 FRONT END

ASP.NET
Microsoft.net is a set of software technologies for connecting
information, people, system, and devices. This new generation of
technology is based on web services small building-block applications
that can connect to each other as well as to other, large applications
over the internet. .net id the Microsoft solution for web services, the
next generation of software that connects our world of information,
devices, and people in a unified, personalized way.
.NET technology enables the creation and use
of xml-based applications, processes, and website as services that
share and combine information and functionality with each other by
design, on any platform. .net is a comprehensive family of products,
built on industry and internet standards, that provide for each aspect
of developing (tools), managing (servers), using (building block
services and smart clients) and experiencing (rich user experiences)
web services. .net will become part of the Microsoft applications, tools,
and servers you already use today-as well as new products that
extend web service capabilities to all of your business needs.
Microsoft.net is a set of Microsoft software technologies for
connecting information, people, systems, and devices. It enables a
high level of software integration through the use of web services
small, discrete, building block applications that connect to each other
as well as to other and larger applications over the internet.
The pc revolution launched in a world where every computer, whether
a pc or a mainframe, was an isolated island of information. Then, the
commoditization of pc hardware brought about the advent of
networked computers. This shift enabled some sharing of data within
an organization, essentially increasing the size of the islands but doing
little to connect them to each other.
Information exchanges in this new computing environment occur along
many different avenues and go on many different directions to provide
the user with the information required, regardless of its location or
what kind of hardware it resides on.
The integration of systems is the guiding principle – not an
afterthought of distributed computing. Integration delivers compelling
benefits including faster, easier exchange of data within and between
organizations, and more opportunities for businesses to connect with
consumers.

Origin of .Net Technology

1. Ole Technology
Object linking and embedding technology was
developed by Microsoft in the early 1990 to enable easy interprocess
communications. To embed documents from one application into
another application. This enabled users to develop applications which
required inter- operability between various products such as MS Word
and MS Excel.

2. Com Technology
Microsoft introduced component-based model for
developing soft wares programs. In the components –based
approaching a program is broken into a number of independent
components where each one offers a particular service. It reduces the
overall complexity of software. Enables distributed developments
across multiple organization or departments and Enhances software
maintainability

3. Dot Net Technology

.NET technology is a third-generation component model. This
provides a new level of inter-operability compared to COM technology.
COM provides a standard binary mechanism for inter-module
communication .this mechanism is replaced by an intermediate
language called Microsoft Intermediate language (MSIL) or simply IL.
The .Net Framework
The .NET framework is the foundation for .NET development
technologies. It is a Multilanguage development and execution
environment that makes it easy to build, deploy and run Web services,
standard Web applications. Framework enables the integration of
existing IT investments with new applications and services, and gives
developers and organizations the ability to solve the challenges of
deploying and operating Internet-scale applications
 Various components of the visual studio .net

Dot Net Architecture

There are around 27 different languages, which can be the probable

inputs to the .NET framework at the common language specification
layer. Once the specifications are complied, the process of further
delegation comes to light.
 • The object built and written, pass through the stage of the
services layer. This enables the same language to arm their
objects with the services.
• The next step is to move further to collect the data and request
the class libraries for execution from the dependency layer.
• The final launch of the program is done with the help of base
layer comprising common language runtime.
• This the output is Visual Studio.NET

Compilation and Execution of a .Net Application

 The two major components of the .net framework include:

1. The common language runtime, which is the execution

engine for .net framework-based applications. Its functions
include code management (loading and executing code).
Managing memory for applications and objects, enforcing
security rules regarding what resources may be accessed by the
code, and interoperation between .net framework-based code
and pre-existing com objects.

2. Class libraries, which provides functionality for task such as

user interface design, threading, security management, network
communications, and so on. The three most significant groups of
classes are ado.net for data manipulation, asp.net for building
web services, and windows forms for building windows-based
smart client applications.
 These components of the .net framework were
designed from inception to facilitate the inclusion of a broad,
highly flexible range of security options that can be
implemented y developers, administrators, and users. At a
high level, the security features of the .net framework
include:

WEB SERVICES
This interactive animation explains how Web services can help
companies connect standalone system and share information between
various applications. It also looks at how Microsoft .NET-connected
software can be the foundation of Web service solutions.

Benefits of Web services

• Open the door to new business opportunities by making it

easy to connect with partners.
• Deliver dramatically more personal, integrated experiences to
users via the new breed of smart deices-including PCs.
• Save time and money by cutting development time.
• Increase revenue streams by easily making your own Web
services available to others.

.Net Means For Developers

Through the use of Microsoft Visual Studio .NET and the
Microsoft .NET framework, Microsoft provides developers with a full set
of development tools to quickly and easily create state-of-the-art
applications and Web services.
 • Microsoft .NET, through Visual Studio and the .NET
Framework, will enable more rapid development of software
applications and services.
• The .NET framework and Visual Studio .NET will provide
greater reliability for applications and Web services.
• The use of Web services will allow applications and services
created with Microsoft .NET-connected software to integrate
more easily and efficiently.

Faster Development
Through the use of the common language runtime, a part of
the .NET Framework, developers can create Web services using any
modern programming language, greatly increasing the pool of
available developer resources as well as allowing developers the
freedom to use the programming language most suited to solve the
problem at hand.
• Visual studio .NET largely automates the transformation of an
application in to a Web service, decreasing the time and effort
necessary to quickly create and deploy solutions.
• .NET building block services, provides core capabilities needed
by many applications—without requiring additional coding.

Greater Reliability

• The common language runtime provides for a managed

execution environment eliminating memory leaks, access
violation, and versioning problems.
 • The .NET Framework enforces type safety, explicit code
sharing, and application isolation, guaranteeing that no Web
service can affect or illegally call another.

Means for Business

With .NET –connected software and services, businesses can
realize improvements in the time and cost associated with developing
and maintaining their business applications, as well as benefiting from
empowering employees with the ability to act on vital information
anywhere, from any smart device.

• .NET will deliver best of breed integration for businesses.

• Exposing Web services increases potential reach and
exposure, creating new business opportunities.
.NET promises substantial savings in development costs, as well as
creating new revenue streams, through the use of Web services

Rapid development
Microsoft Visual Studio .NET and the .NET Framework empower
developers to quickly and easily create cutting-edge Web services and
applications, building on their existing skills sets. Through
Multilanguage support, developers are freed to use the appropriate
language in building Web services.

Benefits of the Dot Net Approach

1. Simple and faster systems development.

2. Rich object model enhanced built in functionality.
3. Many different ways to communicate with the outside world.
4. Integration of different languages into one platform.
5. Easy deployment and execution.
6. Wide range of scalability.
7. Interoperability with existing applications.
8. Simple and easy to build sophisticated development tools.
9. Fewer bugs.
10. Potentially better performance.

Technology Used: ASP.NET

The Project is developed using ASP.NET. The latest Web Application

Development Technology from Microsoft.

What are Web Applications?

These applications provide content from a server to client machines
over the Internet. Users view the Web application through a Web
browser.

How Web Applications Works?

Web applications use client/server architecture. The Web
application resides on a server and responds to requests from
multiple clients over the Internet, as shown in Figure.
 ASP.NET Web application architecture

On the client side, the Web application is hosted by a browser. The

application’s user interface takes the form of Hypertext Markup
Language (HTML) pages that are interpreted and displayed by the
client’s browser.

On the server side, the Web application runs under Microsoft

Internet Information Services (IIS). IIS manages the application,
passes requests from clients to the application, and returns the
application’s responses to the client. These requests and responses
are passed across the Internet using Hypertext Transport Protocol
(HTTP). A protocol is a set of rules that describe how two or more
items communicate over a medium, such as the Internet.
 Client/server interaction in a Web application

The executable portion of the Web application enables us to do

many things that you can’t do with a static Web site, such as:

• Collect information from the user and store that information

on the server
• Perform tasks for the user such as placing an order for a
product, performing complex calculations, or retrieving information
from a database
• Identify a specific user and present an interface that is
customized for that user
• Present content that is highly volatile, such as inventory,
pending order, and shipment information

This is only a partial list. Basically, you can do anything with a Web
application that you can imagine doing with any client/server
application. What makes a Web application special is that the
client/server interaction takes place over the Internet.
What ASP.NET Provides

ASP.NET is the platform that we use to create Web applications and

Web services that run under IIS. ASP.NET is not the only way to
create a Web application. Other technologies, notably the CGI, also
enable you to create Web applications. What makes ASP.NET
special is how tightly it is integrated with the Microsoft server,
programming, data access, and security tools.ASP.NET provides a
high level of consistency across Web application development.

1. Visual Studio .NET Web development tools.

These include visual tools for designing Web pages and application
templates, project management, and deployment tools for Web
applications.

2. The System Web namespaces.

These are part of the .NET Framework and include the

programming classes that deal with Web-specific items such as
HTTP requests and responses, browsers, and e-mail.

3. Server and HTML controls.

These are the user-interface components that you use to gather

information from and provide responses to users.

In addition to the preceding components, ASP.NET also uses

the following, more general programming components and
Windows tools. These items aren’t part of ASP.NET. However,
they are key to ASP.NET programming.

• Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS).

 As mentioned in the previous section, IIS hosts Web
applications on the Windows server.

• The Microsoft Visual Basic .NET, Microsoft Visual C#, and

Microsoft Visual J# programming languages.

These three languages have integrated support in Visual

Studio .NET for creating Web applications.

• The .NET Framework.

This is the complete set of Windows programming classes,

including the ASP.NET classes as well as classes for other
programming tasks such as file access, data type conversion,
array and string manipulation, and so on.

• Microsoft ADO.NET database classes and tools.

These components provide access to Microsoft SQL Server

and ODBC databases. Data access is often a key component
of Web applications.

• Microsoft Application Center Test (ACT).

This Visual Studio .NET component provides an automated

way to stress-test Web applications.

ASP.NET is the most complete platform for developing Web

applications that run under IIS. However, it is important to
remember that ASP.NET is not platform-independent. Because it is
hosted under IIS, ASP.NET must run on Windows servers. To
create Web applications that run on non-Windows/IIS servers, such
as Linux/Apache, you must use other tools—generally CGI.
Features of an Asp.net
1. Compiled code- code written in asp.net is compiled and not
interpreted .this makes asp.net applications faster to execute than
other server side scripts that are interpreted, such as scripts written in
a previous version of asp.
2. Enriched tool support: the ASP dot net framework is provided
with a rich toolbox and designer inVS.NET IDE.
3. Power and flexibility: asp.net applications are based on common
language runtime therefore the power and flexibility of the .net
platform is available to ASP .net application developers. Asp.net
applications enable you to ensure that the class library, messaging and
data access solutions are seamlessly accessible over the web. Asp. Net
is also language independent therefore, you can choose any. Net
language to develop your application.
4. Simplicity-ASP. Net enables you to build user interfaces that
Separate application logic from presentation content in addition, CLR
simplifies application development by using managed code services
such as automatic reference counting and garbage collection therefore
ASP dot net makes it easy to perform common tasks ranging from
form submission and client authentication to site configuration and
deployment.
5. Manageability- ASP dot net enables you to manage web
application by storing the configuration information in an xml file. You
can open the xml file in the visual studio .net.
6. Scalability- ASP dot net has been designed with scalability in mind.
It has features that help improve performance in multiprocessor
environment.
7. Security- ASP dot net provides a number of options for
implementing security and restricting user access to a web application.
All these options are configured within the configuration file.

ASP.NET delivers the following other advantages to Web application

developers:

• Executable portions of a Web application compiled so they

execute more quickly than interpreted scripts
• On-the-fly updates of deployed Web applications without
restarting the server
• Access to the .NET Framework, which simplifies many
aspects of Windows programming
• Use of the widely known Visual Basic programming language,
which has been enhanced to fully support object-oriented
programming
• Introduction of the new Visual C# programming language,
which provides a type-safe, object-oriented version of the C
programming language
• Automatic state management for controls on a Web page
(called server controls) so that they behave much more like
Windows controls
• The ability to create new, customized server controls from
existing controls

Programming model in ASP dot net

1. Web forms enable you to create user interface for web applications,
you. You use server controls to design the user interfaces of web
applications and then write code, which will be executed at the server-
side, to handle events triggered by these controls.
2. Web services enable you to remotely access certain functionality at
the server side. These services enable the exchange of data in a client-
to-server or a server-to server environment over the web by using
simple object Access Protocol.
3. In ASP.NET, web forms consist of a user interface and application
logic that is applied to the components of user interfaces.
4. A user interface consists of static HTML or XML elements; and
ASP.NET server controls. When you create a web application, HTML or
XML elements and server controls are saved in a file with an .aspx
extension. This file is called a page file.
5. Application logic consists of code that is applied to the user interface
elements of a web Form page. We can use any of the .NET
programming language, such as Visual Basic .NET or C#, to write the
logic for a web page.