Session – 1

Session Name: Introduction to Database

Management System
Author Name: Swati Jain
Department: Computer science
Subject/Course: DBMS
Cell Number: 9893980599
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Swati Jain, TIETECH
Jabalpur
Session Objectives
At the end of this session, the learner will be able to:

• Define the concept of a file processing system.

• Identify the drawbacks of file processing system.
• Define the terms redundancy, isolation, inconsistency, atomicity
and security.
• Define the terms data, database and DBMS.
• Identify the applicability of DBMS.

Teaching Learning Material

• Board and Chalk

• Power Point Presentation

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 Session Plan
Learning
Learning Aid Typical
Time Faculty Outcomes
Content and Student
(in min) Approach (Blooms +
Methodology Activity
Gardeners)

Chalk and Comprehension

Introduction to Introduces Comprehends
Talk Understanding
10 FPS Explains Listens
PPT Intrapersonal

Disadvantages of Comprehension
File Execute and Observes Intrapersonal
Facilitates
10 Processing Understand Answers Interpersonal
System Linguistic

Disadvantages of
Comprehension
File
Intrapersonal
Processing Participates
Role Play Facilitates Interpersonal
10 System Observes
Kinesthetic
(Atomicity,
Linguistic
Security)

Chalk and Comprehension

Participates
10 Need for DBMS Talk Facilitates Intrapersonal
Answers
Linguistic

Understanding
Chalk and
Application of Analyzing
Talk Explains & Comprehends
DBMS Applying
12 Group conducts Participate
Intrapersonal
Discussion
Linguistic

Remembering
Understanding
Question and Facilitates Participates
Conclusion Comprehension
08 Answers Monitors Answers
Intrapersonal
Linguistic

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Jabalpur
Session Inputs
Introduction to File Processing System:

We can start the session by explaining first what is meant by FPS.

• File: A collection of records or documents dealing with one

organization, person, area or subject
• Manual (paper) files
• Computer files

• Record: Logically connected fields that describe a person, place

or thing.

Suggested Activity: PPT

The following picture can be shown to the learner for understanding file
system.Significance of application programs can be explained for the given
example.

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Swati Jain, TIETECH Jabalpur
 After explaining the definition of FPS, we can list the disadvantages
of File Processing System.

Disadvantages of FPS:
1. Redundancy- Different and conflicting versions of same data.

2. Inconsistency- Lack of data integrity.

3. Isolation- Limited data sharing

4. Atomicity
5. Security

After explaining terms of Redundancy, Inconsistency and Isolation,

we can role play for Atomicity and Security.

Suggested Activity (for Atomicity):

Role Play
Here in this role play two of the learners will act as Bank Accounts A and B
respectively, another learner C acts as a Transaction, and learner D acts as a
visitor.
Learner A: I have 100 rupees with me.
Learner B: I have 50 rupees with me.
Learner C comes and picks 100 rupees from learner A and starts walking
towards learner B. Before he/she reaches learner B, learner C is called by the
visitor learner D.
After sometime C analyses the previous situation. He/she thinks of 2 options:
Either he/she can give back Rs.100 to learner A or give to learner B.
The learners are asked to analyze what the play depicts.

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Jabalpur
 This depicts that the transaction should be either done
completely or it is not be done at all. This is called Atomicity and
it is a disadvantage of FPS.

Suggested Activity (for Security):

Role Play
Here in this role play two of the learners A and B.
Learner 1: My dear friend I have well featured mobile with me in my bag.
Learner 2: Oh is it!!
After some time learner 1 leaves the class but forgets to take his mobile.
Then Learner 2 comes in and takes away the mobile.
This depicts that there is no proper security provided which is one of the
major disadvantage of FPS.

Need For DBMS:

Now that we have discussed the disadvantages of FPS. Since the file
system management has problems like repetition of data, integration
problem etc, we need some new system that will reduce these
problems. Hence we prefer the concept of database management
system in place of file system for the data storage requirements.

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Swati Jain, TIETECH Jabalpur
Now, we can start explaining:
What is meant by data?
What a data base?
What a data base management system?

We can take examples of a college, a hospital, a bank, and a company etc to

explain the same.

If we consider our college we have several branches and in turn each

branch contains two sections. Means, we have large volumes of student details
that includes student_rollno, student_name, student_address, student_marks etc.
This is data about students.

Besides, we have data about teaching and non-teaching staff details. That is,
our college consists of voluminous data, which will not fit into a single file.
Hence, we need more storage capacity to store the entire data. So, we can prefer
a database. Henceforth, we can create a database for the college.

In order to access data about student or staff, we need software to extract.

Hence, I can conclude that we have:

Data about: student, teaching staff, non-teaching staff.
Database: the entire college data.
Software: to extract the data.

Data is nothing but processed information.

Database is a collection of data about one particular enterprise.
DBMS is a software system that facilitates the creation and
maintenance and use of an electronic database. It is a set of
computer programs for organizing the information in the database.

Applications of DBMS:
Having introduced the DBMS concept to the learners, we can now
help them to identify the various applications of the DBMS. For this

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 we can have a group discussion activity as follows.

Suggested Activity: Group Discussion

We can divide the class into groups. Each group may have 7-8 learners. Ask
the groups to list out the application areas of DBMS. Each group should come
up with the maximum number of application areas of DBMS. Allotted time is
5 minutes.
Sample applications could be:
1. Banking: all transactions.
2. Airlines: reservations, schedules.
3. Universities: registration, grades.
4. Sales: customers, products, purchases.
5. Online retailers: order tracking, customized recommendations.
6. Manufacturing: production, inventory, orders, supply chain.
7. Human resources: employee records, salaries, tax deductions.

Apart from these applications, the various applications of DBMS in

other fields can also be listed below:

• Distributed databases
• Data warehouse
• Multimedia databases
• Digital Libraries:

Conclusion:

We can conclude the session with some questions based on the

concepts discussed in the session.

Suggested Activity: Question and

Answer
1. What is a FPS?
2. List some of the disadvantages of File Processing System?
3. What is data, database and database management system?

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Swati Jain, TIETECH Jabalpur
 What are the applications of DBMS?

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Jabalpur
Summary
In this session, we learnt to:

1. Define the concept of a file processing system.

2. Identify the drawbacks of the file system.
3. Define the terms file system, data, database and DBMS.
4. Identify the application of DBMS.

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Swati Jain, TIETECH Jabalpur
Assignment
1. What is difference between file system and DBMS?

2. Build a case study (like student/library management system)

related to DBMS concept, where adding more data, modifying
data, retrieving data like facilities are available.

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Jabalpur
References
• Database Management Systems by Silberchatz, Korth
and Sudarshan.

• Fundamentals of Data Base Systems by Elmasri

Navathe.

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Swati Jain, TIETECH Jabalpur