28-05-2011

A
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CONVENTIONAL
8051 MICRCONTROLLER
AND
MODERN ULTRA LOW POWERED MSP 430
Presented By:
#1Nishit
Chittora
#2AkshayNigam
V/s
#3Pankaj Chaudhary
*4Saurabh Porwal

Electronics & Communication Engineering Department

8051 MSP430 #Geetanjali Institute of Technical Studies, Udaipur

CONTENTS at a GLANCE
� INTRODUCTION
� MICROCONTROLLER 8051
� 8051 Key Features
� 8051 Applications
� MODERN ULTRALOW POWERED MSP430
� MSP430 Key Features
� Dominance of MSP430
� Application of MSP430
� WHAT HAS BEEN IMPROVED?
� FEATURE COMPARISON
� CONCLUSIONS
� REFERENCES

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INTRODUCTION

�The popularity of microcontroller is ever increasing, as fuelled

by the advances in the semiconductor industry.

�They are embedded in almost any device connected to

power or battery.

�Limitations of digital electronics ­vanished today,

due to emergence of powerful microcontrollers.

INTRODUCTION …contd.
In this paper we are presenting the

�featured characteristics of latest processor MSP430 by TI.

Further

�A comparison is done among different features of the ultra low power

MSP430 with the conventional 8051 microcontroller.

�Broad application areas and advantages of MSP430 microcontroller over 8051

are reviewed in terms of

�Power consumption

�Number of Code bytes

�Additional on­chip components.

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MICROCONTROLLER
As we all know

� A microcontroller is a functional computer system­on­a­chip.

� It contains :
i) Processor core
ii) Memory
iii)Programmable input/output peripherals.

� They consume relatively little power (MiliWatts).

� Able to retain functionality
� Programmable

Microcontrollers are now used in all automatically controlled products and

devices, such as automobile engine control systems, implantable medical
devices, remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools, and toys.

MICROCONTROLLER 8051

� Conventional Microcontroller

� It is single chip microcontroller (µC) series which was developed

by Intel in 1980 for use in embedded systems

� Harvard architecture

� Intel's original MCS­51 family was based on NMOS technology, but later
versions are based on CMOS technology and were less power­hungry than
their NMOS predecessors.

However, as the need has grown, a desire to control more number of chip
components has increased, which

→seeks more power.

→demands more number of peripherals like ADCs/ DACs, etc

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MICROCONTROLLER 8051 KEY FEATURES

The 8051 architecture provides many functions in a single package

� 8­bit ALU, Accumulator and 8­bit Registers, hence a 8­bit microcontroller.

� 8­bit data bus – It can access 8 bits of data in one operation.
� 16­bit address bus – It can access 216 memory locations – 64 KB
(65536 locations) each of RAM and ROM
� On­chip RAM – 128 bytes (data memory)
� On­chip ROM – 4 Kbyte (program memory)
� Four byte bi­directional input/output port
� UART (serial port)
� Two 16­bit Counter/timers
� Two­level interrupt priority
� Power saving mode

MICROCONTROLLER 8051 ­ ARCHITECTURE

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APPLICATION OF MSP430

At present, 8051 microcontroller are generally used in

� Home Appliances
� Office Accessories
� Portable electronic gadgets
� Biomedical instrumentation
� Automobile industries
� Mission critical application
� Solar panels etc.
However, the increasing technology with rising demand to incorporate more
number of features utilizing same/less power has led to the evolution of ultra
low power microcontrollers like­ MSP430.

MODERN ULTRA LOW POWERED MSP430

� MSP430 are mixed­signal microprocessors and are

now ready to offer solutions for today and tomorrow's
mixed­signal applications.

� 16­bit RISC CPU

� Various on­chip peripherals available

� Von­Neumann common memory architecture

� Flexible clock system

� Designed for low cost and specifically, low power consumption embedded
applications

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FEATURE COMPARISON

Features 8051 MSP430

Processor width 8­bit 16­bit

Architecture 8­bit internal data bus width and 16­ Flexibility of 16 fully­addressable,
bit internal single­cycle, 16­bit CPU registers.
address bus with Harvard
architecture.

Register Sets 8­bit and 16­bit 16­bit CPU registers.

Type of processor CISC RISC

Addressing modes 5 7

MSP430 FEATURES

Specialized on­chip analog components

� 10/12/16­bit Analog­to­Digital Converter (ADC)

� 12­bit dual Digital­to­Analog Converter (DAC)
� Comparator­gated timers to count for events.
� Operational Amplifiers for comparison.
� Supply Voltage Supervisor (SVS) to generate a system reset (POR) when
the external supply voltage drops below a user­selectable threshold.

Architectural features:

� 16­bit RISC
� Instructions processing done on any bits, bytes or words.
� Compact core design which reduces power consumption and cost.
� It has 51 instructions (27 core + 24 emulated).
� Supports 7 addressing modes.
� Extensive vectored­interrupt capability.

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POWER REQIUREMENT

• MSP430 has low power consumption.

a. It takes only 0.1µA for RAM data retention.

b. Requires 0.8 µA for real time clock mode operation.
c. 250 µA per MIPS (Machine Instructions per Second) at active
operation.

• It works on low operating voltages ranging from 1.8 V to 3.6 V

in different operating modes.
Feature 8051 MSP430
• The port has low leakage current typically less than 50nA.

These controllers can be put easily from active mode to Power 5 Volt 1.8­3.6 Volt
low­power mode by controlling bits in the status register. requirement
These supports several low­power modes, depending on how
Power 1.5Watt 4.5mW
much of the device should remain active and how quickly it
should return to full­speed operation. dissipation

FEATURE COMPARISON

Current Consumption (in µA)

Current 300
Consumption
Modes (in µA) 250

Active Mode 0.75

200
LPM0 0.105
150
Current
LPM1 0.132 Consumption (in
100 µA)
LPM2 0.0475
50
LPM3 0.0144
0
LPM4 0.0018 Active LPM0 LPM1 LPM2 LPM3 LPM4
Mode

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DOMINANCE OF MSP430

Figure­1 shows the total code size in bytes for each microcontroller with no
optimization and with full optimization.
8000

7000
Codes size in Bytes

6000

5000

4000 Unoptimized
Optimized
3000

2000

1000

0
MSP430FG4619 8051

DOMINANCE of MSP430

Figure­2 shows the total cycle count for each microcontroller

with no optimization and with full optimization

80000

70000

60000

50000

40000 Unoptimized
Optimized
30000

20000

10000

0
MSP430FG4619 8051

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APPLICATION OF MSP430
Within the MSP430 platform, it includes 5 generations of ultra­low power,
highly integrated microcontrollers spanning over 200 devices.

It also offers various levels of analog integration, digital peripherals, and

communication protocols to help developers find the right microcontroller for
various applications.

� Communication and telecom

� Utility Metering
� Portable Medical and instrumentation
� Low­power Wireless Application
� Intelligent Sensing
� Consumer Electronics
� Security Systems
� Energy and lightening
� Space Avionics and Defence
� Transportation Automotive

WHAT OTHER HAS BEEN IMPROVED…?

XIN XOUT

ACLK
12MHz FLASH RAM Power­On Port 1
Programmable
Basic Clock System Basic Reset with IRQ
Clock 1­8 KB 256B Pull­Ups / ­ Downs
Plus Plus SMCLK
Brown­Out
Improved Oscillators Protection

MCLK BOR
MAB
J T A G/De B UG

FLASH RISC CPU

16­bit
MDB
Higher Speed
16MHz Comparator_A
TEST
+ Sample & Hold
Multiplexer
Watchdog Timer_A3 Comp_A Port 2
Plus with IRQ
16­bit Mux Input
WDT+ 15­bit Programmable
Improved Robustness Pull­Ups / ­ Downs

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SIGNAL CHAIN on CHIP­ SCoC

• Complete Signal Chain On a Chip SCoC

• High performance­to­cost benefits
• Embedded emulation allows real­time authentic debugging
• High performance A/D converter can eliminate the need for signal
amplification
• Integrated D/A converters complete the signal chain
• DMA enabled peripherals eliminate Peripheral Interface Control

MSP430F169
Feature 8051 MSP430
Sensor Digital to Analog
Analog to Digital Analog On­chip Not Available Available
Signal Converter
Converter 3-Channel Output wireless
Input
DMA
IrDA features
Serial COM DMA Not Available Available
16 x 16 16-bit RISC I2C upto 3 to 8
MACS CPU Readout channels.

FEATURE COMPARISON

Interfacing General purpose Devices A wide selection of on­chip general

interfaced externally purpose devices based on specific
MSP430Fxxx platform.
Instruction sets 127 51 instructions (27 core + 24
emulated)
Timers 2 to 3 Several timers few of which have
capture compare modes.
Watch Dog No Yes

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FEATURE COMPARISON

Number of on­ Not Available Available on­chip – USB, LCD, LCD_A

chip controllers, Software RTC Module.
components

ADC and DAC External interface required Available on­chip

10, 12 and 16­bit different ADCs in
specific devices.
Clocking System Fixed Flexible Clocking System
MCLK, ACLK, SMCLK

Interfacing General purpose Devices A wide selection of on­chip general

interfaced externally purpose devices based on specific
MSP430Fxxx platform.
Instruction sets 127 51 instructions (27 core + 24
emulated)

Timers 2 to 3 Several timers few of which have

capture compare modes.

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FEATURE COMPARISON

Power 5 Volt 1.8­3.6 Volt

requirement

Power 1.5Watt 4.5mW

dissipation

Number of on­ Not Available Available on­chip – USB, LCD, LCD_A

chip controllers, Software RTC Module.
components

ADC and DAC External interface required Available on­chip

10, 12 and 16­bit different ADCs in
specific devices.
Clocking System Fixed Flexible Clocking System
MCLK, ACLK, SMCLK

FEATURE COMPARISON

Low power modes Only one. Five modes available.

Programming Aging RS 232 4­wire JTAG and Spy Bi­wire interface.

Interface

Cost Comparatively high. low­cost,

Lower­end applications. Ideal for high­
volume/Low­cost designs. (25 cents)

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CONCLUSION
One of the most important quality standards for battery powered devices is battery life.
Handheld medical tools, electricity meters, personal digital assistants, and a goal of the
designer and programmer is to lower the power use of the embedded system to negligible
levels.

� In designing battery powered devices, savings can be gained from the choice of electronic
components, the arrangement of components, and the software on the design. The
MSP430 supports various low power modes thus we can conclude that, the ultra­low power
mixed­signal microcontrollers from TI provides the ultimate solution for a wide range of low
power and portable applications.

� To enable the adoption of advanced low­power techniques by mainstream users, the

MSP430 fulfils the need for a design flow which holistically addresses the architecture,
design, verification, and implementation of low­power designs.

The major advantage of MSP430 is that it requires very low input power supply for its
operation, Further more it has inbuilt ADC and DAC which are not present in 8051
microcontroller. The MSP430's DMA allows data transfers from one address to another without
CPU intervention, across the entire address range. This features up to three independent
transfer channels.

REFERENCES:
1. John H. Davies, MSP 430 Microcontroller Basics, 2010, Elsevier Inc., ISBN: 9780750682763
2. Chris Nagy, Embedded Systems Design using the TI MSP430 Series, 2003, Boston Newnes,
3. Embedded Technology Series, ISBN 075067623X. MSP430 Microcontroller Essentials, CD­ROM from
Texas Instruments, 2009.
4. Ajay V. Deshmukh, 2008, Microcontrollers: Theory and Applications, First Edition, Tata McGraw­
Hill Publishing Company Ltd., ISBN: 9780070585959
5. Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Janice Gillespie Mazidi and Rollin D. McKinley, The Microcontroller and
Embedded Systems: using Assembly & C, 2009, Second Edition, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.,
ISBN: 9788131710265
6. Kenneth J. Ayala and Dhananjay V. Gadre, The 8051 Microcontrollers and Embedded Systems:
Using Assembly & C, 2010, Second Impression, Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd., ISBN: 9788131511053
7. Satish Shah, 8051 Microcontrollers: MCS51 family and its variants, 2010, First Edition, Oxford University Press,
ISBN:9780198063575
8. Scott Mackenzie and Raphael C.­W. Phan, The 8051 Microcontroller, 2008, Fourth Edition, Pearson Education,
ISBN: 9788131720189
9. Han­Way Huang, Embedded System Design using C8051, 2009, Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd.,
ISBN: 9788131512241
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_MCS­51
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TI_MSP430
http://focus.ti.com/mcu/docs/mcumspoverview.tsp?sectionId=95&tabId=140&familyId=342

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Thank You �

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