ECE 312 Final Exam

1.

a) Find X z


b) Where are the poles and zeros located?

Zeros: -2, +1
Poles: 2 each at 0

c) What is the ROC?

2. Consider the discrete time system

One of your classmates says

“That system does NOT have a DTFT.”

Do you agree or disagree? (Justify your answer)

Agree.

The difference equation is . The system transfer

function is

This system has a pole at z= -1. The ROC cannot contain any poles so the ROC is
Since the ROC does not contain the unit circle, the substitution
cannot be made. Therefore, the DTFT does not exist.
 3. For each of the following find the fundamental period (N0 for discrete signals; T0
for continuous signals)

2n 
a) sin
 13 

 b)

c) cos330   


 2t 0  t 1
4. Let x t    . Find X  .
0 otherwise



5. Both the DTFS and the CTFS express periodic functions as a weighted sum of
exponentials where these weights are the Fourier coefficients (i.e., the X k ’s).

For the DTFS, the DFT computes the exact X k  values (within a scale factor). But
for the CTFS the DFT computes only an estimate of the true values.

Why?

The DTFS uses the X[k]’s to reconstruct a sequence─i.e., defined only
at the sample times.

The CTFS uses the X[k]’s to reconstruct a continuous function x(t) defined for any
time t.

But the DFT uses samples of x(t) to compute the X[k]’s. Consequently, those X[k]’s
are accurate for getting x(t) at t = nTs, but are only estimates for getting the value of
x(t) at any time
6. The input to the system below is xn  0.7 u(n) .
n

The corresponding output is yn  0.44 un

n





a) Find H and H  .


Therefore,

Let and

Then

b) What is H   and H   at    5?

 

c) Assume the samples are taken every T=50s. What frequency (in Hz)
corresponds to    5?


So,

Or
7. Consider the following IIR filter:

Find the difference equation for yn


 
8. Let x(t)   t  2k. Find the CTFS of xt.
k 




Where

Therefore,
9.

We know that yn  xn* hn. We have repeatedly stated in class that for practical
real-world systems both xn and hn must be causal.

Why?

input and the system impulse response are causal, then the output
If both the system
will be a function of only the current and past inputs.

If either one (or both) of the input and system impulse response are not causal, then
the output will be a function of the current input and future inputs─i.e., inputs that
have not yet been input to the system. This is not possible in practical real-world
systems.
10. A periodic signal has a T = 0.050 second period. You want to determine the
spectrum of this signal using a 512-point DFT.

a) What sample frequency would you use?

b) What is the frequency spacing between the harmonics?

c) What must you do to improve the frequency resolution by a factor of 4? (Be

specific.)

Zero pad the sample sequence with zero samples