lisabonis 2007 wlis xelSekrulebis safuZvelze ganxorcielebuli evropis kavSiris

samarTlebrivi sawyisebis reformis Semdeg, Sida bazris principebi da sxva wesebi ganmtkice-
bulia ek-is funqcionirebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis mesame nawilSi (`kavSiris Sida politi-
ka da saqmianoba~). kerZod, aRniSnuli xelSekrulebis 26-e muxlis me-2 paragrafis Tanaxmad,
`Sida bazari moicavs sivrces Sida sazRvrebis gareSe, sadac, xelSekrulebebis debulebaTa
Sesabamisad, uzrunvelyofilia saqonlis, pirTa, momsaxurebisa da kapitalis Tavisufali ga-
daadgileba~. am muxlSi naTlad ikiTxeba Sida bazris oTxive principi:
1) saqonlis Tavisufali gadaadgileba;
2) pirTa Tavisufali gadaadgileba;
3) momsaxurebis (ufro zustad ki, _ misi miwodebis) Tavisufali gadaadgileba;
4) kapitalis Tavisufali gadaadgileba.
garda amisa, xsenebuli muxlis teqstidan TvalnaTliv gamomdinareobs, rom xelSekru-
lebis avtorebi am oTx Tavisuflebas erTiani Sida bazris ZiriTad maxasaiaTeblebad da, Se-
sabamisad, mis ZiriTad komponentebad miiCnevdnen, romelTa gareSec misi arseboba warmoudge-
nelia. Tavis mxriv, erTiani bazris gareSe verc evropis kavSiris miznebi ganxorcieldeba.
zogadad, unda aRiniSnos, rom Sida (erTiani) bazari kavSiris (manamde evropis gaerTianebe-
bis) yvelaze mniSvnelovan da ganviTarebul miRwevas warmoadgens, xolo oTxi Tavisufleba
ki _ ek-is samarTlis erT-erT yvelaze ufro kargad damuSavebul kars rogorc am sferoSi
miRebuli normatiuli aqtebis raodenobis mixedviT, ise evropis sasamarTlos mier Tavisi
pirdapiri da preiudiciuli iurisdiqciis farglebSi miRebuli Sesabamisi gadawyvetilebebis
raodenobis mixedviTac.
termin `Tavisuflebis~ gamoyenebisas unda gvesmodes, Tu ras niSnavs igi. pirvel rig-
Si, TiToeuli zemoT CamoTvlili Tavisufleba warmoadgens ek-is Sida bazris princips,
romlis gareSec warmoudgenelia am ukanasknelis arseboba.
meore mxriv, viwro mniSvnelobiT, TiToeuli es Tavisufleba gulisxmobs kavSiris
moqalaqeTa, ek-is wevri saxelmwifoebis teritoriaze registrirebul iuridiul pirTa, ag-
reTve zogierT SemTxvevaSi _ ucxoelTa garkveul subieqtur uflebas. magaliTad, saqonlis
gadaadgilebis Tavisufleba gulisxmobs nebismier am pirTa uflebas, Tavisuflad da Seufer-
xeblad gadaadgilon (gadaitanon) saqoneli wevr saxelmwifoebs Soris.
mesame mxriv, sagulisxmoa is garemoebac, rom droTa ganmavlobaSi termin `Tavisuf-
lebis~ gamoyenebas ek-is samarTalSi ufro farTo mniSvneloba mieniWa da igi ara marto, sa-
kuTriv, ama Tu im qmedebis ganxorcielebis Tavisuflebas, aramed aseve am TavisuflebasTan
dakavSirebuli uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis mTel kompleqss aRniSnavs, romlebic kavSirisa
da wevri saxelmwifoebis normatiul aqtebSi, agreTve sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebSia gan-
mtkicebuli.
ek-is samarTlis im normebisTvis, romlebic zemoaRniSnul oTx Tavisuflebas aregu-
lirebs (imave doziT, rogorc kavSiris samarTlis sxva normebisTvis), damaxasiaTebelia ise-
Ti samarTlebrivi principebi, rogoricaa pirdapiri moqmedebis principi, diskriminaciis dau-
Sveblobis principi da evropis kavSiris samarTlis uzenaesobis (primatis) principi.

2.10.2 saqonlis Tavisufali gadaadgileba

ek-is funqcionirebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis 28-e muxlis pirveli paragrafi adgens:
`kavSiri moicavs sabaJo kavSirs, romelic vrceldeba mTel saqonelbrunvaze; igi iTvaliswi-
nebs wevr saxelmwifoebs Soris importsa da eqsportze sabaJo gadasaxadebisa da nebismieri
TanabarmniSvnelovani mosakreblebis akrZalvas, aseve saerTo sabaJo tarifebis SemoRebas me-
same qveynebTan mimarTebaSi~.
rogorc vxedavT, citirebuli muxlis Sesabamisad, sabaJo kavSiri evrokavSiris farg-
lebSi Sedgeba ori TanabarmniSvnelovani komponentisagan, _ esenia: 1) rogorc saeqsporto,
ise saimporto sabaJo gadasaxadebisa da nebismieri sxva eqvivalenturi zomis, agreTve wevr
saxelmwifoebs Soris raodenobrivi SezRudvebis akrZalva248 da 2) saerTo sabaJo tarifis,
-________________________
248 _ rasac, Cveulebriv, uwodeben kidec saqonlis gadaadgilebis Tavisuflebas, _ avt.

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anu mesame qveynebTan saeqsporto-saimporto urTierTobebis regulirebis erTiani sistemis
miReba.
imisaTvis, raTa ukeT gaverkveT sabaJo kavSiris SigniT saqonlis Tavisufali gadaad-
gilebis mareglirebeli normebis arssa da praqtikul efeqtSi, pasuxi unda gaeces kiTxvas:
_ romeli saqonlis mimaT gamoiyeneba es normebi, ufro zustad ki, _ gamoiyeneba Tu ara es
normebi kavSiris teritoriaze mesame qveynebidan Semotanili saqonlis mimarT. am kiTxvaze
pasuxis povna SesaZlebelia ek-is funqcionirebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis 29-e muxlSi, rom-
lis Tanaxmadac, `wevr saxelmwifoSi Tavisufal brunvaSi myofad iTvleba mesame qveynebSi
warmoebuli is produqcia, romlis mimarTac am wevr saxelmwifoSi Sesrulebuli iqna saim-
porto formalobebi, agreTve amoRebuli iqna dadgenili sabaJo gadasaxadebi da Tanabarmni-
Svnelovani mosakreblebi da ar ganxorcielebula am gadasaxadebisa da mosakreblebis sruli
an nawilobrivi ukan dabruneba~.
saqonlis gadaadgilebis Tavisuflebis ganxilvisas aucilebelia agreTve gaTvaliswi-
nebuli iqnas is garemoebac, rom xsenebuli xelSekrulebis is normebi, romlebic ek-is sa-
marTlis aRniSnul sferos awesrigeben, vrceldeba ara marto wevr saxelmwifoebs Soris
vaWrobaSi, aramed agreTve wevri saxelmwifos SigniT arsebul barierebzec.
evropis kavSiris SigniT saqonlis gadaadgilebis Tavisuflebis ganmsazRvrel mniSvne-
lovan muxlebs warmoadgens ek-is funqcionirebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis 30-e, 34-e da 35-e
muxlebi. 30-e muxlSi saubaria imis Sesaxeb, rom wevr saxelmwifoebs Soris akrZaluli un-
da iyos sabaJo gadasaxadebi an TanabarmniSvnelovani mosakreblebi importsa da eqsportze,
aseve fiskaluri xasiaTis sabaJo gadasaxadebi. 34-e da 35-e muxlebi exeba raodenobriv Sez-
Rudvebs (e.i. kvotebs) da adgens, rom wevr saxelmwifoebs Soris akrZalulia raodenobrivi
SezRudvebi importsa da eqsportze, aseve nebismieri TanabarmniSvnelovani efeqtis mqone zo-
mebi. xelSekrulebis 110-e _ 113-e muxlebi awesrigeben diskriminaciuli Sidasaxelmwifoeb-
rivi dabegvris SezRudvas.
garda amisa, mniSvnelovan rols TamaSobs xelSekrulebis 36-e muxli, romelic saqon-
lis gadaadgilebis Tavisuflebis SezRudvas exeba da aregulirebs.
rogorc ek-is funqcionirebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis miTiTebuli muxlebidan irkve-
va, saqonlis Tavisufali gadaadgileba Tavis TavSi gulisxmobs:
1) sabaJo gadasaxadebisa da TanabarmniSvnelovani efeqtis mqone mosakreblebis gauqme-
bas;
2) diskriminaciuli Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi dabegvris akrZalvas;
3) raodenobrivi SezRudvebisa da nebismieri TanabarmniSvnelovani zomebis akrZalvas.
raodenobrivi SezRudvebisa da misi TanabarmniSvnelovani zomebis gansazRvris sakiTxi
ek-is samarTalSi. erT-erT im urTules sakiTxs, romlis garSemoc yvelaze meti raodenobis
sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebaa miRebuli, warmoadgens ek-is funqcionirebis Sesaxeb xelSekru-
lebis (lisabonis 2007 wlis xelSekrulebis ZalaSi Sesvlamde, _ xelSekruleba eg-is da-
fuZnebis Sesaxeb, _ avt.) 34-e da 35-e muxlebis (yofili 28-e da 29-e muxlebis) axsna-gan-
marteba da gamoyeneba, romlebic wevr saxelmwifoebs Soris importsa da eqsportze raode-
nobriv SezRudvebs (kvotebs), aseve nebismier TanabarmniSvnelovan zomebs krZalavs.
raodenobrivi SezRudvebis TanabarmniSvnelovani efeqtis mqone zomebis gansazRvra
pirvelad gaCnda komisiis mier 1970 wels miRebul #70/50 direqtivaSi,249 romlis Tanaxma-
dac, raodenobrivi SezRudvebis TanabarmniSvnelovan zomebs uTanabrdeba `sakanonmdeblo da
administraciul aqtebSi ganmtkicebuli yvela is piroba, agreTve administraciuli praqtika,
romlebic barierebs uqmnis imports,... an ufro rTulsa da Zvirs xdis imports Sida warmo-
ebis produqciis gayidvasTan SedarebiT~. paralelurad, direqtiva Seicavs iseTi praqtikis
sakmaod vrcel CamonaTvals, romelic ukanonod miiCneva rogorc kvotebis TanabarmniSvnelo-
vani efeqtis mqone zoma. raodenobrivi SezRudvebis TanabarmniSvnelovani efeqtis mqone zome-
bis CamonaTvali mocemuli iyo miTiTebuli direqtivis me-2 muxlSi, romlis Tanaxmadac,
aseT zomebad miiCneoda:
-________________________
249 _ ix. Amtsblatt Nr. L 013 vom 19/01/1970, S. 0029 – 0031.

- 158 -
 • importirebul produqciaze minimaluri an maqsimaluri fasebis fiqsireba;
• importirebul produqciaze ufro naklebxelsayreli fasebis dadgena;
• produqciis importis moculobis Semcireba, misi samomxmareblo fasis Semci‐
rebis an misi Rirebulebis gazrdis gziT;
• importirebuli produqciis mimarT gadaxdis iseTi pirobebis daweseba, romle‐
bic gansxvavdeba Sida warmoebis produqciis mimarT gamoyenebuli gadaxdis pi‐
robebisagan;
• saqonlis SefuTvis, Semadgenlobis, markirebis, moculobis, wonis da a.S. mi‐
marT iseTi pirobebis daweseba, romlebic mxolod importirebul produqcias‐
Tan mimarTebaSi gamoiyeneba, an mis mimarT, Sida warmoebis produqciasTan Seda‐
rebiT, ufro maRali moTxovnebis wayeneba;
• SeRavaTebis miniWeba Sida warmoebis produqciis SeZenisas, an raime saxis dis-
komfortis Seqmna importirebuli produqciis SeZenisas;
• importirebul produqciasTan mimarTebaSi sareklamo-sainformacio saqmianobis
SezRudva;
• importirebuli produqciis mimarT dasawyobebis ufro rTuli pirobebis gamo‐
yeneba;
• importioris mimarT iseTi pirobebis gamoyeneba, romelic mas avaldebulebs
iyolios warmomadgeneli (agenti) im qveynis teritoriaze, romelSic xdeba
produqciis importi.250
zemoaRniSnul direqtivaSi komisiam, faqtiurad, pirvelad gamoiyena ama Tu im zomis
kanonierebis gansazRvris meTodi ara marto da ara imdenad maTi samarTlebrivi bunebidan,
ramdenadac im efeqtidan gamomdinare, romelsac isini axdenen wevr saxelmwifoebs Soris va-
Wrobaze.
efeqtis testad wodebuli msgavsi testis siswore SemdgomSi sasamarTlos gadawyve-
tilebebmac daadastura. arsebobs sami ZiriTadi gadawyvetileba, romelic naTlad cxadyofs,
Tu rogor ganmartavs ek-is sasamarTlo am zomebs da rogor iyenebs efeqtis tests.
pirveli aseTi gadawyvetileba iyo dasonvilis (Dassonville) saqmeze miRebuli gada-
wyvetileba (Case #8/74, Procureur de Roi v. Dassonville). sasamarTlom daadgina, rom belgias
ufleba ar hqonda aekrZala safrangeTidan Sotlandiuri viskis importi, romelsac ar gaaCn-
da mwarmoebeli qveynis kompetenturi organos mier gacemuli warmomavlobis damadasture-
beli sertifikati, vinaidan viski safrangeTSi kanonier safuZvelze ukve imyofeboda Tavisu-
fal brunvaSi. sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT, raodenobrivi SezRudvebis TanabarmniSvnelova-
ni efeqtis mqone zomebi gansazRvruli iqna rogorc `wevri saxelmwifoebis mier miRebuli
nebismieri savaWro wesi, romelsac SeuZlia pirdapir an iribad, faqtiurad an potenciurad
xeli SeuSalos vaWrobas [evropis] gaerTianebis SigniT~. anu ek-is sasamarTlos am, e.w. „da-
sonvilis formulis“ mixedviT, eqsportisa da importis raodenobrivi SezRudvebis Tanabar-
mniSvnelovani efeqtis mqone RonisZiebebis akrZalva (34-e da 35-e muxlebi) moicavs saxel-
mwifos yvela im qmedebas, romelmac, SesaZloa, faqtiurad an potenciurad, uSualod an iri-
bad xeli SeuSalos wevr saxelmwifoebs Soris vaWrobas, miuxedavad imisa, exeba igi mxo-
lod ucxour Tu adgilobrivi warmoebis produqcias.251
imave saqmeze sasamarTlom aRiara, rom wevri qveynebis mier, momxmarebelTa dacvis mi-
zniT, miRebuli savaWro wesebi `unda iyos gonivruli~, `zians ar unda ayenebdes wevr sa-
xelmwifoebs Soris vaWrobas~ da `xelmisawvdomi~ unda iyos kavSiris yvela moqalaqisaTvis.
garda amisa, isini ar unda warmoadgendes TviTneburi diskriminaciis saSualebebs, an wevr
saxelmwifoebs Soris vaWrobis SeniRbul SezRudvas~.
-________________________
250 _ dawvr. ix. Европейское право. Учебник для вузов / под общ. ред. Л. М. Энтина, М., 2000, с. 341-
342.
251 _ ix. gaga gabriCiZe _ `evropuli samarTali (leqciebis kursi)~, Tb., 2009 [el. resursi],
gv. 31 // wvdomis reJimi: <http://www.tbappeal.court.ge/upload/r_1255.pdf>, wvdomis TariRi: 17.05.2012.

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 bunebrivia, ismis kiTxva: SeiZleba Tu ara ek-is funqcionirebis Sesaxeb xelSekrule-
bis 34-e muxli gamoyenebuli iqnas iseTi erovnuli savaWro wesebis mimarT, romelTa moqme-
debac yvela mwarmoebelze vrceldeba diskriminaciis gareSe? sasamarTlom am kiTxvas pasuxi
gasca Tavis gadawyvetilebaSi 1979 wels ganxilul saqmeze, romelic cnobilia rogorc
Cassis de Dijon.
sasamarTlom ukanonod cno germaneli kanonmdeblis moTxovna alkoholis minimaluri
Semcvelobis Sesaxeb im safuZvliT, rom es ar Seesabameba gonivrulobis tests (zogjer mas
kasisis testsac uwodeben). swored es testi (romelic pirvelad dasonvilis saqmeSi gaCn-
da) iqna logikur dasasrulamde miyvanili sasamarTlos am gadawyvetilebaSi. misi arsi imaSi
mdgomareobs, rom manam, sanam kavSirs gansazRvrul sferoebSi ar miuRia Sesabamisi normebi,
wevr saxelmwifoebs SeuZliaT daadginon `gonivruli~ da `proporciuli~ (e.i. ara imaze uf-
ro farTo, vidre es uSualod aucilebelia) zomebi sazogadoebis interesebis dacvis uz-
runvelsayofad.
TvalsaCinoebisaTvis SeiZleba moviyvanoT aRniSnul saqmeze sasamarTlos mier miRebu-
li gadawyvetilebis me-8 paragrafi, sadac vkiTxulobT: `alkoholis warmoebisa da gavrce-
lebis erTiani wesebis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi... wevri saxelmwifo valdebulia TviTon daare-
guliros yvela is sakiTxi, romlebic Tavis teritoriaze alkoholis warmoebasa da gavrce-
lebasTanaa dakavSirebuli. dabrkolebebi [evropis] gaerTianebis SigniT [saqonlis] Tavisufal
gadaadgilebasTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic saqonlis gavrcelebis maregulirebel erovnul ka-
nonmdeblobebs Soris arsebuli gansxvavebebidan gamomdinareobs, SeiZleba misaRebi iyos imde-
nad, ramdenadac isini aucilebelia akmayofilebdes iseT savaldebulo moTxovnebs, romlebic
fiskaluri zedamxedvelobis efeqtianobas, sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis dacvas, savaWro
garigebebis keTilsindisierebasa da momxmarebelTa dacvas exeba~.
kasisis (Cassis) saqmeze miRebul sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebaSi formulirebuli iqna
aseve `urTierTaRiarebis~ wesi, e.i. Tu saqoneli kanonieradaa warmoebuli erT wevr saxel-
mwifoSi, igi SeiZleba Tavisuflad gaiyidos sxva wevr saxelmwifoSi, maSinac ki, Tu igi ar
Seesabameba am ukanasknelis erovnul standartebs.
saqonlis Tavisufali gadaadgilebis SesaZlo SezRudvebi. saqonlis Tavisufal gada-
adgilebasTan dakavSirebiT aucileblad gansaxilvel calke sakiTxs warmoadgens sakiTxi ek-
is funqcionirebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis 36-e muxlis Sinaarsis Sesaxeb, romelic saqonlis
Tavisufal gadaadgilebasTan mimarTebaSi garkveuli erovnuli barierebis (akrZalvebis an Se-
zRudvebis) daSvebas exeba. aseTi barierebis gasamarTleblad xuTi ZiriTadi safuZveli (e.w.
`gamamarTlebeli safuZvlebi~) arsebobs:
1) sazogadoebrivi morali;
2) sazogadoebrivi wesrigi an sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoeba;
3) adamianTa janmrTelobisa da sicocxlis, cxovelebis an nargavebis dacva;
4) mxatvruli, istoriuli an arqeologiuri faseulobis mqone erovnuli saganZuris
dacva;
5) samrewvelo an komerciuli sakuTrebis dacva.
xelSekrulebis 36-e muxli mxolod amiT rom Semofargluliyo, wevr saxelmwifoebs
SeeZlebodaT, praqtikulad, yvela TavianTi RonisZiebis gamarTleba ecadaT erT-erT am safu-
Zvelze dayrdnobiT. Tumca 36-e muxlis meore winadadeba adgens, rom `es akrZalvebi an Sez-
Rudvebi ar unda warmoadgendes TviTneburi diskriminaciis saSualebas an SeniRbul SezRud-
vas wevr saxelmwifoebs Soris vaWrobaSi~. rogorc SeiZleba vivaraudoT, sasamarTlos mier
swored am debulebis axsna-ganmarteba iZleva ama Tu im erovnuli RonisZiebis gamarTlebis
realur safuZvels. aRsaniSnavia, rom 36-e muxlis axsna-ganmarteba uSualo kavSirSia ek-is
funqcionirebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis sxva muxlebTan, romlebic saqonlis Tavisufal gada-
adgilebas aregulireben. saqme isaa, rom Tuki wevri saxelmwifos RonisZieba sasamarTlos
mier xelSekrulebis 36-e muxlTan winaaRmdegobaSi myofad iqna cnobili, aseTi RonisZieba
eqvemdebareba gauqmebas rogorc ek-is funqcionirebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis 30-e, 34-e, 35-e
da 110-e muxlebidan erT-erTi maTganis moqmedebis qveS myofi.

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 wevri saxelmwifoebi SezRudulni arian im SemTxvevebSi, rodesac maT SeuZliaT ek-is
funqcionirebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis 36-e muxlis gamoyeneba. ase, magaliTad, sasamarTlom
araerTxel miuTiTa, rom wevri saxelmwifoebis mier xelSekrulebis 36-e muxlis gamoyeneba
SeuZlebelia iseT SemTxvevebSi, rodesac kavSiris mier miRebulia zomebi ama Tu im sakiTxTa
harmonizaciis Taobaze, xolo xelSekrulebis 36-e muxlis gamoyeneba ki zegavlenas moaxdens
aseTi harmonizaciis miRwevaze.
Tavis gadawyvetilebebSi sasamarTlom imgvari axsna-ganmarteba misca xelSekrulebis
36-e muxls,252 rom wevr saxelmwifoebs SesaZlebloba hqondeT ufro viwro mniSvnelobiTa
da interpretaciiT gamoiyenon is normebi, romlebic amkrZalavi zomebis gamarTlebis safuZv-
lebs warmoadgenen. sasamarTlos poziciis naTelsayofad aucilebelia, rom, magaliTebis sa-
xiT, ganxiluli iqnas ramdenime aseTi saqme.253
sazogadoebrivi morali. sasamarTlom neba darTo gaerTianebul samefos gamoeyenebina
sazogadoebrivi morali, rogorc safuZveli sisxlissamarTlebrivi kanonmdeblobis im norma-
Ta Sesafardeblad, romlebic gamoyenebuli iqna holandiidan garkveuli pornografiuli masa-
lebis eqsportis asakrZalavad, romelTa did britaneTSi warmoeba da gayidva akrZaluli
iyo.
sxva saqmeze sasamarTlom ukanonod cno did britaneTSi germaniidan rezinis gasaberi
Tojinebis importis akrZalva, romelic igive normatiul aqtebs efuZneboda, vinaidan da
ramdenadac did britaneTSi maTi warmoeba da gayidva kanonierad iTvleboda. sasamaTlom
CaTvala, rom aseTi akrZalva proteqcionistul xasiaTs atarebs.
sasamarTlos am gadawyvetilebebidan SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom wevr saxelmwifoebs,
marTalia, ki gaaCniaT ufleba, sazogadoebrivi moralisa da zneobis safuZvelze dayrdnobiT,
TavianT teritoriaze damoukideblad daadginon savaWro SezRudvebi, magram aseT SezRudvebs
diskriminaciuli xasiaTi ar unda hqondes.
sicocxlisa da janmrTelobis dacva. sasamarTlom ukanonod cno germaniis kanonmdeb-
loba, romelic iTxovda mis teritoriaze iseTi ludis gayidvas, romelic gansazRvrul re-
cepturas akmayofilebda; amis gamarTlebas germania adamianTa sicocxlisa da janmrTelobis
dacvis safuZvelze dayrdnobiT cdilobda (saubari exeboda germaniaSi holandiuri ludis _
`hainekenis~ imports). sasamarTlom aseve dausabuTeblad miiCnia italiis mcdeloba, igive sa-
fuZveli gamoeyenebina Cveulebrivi (da ara myari) jiSebis xorblisgan damzadebuli makaro-
niT vaWrobis akrZalvis gasamarTleblad.
Tumca sasamarTlom gamarTlebulad miiCnia wevri saxelmwifoebis moTxovna xelovnu-
ri danamatebis Semcveli kvebis produqtebis importiorebisadmi, _ waredginaT monacemebi
aseTi danamatebis potenciuri riskis Sesaxeb, maSinac ki, Tu maTi Semcveli produqtebi mi-
moqcevaSi imyofeba kavSiris teritoriaze. es ar niSnavs imas, rom importiorebi valdebulni
arian daamtkicon aseTi danamatebis uvnebloba, magram saxelmwifoebs ufleba aqvT moagrovon
informacia, romelic momavalSi SeiZleba gaxdes maT mier aseTi produqciis importis akr-
Zalvis sababi, janmrTelobis dacvis safuZvliT gamarTlebuli. Tumca aseTi akrZalvis safu-
Zvlis arsebobis SemTxvevaSic ki igi ar unda iyos sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis dacvis mi-
znis miRwevis araproporciuli.
sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis dacva. erT-erTi saqme im mcirericxovani saqmeebidan,
rodesac wevr saxelmwifoebs Soris vaWrobis SemzRudveli zoma gamarTlebuli iqna sazoga-
doebrivi usafrTxoebis dacvis safuZvliT, iyo 1984 wlis saqme Campus Oil Ltd. v. Minister for
Industry and Energy. saqmis garemoebebi Semdegnairi iyo: irlandiaSi arsebobda sakanonmdeblo
moTxovna imis Taobaze, rom benzinis yvela importiors maTTvis saWiro benzinis ara nakleb
35% irlandiaSi unda SeesyidaT saxelmwifo navTobgadamamuSavebeli qarxnidan, irlandiis
mTavrobis mier dadgenil fasSi. irlandiis mTavroba aseTi wesis arsebobas sazogadoebrivi
usafrTxoebis interesebiT amarTlebda. igi amtkicebda, rom navTobi aris gansakuTrebuli
________________________
252 _ eg-is dafuZnebis Sesaxeb Zveli xelSekrulebis yofili 30-e muxli, _ avt.
253 _ qvemoT moyvanili saqmeebis Sesaxeb dawvr. ix. Право Европейского Союза. Учебное по-
собие / Кашкин С.Ю., Четвериков А.О., Калиниченко П.А. и др. (отв. ред. С.Ю. Кашкин). - 3-е изд., перераб.
и доп. - Москва: Проспект, 2010, с. 170-172
- 161 -
produqti, romelic yovelTvis dakavSirebulia erovnuli usafrTxoebis interesebTan da rom
nebismieri saxelmwifosTvis aucilebelia sakuTari navTobgadamamuSavebeli warmoebis arsebo-
ba. Tavis mxriv, benzinis savaldebulo Sesyidvis wess unda uzrunveleyo saxelmwifo nav-
TobgadamamuSavebeli warmoebis produqciis mudmivi warmoeba da gayidva.
sasamarTlom uaryo aseTi farTo ganmarteba da ubralod aRiara, rom saxelmwifosa-
gan navTobproduqtebis Sesyidvis minimaluri moTxovnebis arseboba, romelsac ar gaaCnia, an
TiTqmis ar gaaCnia sakuTari navTobmompovebeli da navTobgadamamuSavebeli mrewveloba, eqceva
36-e muxlis gamoyenebis farglebSi.
amave gadawyvetilebaSi sasamarTlom xazi gausva imas, rom sazogadoebrivi usafrTxo-
ebis dacvis zomebi, principSi, ar unda atarebdes ekonomikur xasiaTs da rom maTi gamoyeneba
navTobproduqtebis mimarT warmoadgens gamonakliss saerTo wesidan.
sazogadoebrivi wesrigi. saqonlis Tavisufal gadaadgilebasTan mimarTebaSi SezRudve-
bis SemoRebis iseTi safuZveli, rogoric sazogadoebrivi wesrigia, sakmaod farToa. sasamar-
Tlom mTel rig gadawyvetilebebSi naTlad gansazRvra, rom es safuZveli ar eqvemdebareba
ganvrcobiT ganmartebas da rom igi ar SeiZleba moicavdes, magaliTad, momxmarebelTa ufle-
bebis dacvas.
Tavis gadawyvetilebebSi sasamarTlo xazs usvamda, rom sazogadoebrivi wesrigis kon-
cefcia _ ordre public _ sawyisi etapidanve fangul samarTlebriv koncefcias warmoadgens da
rom sasamarTlo mas swored aqedan gamomdinare ganmartavs. aRniSnulis wyalobiT, sazogado-
ebrivi wesrigis xelyofis safrTxes warmoadgens mxolod safrTxe, romelic kavSiris fuZe-
mdeblur interesebs emuqreba.
saqonlis Tavisufali gadaadgilebis SezRudvis gasamarTleblad iseTi safuZvlis ga-
mosayeneblad, rogoric sazogadoebrivi wesrigia, wevrma saxelmwifom winaswar unda miiRos
mis gankargulebaSi arsebuli yvela zoma da saqonlis Tavisufali gadaadgilebis SezRudva
unda SemoiRos mxolod rogorc ukiduresi aucilebloba.

2.10.3 pirTa Tavisufali gadaadgileba

pirTa Tavisufali gadaadgileba, farTo gagebiT, samarTlebriv normaTa ramdenime
blokisgan Sedgeba. esenia:
a) normebi, romlebic awesrigeben ek-is aramomuSave moqalaqeTa Tavisufal gadaadgi-
lebas, cxovrebis mizniT;
b) normebi, romlebic aregulirebs muSaxelis, aseve maTi ojaxebis wevrTa Tavisufal
gadaadgilebas;
g) normebi, romlebic aregulirebs ek-is aramoqalaqe mSromelTa da sxva pirTa Tavi-
sufal gadaadgilebas;
d) normebi, romlebic awesrigeben dafuZnebis Tavisuflebas, anu gadaadgilebis Tavi-
suflebis nairsaxeobas, oRond im iuridiuli da fizikuri pirebisTvis, romlebic samewarmeo
saqmianobas ewevian.
viwro gagebiT, pirTa Tavisufali gadaadgileba moicavs mxolod migranti muSebisa da
maTi ojaxebis wevrTa gadaadgilebis Tavisuflebas.
sanam pirTa Tavisufali gadaadgilebis ganxilvas SevudgebodeT, aucileblad unda
aRiniSnos, rom 1992 wlidan moyolebuli es Tavisufleba ganxiluli unda iqnas evropis
kavSiris moqalaqeobis konteqstSi. am kuTxiT, xazi unda gaesvas im garemoebas, rom ek-is
funqcionirebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis 21-e muxli specialurad iTvaliswinebs, rom evropis
kavSiris yvela moqalaqes gaaCnia wevri saxelmwifoebis teritoriaze Tavisuflad gadaadgi-
lebisa da cxovrebis ufleba, rameTu es xelSekrulebebiTaa gaTvaliswinebuli (ix. mux. 21,
paragr. 1).
muSaxelisa da maTi ojaxebis wevrTa Tavisufali gadaadgileba nebismieri ekonomikuri
kavSiris umniSvnelovanes safuZvels warmoadgens. amitomac gasakviri araa, rom es Tavisuf-
leba jer kidev romis 1957 wlis xelSekrulebaSi iyo gaTvaliswinebuli. ek-is funqcioni-
rebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebaSi migranti muSebis Tavisufal gadaadgilebas 45-e – 48-e mux-
lebi aqvs daTmobili. principuli mniSvnelobisaa 45-e muxli, romlis me-2 paragrafi Sei-
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