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Obviously (a) and (b) are not true. Ans 21. (d) Condition for circle intersects orthogonally,
c
Let (h, k) be the mid-point of AB. 2(g1g2 + f1f2) = c1 + c2 ⇒ 0 = c + 2λ ⇒ λ = −
2
2 2 Ans 22. (b) The centre of the circle which touches each
Therefore h = ,k =
axis in first quadrant at a distance 5, will be (5, 5) and
x1 y1
2 2 radius will be 5.
i.e., x1 = , y1 = ∴ (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = a2
h k
But (x1, y1) lies on x2 + y2 = 4. Hence the result. ⇒ (x – 5)2 + (y – 5)2 = (5)2
Ans 8.(c) Let the required circle be ⇒ x2 + y2 – 10x – 10y + 25 = 0
C–5 ] [ Circle : Maximize Your Potential
FG 1 IJ
P (x 1 , y 1 ) Ans 27. (b) The polar of the point 5, −
H 2 K is
FG y − 1IJ FG −1IJ = −1 ⇒ y – 1 = 2x + 2 Ans 29. (b) The given equation can be written as
⇒
H x + 1K H 2 K (x – 4)2 + (y + 2)2 = 42.
1
1 1
1
We know that the standard equation of the circle with
⇒ 2x1 – y1 = –3 .......(ii) co-ordinates (h, k) is (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2.
On solving the equation (i) and (ii), Comparing the given equation with the standard
equation, we get centre ≡ (4, –2) and radius = 4.
FG −18 , −21IJ
(x1, y1) =
H5 5K Since co-ordinates of the centre of the circle are (4, –2),
therefore the given circle touches y-axis only.
Ans 25. (d) Let (h, 0) be a point on x-axis, then the Ans 30. (d) Given equation is
equation of chord whose mid-point is (h, 0) will be 2x2 + 2y2 + 4x + 8y + 15 = 0
Circle : Maximize Your Potential ] [ C–6
5
⇒ (x + 1)2 + (y + 2)2 = − . FG − 4 ,1IJ
2
This is not possible, as LHS is a positive term.
∴ Values of a and b are
H 3 K respectively according
FG 2 + 13λ IJ + 80 FG 7 / 2 + 3λ IJ = 0
4 4
Ans 33. (c) Length of tangent
⇒ −13
H 2 K H 2 K
= 32 + 4 2 − 2.4.3 − 2.3 − 2.3( −4 ) + 3 = 40
⇒λ=1
∴ Square of length of tangent = 40 Hence the equation of required circle is
Ans 34.(c) Given, x2 + y2 – 2x = 3 4x2 + 4y2 + 30x – 13y – 25 = 0.
∴ Centre is (1, 0) and radius is 2 Ans 37.(d) Given, equation of circle
and x2 + y2 – 4y = 6 x2 + y2 –3x – 4y + 2 = 0 and it cuts the x-axis.
∴ Centre is (0, 2) and radius is 10 . Since the circle cuts the x-axis, therefore y = 0.
Since line ax + by = 2 touches the first circle, And the circle will be
a(1) + b( 0) − 2 x2 + 0 – 3x + 2 = 0
∴ =2
or x2 – 3x + 2 = 0
a 2 + b2
LM OP or (x – 1) (x – 2) = 0 or x = 1, 2.
or (a − 2) = 2 a + b
N Q
2 2
......(i) Therefore the points are (1, 0), (2, 0).
Also the given line is normal to the second circle. Ans 38.(c) Given equations of the circles
Hence it will pass through the centre of the second circle. x2 + y2 – 2x + 6y + 6 = 0 ......(i)
2 2
and x + y – 5x + 6y + 15 = 0 ......(ii)
∴ a(0) + b(2) = 2 or 2b = 2 or b = 1
Putting this value in equation (i) we get We know that the standard equation of a circle is
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0.
a – 2 = 2 a +1
2 2
Therefore for circle (i),
or (a – 2)2 = 4(a2 + 1)
g = –1; f = 3; c = 6; centre
or a2 + 4 – 4a = 4a2 + 4 or 3a2 + 4a = 0
4 A = (1, –3) and radius
or a(3a + 4) = 0 or a = 0, −
3 ( r1 ) = g 2 + f 2 − c = 1 + 9 − 6 = 2.
C–7 ] [ Circle : Maximize Your Potential
⇒ 8h – 12k = 5 ......(iv) Ans 44. (b) Since normal passes through the centre of
Centre of the given circle is (–h, –k) the circle.
Hence locus of (–h, –k) from (iv) we have, ∴ The required circle is the circle with ends of diameter
8(–x) –12(–y) = 5 ⇒ 8x – 12y + 5 = 0. as (3, 4) and (–1, –2).
Ans 41. (c) Given circle is x2 + y2 = 1 ∴ It’s equation is
C(0, 0) and radius = 1 and chord is (x – 3) (x – 1) + (y – 4) (y + 2) = 0
CP ⇒ x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y – 11 = 0.
y = mx + 1 cos 45° =
CR Ans 45.(d) Here the required point is the radical centre
of the three given circle.
Now, S1 – S2 = O ⇒ –16y + 37 = 0
S2 – S3 = O ⇒ 4x – 54 = 0
S3 – S1 = O
⇒ –4x + 16y + 17 = 0
Solving these equations, we get
CP = Perpendicular distance from (0, 0) to chord
y = mx + 1
Circle : Maximize Your Potential ] [ C–8
0+2×0+λ
Ans 46.(d) Here the equation of polar to circle (i) is ∴ = ±2
12 + 22
x – 5y + 13 = 0 and equation of polar to circle (ii) is
x+y–1=0 ∴ λ = ± 2 5; Put the value of λ in (i).
polars intersect at a point.
Ans 47.(c) Here centre (2, –3) Tangents of circle are x + 2y = ± 2 5
circumference = 10π Ans 50.(a) Here Centre is (4, 7).
⇒ 2πr = 10π ⇒ r = 5.
From (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
⇒ (x – 2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 52
⇒ x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y + 13 = 25
⇒ x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y – 12 = 0
Which is the required equation of the circle.
Ans 48.(a) Let circle
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 ......(i)
Circle (i) cuts orthogonally each of the given three Ans 51. (d) Here 2g2(g1 – g2) + 2f2(f1 – f2) = c1 – c2
circles.
Then according to the conditions given. 2(1) (3 – 1) + 2(–3) (–1 + 3) = k + 15
From 2g1g2 + 2f1f2 = c1 + c2 4 – 12 = k + 15 or –8 = k + 15 ⇒ k = –23
2g + 17f = c + 4 .......(ii) Ans 52.(a) Here Given tangents are
7g + 6f = c + 11 .......(iii) 5x – 12y + 10 = 0, 5x – 12y – 16 = 0
–g + 22f = c + 3 .......(iv) c1 − c 2 26
from (ii) (iii) and (iv), Radius = = =1
2 a +b 2 2 213
.
g = –3, f = –2
Therefore the centre of the circle (–g, –f) = (3, 2) Ans 53. (b) Here Equation of line is
Ans 49.(c) Here only (b) and (c) line are parallel to 3x – 2y = k .......(i)
x + 2y + 3 = 0 Circle is x2 + y2 = 4r2 .......(ii)
Also the line to be tangent to x2 + y2 = 4 Equation of line can be written as
Its distance from (0, 0) should be 2.
3 k
Therefore c is the answer. y= x−
2 2
II method :
k 3
Here, c = − ,m =
2 2
−k 3 FG IJ 2
=
2
= ( 2r) 1 +
2 H K (from (ii), a = 2r)