Digital Signal Processing

Author: Sajag Satayu Prasad Singh

IInd year B.Tech (ECE)

Kalasalingam University

Tamilnadu

1. AIM Number of DSP Manufacturer = 20 +

The theme of this paper is to give the basic
introduction and fundamental concept of Digital
Signal Processing (DSP) and to make the
audience for learning further DSP. To give the
platform to the audience for planning their
career in the field of DSP.
2. INTRODUCTION
Highest MIPS (Millions of Instructions Per
Second) rating> 4000 MIPS
Approx. Salary for skilled DSP Engineer:
$70000
These statistical figures represent the wide range
and scope of career in DSP. Let’s enter in DSP.

DSP stands for Digital Signal Processing. It was

innovated around 1960. It has lot of applications
in different field and today we can’t imagine the
world without DSP. Electronics can’t be
imagined without DSP. To understand, what’s
special in DSP!, just this presentation is
designed.
Before going to any new field, we need to know
the importance of that field. Here is some
statistical data of DSP, which will give the
importance of DSP.
3. WHAT IS SIGNAL PROCESSING?
Signal Processing means to manipulate the
signal. What is the need of Processing? To send
the signal from one place to another place, this is
required. In other case Signal processing is
required for transform the signal from one form
to another form. There are two types of signal
processing.
1) Analog Signal Processing (ASP)
2) Digital Signal Processing (DSP)

Values of DSP devices Sold in 2010 = $ 1) Analog Signal Processing:

7,000,000,000
In such type of processing, the input, output and
system all are analog in nature. The best
example of this signal processing is Public
Address System. In this system, the sound signal
is converted into low amplitude electric signal
with the help of microphone. Such signal is then
amplified by an amplifier .The amplified signal
is given to the speaker. The speaker then
converts the signal to sound wave which are
very loud. Since everything is analog in nature.
Hence this is example of Analog Signal
Processing.
2) Digital Signal Processing:
In this type of signal processing, the data is
digital .One of the best example of DSP is
Thumb Print Analysis. Here the input is noisy
thumb print image. Output is filtered or
noiseless thumb print image. The filtering
operation is done by a digital signal processor or
computer. Since everything is digital in nature,
hence it is example of digital signal processing.
4. BASIC ELEMENT OF DSP
The basic element of a Digital Signal Processing
System is shown in the figure.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF DSP SYSTEM
Most of the signal generated is analog in nature.
For example- sound, video, temperature,
pressure etc. If this signal is processed by DSP,
then this signal must be digitized. Hence the
input is given to analog to digital converter and
output is obtained through the digital to analog
converter.
Analog to Digital Converter: this converts
analog input to digital input and processed by
DSP system. it also determines sampling rate
and quantization error in digitizing operation.
Digital Signal Processor: DSP processor is a
super fast chip computer, which is optimized for
detection, processing and generation of real
world signal s such as voice, video, music etc.
The DSP processor performs some operation
such as filtering, spectral analysis and feature
extraction. The DSP processor has special
architectural feature due to which DSP
operations are implemented fast on it compared
to general purpose microprocessor.
Digital to Analog Converter: Some of the
signals like sound, video, image are required
back to analog form. Hence Digital TO Analog
Converter converts digital signal to analog
signal.
Hence most of the DSP system uses the three
basic elements discussed since majority of
application having analog signal.
5. WHY DSP IS PREFERRED OVER
ASP?
There are following reasons due to which DSP is
preferred over ASP.
1) Flexibility
2).Accuracy
3) Easy Storage
4).Mathematical processing
5) Cost
6) Repeatability
7) Adaptability
8) Universal Compatibility
6. APPLICATONS OF DSP
To understand the application of DSP just
imagine the below described field. How was that
before 1960? There are following field in which
DSP can be applied presently.
1) DSP for voice and speech: Speech
recognition, voice mail, speech coding, speaker
verification, speech enhancement, text to speech
are the applications. One of the example is mp3
player .in this everything is implemented.
2) DSP for Telecommunications: In this field,
there is lots of application. Communication
device can’t be designed without DSP. FAX,
Cellular phone, video conferencing, spectrum
communications, packet switching, echo
cancellation, digital EPBAXs, ADPCM
transponders, channel multiplexing, MODEMs,
adaptive equalizers, data encryptions and line
repeaters are the field in which DSP is
frequently used.
3) DSP for consumer applications: Any type
of digital device like audio, video system, toys
etc. can be made with the help of DSP.
4) DSP for Medical Applications: In medical
field, DSP is used in Hearing AIDS ,Patient
monitoring, Ultrasound Equipment, Diagnostic
tools, Prosthetics , Fetal monitor , X-rays , CT
scan etc.
5) DSP for Instrumentation: Patten matching,
Spectrum analysis, Function generation, Seismic
processing, transient analysis, Digital filtering,
Phase-locked loops etc. are the field in which
DSP is applied frequently.
6) DSP for control system: Disk control, Servo
Control, robot control, Laser control is the field
in which DSP is applied.
8) DSP for Industrial applications: Robotics,
Numerical control, Security access, Power line
monitors, CNC are the field in which the DSP is
applied.
9) DSP for Graphics/Imaging: 3-D rotations,
Robot vision, Image compression/transmission,
pattern recognition, Image enhancement,
Homomorphism processing, Work station,
Animation, Digital map are the field in which
DSP can be applied.
10) DSP for Automotive: Engine control,
vibration analysis, Antiskid breaks, Adaptive
ride control, Global Positioning, Navigation,
Voice Commands, Digital Radio, Cellular
telephone etc. are the field in which DSP are
used.
11. CONCLUSIONS
The above discussed applications of DSP are
frequently used. There are lots of inventions,
which are going on in the field of DSP. Now I
want to conclude the presentation by saying that,
DSP is one of the hottest career options. We can
choose any of the above described field in DSP
and be thorough for getting good job.
REFERENCES:
1) ‘THE DSP HANBOOK’ by ‘Andrew
Bateman, Lain Paterson- Stephens.
Pearson Educations.
2) “Digital Signal Processing” by ‘
J.S.Chitode’ technical publications
,pune
3) www.vtubooks.com
4) www.dspstores.com