318B Pump Flow Test

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Product: EXCAVATOR
Model: 317 EXCAVATOR 4MM00269
Configuration: 317 & 317N Excavators 4MM00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY 3054 Engine
Testing and Adjusting

317 & 317N EXCAVATORS HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
Media Number -SENR6296-01 Publication Date -04/04/1996 Date Updated -12/10/2001
Testing And Adjusting
Introduction
This manual contains information on the troubleshooting procedures of the hydraulic systems in
the 317 excavators. For troubleshooting the engine components, refer to the module Systems
Operation, Testing And Adjusting, Basic Engine Components 3054 Engine, SENR5816.
Checking Procedures
In each checking procedure, it is assumed that the engine operation is normal unless otherwise
specified.
Electronic Control System

The monitor and electronic controller are the main components of the electronic control system.
The monitor and electronic controller have a self diagnostic function. Self diagnostic checks of the
monitor, electronic controller, and the communication line between them are the first steps when
troubleshooting the problem(s) in the electronic system.
Action alarm indicators on the monitor panel, alert an operator to a problem in the electronic
system. The controller service program "Data Mode" can also be used to identify the problems
(see the section of this module "Data Mode"). If the service program is activated during machine
operation, problem(s) that are monitored by the monitoring system are indicated on the character
display. If the service program is activated when the machine operation is stopped, all existing
problems and past problems (problems that have not been corrected) are indicated on the character
display. To activate the controller service program "Data Mode", refer to the "Data Mode" Form
SENR6155
Reference: For information on operation of the "Data Mode", make reference to: "Systems
Operation, Testing And Adjusting, Engine And Pump Electronic Control System", Form
SENR6155.
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Operational Tests
If the electronic power unit control system display indicates it is operating correctly, then do
operational tests. Operate the machine, following the procedures described in the section
"Hydraulic System Testing And Adjusting". Compare the results of the operational tests with
specifications to determine the extent of the trouble. In operational tests, it is important to
determine whether or not enough hydraulic force or implement speed is a problem that extends
over the entire machine or with only a specific operation.
If there are any faults in the circuits between the main or pilot pumps and the control valves, the
overall performance of the machine will decrease. This type of problem in the hydraulic system is
not detected by the self diagnostic functions of the electronic control system described above (no
action alarm indication on character display.). To detect such a problem, it is necessary to check
the flow characteristics of the pumps, the main relief pressure, pilot pressure, etc.
Hydraulic oil pressure can remain in the hydraulic systems on this

machine after the engine and pump have been stopped. Serious injury
can be caused if this pressure is not released before any service is done
on the hydraulic systems. To prevent possible injury, refer to section,
Release Of Pressure In The Hydraulic System, before any fitting, hose
or component is loosened, tightened, removed or adjusted. When
possible, the bucket must always be lowered to the ground before
service is started. When it is necessary for the boom to be in the raised
position while tests or adjustments are done, be sure that boom, stick
and bucket have correct support. Always move the machine to a
location away from the travel of other machines. Be sure that other
personnel are not near the machine when the engine is running and
tests or adjustments are being made.
During diagnosis of the hydraulic system, remember that correct oil temperature, flow, and
pressure are necessary for correct operation. Pump output (oil flow) is a function of engine speed
(rpm). Oil pressure is caused by resistance to the flow of oil.
Visual Checks
A visual inspection of the system is the first step when troubleshooting a problem. Make the
inspection with the engine off and the implements lowered to the ground.
1. Check the level of the oil in the hydraulic tank. Slowly loosen the hydraulic tank pressure cap
and release the pressure before the fill/vent plug is removed.
2. Remove the filter element and check it for material that would give an indication of damage to a
component.
3. Inspect all lines and connections for damage or leaks.
4. Inspect control linkage for bent, broken, or damaged components.
Checks During Operation

The checks during operation can be used to find leakage in the system. They can also be used to
find a valve, pump, motor, or cylinder that is not working correctly. The speed of rod movement
or the torque on a motor can be used to check the condition of the cylinders, motors, and pumps.
Operational Tests
NOTE: For specifications given in "Operational Tests", a "NEW" specification is the performance
that can be expected for a new machine. A "REBUILD" specification is the performance target to
use after rebuilding the components of a system. A machine that performs beyond "Service Limit"
specifications should be checked for improper maintenance or adjustment, component wear, or
failure.
Specifications given in charts for a machine equipped with 5100 mm (16 ft 9 in) boom, 2600 mm
(8 ft 6 in) stick, and SAE 0.65 m3 (7/8 yd3) bucket.
NOTE: The power mode selector switch must be placed at MODE III position and the work mode
selector switch be in BOOM PRIORITY MODE position, unless otherwise specified, during tests.
Operational Test Preparations
1. Verify engine speed:
Excavator with no load at high idle, 2180 ± 80 rpm
2. Increase hydraulic oil temperature to: 55 ± 5°C (131 ± 9°F)
NOTE: Fully move the stick in and out several times until the normal hydraulic oil temperature is
reached.
3. Insure relief valve pressure settings are set according to specification.
Reference: Make reference to the section in this module "Relief Valves", "Specifications".
Straight Travel Test
Determining if there is a deviation to the right or left during straight travel can identify a problem
with the travel motors or main pumps.
Test Preparation:
1. Set engine speed and increase the hydraulic oil temperature to the normal operating
temperature.
Reference: Make reference to the section "Operation Tests Preparation"
2. Travel test ground must be hard and as level as possible, and at least 25 m (82.5 ft) long.
3. Draw a 25 m (82.5 ft) straight line on travel test ground as a reference line.
4. Position the machine so that one track is in line (parallel) with the reference line. Put the
machine in the travel test position as shown in the illustration.
5. The bucket must be empty.
Test Procedure:
1. Start the engine and place the power mode selector switch in MODE III position. Place the
engine speed dial at position "10" and the travel speed switch in HIGH (rabbit) position. Move the
machine by operating both travel levers at the same time.
2. The first 5 m (16.5 ft) are for a preliminary run.
3. Measure the travel deviation from the reference line.
NOTE: The following chart represents the travel deviation from the reference line:
NOTE: If the travel deviation from the reference line is beyond the specification then the travel
motors and main pumps may need adjustment.
Component Test:
To determine if the travel motors need adjustment do the following procedure:
2. The first 5 m (16.5 ft) are for a preliminary run.
3. While in straight travel extend the bucket cylinder.
If the forward travel no longer drifts to one side the problem is with the travel pumps, motors or
swivel. If the machine continues to drift while extending the bucket cylinder then check the
adjustment of the main pumps, swivel, or control valves.
Travel Test On Level Ground
Test Preparation:
temperature.
2. Travel test ground must be hard and as level as possible, and at least 25 m (82.5 ft) long.
3. Draw a 25 m (82.5 ft) straight line on travel test ground as a reference line.
4. Position the machine so that one track is in line (parallel) with the reference line. Put the
machine in the travel test position as shown in the illustration.
5. The bucket must be empty.
Test Procedure:
2. The first 5 m (16.5 ft) are for a preliminary run. Measure the time required for the machine to
travel the remaining 20 m (66 ft) in each direction (forward and reverse).
3. Measure the travel deviation from the reference line.
4. Repeat the above procedure with the travel speed switch in LOW (turtle) position.
NOTE: The following chart represents the time (in seconds) it should take to complete the 20 m
(66 ft) test run:
Travel Speed (Optional Test)

NOTE: If suitable ground (as stated in Step No.2 in "Test Preparation" for "Travel On Level
Ground") cannot be found, the following test should be done as a substitute:
Test Preparation:
temperature.
2. Place the machine on level ground.
3. Raise a track for the test as shown in the illustration.
4. Put a mark on a shoe of the raised track.
Test Procedure:
1. Start the engine and place the power mode selector switch in POWER MODE III position. Run
the raised track with the engine speed dial at position "10" (HIGH IDLE) and the travel speed
switch in HIGH (rabbit) position.
2. Measure the time required for the track to make three complete turns (revolutions) in each
direction (forward and reverse).
3. Repeat the above procedure with the travel speed switch in LOW (turtle) position.
Drift On A Slope
Measuring the amount of drift of the machine on a slope will determine if there is a need to check
the travel brake.
Test Preparation:
1. Place the machine on a slope of 12°. The slope surface must be hard and smooth.
2. Put the implements in the position shown in the illustration.
3. Bucket should be empty.
Test Procedure:
317 & 317N Excavators 4MM00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY 3054 Engin... Page 10 of 60
1. Put marks on both track and ground to indicate its relative position to the slope.
2. Stop the engine and time three minutes (using a stopwatch).
3. Measure (with a scale) the distance the tracks have moved on the slope.
Swing Speed And Over Swing (On Level Ground)
Measuring the swing speed and over swing of the machine will determine if there is a need to
check the swing motor and/or anti-reaction valve.
Test Preparation:
temperature.
2. Place the machine on level ground as shown in the illustration.
3. Put two marks, one above the other on both inner and outer races of the swing bearing to
indicate relation of two positions.
4. The bucket should be empty.
Test Procedure (Over Swing):
1. Start the engine and place the power mode selector switch in POWER MODE III position.
Place the engine speed dial at position "10" (HIGH IDLE).
2. Move the swing control lever to the RIGHT or LEFT positions until the machine completes a
360° swing operation. Return the swing control lever to the NEUTRAL position at the end of the
360° swing operation and measure the amount of over swing by measuring the distance between
the marks on the swing bearing.
NOTE: Use a reference point that is visible from the operator's seat as a indicator of when to stop
the 360° rotation.
Test Procedure (Speed):
Move the swing control lever to the LEFT or RIGHT positions and measure the time it takes to
complete a 180° swing operation.
Swing Speed And Drift (On A Slope)
Measuring the swing speed on a slope will determine if there is a need to check the swing motor
and/or anti-reaction valve. Measuring the swing drift on a slope will determine if there is a need to
check the swing parking brake.
Test Preparation:
1. Place the machine on a 12° slope.
2. Place the implements at maximum reach and fill the bucket with soil. The bucket should be
positioned above the ground to clear any obstructions.
Test Procedure (Speed):
1. Stop the machine on a slope of 12°. Place the upper structure at a 90° angle to the lower
structure as shown in the illustration.
2. Measure the time needed to swing the upper structure 90° counterclockwise. Do the same for a
90° swing clockwise.
Test Procedure (Drift):
1. Stop the machine on a slope of 12°.
2. Place the upper structure at a 90° angle to the tracks as shown in the illustration.
3. Put marks on the inner and outer races of the swing bearing.
4. Stop the engine.
5. Leave the machine in this position for three minutes, and measure swing drift on the
circumference of the swing bearing.
6. Rotate the upper structure 180° from the original position as described in Step 1.
7. Repeat Steps 2 through 5.
Cylinder Drift
Test Preparation:
temperature.
2. Place the machine on level ground as shown in the illustration.
3. Fill the bucket with soil.
Test Procedure (For Boom And Stick Cylinders):
1. Fully extend the bucket cylinder.
2. Fully retract the stick cylinder.
3. Raise the boom until its upper surface becomes parallel to the ground.
4. Measure the boom and stick cylinder's length from pin to pin.
5. Stop the engine.
6. Leave the machine in this position for three minutes, then measure each cylinder's length from
pin to pin for drift.
Test Procedure (For Bucket Cylinder):
1. Fully extend the bucket cylinder.
2. Raise the boom high enough until the stick is perpendicular to the ground.
3. Measure the bucket cylinder's length from pin to pin.
4. Stop the engine.
5. Leave the machine in this position for three minutes, then measure the bucket cylinder's length
from pin to pin for drift.
Cylinder Operating Speed
Test Preparation:
1. Place the machine on level ground.
2. Bucket must be empty.
Test Procedure (Boom Cylinders):
1. Fully retract bucket and stick cylinders.
Extension test;
Measure the time required for the boom cylinders to reach full extension position starting with the
bucket on the ground.
Retraction test;
Measure the time required for the bucket to come in contact with the ground from the full
extension position of the boom cylinders.
Test Procedure (Stick Cylinder):
1. Position the upper surface of the boom parallel to the ground and fully extend the bucket
cylinder.
Extension test;
Measure the time required for the stick cylinder to reach full extension position from full
retraction position.
Retraction test;
Measure the time required for the stick cylinder to reach full retraction position from full
extension position.
Test Procedure (Bucket Cylinder):
1. Position the upper surface of the boom parallel and the stick perpendicular to the ground.
Extension test;
Measure the time required for the bucket cylinder to reach full extension position from full
retraction position.
Retraction test;
Measure the time required for the bucket cylinder to reach full retraction position from full
extension position.
Control Valve Shift Pressure Test

Introduction
The control valves spools must shift at the proper pilot supply pressure. Proper shifting prevents
interaction between the main control valves, the stick II and boom II valves, insures
controllability, and makes certain the main control valve spool is shifting completely.
This test provides a means for checking the main control valve for the correct shift actuation
pressures.
Check control valve shifting pressure.
a. Place the machine on level ground and stop the engine.
b. Release the pressure in the hydraulic system. See the section in this module, "Release Of
Pressure In The Hydraulic System".
Main Control Valve

(1) Stick II control valve. (2) Bucket control valve. (3) Boom I control valve. (4) Attachment control valve. (5) Right
travel control valve. (6) Left travel control valve. (7) Swing control valve. (8) Stick I control valve. (9) Boom II
control valve.
c. Install a swivel tee fitting into the pilot signal line of the circuit being tested.
d. Connect a 4000 kPa (580 psi) gauge to the tee.
Pump Compartment
(10) Tap (rear pump). (11) Tap (front pump).
e. Install 60 000 kPa (8700 psi) gauges at tap (10) and tap (11) on the front and rear pumps.
Main Control Valve

(12) Elbow. (13) Line (swing brake pilot signal).
f. If testing the travel circuit, block the tracks to prevent movement. If testing swing, prevent the
swing parking brake from releasing by disconnecting the pilot signal line (13) from elbow (12)
and plug. Leave line (13) open to the air.
g. Increase the hydraulic system temperature to the normal operating temperature.
h. Slowly move the pilot control of the circuit being tested and observe when the pump supplying
the flow to the circuit begins to show an increase in pressure or when the implement begins to
move.
i. When the pump pressure begins to increase or the implement begins to move, check the pilot
signal pressure to the main control valve.
j. If checking boom RAISE pilot supply pressure, continue to move the pilot control lever while
watching for the pressure to increase at the rear pump tap (10). The instant there is an increase in
pressure at the rear pump, check the pilot signal pressure to the main control valve.
k. If checking stick OUT pilot supply pressure, continue to move the pilot control lever while
watching for the pressure to increase at the front pump, check the pilot signal pressure to the main
control valve.
l. Continue to move the pilot control lever until the implement has reached maximum travel
position (tracks blocked to prevent movement or swing brake release signal disconnected).
m. Return the pilot control lever to its NEUTRAL position.
n. Slowly move the pilot control lever of the circuit being tested in the direction of the bottomed
implement.
o. The instant the pump reaches main system relief pressure [23 000 kPa (3350 psi) swing, 31 400
kPa (4550 psi) implement, or 34 300 kPa (5000 psi) travel], check the pilot signal pressure of the
circuit being tested.
Expected Result:
* At approximately 700 kPa (100 psi) pilot signal pressure the pressure should begin to
increase at gauge of the pump supplying flow to circuit being tested or movement of an
implement may be seen (initial movement of the boom LOWER, stick IN, and bucket
CLOSE functions may not cause an increase in pump pressure because gravity will cause
them to move).
* If boom RAISE or stick IN or OUT is the function being tested, at approximately 1100
kPa (160 psi) pilot signal pressure the pressure should begin to increase at the second pump.
* At approximately 2200 kPa (320 psi) pilot signal pressure the pump(s) should be at
system relief pressure indicating the main control valve spool has completely shifted.
Swing Motor Case Drain Test

Introduction
Internal leakage of the swing motor (case drain leakage) can be an indication of the condition of
the motor. Excessive case drain leakage could lead to swing control, speed, and force complaints.
Check swing motor case drain leakage.
Swing Gear
(1) Mark (upper structure). (2) Mark (lower structure). (3) Mark (lower structure).
a. Place the machine on level ground and position the upper structure straight ahead so a bolt in
the upper structure is aligned with a bolt in the lower as shown.
b. Place mark (1) at the bolt in the upper structure.
c. Place mark (2) on the lower structure so that it is midway between the second and third bolts.
Place mark (3) on the lower structure so that it is midway between the third and fourth bolts of the
lower structure.
d. Release the pressure in the hydraulic system. See the section in this module, "Release Of
Main Control Valve

(4) Elbow. (5) Line (swing parking brake signal).
e. Disconnect pilot signal line (5) from swing brake control housing elbow (4) and cap line (5).
Leave elbow (4) at the swing brake control housing open.
Swing Motor
(6) Line (swing motor case drain).
f. Disconnect swing motor case drain line (6) from the motor and block the line.
g. Connect the vinyl hose to the swing motor case drain port and place the other end in a suitable
container.
h. Increase the hydraulic oil temperature to the normal operating temperature.
i. Move the swing pilot control lever to the full LEFT or RIGHT swing position.
j. Measure the case drain leakage for 15 seconds while holding the swing pilot control lever in the
full swing position (at swing system relief pressure).
k. Release the pressure in the hydraulic system. See the section in this module, "Release Of
l. Reconnect swing parking brake pilot signal line (5) to the swing brake control housing elbow
(4).
m. Move the upper structure so that mark (1) is aligned with mark (2) on the lower structure.
n. Repeat Steps d, e, i, and j.
o. Repeat Steps k, and l.
p. Move the upper structure so that mark (1) is aligned with mark (3) on the lower structure.
q. Repeat Steps d, e, i, and j.
r. Calculate the average the three case drain measurements. (Add the three case drain
measurements and then divide them by 3. Multiply the result by 4 to determine the amount of case
drain flow per minute.)
Expected Result:
The average of the case drain measurements should be 15 liter/min (4.0 U.S.gpm) for a new
motor, 17 liter/min (4.5 U.S.gpm) for a rebuilt motor and a service limit of 20 liter/min (5.3
U.S.gpm).
Travel Motor Case Drain Test

Introduction
Internal leakage of the travel motor (case drain leakage) can be an indication of the condition of
the motor. Excessive case drain leakage could lead to travel stall at high drive pressures.
Measure travel motor case drain leakage.
a. Place the machine on a level surface and stop the engine.
b. Release the pressure in the hydraulic system. See the section in this module, "Release Of
Travel Motor
(1) Line (travel motor case drain).
c. Disconnect drain line (1) from the connector at the travel motor being tested and install a plug
(9/16-18UN) in the open end of drain line (1).
d. Connect one end of the vinyl hose to the connector at the motor and place the other end into a
suitable container.
e. Start the engine.
f. Set the engine speed dial at position "10" and the power mode selector switch in MODE III
position.
g. Increase the hydraulic oil temperature to the normal operating temperature.
2. Install the 5P-6214 track block assembly to prevent the track being tested from moving.
i. Move the travel pilot control pedal (lever) of the travel to be tested to the full FORWARD
position.
j. Hold the travel pedal (lever) at the full FORWARD position for 15 seconds and measure the
amount of case drain oil.
k. Remove the 5P-6214 Track Block Assembly and move the machine FORWARD 1/8 turn (45°)
of the track sprocket.
l. Repeat steps h through j.
m. Remove the 5P-6214 Track Block Assembly and move the machine FORWARD another 1/8
turn (45°) of the track sprocket.
n. Repeat steps h through j.
o. Calculate the average of the three case drain measurements. (Add the three measurements and
divide by 3. Multiply the results by 4 to determine amount of case drain per minute).
Expected Result:
The average of the case drain measurements should be 20 liter/min. (5.3 U.S.gpm) for a new
motor, 23 liter/min. (6.1 U.S.gpm) for a rebuilt motor and a service limit of 26 liter/min. (6.9
U.S.gpm).
Release Of Pressure In The Hydraulic System

Release the pressure in the implement hydraulic circuits (boom, stick, and bucket) before any
hydraulic lines or components are disconnected or removed.
1. Fully retract the stick cylinder rod.
2. Adjust the position of the bucket so that it will be flat on the ground when the boom is lowered.
3. Lower the boom until the bucket is flat on the ground.
4. Shut off the engine and put the hydraulic activation control lever in the UNLOCK position.
5. Move the control levers for boom, stick, and swing to all FULL STROKE positions. This will
release any pressure that might be present in the pilot system.
6. Slowly loosen the air vent plug on the hydraulic tank and release the pressure.
7. Tighten the air vent plug on the hydraulic tank.
8. The pressure in the hydraulic system has been released and lines and components can be
removed.
Release Of Air From Main Pumps

When the main pumps have been serviced or the hydraulic oil replaced, remove air from the
hydraulic system as follows:
NOTICE
No attempt should be made to start the engine until the main pumps
have been filled with hydraulic oil, or serious damage can be caused to
hydraulic components.
Pump Compartment
(1) Air vent plug.
1. With the engine stopped, disconnect hose (1) from the top of the main pump. Leave the hose
disconnected for several minutes until the main pumps are filled with oil. Connect hose (1) to the
top of the main pumps and start the engine in low idle and fully raise the boom and hold it in this
position.
2. Stop the engine and slowly lower the boom until the bucket is on the ground. This pressurizes
the hydraulic tank.
3. Slowly loosen hose (1) until oil flows out of the hose opening. This is an indication that the air
has been released from the pump.
4. Tighten the air vent plug to the specified torque.
Pressure Adjustment
Specifications
NOTE: A new or rebuilt machine must perform according to New or Rebuild specifications. A
machine that performs beyond Service Limit Specifications must be checked for improper
adjustment, wear, or damage of relief valves or pumps.
Hydraulic Component Layout

(1) Right travel motor. (2) Pilot oil manifold. (3) Main control valves. (4) Swing motor. (5) Boom. (6) Cab. (7) Left
travel motor.
Adjustment Procedures
NOTE: Values given above are approximate. Use a pressure gauge for adjustment.
Relief Valve Adjustment Preparation
Pump Compartment
(1) Tap (power shift pressure). (2) Tap (front pump). (3) Tap (rear pump).
1. Place the machine on level ground and stop the engine.
2. Release the pressure in the hydraulic system according to the section, "Release Of Pressure In
The Hydraulic System".
3. Connect 60 000 kPa (8700 psi) pressure gauge to either the main pump tap (2) or tap (3).
4. Connect a 4000 kPa (580 psi) pressure gauge to tap (1).
5. Start the engine and move the stick IN and OUT to its FULL TRAVEL position. Do this
operation several times until the hydraulic oil temperature reaches 55 ± 5°C (131 ± 9°F).
6. Place the power mode selector switch in MODE III position.
7. Place the engine speed dial at position "10". Make sure that engine speed under a no load
condition is 2180 ± 80 rpm and the AEC switch is in the OFF position. (Read rpm after an elapse
of 3 seconds once the speed dial has been placed in position "10".)
Pilot Relief Valve Adjustment
Preparation
Pump Compartment
Pilot Oil Manifold Compartment

(25) Tap. (pilot pump delivery pressure). (26) Screw. (27) Locknut. (28) Pilot relief valve.
2. Release the pressure in the hydraulic system. See the section, "Release Of Pressure In The
Hydraulic System".
3. Connect a 4000 kPa (580 psi) pressure gauge to tap (25).
4. Start the engine and move the stick IN and OUT to its FULL TRAVEL position. Do this
operation several times until the hydraulic oil temperature reaches 55 ± 5°C (131 ± 9°F).
5. Place the power mode selector switch in MODE III position.
6. Place the engine speed dial at position "10". Check that engine speed under no load is at
specified rpm with AEC switch in the OFF position. (Read rpm 3 seconds after the speed dial
switch has been placed in position "10".)
NOTE: See the section, "Operational Test Preparations" for the specified engine rpm for dial
position "10".
NOTE: Normal operations (see characteristic curve) of the engine and pumps are necessary for
the pressure adjustment. If the results of the pressure adjustment are not correct, then the engine
and pump characteristic curve needs to be checked.
Adjustment Procedure
1. Loosen locknut (27) of pilot relief valve (28).
2. Turn screw (26) until the pressure gauge at tap (25) reads 3450 ± 200 kPa (500 ± 30 psi)
Reference: Turning screw (26) clockwise increases the pressure and turning screw (26)
counterclockwise decreases the pressure.
Tighten locknut (27) to a torque of 16 ± 1 N·m (12 ± 1 lb ft).
NOTE: Always make final pressure adjustments on pressure rise.
Temporary Setting Of The Main Relief Valve Pressure

NOTE: The purpose for "Temporary Setting Of The Main Relief Pressure" is done so implement
line relief valves and travel relief valves can be adjusted.
Top Of Main Control Valves

(4) Plunger. (5) Locknut. (6) Adjuster. (7) Locknut. (8) Main relief valve.
1. Place the machine on level ground and stop the engine. Release the pressure in the hydraulic
system. See the section, "Release Of Pressure In The Hydraulic System".
2. Slowly move the bucket control lever to the BUCKET OPEN position (full cylinder rod
retraction).
3. Check to be sure the main relief valve pressure setting is 31 400 ± 490 kPa (4550 ± 72 psi). See
the section "Main Relief Valve Adjustment".
4. Loosen locknut (5) and turn plunger (4) clockwise until it bottoms out. Tighten locknut (5).
5. Loosen locknut (7) and turn adjuster (6) clockwise a quarter turn. Tighten locknut (7).
Swing Crossover Relief Valve Pressure Check
Swing Motor Compartment

(21) Crossover relief valve (right swing). (22) Crossover relief valve (left swing).
Main Control Valve Compartment

(23) Elbow. (24) Pilot line (swing parking brake).
Pump Compartment
Preparation
2. Release the pressure in the hydraulic system. See the section in this module, "Release Of
3. Attach a 60 000 kPa (8700 psi) pressure gauge to tap (3).
4. Engage the swing parking brake as follows:
a. Disconnect pilot line (24) from elbow (23).
b. Install a cap (716-20HD) on elbow (23). Leave the end of pilot line (24) open to the air.
5. Start and run the engine at high idle (2180 ± 80 rpm). Place the power mode selector switch at
MODE III position.
6. Increase the hydraulic oil temperature to 55 ± 5°C (131 ± 9°F).
Check Procedure
1. Slowly move the swing pilot control lever to the FULL RIGHT SWING position and check the
pressure of relief valve (21) at tap (3).
NOTE: Check to be sure that the swing parking brake is correctly engaged while the swing
control is being activated.
2. If the pressure reading is not 23 000 ± 980 kPa (3350 ± 140 psi), replace with a new relief
valve.
3. To check the relief valve for left swing, slowly move the swing pilot control lever to the FULL
LEFT position and check the pressure of relief valve (22) at tap (3).
4. If the pressure reading is not 23 000 ± 980 kPa (3350 ± 140 psi), replace with a new relief
valve.
5. After pressure check, disengage the swing parking brake as follows:
a. Stop the engine and release the pressure in the hydraulic system. See the section in this module,
"Release The Pressure In The Hydraulic System".
b. Remove the cap (716-20UN) from elbow (23).
c. Connect pilot line (24) to elbow (23).
Adjustment Of Line Relief Valve Pressure
Preparation
Pump Compartment
1. Start the service program "Calibration Mode" and keep the power shift pressure constant at
2250 kPa (325 psi). Read the pressure gauge attached at tap (1) to monitor the power shift
pressure.
NOTE: For further information of "Calibration Mode" see the section in this module "Calibration
Mode".
NOTE: During line relief adjustment, do not turn the engine OFF to prevent a change in power
shift pressure.
2. Use the pressure gauge at tap (2) to read the line relief pressure for boom and bucket circuits.
Use the pressure gauge at tap (3) to read the line relief pressure for stick circuit. For line relief
pressure settings for the implement circuits see the section, "Pressure Adjustment, Specifications".
NOTE: After adjustment of the line relief valves, return the main relief pressure to its normal
setting.
Main Control Valve Compartment (Viewed From Machine Rear)

(9) Screw. (10) Locknut. (11) Line relief valve (boom cylinder head end). (12) Line relief valve (bucket cylinder head
end). (13) Line relief valve (stick cylinder rod end). (14) Line relief valve (stick cylinder head end).
NOTE: Rod end line relief valves of boom and bucket are located under the main control valves.
NOTE: All of the line relief valves are identical in construction and operation. To adjust the line
relief pressure, loosen locknut (10) and turn screw (9). Turning screw (9) clockwise increases the
pressure and turning screw (9) counterclockwise decreases the pressure.
Adjustment (Stick Cylinder)
1. To adjust the pressure in the stick cylinder rod end, move the stick control lever to FULL
STICK OUT (rod retracted) position. Check the pressure in the stick cylinder rod end at tap (3).
2. Return the stick control lever to the NEUTRAL position. Loosen locknut (10) and turn screw
(9) until line relief valve pressure at tap (3) reads 33 300 ± 1470 kPa (4850 ± 215 psi). Turning
screw (9) clockwise increases the pressure and turning screw (9) counterclockwise decreases the
pressure.
3. To adjust the pressure in the stick cylinder head end, move the stick control lever to FULL
STICK IN (rod extended) position. Check the pressure at tap (3).
4. Return the stick control lever to the NEUTRAL position. Adjust the line relief valve pressure in
the same manner as the stick rod end.
NOTE: Always make final pressure adjustment on pressure rise.
Adjustment (Bucket Cylinder)
1. To adjust the pressure in the bucket cylinder head end, move the bucket control lever to FULL
BUCKET CLOSE (rod extended) position. Check the pressure in the bucket cylinder head end at
tap (2).
2. Return the bucket control lever to the NEUTRAL position. Adjust the line relief valve pressure
in the same manner as described for the stick cylinder.
3. To adjust the pressure in the bucket cylinder rod end, move the bucket control lever to FULL
BUCKET OPEN (rod retracted) position. Check the pressure at tap (2).
4. Return the bucket control lever to the NEUTRAL position. Adjust the line relief valve pressure
to 33 300 ± 1470 kPa (4850 ± 215 psi) using the same procedure as that described for the stick
cylinder.
Adjustment (Boom Cylinder)
1. To adjust the pressure in the boom cylinder head end, move the boom control lever to FULL
BOOM RAISE (rod extended) position. Check the pressure in the boom cylinder head end at tap
(2).
2. Return the boom control lever to the NEUTRAL position. Adjust the line relief valve pressure
in the same manner as described for the stick cylinder.
3. To adjust the pressure in the boom cylinder rod end, move the boom control lever to FULL
BOOM DOWN (rod retracted) position. Check the pressure at tap (2).
4. Return the boom control lever to the NEUTRAL position. Adjust the line relief valve pressure
to 33 300 ± 1470 kPa (4850 ± 215 psi) using the same procedure as that described for the stick
cylinder.
NOTE: Always make final pressure adjustments on the pressure rise.
NOTE: If an appropriate location is not available for full retraction of the boom cylinder, reverse
the line relief valves of the head end and rod end by switching the valves. Adjust the pressure of
the line relief valve now attached in the head end. Once adjusted, return the respective relief
valves to their original positions and cancel the function of the service program "Calibration
Mode". Refer to the section in the module, "Engine And Pump Electronic Control System,
Calibration Mode Stop Procedure".
NOTE: After adjustment of the line relief valves, return the main relief pressure to its normal
setting.
Travel Crossover Relief Valve Adjustment
Sprocket (Left Track)

(15) Sprocket. (16) Stopper.
Travel Brake Valve (Left Track)

(17) Screw. (18) Locknut. (19) Crossover relief valve (reverse left travel). (20) Crossover relief valve (forward left
travel).
Pump Compartment
Preparation
1. Start Service Program "Calibration Mode" and maintain power shift pressure at 2250 kPa (325
psi). Read the pressure gauge at tap (1) for the power shift pressure settings.
NOTE: During this test, to prevent a change in power shift pressure do not turn the engine start
switch to the OFF position.
2. Block forward left travel, by putting stopper (16) in position on the gear of sprocket (15), as
shown above.
1. Slowly move the left travel control lever to FULL FORWARD position and check the pressure
of crossover relief valve (20) at tap (3).
2. Return the control lever to the NEUTRAL position and adjust relief valve pressure to 36 300 ±
1470 kPa (5250 ± 215 psi). To adjust crossover relief valve (20), loosen locknut (18) and turn
screw (17) until the pressure gauge at tap (3) reads 36 300 ± 1470 kPa (5250 ± 215 psi).
3. Tighten locknut (18) to a torque of 44 ± 5 N·m (33 ± 4 lb ft).
4. Position stopper (16) to block reverse left travel.
5. Slowly move the left travel control lever to FULL REVERSE position and check the pressure
of crossover relief valve (19) at tap (3). Adjust the pressure of crossover relief valve (19) in the
same manner as described for crossover relief valve (20).
6. Adjust the pressure of crossover relief valves of right travel motor in the same manner as
described for the left travel motor. Use the pressure gauge at tap (2) to read the pressure.
7. After completion of adjustment, stop the function of the service program "Calibration Mode".
Refer to the section in the module, "Engine And Pump, Electronic Control System, Calibration
Mode Stop Procedure".
Main Relief Valve Adjustment

NOTE: Pressure adjustments to the main relief valve should be done by first adjusting the travel
operation of the main relief valve and then adjusting the implement operation of the main relief
valve. Any adjustment to the travel operation of the main relief valve will change the pressure
setting to the implement operation of the main relief valve.
Top Of Main Control Valves

(4) Plunger. (5) Locknut. (6) Adjuster. (7) Locknut. (8) Main relief valve.
Pump Compartment
Preparation
Hydraulic System".
3. Attach a 60 000 kPa (8700 psi) pressure gauge to tap (2).
4. Start the engine and place the engine speed dial at position "10" with the power mode selector
switch at MODE III position.
5. Increase the hydraulic oil temperature to 55 ± 5°C (131 ± 9°F).
Adjustment Procedure (In Travel Operation)
Sprocket (left Track)

1. Block forward left travel by putting stopper (16) in position on the gear of sprocket (15).
2. Slowly move the left travel control lever to FULL FORWARD position and check main relief
valve pressure at tap (3).
3. Return the control lever to the NEUTRAL position.
4. Loosen locknut (7) and turn adjuster (6) until the pressure gauge at tap (2) reads 34 300 ± 490
kPa (5000 ± 71 psi). Tighten locknut (7) to a torque of 29 ± 2 N·m (22 ± 1 lb ft).
Reference: Turning adjuster (6) clockwise increases the pressure. Turning adjuster (6)
Adjustment Procedure (Implement Operation)
1. slowly move the control lever to FULL BUCKET OPEN (bucket cylinder full retraction)
position and check the main relief valve pressure at tap (2).
2. Return the control lever to the NEUTRAL position and adjust main relief valve pressure to 31
400 ± 490 kPa (4550 ± 72 psi).
3. To adjust, loosen locknut (5) and turn plunger (4) until the pressure gauge at tap (3) reads 31
400 ± 490 kPa (4550 ± 72 psi). Tighten locknut (5) to a torque of 29 ± 2 N·m (22 ± 1 lb ft).
Reference: Turning plunger (4) clockwise increases the pressure. Turning plunger (4)
Adjustment Of Automatic Travel Speed Travel Change Valve
Preparation
1. Reset main relief valves. Refer to the section, "Main Relief Valve Adjustment".
Hydraulic System".
Pump Compartment
(1) Tap (rear pump).
3. Install 60 000 kPa (8700 psi) pressure gauge at tap (1) of the rear pump.

(2) Tap (pilot pump delivery pressure).
4. Install 4000 kPa (580 psi) pressure gauge at tap (2).
Travel Motor (Left Track)

(3) Signal line.
5. Disconnect signal line (3) from the travel motor. Install a tee on the port that the signal line was
removed from and connect signal line (3) to tee. Attach a 4000 kPa (580 psi) pressure gauge to the
tee.
6. Start the engine and raise the hydraulic oil temperature to 55 ± 5°C (131 ± 9°F).
7. Place the power mode selector switch in POWER MODE III position and maintain the
maximum no load speed at 2180 ± 80 rpm with the AEC switch in the OFF position.
Sprocket (Left Track)

8. Block the forward left travel by putting stopper (5) in position on the gear of sprocket (4), as
shown above.
9. Place the travel speed control switch in HIGH (rabbit) position.
10. The pressure gauge at tap (2) should read 3450 kPa (500 psi).

(6) Automatic travel speed change valve. (A) Viewed from A side.
Automatic Travel Speed Change Valve (Viewed From A Side).

(6) Automatic travel speed change valve. (7) Screw. (8) Locknut.
1. While reading the pressure gauges connected to the tee in signal line (3) and to tap (1), slowly
move the left travel control lever/pedal to the FORWARD position. When the pressure at tap (1)
reads 31 700 ± 980 kPa (4600 ± 140 psi), the pressure gauge connected to signal line (3) should
reduce to 0 kPa (0 psi).
NOTE: These pressures indicate that the automatic travel speed change valve has caused the
travel motor to shift to low (turtle) speed.
2. Slowly return the left travel control lever/pedal to the NEUTRAL position.
3. If the pressure gauge connected to signal line (3) does not read 0 kPa (0 psi) at the time the
system pressure at tap (1) reads 31 700 ± 980 kPa (4600 ± 140 psi), then adjust automatic travel
speed change valve (6) as follows:
a. Loosen locknut (8) and turn screw (7) until the pressure gauge connected to line (3) reads 0 kPa
(0 psi) when the pressure gauge at tap (1) reads 31 700 ± 980 kPa (4600 ± 140 psi).
b. Tighten locknut (8) to a torque of 16 ± 1 N·m (12 ± 1 lb ft).
NOTE: Turning screw (7) clockwise increases the pressure. Turning screw (7) counterclockwise
decreases the pressure.
4. Repeat Step 1.
5. Slowly move the travel control lever/pedal towards the NEUTRAL position until the pressure
gauge at tap (1) decreases to 13 700 ± 490 kPa (2000 ± 71 psi). Now the pressure gauge connected
to signal line (3) will read 3450 kPa (500 psi).
NOTE: These pressures indicate when the automatic travel speed change valve causes the travel
motor to shift to high (rabbit) speed.
Pump Flow Tests
Controller Compartment
(1) Controller alarm lamp. (2) Controller.
Right Console
(3) Monitor. (4) Monitor panel.
NOTE: Before starting pump flow tests, check the action alarm indicators on controller (2) and
monitor panel (4). If the action alarm indicators indicate a normal condition, then perform the
operational tests.
NOTE: If operational tests (for example, cycle times) indicates that a slow implement problem is
common to the circuits of one pump, then the problem is most likely in the hydraulic system. The
"Pump Flow Tests" should then be performed.
NOTE: If the operational tests indicate an implement speed problem common to both pump
circuits, then the engine, fuel, or working altitude may be the problem.
Main Pump Constant Horsepower Control Test
Illustration Of Flow Meter Tool Layout (Constant Horsepower Control Test) (Main Pump)
(1) Portable hydraulic tester (flow meter). (2) O-ring seal. (3) Sleeve. (4) O-ring seal. (5) Nipple. (6) Coupler. (7)
Coupling. (8) Sleeve. (9) Hose. (10) Elbow. (11) O-ring seal. (12) Plug. (13) Tee. (16) Outlet line (front pump). (17)
Outlet line (rear pump). (14) Front pump. (15) Rear pump. (18) Makeup line. (19) Swing motor.
Preparation (Front Pump)
Circuit Diagram For Flow Test (Under Constant Horsepower Control) (Front Pump)
(1) Portable hydraulic tester (flow meter). (12) Plug (front pump delivery line). (16) Outlet line (front pump). (17)
Outlet line (rear pump). (14) Front pump. (15) Rear pump. (18) Makeup line. (19) Swing motor. (21) Main control
valves. (22) Pressure gauge. (23) Tap (front pump). (24) Tap (power shift pressure). (25) Tap (rear pump). (26)
Engine. (20) Multitach.
Pump Compartment
(9) Hose. (12) Plug. (14) Front pump. (15) Rear pump. (16) Outlet line (front pump). (23) Tap (front pump). (24) Tap
(power shift pressure). (25) Tap (rear pump).
Swing Motor Compartment (Top View)

(13) Tee. (19) Swing motor.
Flow Meter
(1) Portable hydraulic tester (flow meter). (9) Hose. (20) Multitach. (27) Valve (flow meter).
To prevent personal injury or equipment damage from failure of the

flow meter or associated circuit components because of blocked pump
flow, make sure before starting the engine that the flow meter valve is
fully open (turned counterclockwise).
1. Position the machine on level ground and stop the engine.
Hydraulic System".
3. Install the following tools in accordance with flow meter tool layout illustration and circuit
diagram:
a. Disconnect outlet line (16) from front pump (14).
b. Install plug (12) and O-ring seal (11) to the end of outlet line (16).
c. Disconnect makeup line (18) from the connector of swing motor (19).
d. Install tee (13) and two O-ring seals (11) to the connector. Connect makeup line (18) and O-
ring seal (11) to tee (13).
e. Connect portable hydraulic tester (flow meter) (1) between front pump (14) and tee (13).
f. Install pressure gauge (22) at power shift pressure tap (24). Install pressure gauge (22) at front
pump tap (23). Tap (24) is used to measure the power shift pressure. Tap (23) is used to measure
the front pump delivery pressure.
NOTE: A 60 000 kPa (8700 psi) pressure gauge can be used in place of pressure gauge (22).
g. Install multitach group (20) on engine (26). This is used to read engine speed.
4. Start the engine and place the power mode selector switch in MODE III position.
5. Place the engine speed dial at position "10" and maintain the maximum no load speed at 2180 ±
80 rpmwith the AEC switch OFF. (Read the rpm three seconds elapsed time after the engine speed
dial has been placed in position "10").
6. Increase the hydraulic oil temperature to 55 ± 5°C (131 ± 9°F). To increase the oil temperature,
move the stick in and out its full travel several times.
Preparation (Rear Pump)
Pump Compartment
(12) Plug (rear pump outlet line). (15) Outlet line (rear pump). (17) Rear pump. (26) Tap (rear pump).
Perform the same preparation as that described for the front pump flow test under constant
horsepower control except Step 3. Use the following procedure in replacement for Step 3, for the
rear pump (15):
a. Disconnect outlet line (17) from rear pump (15).
d. Install tee (13) and two O-ring seals (11) to the connector. Connect makeup line (18) and O-
ring seal (11) to tee (13).
e. Connect flow meter (1) between rear pump (15) and tee (13).
f. Install pressure gauge (22) at power shift pressure tap (24). Install pressure gauge (22) at rear
pump tap (25). Tap (24) is used to measure the power shift pressure. Tap (25) is used to measure
the rear pump delivery pressure.
NOTE: A 60 000 kPa (8700 psi) pressure gauge can be used in place of pressure gauge (22).
g. Install multitach group (20) on engine (26).
Test Procedure
NOTE: Perform the front and rear pump flow tests one at a time.

To prevent personal injury and/or equipment damage from failed lines

or components while the flow meter is returned to the open flow
position after a flow test, slowly open the flow meter valve and monitor
pump flow at the same time to make sure flow increases. If pump flow
does not increase as the flow meter is opened, shut the engine off and
determine what is causing the pump not to upstroke.
1. With the engine running, start the service program "Calibration Mode" and maintain the power
shift pressure at a constant pressure of 1850 ± 50 kPa (270 ± 7 psi). The power shift pressure is
readat tap (24), using pressure gauge (22).
NOTE: During this test, do not turn the starter switch to the OFF position to prevent any change
in power shift pressure. See the section "Calibration Mode Stop Procedure".
NOTE: To start service program "Calibration Mode" see the section "Calibration Mode Start-Up"
in the manual, "Engine And Pump Electronic Control System, System Operation, Testing And
Adjusting".
2. Slowly turn valve (27) of portable hydraulic tester (1) clockwise and record pump flow at each
of the following pressure points. Use pressure gauge (22) at tap (23) or (25) for this pressure
reading.
P-Q Characteristic Curve
NOTE: Flow specifications given above are based on an engine speed of 2100 rpm. To get more
accurate test results, each of measurements should be corrected by calculating as follows:
Flow corrected = (Flow measured /mu/ 2100) ÷ rpm measured
1. Any flow readings must be done only in upstroke.
2. The pump flow changes approximately 5.5 liter/min (1.5 U.S. gpm) for each 98 kPa (15.5 psi)
of power shift pressure.
Negative Flow Control Test
Ilustration Of Flow Meter Tool Layout (Negative Flow Control Test) (Main Pumps)
(1) Portable hydraulic tester (flow meter). (2) O-ring seal. (3) Adapter block. (4) O-ring seal. (5) Nipple. (6) Coupler.
(7) Reusable coupling. (8) Sleeve. (9) Hose. (10) Elbow. (11) O-ring seal. (12) Plug. (13) Tee. (14) Front pump. (15)
Rear pump. (16) Outlet line (front pump). (17) Outlet line (rear pump). (18) Makeup line. (19) Swing motor.
Preparation (Front Pump)
Circuit Diagram For Negative Flow Control Test (Front Pump)

(1) Portable hydraulic tester (flow meter). (9) Hose. (12) Plug (front pump delivery line). (14) Front pump. (15) Rear
pump. (16) Delivery line (front pump). (17) Delivery line (front pump). (19) Swing motor. (20) Main control valves.
(21) Negative flow control line. (22) Pressure gauge. (23) Tap (front pump). (24) Pilot oil manifold. (25) Tap (rear
pump). (26) Tap. (27) Tee. (28) Test hose. (29) Plug. (30) Pressure gauge. (31) Engine. (32) Multitach. (33) Negative
flow control line.
Pump Compartment
(9) Hose. (12) Plug. (14) Outlet line (front pump). (21) Negative flow control line (front pump). (23) Tap (front
pump).
Illustration Of Tool Layout (Negative Flow Control Test)(Main Pump)

(24) Pilot oil manifold. (26) Tap. (27) Tee. (28) Test hose. (29) Plug. (30) Pressure gauge. (36) Coupler. (37) Nipple.
(38) O-ring. (39) Coupler. (40) Elbow (to negative flow control port).
Portable Hydraulic Tester (Flow Meter)

(1) Portable hydraulic tester (flow meter). (22) Pressure guage. (32) Multitach. (34) Valve (flow meter).
Swing Motor Compartment

(9) Hose. (13) Tee. (18) Make up line. (19) Swing motor.

(24) Pilot oil manifold. (26) Tap. (35) Pilot relief valve.
1. Position the machine on level ground and stop the engine.
2. Release the pressure in the hydraulic system. See the section in this module "Release Of
3. Install the following tools in accordance with flow meter tool layout illustration and circuit
diagram:
a. Disconnect outlet line (16) from front pump (14).
d. Install tee (13) and O-ring seal (11) to the connector. Connect makeup line (18) and O-ring seal
(11) to tee (13).
e. Connect portable hydraulic tester (1) between front pump (14) and tee (13).
f. Disconnect negative flow control line (21) from front pump (14) and install plug (29) in the
open end of negative flow control line (21).
g. Install tee (27) to elbow (40).
h. Connect hose (28) between tee (27) and tap (26) of pilot oil manifold (24).
i. Install pressure gauge (22) at front pump tap (23). A 60 000 kPa (8700 psi) pressure gauge can
be used in place of pressure gauge (22). Tap (23) is used to measure the front pump delivery
pressure.
j. Install pressure gauge (30) to tee (27). A 4000 kPa (500 psi) pressure gauge can be used in place
of pressure gauge (30).
k. Install multitach group (32) on engine (31).
4. Start the engine and place the power mode selector switch in MODE III position.
5. Place the engine speed dial at position "10" and maintain the maximum no load speed at 2180 ±
80 rpm with the AEC switch OFF. (Read the rpm three seconds elapsed time after the engine
speed dial has been placed in position "10").
6. Increase the hydraulic oil temperature to 55 ± 5°C (131 ± 9°F). To increase the oil temperature,
move the stick in and out its full travel several times.
Preparation (Rear Pump)
Pump Compartment
(9) Hose. (12) Plug (rear pump outlet line). (15) Outlet line (rear pump). (25) Tap (rear pump). (35) Negative flow
control line (rear pump).
Perform the same preparation as that described for the front pump flow test under constant
horsepower control except Step 3. Use the following procedure in replacement for Step 3, for the
rear pump (15):
a. Disconnect outlet line (17) from rear pump (15).
d. Install tee (13) and O-ring seal (11) to the connector. Connect makeup line (18) and O-ring seal
(11) to tee (13).
e. Connect portable hydraulic tester (1) between rear pump (15) and tee (13).
f. Disconnect negative flow control line (33) from rear pump (15) and install plug (29) in the open
end of negative flow control line (33).
g. Install tee (27) to elbow (40).
h. Connect hose (28) between tee (27) and tap (26) of pilot oil manifold (24).
i. Install pressure gauge (22) at rear pump tap (25). A 49 000 kPa (7100 psi) pressure gauge can be
used in place of pressure gauge (22). Tap (25) is used to measure the rear pump delivery pressure.
j. Install pressure gauge (30) to tee (27). A 4900 kPa (700 psi) pressure gauge can be used in place
of pressure gauge (30).
k. Install multitach group (32) on engine (31). This is used to read engine speed.
Test Procedure
NOTE: Perform the front and rear pump negative flow control tests one at a time.

To prevent personal injury and/or equipment damage from failed lines

or components while the flow meter is returned to the open flow
position after a flow test, slowly open the flow meter valve and
moneases. If pump flow does not increase as the flow meter is opened,
shut the engine off and determine what is causing the pump not to
upstroke.nd determine what is causing the pump not to upstroke.
1. Place the power mode selector switch to MODE III position.
2. Place engine speed dial at position "10" and maintain the maximum no load speed at 2180 ± 80
rpm with the AEC switch in the OFF position. (Read the rpm three seconds after engine speed dial
has been placed in position "10".)
3. Incraese the hydraulic oil temperature to 55 ± 5° C (131 ± 9°F).
4. Slowly turn valve (34) of portable hydraulic tester (1) clockwise until the pump delivery
pressure setting is 6850 kPa (1000 psi).
5. Adjust pilot relief valve (35) of pilot oil manifold (24) until pressure gauge (30) connected to
tee (27) reads 2350 kPa (340 psi).
6. Record the negative control flow at each of the following pressure points:
7. Read just pilot relief valve (35) to 2950 kPa (425 psi).
8. Record the pump flow at this negative pressure point.
NOTE: Flow specifications given above are based on an engine speed of 2100 rpm. To get more
accurate test results, measured flow should be corrected by calculating as follows:
Flow corrected = (Flow measured x 2100) ÷ rpm measured
P-Q Characteristic Curve [Negative Flow Control at 6850 kPa (1000 psi) Pump Delivery Pressure]
Pump Flow Adjustment

If the flow measurements are out of specification, adjust the flow using the following procedures:
NOTE: Any flow variation per one turn of a setscrew should be used as a guide only. Always use
a portable hydraulic tester to adjust the pump flow.
Flow Adjustment Under Constant Horsepower Control
Main Pump
(1) Setscrew. (2) Locknut. (3) Setscrew. (4) Locknut. (5) Locknut. (6) Setscrew. (7) Setscrew. (8) Setscrew. (9)
Setscrew.
Flow adjustment procedure for the front and rear pumps under constant horsepower control is the
same. Setscrew (3) and (8) are for the lower pressure range where the first stage spring in each
pump regulator activates. Setscrews (1) and (9) are for the higher pressure range where the second
stage spring in each regulator activates.
Front Pump Adjustment

1. Loosen locknut (4).
2. Turn setscrew (3) until adjusted to the correct specification. Turning setscrew (3) 1/4 turn
clockwise increases the flow rate approximately 10.7 liter/min (2.8 U.S.gpm) at a system pressure
of 13 700 kPa (2000 psi) and 17 700 kPa (2550 psi) where the first stage spring activates.
5. Turn setscrew (1) until adjusted to the correct specification. Turning setscrew (1) 1/4 turn
clockwise increases the flow rate approximately 4.8 liter/min (1.3 U.S.gpm) at a system pressure
of 23 500 kPa (3400 psi) and 29 400 kPa (4250 psi) where the second stage spring activates.
Rear Pump Adjustment

To adjust the rear pump flow under constant horsepower control do the same as that described
above using setscrews (8) and (9).
Maximum Flow Adjustment

Maximum flow adjustment procedure for front and rear pumps is the same. Use setscrew (6) for
the front pump and setscrew (7) for the rear pump.
2. Turn setscrew (6) until adjusted to the correct specification. Turning the setscrew 1/4 turn
clockwise decreases flow rate approximately 3.0 liter/min (.8 U.S.gpm).
Negative Flow Control Adjustment
Pump Compartment
(43) Locknut. (44) Setscrew.
Rear Pump (Viewed From Drive Shaft Side)

(45) Setscrew.
Negative flow control adjustment procedure for front and rear pumps is the same. Use setscrew
(45) for the front pump and setscrew (44) for the rear pump.
2. Turn setscrew (44) until adjusted to the correct specification. Turning the setscrew 1/4 turn
clockwise increases the flow rate approximately 7.8 liter/min (2.1-U.S.gpm) at a negative control
pressure of 2450 kPa (355 psi).
Copyright 1993 - 2011 Caterpillar Inc. Wed May 11 10:33:42 UTC+0300 2011
All Rights Reserved.
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317 & 317N Excavators 4MM00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY 3054 Engine(...

Testing and Adjusting

Testing And Adjusting

Electronic Control System

Hydraulic oil pressure can remain in the hydraulic systems on this

3. Inspect all lines and connections for damage or leaks.

4. Inspect control linkage for bent, broken, or damaged components.

Checks During Operation

Operational Test Preparations

1. Verify engine speed:

Excavator with no load at high idle, 2180 ± 80 rpm

2. Increase hydraulic oil temperature to: 55 ± 5°C (131 ± 9°F)

3. Insure relief valve pressure settings are set according to specification.

Straight Travel Test

Reference: Make reference to the section "Operation Tests Preparation"

5. The bucket must be empty.

2. The first 5 m (16.5 ft) are for a preliminary run.

3. Measure the travel deviation from the reference line.

To determine if the travel motors need adjustment do the following procedure:

2. The first 5 m (16.5 ft) are for a preliminary run.

3. While in straight travel extend the bucket cylinder.

Travel Test On Level Ground

Reference: Make reference to the section "Operation Tests Preparation"

5. The bucket must be empty.

3. Measure the travel deviation from the reference line.

Travel Speed (Optional Test)

Reference: Make reference to the section "Operation Tests Preparation"

2. Place the machine on level ground.

3. Raise a track for the test as shown in the illustration.

4. Put a mark on a shoe of the raised track.

2. Put the implements in the position shown in the illustration.

3. Bucket should be empty.

2. Stop the engine and time three minutes (using a stopwatch).

Swing Speed And Over Swing (On Level Ground)

Reference: Make reference to the section "Operation Tests Preparation"

2. Place the machine on level ground as shown in the illustration.

4. The bucket should be empty.

Test Procedure (Over Swing):

Test Procedure (Speed):

Swing Speed And Drift (On A Slope)

1. Place the machine on a 12° slope.

Test Procedure (Speed):

Test Procedure (Drift):

1. Stop the machine on a slope of 12°.

4. Stop the engine.

7. Repeat Steps 2 through 5.

Reference: Make reference to the section "Operation Tests Preparation"

2. Place the machine on level ground as shown in the illustration.

3. Fill the bucket with soil.

Test Procedure (For Boom And Stick Cylinders):

1. Fully extend the bucket cylinder.

2. Fully retract the stick cylinder.

5. Stop the engine.

Test Procedure (For Bucket Cylinder):

1. Fully extend the bucket cylinder.

3. Measure the bucket cylinder's length from pin to pin.

4. Stop the engine.

Cylinder Operating Speed

1. Place the machine on level ground.

2. Bucket must be empty.

Test Procedure (Boom Cylinders):

1. Fully retract bucket and stick cylinders.

Test Procedure (Stick Cylinder):

Test Procedure (Bucket Cylinder):