacy in performance may
be due to lack of skills or knowledge or any other problem. The problem of
performance deficiency caused by absence of skills and knowledge can be
remedied by training. Faulty selection, poor job design, improving quality or some
personal problem may also result in poor performance.
Assessment of training needs must also focus on anticipated skills of an
employee coping up with the technology change, increasing variety in
challenging tasks in their career path. Individuals may also require new skills
because of possible job transfers. Assessment of training needs occurs at the
group level too. Any change in the organization’s strategy necessitates training of
group of employees. The root of the TNA is the gap analysis. This is an
assessment of the gap between the knowledge, skills and attitudes that the
people in the organization currently possess and the knowledge, skills and
attitudes that they require to meet the organization’s objectives.
Types of Training:
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• • Conference
• • Lecture
• • Seminar
• • Demonstration
• • Panel
• • Role Playing
• • Case Studies
• • Simulations
• • Self-Discovery
• • Movies/Videos/Computer based Trainings
• • On-the-job training
• • Mentoring
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it is free from an artificial situation of classroom training. The training can
be made extremely specific to the employee's needs. It is highly practical
and reality based. It also helps the employee establish important
relationships with his or her supervisor or mentor. The trainee is highly
motivated to learn since he or she is aware of the fact that their success
on the job depends upon the training received.
• Off- the job training: off the job training is basically external training
which is done either in the training center of the company or it is done
outside the company by an external faculty. In GPI, off the job training is
generally preferred for either for new machinery, or for any of the self
development course.
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• Increased overtime working
• Poorer-quality applicants
• Higher recruitment cost, including advertising, time and incentives
• Greater pressure and stress on management and staff to provide cover
• Pressure on job-evaluation schemes, grading structures, payments systems, and
career structures
• Additional retention costs in the form of flexible working time, job-sharing, part-
time working, shift-working, etc
• Need for job redesign and revision of job specification
• a rise in workplace accidents
• lower performance than competitors
• benchmarking figures do not match or exceed competitors
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Start
THE TRAINING PROCESS
Individual
training needs
No
Staff OR Management cadre
worker
Yes
P.A. will form basis of need
Staff/Workmen cadre identification
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HOD responsible for identifying
training needs of its respective
dept.
No
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supposed to grade the employee’s Current level and Expected level based on
these parameters. Both Technical and Non Technical needs are identified by
evaluating the performance of the employee, education, observation and records
of the evaluation of last year’s training need as compared to the present year.
The Training Need Identification Form of each employee when submitted by the
particular department is recorded in the personnel department. The personnel
department then has to prepare a training plan and a calendar considering the
need identified by each department. Hence, they ask for a tentative plan as in
when the employees can be released for training considering the production
pressure and the problem of manpower crunch. This plan is prepared by the
Departmental In charge for the entire financial year mentioning the activities of
the entire year.
The training calendar is the final weekly plan of the activities of each department
for the whole financial year in terms of the training & development. It is prepared
considering the training plan and the need identification forms of each
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department. Apart from the course name, department, week; planned and actual
mandays are also mentioned in the training calendar.
After identifying and recording the needs of all the employees and preparing the
calendar, the personnel department notifies the particular department in the
beginning of every month about the training to be carried out for every employee
in any specific month. This bridges the communication gap and avoids the
backlog of training.
After the implementation of the training programme, a feed back form is been
filled by the trainees. These evaluation forms are supposed to be filled only in
case of external training programmes. These feedback forms contain detailed
information about the course design, relevancy, faculty, tools used, place of
training, communication with the trainer, etc.
Existing form:
This form is been used in GPI from a long time. This need identification form was
designed for all the departments in the company. The department In-charge or
the shift managers or the immediate supervisors are supposed to fill these forms.
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For every employee, a separate form (hard copy of this form) has to be filled
mentioning the areas of training to be imparted. This form contains entire
information about an employee starting from his name, token No. (four digit
employee code), experience, department, education, date and designation. This
form has to be filled in the month of March, for the next financial year beginning
from April. These forms are submitted to the personnel department in the last
week of March so that they could prepare the training plan and the training
calendar for the entire year, once the training needs are identified for each
employee. . A version of this format has been displayed in Annexure I.
It contains five broad parameters in which they were divided into five broad
aspects like:
1. Job Knowledge
2. Working proficiency
3. Self development series- 1
4. Self development series-2
5. Systems, etc
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instance, if an employee knows how to operate a machine then
understanding how to increase its productivity considering the same time limit
would be working proficiency. At GPI it also refers to the extent to which the
employee uses improvement measures while performing his duties.
• Quality Focus-
• (7QC tools, Six Sigma, Judgments Std).
• TPM (Total Preventive Measures).
• Maintenance System.
Self Development Series (SDS) contains training programs which are not
related to the individual productivity or organizational productivity but these
are for the personal development of the employee. It contains parameters
which would help the individual for their overall personality development. It is
divided into two parts – SDS 1 and SDS2. The first part contains individual
development series whereas the second part contains personality
development series.
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For Self Development Series 2 (SDS2):
• Communication Skills.
• Interpersonal Skills.
• Emotional Intelligence.
• Personality Development.
• Creativity.
Systems refer to the various Japanese systems that were introduced by the
management in the year 1993, during a visit to Japan to increase productivity,
reduce wastage, and increase the profit margins and having proper discipline
in the work area. The training for systems was classified as Awareness
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training, specialized training and updates.
This form also includes the evaluation part, which has to be filled after the
training is imparted and the results are verified after a particular period
depending upon the type of training. The evaluation part contains three
columns which are, Actual level (AL), training done – yes / no, remarks. This
has been merged into the same form so that it would be easier for a person
who fills the form to verify the CL, EL could thereby decide the AL. also, and
he can also give his remarks about the performance of that employee after
attending the training course.
Modifications required:
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Ist Version of the Re-designed Need Identification Form
This was the first version of the re-designed form. The entire form was designed
as a word format. The main issue that was looked upon was to make it
comprehensive and time consuming. Hence the entire form was made to fit it in a
single page with the parameters being the same like, Job Knowledge, Working
Proficiency, Self Development Series and Parameters. . A version of this format
has been displayed in Annexure II. These parameters were divided into
Functional/Technical and Behavioural Aspects. Job Knowledge was placed in the
Functional aspect while Working Proficiency was under Behavioural aspects.
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One parameter that was introduced in this form was “CRITICALLITY OF
TRAINING”. It can be rated a scale of 1to3, which is defined in the form. One
more parameter was added in this form which was “BY WHEN”. This parameter
explained the maximum time limit till which the employee should be trained. The
superior has to specify the quarter by when he should be trained. An example of
the same is given below.
The form also contained short information about the employee like name,
employee code, department, designation, education, experience and remarks. At
the end of this form, certain instructions were given about the definitions of
Criticality, the by-when column and the functional and Behavioural aspects.
Modifications required:
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• It should be user friendly
• A drastic change in the format may not be accepted.
IInd Version of Re-designed Need Identification Form:
Considering the suggestions of various Department I/c, and the people filling
these forms; the next version was designed in an excel format. The main layout
for the entire company was decided having the broad parameters namely, Job
Knowledge, Working Proficiency, Self Development Series and Systems. . A
version of this format has been displayed in Annexure III. Now, since it was
recommended to make the form department specific, I went to each and every
department to interview the Department I/c to get the inputs of that particular
department. These inputs contained the parameters on which training has to be
imparted to the employees of that department. An example of the same can be
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given as:
For Cigarette Making Department (CMD); the parameters in Job Knowledge
would be:
• Equipments &
Machines
• Instruments
• Auditing
techniques
• Supervisor
function
• Administration
techniques
In this version of the need identification form, a drop down box was introduced
wherein the person filling the form has to select a particular parameter from the
Job Knowledge box. Further, most of the departments required one more
parameter as a sub parameter. An example of the same can be given as:
For Cigarette Making Department (CMD); the sub-parameters in Equipments &
Machines would be:
• MARK 8/ FA III + CID/
TFU
• MARK 9/ MAX-S +
CID/ TFU
• GD 121/ AF 12/ T-10
• Special Purpose
Machine
• Pneumatics
These sub parameters could be chosen by clicking on the column next to the
machines & equipments column. These broad parameters were also categorized
on the basis on Technicians and Operatives. The simple reason being that the
training imparted to the technician and the operative has to differ with the
difference in the type of work allotted
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responsible for running of the machines. Thus the technicians are the people
who posses the basic technical know-how of the machines.
In contrast operatives are the employees who are responsible for the routine
working of the machines for daily production and are not to solve the technical
issues. The next broad parameter mentioned the form was Working Proficiency.
Even the parameters to be included under this were the inputs taken from
different departments. Rest of the three broad parameters like SDS 1, SDS2and
Systems was presented in a similar manner for all the other departments. . A
version of this format has been displayed in Annexure IV.
Modifications required:
1. Under the heading of Job Knowledge, only one parameter could get a
sub-parameter, if required. In this case, the use of Data Validation function
in Microsoft Excel was used which on selection of the parameter from the
drop down box only one would be selected. If anyone wanted to impart
training on one or more than one parameter and hence wants to include
more than one sub-parameter, they had to type the rest in the column
provided.
For instance: the Need Identification Form of Materials Department is displayed
as an example
Drop down box
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. Opened Drop down box for Job Knowledge
Where as, it was found later that some departments had two-three parameters
that required sub-parameters which the Data Validation Function was not did
not provide.
2. One more problem that arouse was that if they could have typed in the
second parameter as well, they have to rate for the two parameters by
giving rating to one parameter rather than rating the two separately, since
both fell in the same box.
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In this example, the form of materials department is displayed. Negotiation skills
is been selected from the Drop down box, whereas, Taxation is written (typed)
but the rating can be given to them commonly.
One more problem that came out lately was that one of the departments wanted
the same form to have separate columns for Operatives and for Technicians.
This was not included in any of the earlier forms. They also wanted sub-
parameters for these two levels of employees in the column of Job design
separately.
IIIrd Version of the Re-designed Need Identification Form:
This form was re-designed in order to overcome the modifications of the previous
form. Hence, the overall format was not changed but minor changes were made.
In the broad parameters like Job Knowledge, the data validation function has
been removed and a filter has been placed there so that multiple option function
would work. But that was not possible in more than one parameter. Hence it was
formed as in a manner as if every thing from the old format was as it is
transferred to an excel sheet, by making it department specific. Also, it was not
user-friendly. The cells were merged in each parameter, so that if there is more
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than one sub-parameter, all of them can be rated separately. But then the
problem was that since all the sub-parameters. . A version of this format has
been displayed in Annexure V.
Multiple
-Selection
Option
The rows which are added to rate the multiple selected sub –
parameters, if required.
To overcome the second problem of the previous form, that was giving separate
rows for each sub-parameter, this was done as mentioned above.
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IVth Version of the Re-designed Need Identification Form:
This is the final version of the form that was re-designed considering the
modifications that were required in the previous versions. A version of this format
has been displayed in Annexure VI
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are being involved in the re-designing process.
• The objectiveness of the form has increased since the use of drop down
box, multiple selection option, etc has added which reduces the typing
work.
• It was observed in the third version of the form that there were some
departments which required more insights to the sub – parameters. A
separate column was allotted for the same with a drop down box.
For instance; the following form is designed for Research & Development
(R&D) which includes separate columns for Staff and for Operatives.
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MANAGERS NEED IDENTIFICATION FORM:
As per the requirements, there was a need for a separate need identification form
for the managers. Earlier there was no need identification form for managers.
Hence, a form was designed taking into consideration the difference in the type
of training required by a worker and a manager. This would mean that a worker
would require training on a particular machine or training for on working on a
system like six sigma with its implications in his work area; whereas a manager
would require training on Effective use of IT and equipment, esp. communication,
planning and reporting systems. A format of this form has been displayed in
Annexure VII. This form was a consolidated excel sheet for the entire company
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instead of making it department specific since there were less managers and
above in a particular department.
CL and for EL
The inputs were taken from each and every department on interviewing the
heads of each department. The columns that were included here were Skills
required, individual name, total of the grades of an individual and his average,
the department’s total and average. Apart from this CL (Current Level) and EL
(Expected Level) were also included in this sheet.
Two graphical sheets were attached to the main excel file. One indicated the
department’s requirement about the all the skills and second sheet about an
individuals requirement as compared to his colleges.
Same as this sheet, the second graphical sheet i.e. graphical representation
indicating the overall Organization’s need to a particular skill can be identified.
TRAINING PLAN:
The training plan consists of the employee name; code no.; department; training
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course, as identified from the need identified form; mandays required for that
particular employee; mandays required for that are required for that course; total
mandays planned; actual mandays; mandays that have not been planned but
have been completed in that month; plan differed, etc.
For instance, the following is the Training Plan of Primary Making Department
(PMD) of the year 2007-08.
A consolidated training plan for OHSAS 18001/2007 and ISO 14001/2004 was
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prepared for the financial year 2008-09which included all the departments. The
contents of this plan were, category of employees (i.e. Operative, Technicians,
Staff, Workmen, Manager and Departmental I/c); name of the training course;
department; number of employees to be trained; duration per days (hrs.);
mandays – planned and actual; plan differed; not planned but actual in the
month; month in which the training has to be imparted and the company wide
total (mandays) across all the departments. The mail course of OHSAS and ISO
14000 was broken down into various insights specially designed for each
category of employees as per their work and designation.
The training calendar is a weekly planner of the activities of each department for
the whole financial year. It is prepared considering the training plan and the need
identification forms of each department. Apart from the course name,
department, week; planned and actual mandays are also mentioned in the
training calendar. The format of the training calendar is given in the Annexure IX.
While constructing a training calendar, the managers were asked as when they
want their employees to get trained considering the manpower crunch and the
production pressure. For a training calendar to be effective, it needs to be
tailored for the organization’s real needs. Training calendars are best suited to
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repeatable and regular demand, such as refresher skills training for infrequently
performed technical tasks and for new recruits joining the organization.
Planned
Manday
s
Actual
Manday
s
Feedback Form:
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strongly agree.
For instance:
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The redesigned feedback form was made short and the ratings and all the
parameters were changed. The parameters were: Structure of course, Course
Material, Teaching Faculty, Hands-on Sessions, Faculty’s Interaction with
participant, Usefulness, Overall Impression, etc.
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Research: It helps in ascertaining the relationship between acquired knowledge,
transfer of knowledge at the work place, and training.
Feedback
Power
Research
Control: It helps in controlling the training program because if the training is not
effective, then it can be dealt with accordingly.
Power games: At times, the top management (higher authoritative employee)
uses the evaluative data to manipulate it for their own benefits.
Intervention: It helps in determining that whether the actual outcomes are
aligned with the expected outcomes.
4 Level Training Outcomes (based on by Donald Kirkpatrick1976) are:
Reactions: Did employees like the training, think it was useful,
Learning: Did employees learn anything new?
Job Behaviour: Do trainees behave any differently back on the job?
Results: Did the training have the desired outcome?
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• Techniques of Evaluation:
The various methods of training evaluation are as follows:
• Observation
• Questionnaire
• Interview
• Self diaries
• Self recording of specific incidents
Requirement Sheet:
The Requirement sheet is comprehensive sheet which provides the inputs and
the requirements that has to be provided to prepare proper training software to
revamp the entire training process.
Training software will provide a single window interface to access the various
training heads such as TNI, Training Plan, Training Calendar, Training Evaluation
& Training Record by means of tabs.
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Training Need Identification:
o Satisfying the basic auditing needs. For example showing the current level
and expected level to be a part of the form in some format or another
o Ability to view the list of training needs identified for any particular
employee or department
o Ability to view the list of total number of employees for whom a specific
training need has been identified
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automatically from the training plan sheets of all the departments
Training Calendar:
o The training need identification form for each department along with the
training plan to be integrated with the training calendar of the respective
departments to avoid manual preparation of the calendar.
Training Evaluation:
o Ability to view the list of trainings imparted to any particular employee right
from the date of his joining the organization along with the training need
identified for him in the current year
o Ability to view the list of total number of employees for whom a specific
training need has been identified
CONCLUSION:
To streamline the Training & Development process at GPI, the need to revamp
almost all the components of T & D i.e. TNI form, Training Plan, Training
Calendar, Training Evaluation, Training Records and Training Reports, was felt.
After discussion with my project guide and the HOD of HR department it was
decided that to better serve the company’s objectives within the perspective of
T&D, the company must look for dedicated professionally designed software
program to achieve this objective. I was asked to prepare a comprehensive
requirement sheet from my understanding of the training process which would
become the basis for discussion with the software vendor for desired functionality
of the software program. I started working for the requirement sheet but had to
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leave because of the completion of stipulated duration of my training. The HR/
Personnel department will further review this requirement sheet and a final
comprehensive sheet will be prepared after discussion with all the department
I/Cs and top management.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
• GPI Manuals of Training & Development
• www.citehr.com
Annexure I
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( Equipments, Machineries, Utilities, 1:
Functional knowledge in terms of (Motivation & Goal Setting, Leadership,
Administrative Support, etc) Time Management, Team Building.)
1.
1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
Systems: Systems:
ISO 9000, ISO 14000, Kaizen Teian ISO 9000, ISO 14000, Kaizen Teian
Safety, 5S, OHSAS. Safety, 5S, OHSAS.
1. 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
Remarks:
(HOD/Dept.I/C)’s Signature:
CRITICALITY:
1. Good to know.
2. Medium Criticality would help in better performance, not immediate.
3. High Criticality, required at the earliest for performing on the job.
Note: Please note that “3” (High Criticality) may not be given to more then 1 per year
Functional/Technical Training:
These are the training inputs essential for effectively performing the roles and
responsibilities of a Job as per KRA. These may also be inputs for learning new skills
required for new responsibilities.
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Behavioural Training:
These are the training inputs required for the enhancement of soft-skills and continuously
achieve Personal Development.