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Angklung

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Angklung with eight pitches


Angklung is a musical instrument made out of two bamboo tubes attached to a bamboo frame.
The tubes are carved so that they have a resonant pitch when struck. The two tubes are tuned to
octaves. The base of the frame is held with one hand while the other hand shakes the instrument
rapidly from side to side. This causes a rapidly repeating note to sound. Thus each of three or
more angklung performers in an ensemble will play just one note and together complete
melodies are produced. Angklung is popular throughout Southeast Asia, but originated from
Indonesia and it has been used and played by the Sundanese since the ancient times.

Etymology
The word Angklung originated from two words angka and lung. Angka means
"tone", and lung means "broken" or "lost". Angklung then means "incomplete tone"

History

In the Hindu period and the era of the Kingdom of Sunda, the angklung played an important role
in ritual ceremonies such as ngaseuk pare, nginebkeun pare, ngampihkeun pare, seren taun,
heleran, etc. These ceremonies were inherent to Sundanese communities; in courtly and
everyday living. In its function as the ritual medium, the angklung was played to honor Dewi Sri,
the goddess of fertility, in a hope that their life and land will be blessed. Angklung is also used to
signal time for prayer[citation needed]. Later, in Kingdom of Sunda these instruments were used as
martial music in the Bubat War (Perang Bubat) as told in the Kidung Sunda.[2]
A couple of Indonesian boys playing Angklung in early 1918.

The angklung functioned to build community spirit. Because of this, the playing of the angklung
was forbade during the Dutch occupation of Indonesia. Because of this, the popularity of the
instrument decreased and it came to be played only by children.[citation needed][2]
The oldest angklung still exist is called Angklung Gubrag. The angklung was made in the 17th
century in Jasinga, Bogor. Nowadays, some of those older angklung remain in Sri Bduga
Museum, Bandung.[2]
As time flown by, the angklung received a more international attention. In 1938, Daeng
Soetigna, from Bandung, created angklung that is based on the diatonic scale instead of the
traditional pélog or sléndro scales. Since then, angklung has been used for educational and
entertainment purposes and are able to accompany western music instruments in an orchestra.
One of the first well-known performances of angklung in an orchestra was during the Bandung
Conference in 1955. Udjo Ngalagena, a student of Daeng Soetigna, opened his "Saung
Angklung" (House of Angklung) in 1966 as a centre for its development.[2]

UNESCO designated angklung as a Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity on


November 18, 2010. As part of the acknowledgment, UNESCO insisted that Indonesia preserve
their heritage.[3]

[edit] Balinese Gamelan Angklung


In Bali, an ensemble of angklung is called gamelan angklung (anklung). While the ensemble
gets its name from the bamboo shakers, these days most compositions for Gamelan Angklung do
not use them. An ensemble of mostly bronze metallophones is used instead, generally with about
20 musicians.
While the instrumentation of gamelan angklung is similar to gamelan gong kebyar, it has several
critical differences. First, the instruments are tuned to a 5-tone slendro scale, though actually
most ensembles use a four-tone mode of the five-tone scale played on instruments with four
keys. An exception is the five-tone angklung from the north of Bali. But even in four-tone
angklung groups, the flute players will occasionally touch on the fifth implied tone. Secondly,
whereas many of the instruments in gong kebyar span multiple octaves of its pentatonic scale,
mosts gamelan angklung instruments only contain one octave, although some five-tone
ensembles have roughly an octave and a half. The instruments are considerably smaller than
those of the gong kebyar.
Gamelan angklung is often heard in Balinese temples, where it supplies musical accompaniment
to temple anniversaries (odalan). It is also characteristic of rituals related to death, and therefore
connected in Balinese culture to the invisible spiritual realm and transitions from life to death
and beyond. Because of its portability, gamelan angklung may be carried in processions while a
funeral bier is carried from temporary burial in a cemetery to the cremation site. The musicians
also often play music to accompany the cremation ceremony. Thus many Balinese listeners
associate angklung music with strong emotions evoking a combination of sacred sweetness and
sadness.
The structure of the music is similar to gong kebyar, although employing a four tone scale.
Jublag and jegog carry the basic melody, which is elaborated by gangsa, reyong, ceng-ceng,
drum, and flute. A medium sized gong, called kempur, is generally used to punctuate a piece's
major sections.
Most older compositions do not employ gong kebyar's more ostentatious virtuosity and
showmanship. Recently many Balinese composers have created kebyar-style works for gamelan
angklung or have rearranged kebyar melodies to fit the angklung's more restricted four tone
scale. These new pieces often feature dance, so the gamelan angklung is augmented with more
gongs and heavier gongs. Additionally, some modern composers have created experimental
instrumental pieces for the gamelan angklung.

http://www.tukangangklung.com/

Welcome to our website


Angklung is a musical instrument made out of two bamboo tubes attached to a bamboo frame.
The tubes are carved so that they have a resonant pitch when struck. The two tubes are tuned to
octaves. The base of the frame is held with one hand while the other hand shakes the instrument
rapidly from side to side.
This causes a rapidly repeating note to sound. Thus each of three or more angklung performers in
an ensemble will play just one note and together complete melodies are produced.

http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Musical+ensemble

Musical ensemble
The King & Carter Jazzing Orchestra photographed in Houston, Texas, January 1921.

The Jalisco Philharmonic Orchestra is an example of a musical ensemble.

The 4th 1000 Cellists Concert;2010.


A musical ensemble is a group of two or more musicians who perform instrumental or vocal
music. In each musical style different norms have developed for the sizes and composition of
different ensembles, and for the repertoire of songs or musical works that these ensembles
perform.
A group of two musicians is called a duo, a group of three is a trio, a group of four a quartet,
and a group of five a quintet. A musician who usually performs alone is usually termed a solo
musician or solo artist.
In classical music, trios or quartets either blend the sounds of musical instrument families (such
as piano, strings, and wind instruments) or group together instruments from the same instrument
family, such as string ensembles or wind ensembles. In jazz ensembles, the instruments
typically include wind instruments (one or more saxophones, trumpets, etc.), one or two chordal
"comping" instruments (electric guitar, piano, or organ), a bass instrument (electric bass guitar or
double bass), and a drummer or percussionist. In rock ensembles, usually called rock bands,
there are usually guitars and keyboards (piano, electric piano, Hammond organ, synthesizer, etc.)
and a rhythm section made up of a bass guitar and drum kit.

http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/extracurricular

Extracurricular activity
Extracurricular activities are activities performed by students that fall outside the realm of the
normal curriculum of school or university education. Extracurricular activities exist at all levels
of education, from 4th-6th, junior high/high school, college and university education.
Such activities are generally voluntary as opposed to mandatory, non-paying, social,
philanthropic as opposed to scholastic, and involve others of the same age. Students often
organize and direct these activities under faculty sponsorship, although student-led initiatives,
such as independent newspapers, are common.

ex·tra·cur·ric·u·lar ( k str -k -r k y -l r)
adj.
1. Being outside the regular curriculum of a school or college: Sports and drama are the school's
most popular extracurricular activities.
2. Being outside the usual duties of a job or profession: The attorney's work for the legal aid
society was extracurricular.
3. Informal Extramarital.

extracurricular [ˌɛkstrəkəˈrɪkjʊlə]
adj
1. (Social Science / Education) taking place outside the normal school timetable extracurricular
activities
2. beyond the regular duties, schedule, etc.

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