211-1-47110-0 - TDR - R00 2

Dokumentennummer:
Document No./ N.Ode documento:

211-1-47110-0- TOR- ROO
Technisches Datenbuch
Technical Data Book I Libro de datos tecnicos
Produktbenennung:
Product Designation I Denominaci6n:
4 Stage Vacuum System
Kunde: Kunden-Besteii-Nr.: Auftragbestätigungs-N r.:

Customer I Cliente: Custome~s order No. / N.' de pedido del cliente : Order confirmation No./ N.' de conf. del pedido:
INDUSTRIA DE ACEITES Y 8132 7500046045
GRASAS SUPREMA S. A. Bestellpositions-Nr. : Fertigungs-Nr.:
Order pos. No. IN.' de posici6n de pedido: Manufacturing No./ N.' de producci6n :
--- 3/211/1/47110
Projekt: Fabrik-Nr.:
Project I Proyecto: Manufacturing serial No./ N. 0 de fabrica:
--- 211-1-47110-0
ltem-Nr. : Zeichnungs-Nr. :
ltem No. I N.' de articulo: Drawing No./ N.' de imagen:
--- 02042652
Kundenbenennung: Zeichnungspositions-Nr. :
Custome~s description I Denominaci6n del cliente: Pos . No. of drawing I N.0 de posici6n de imagen:
-- --
- - -- - - -
Revision Datum Beschreibung Ausgestellt Genehmigt Freigegeben
Revision Date Description Created Approved Released
Revision Date Description Cree Approuve Libere
Dieses Dokument ist vertraulich und Eigentum der Körting Hannover GmbH , die ihr Recht nach dem Gesetz schützt.
This document has a confidential nature and is the property of Körting Hannover GmbH wich will protect its right according the law.
Ce document a un caractere confidentiel et est Ia propriete de Körting Hannover GmbH qui protegera son droit selon Ia loi.
Dokumentennummer:
Document No. I N."de documento:
211-1-47110-0- WPZ- ROO
Kunde: Kunden-Besteii-Nr. : Auftragbestätigurms-Nr.:
Customer I Cliente: Custome~s order No. I N." de pedido del cliente: Order confirmation o. IN." de conf. del pedido:
GRASAS SUPREMA S. A. Bestellpositions-Nr.: Ferti~ungs-Nr. :
Order pos. No. I N. 0 de posici6n de pedido: Manu acturing No. IN." de producci6n:
-- 3/211/1/47110
ProJect I Proyecto: Manufacturing serial No. IN." de fabrica:
-- 211-1-47110-0
Benennung: ltem-Nr.. : Zeichnungs-Nr.:
Subject I Denominaci6n: ltem No. IN." de articulo: Drawing No. IN." de imagen:
-- 02042652
4 Stage Vacuum System Kundenbenennung: Zeichnunpspositions-Nr.:
Custome~s description 1Denominaci6n del cliente: Pos. No. o drawing IN." de posici6n de imagen:
-- 10-60
Werksprüfzeugnis
Work's Specific Test Report
Certificado de ensayo en fabrica
Das (Die) Bauteil(e) wurde(n) folgenden Prüfungen unterzogen:
The component(s) was (were) subjected to the following examinations:
Los componentes deben someterse a las siguientes pruebas:
Vorgeschriebener Werkstoff: Sichtprüfung
1 Prescribed material .f 3 Visual inspection .f
Materiales prescritos Control visual
Einhaltung relevanter Maße Wasserdruckprüfung
2 Observerance of relevant dimensions .f 4 Hydraulic Test .f
Cumplimiento de las medidas relevantes Control de presi6n del agua
Fabrik-Nr.: Benennung :
Manufacturing No. Subject:
N.' de tabrica : Denominaci6n :
211-1-47110-1 Steam jet booster NPS 20/16

211-1-47110-2 Steam jet booster NPS 16/14
211-1-47110-3 Steam jet ejctor NPS 2 1/2
211-1-47110-4 Steam jet ejctor NPS 1
211-1-47110-5 Mixing condenser 0 700
211-1-47110-6 Mixing condenser 0 219
Ergebnis: Undichtigkeiten und/oder bleibende Verformungen wurden nicht festgestellt. Alle

Result: Prüfungen wurden ohne Beanstandungen durchgeführt.
Resultado: Leakage and I or remaining deformation were not detected. The tests were completed without objections.
Fugas ylo deformaciones permanentes no se observaron. Los resultados de las pruebas han sido satisfactorios.
Bemerkung:
Remark:
Observaci6n :
Marina
Chevtchenko
2022.01.19
12:07:46
Hannover, 2022-01-19 +01'00'
Ort und Datum
Place and date of issue Dieses Dokument wurde elektronisch unterschrieben.
Lugar y fecha This document has been electronically signed.
Körting Hannover GmbH

Geschaftsführung:
Badenstedter Straße 56 Postfach 91 13 63 Telefon: +49 511 2129-0 E-Mail: info@koerting.de Dr.-lng. York Fusch (Vorsitzender)
D-30453 Hannover D-30433 Hannover Telefax: +49 511 2129·223 tntemet: www.koerting .de Dipi.-Kfm. Martin Fusch
Dokumentennummer:
'RFXPHQW1R 1rGHGRFXPHQWR
211-1-47110-0 - IOM - R00
Betriebsanleitung English
Operating manual / Instrucciones de uso
Produktbenennung:
Product Designation / Denominación:
4 Stage Vacuum System
Kunde: Kunden-Bestell-Nr.: Auftragbestätigungs-Nr.:

&XVWRPHU &OLHQWH &XVWRPHU
VRUGHU1R 1|GHSHGLGRGHOFOLHQWH 2UGHUFRQILUPDWLRQ1R1|GHFRQIGHOSHGLGR
GRASAS SUPREMA S. A. Bestellpositions-Nr.: Fertigungs-Nr.:
2UGHUSRV1R 1|GHSRVLFLµQGHSHGLGR 0DQXIDFWXULQJ1R 1|GHSURGXFFLµQ
--- 3/211/1/47110
3URMHFW 3UR\HFWR 0DQXIDFWXULQJVHULDO1R1|GHI£EULFD
--- 211-1-47110-0
Item-Nr.: Zeichnungs-Nr.:
,WHP1R 1|GHDUW¯FXOR 'UDZLQJ1R 1|GHLPDJHQ
--- 02042652
Kundenbenennung: Zeichnungspositions-Nr.:
&XVWRPHU
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Formular Nr.: 2102
--- ---
Deckblatt
Rev. 02.17 / 2021-12-16
R00 2022-01-20 --- Schulz Chevtchenko Skwarek

Revision Datum Beschreibung Ausgestellt Genehmigt Freigegeben
Revision Date Description Created Approved Released
Révision Date Description Créé Approuvé Libéré
Dieses Dokument ist vertraulich und Eigentum der Körting Hannover GmbH, die ihr Recht nach dem Gesetz schützt.
This document has a confidential nature and is the property of Körting Hannover GmbH wich will protect its right according the law.
Ce document a un caractère confidentiel et est la propriété de Körting Hannover GmbH qui protégera son droit selon la loi.
INSTRUCTIONS BAL 211-11 / 102 E
for Transport, Assembly, Operation and 3/211/1/47110
Maintenance of a Multi-stage
Körting Hannover GmbH Vacuum Ejector System (VES) page 1 of 19
These operating instructions are related to the

Multi-stage Vacuum Ejector System (VES) with
inter-condensers (direct contact condensers)
for barometric installation
Customer: INDUSTRIA DE ACEITES Y GRASAS SUPREMA,

S.A., Guatemala
Customer's Purchase N°.: 8132
Körting Order Ref.-N°.: 3/211/1/47110
Assembly Drawing N°.: 02042652
CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Safety, safety precautions
3.0 Transport, intermediate storage --- Observe strictly!
4.0 Function, description
5.0 Operating data
6.0 Fitting position, dimensions, connections, assembly
7.0 Commissioning, operation, shut-down
8.0 Malfunctions and their sources
9.0 Procuring spare parts, parts subject to wear
10.0 Maintenance
ANNEXES
Assembly drawing
Körting Information "Trouble Sources in Vacuum Plants"
Körting Information "Performance Measurements on Steam Jet Vacuum Pumps"

Date: 20.01.2022 PO Box 91 13 63, D-30433 Hannover
Prepared: STM-SL Telefon +49 511 2129-0
Telefax +49 511 2129-223
www.koerting.de
1.0 Introduction
These operating instructions contain fundamental directions on how

to transport, assemble, operate and maintain the multi-stage Vacuum
Ejector System (VES) in a safe, correct and economical manner.
Paying attention to these instructions will help to avoid dangerous situa-

tions, to reduce repair costs and shut-down time and to increase the relia-
bility and life expectancy of the VES.
2.0 Safety, safety precautions
2.1 Important instructions concerning safety which, when disregarded, could

lead to the endangerment of persons, of the installed apparatus and its
functioning, have been marked in these instructions with a .
 It is most important that the fitter in charge resp. skilled workers/

Owner/ Manager read these instructions through thoroughly before
effecting transport, assembly, commissioning and maintenance and
that these instructions are observed at all times.
Not only are the instructions as stated under this Point (Safety) to be
observed but also those safety instructions given under other headings.
2.2 Qualification of personnel, training
Assembly, operation and maintenance of the VES is to be carried out sole-

ly by suitably qualified personnel.
Therefore the Owner/Manager must ascertain that the personnel desig-

nated to carry out jobs/activities in connection with this VES have the re-
quired qualifications resp. have been suitably trained and that they fully
understand the contents of these operating instructions.
The extent of responsibility, competence and supervision of personnel

must be determined exactly by the Owner/Manager.
2.3  These operating instructions must be always available at the vacuum

ejector system's service point.

PO Box 91 13 63, D-30433 Hannover
Telefon +49 511 2129-0
Telefax +49 511 2129-223
www.koerting.de
2.4 Possible dangers on non-observance of the safety measures
 Non-observance of the safety measures can lead to the endangerment of

persons as well as of the environment, of the VES and of other apparatus
connected to it. Non-observance of these safety measures can lead to the
loss of all rights to claim indemnification.
 In particular, non-observance can cause the following dangerous situations:
- breakdown of important functions of the VES/the plant,

- failure of prescribed methods for maintenance & care,
- endangerment of persons, e.g. mechanical and chemical effects,
- endangerment of the environment through leakage of noxious
substances.
2.5 Working according to the safety rules
The safety measures in these operating instructions, national safety rules

for the prevention of accidents as well as any internal rules concerning
work, operating- and safety measures from the Owner/Manager's side,
must be observed.
2.6 Safety measures for the Owner/Manager resp. Operator
 If the VES is to be subjected to substances for which its materials cannot

be defined exactly, then a material durability test must be carried out at
site before the VES is put into operation.
 This will prevent material damage at a later date and possible damages to
the environment resp. injuries to persons as a result thereof.
 Depending on the VES wall temperatures, the apparatus (especially the

motive steam lines and steam chests as well as the heating jackets of the
heated ejectors) should be insulated at site against heat radiation and for
contact protection.
 If necessary, the VES should be provided with a sound insulation at site as

a protection against noise nuisance and to prevent damages to the hear-
ing system. In such a case, it is possible that the above mentioned heat
insulation can also serve as sound insulation.

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2.7 Directions for safety precautions during maintenance and servicing
The Owner/Manager must take care that all maintenance and service jobs
are carried out solely by authorised and qualified personnel. Furthermore,
he must ascertain that the personnel concerned has acquired sufficient
knowledge by studying the operating instructions very carefully.
 On principle,
- in cases where the VES has been subjected to aggressive/

health endangering substances, that it is decontaminated/rinsed
out and released for further activities before dismantling and
maintenance jobs take place,
whereby the rules governing waste disposal and environmental

protection are to be observed at all times and
- that dismantling and maintenance jobs are not carried out until the
VES - working at high temperatures - has been
- taken out of operation,

- has cooled down and
- the excess pressure in the system has been reduced.
 During these actions, strict attention must be given to the proce-

dures listed under Points 7.3 (Shut-down) and 10.0 (Maintenance).
 Observation of the above points will help to avoid injuries to persons, i.e.
burns/scalds, with aggressive substances also acid burns, as well as dam-
ages to the apparatus/plant.
 On completing such jobs, any safety protection devices in use must be

reassembled immediately, checked through and set to operate.
Recommissioning to take place according to Point 7.1 (Commissioning).

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2.8 Unauthorised modifications resp. manufacturing of spares
Modifications or alterations to the VES are not allowed without first consult-
ing Körting. Original spare parts are indispensable for a correct functioning
of the apparatus and serve to guarantee safe operation. Use of other than
original parts may cancel out a liability for consequential damages.
2.9 Correct use / Unauthorised methods of operation
 This VES has been constructed especially for operation as

described under Point 4.0 and for the operating data according to Point 5.0.
 Safe operation can only be guaranteed by proper use (Point 4.0 (Function)),
observation of the operating data - see Point 5.0 - as well as operation and
maintenance by suitably qualified personnel - see Point 2.2 (Qualification
of personnel). The safety precautions as given under Point 2.5 must be
observed.
Correct use also entails observance of the operating instructions and
carrying out maintenance according to Point 10.0.
3.0 Transport, Intermediate Storage --- Especially important!
Transporting the VES to the point of installation resp. connection point

must be effected with great care and with due consideration to the safety
precautions given under Point 2.5.
 On no account may lifting devices be attached to assembled pipelines

and/or ejectors.
Scope of supply see packing list - please check this list through when
unpacking the goods.
 All openings on the VES should remain closed resp. are to be closed until
assembly actually takes place as a protective measure to prevent dirt and
other foreign objects entering the apparatus.
Intermediate storage - only under cover (warehouse).

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4.0 Function, Description
4.1 The VES operates as an individual unit within a complete plant and serves
to generate a vacuum.
4.2 The ejectors of the individual stages belonging to the VES suck off gases
and vapours from a vacuum with the aid of kinetic energy gained from ex-
panded motive steam and then compress these together with the motive
steam portion to a higher pressure (for the last stage this is normally atmos-
pheric pressure).
Water vapour serves as the motive medium.
4.3 In direct contact condensers situated between the individual stages, the
condensable vapours - especially the motive steam portion coming from
the pre-connected upstream ejector - are condensed with the aid of cool-
ing water thereby relieving the after-connected ejector which only has to
remove the non-condensable gases (air).
4.4 Shut-off devices (shut-off valves, gate valves or ball-cocks), measuring

instruments and pipelines as depicted in the assembly drawing (see annex)
are also indispensable for a correct functioning of the VES.

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5.0 Operating data
Note: All pressures of the operating data refer to the VES

respective flange connections.
The Item Nos. mentioned below may be taken from the assembly
drawing. (Annex)
5.1 Suction flow: 9 kg/h air

+ 125 kg/h water vapour
+ 9 kg/h FFA
5.1.1 Suction flow temperature: 100 °C
5.2 Suction pressure: 2.66 mbar
5.3 Discharge pressure final stage: 1013 mbar
5.4 Direct contact

condenser Intermediate pressure Cooling water discharge flow
a) Item 50 67 mbar 37 °C max.
b) Item 60 240 mbar 45 °C max.
5.5 Cooling water inlet: 32.0 °C, max.
5.6 Cooling water excess pressure: 0.5 bar, just before the inlet of
the direct contact condenser
5.7 Jet ejector Ø Diffuser throat Ø Motive steam nozzle orifice

a) Item 10 227 mm 8.6 mm
b) Item 20 180 mm 11.2 mm
c) Item 30 30 mm 3.6 mm
d) Item 40 12.5 mm 3.5 mm
5.8 Motive steam excess pressure: 8.5 bar / g. saturated 178 °C

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5.9 Test nozzle: Orifice diameter: 3.72 mm ø

(Application: see Körting Information "Trouble Sources in Vacuum Plants“)
- Annex.
5.10 Excess heating steam pressure: 8.5 bar, just before the orifice
plate at the heating steam inlet.
Max. allowable operating pressure

for the heating jacket: 0.5 bar (g)
6.0 Fitting position, Dimensions, Connections, Assembly
6.1  Fitting position and alignment of the individual components making up the
VES as well as the dimensions and connections may be taken from the
enclosed assembly drawing (Annex)
and must be observed accordingly when carrying out assembly/installation.
At all events, take care that the condensate/cooling water can be discharged
freely at all times - see hereto also Point 6.6 (Assembly/Barometric pipes).
6.2 Before assembling the VES, please ensure that the pipeline
system of the whole plant has been cleaned thoroughly.
Remove any rust protection applied previously to the flange sealing surfaces
before starting on assembly jobs.
See here and observe Point 10.9 (Maintenance)!
6.3  The approved rules of engineering are to be observed when fitting/

assembling the VES - see hereto
- also Point 3.0 (Transport),
- especially the use of lifting devices,
- and Point 2.5 (Safety measures).
The VES is to be installed/assembled by suitably qualified
personnel - see Points 2.2 and 6.1 -,
 especial care is to be taken that
- the correct flow directions acc. to the assembly drawing - marked by
arrows - are observed,
- the nominal widths of the supply- and discharge lines are not smaller
than the respective connections to the VES,
- the supply and discharge lines do not introduce any forces or moments,
- no clogging by welding slag, sealing residues or the like can occur,
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- especially the motive steam lines are free of all impurities before
commissioning (see above). Any substances can cause a malfunc-
tion of the VES due to clogged nozzle orifices.
 Furthermore pay attention that:
6.4 All gaskets must be seated concentrically and should not narrow flow
cross-sections.

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6.5 The VES is to be installed at such an elevation that the difference in height
from the water outlet of the first direct contact condenser to the liquid level
in the hot well amounts to at least 11 m.
6.6 The hot well for submerging all the barometric leg pipes can be any vessel
open to the atmosphere.
The barometric leg pipes for the individual direct contact condensers must
be installed separately and with a depth of 300 mm above the floor of the
hot well. The volume of the hot well should be chosen of such a size that
the total cooling water circuit can be filled. In this respect however, please
observe that the barometric leg pipes should always remain submerged.
Please also pay attention to the fact that fittings may not be installed in the
barometric leg pipes.
Should local conditions prevent the installation of a vertical barometric leg
pipes, then any lateral deviations must not be effected until after approx.
2...3 meters in vertical distance and with max. 45° from the vertical line.
6.7 ATTENTION!
 When installing ejectors with identical external dimensions it is most
important to pay attention to the correct sequence according to the number-
ing on the inlet- and/or outlet flange, as these ejectors can have diverging
internal dimensions. The same applies to the removable motive steam
nozzles which show the same numbering.
6.8  When installing the motive steam lines, please observe that motive steam
must reach the nozzles in a dry condition. Wet steam will cause prema-
ture wear in the motive steam nozzles and the mixing section of the diffuser
of the jet ejectors and, in the case of small nozzle bores, will also interfere
with efficient performance.
The motive steam pipelines should be installed at least in the nominal
diameter given by the jet ejector.
Before entering the ejectors, motive steam should be dehydrated e.g., by
installing a droplet separator (steam trap with drainage).
Furthermore, a partial condensation of the steam must be prevented by
providing short, insulated pipelines after the droplet separator (steam
strainer with drainage).
For the same reason, the tapping point for the withdrawal of motive steam
must be situated at the top of the main steam supply line.

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If the heating line for heating an ejector stage is attached to the motive
steam line, then this heating line must be provided with a separate shutoff
valve. It must be guaranteed that the maximum design pressure given in
the assembly drawing (Annex)
for the heating area is not exceeded. For this, the condensate discharge
leading to the atmosphere must be without a shutoff device.
When installing a condensate discharge, protect the heating jacket by
means of a safety valve.
6.9 The gas discharge line from the after-connected mixing condenser can be
led away to the atmosphere or through a further barometric leg pipe into the
hot well. With a barometric height difference, the latter solution has the ad-
vantage of providing an effective water seal between vacuum and atmos-
phere following shutdown of the vacuum system, providing that the water
volume in the hot well between normal liquid level and lower end of the bar-
ometric leg pipes is sufficient enough to fill these tubes.
If the discharge line of the atmospheric stage is to be submerged in the hot
well, then its nominal width should be larger than the nominal outlet width
of the atmospheric stage. Provide a separate chamber in the hot well for
this line in order to prevent a reflux of air into the barometric leg pipes.
Submergence depth of this pipe should not exceed 200 mm to prevent an
increase in the discharge pressure of the atmospheric stage. In the event of
a submergence depth in excess of this value, please consult the manufac-
turers.
If the discharge line of the atmospheric stage is to be led upwards (into the
atmosphere), then a drainage point should be provided at the lowest point.
Furthermore, this discharge line should also be executed in the next larger
size than that of the nominal outlet width of the atmospheric stage.
6.10 The cooling water supply lines must be installed in such a way that a suffi-
cient cooling water flow to the direct contact condensers is assured, in
spite of water tappings at other points.
Where cooling water containing coarse impurities is in use, it is advisable
to install a filter at site.
6.11 The vacuum line between the units to be evacuated and the VES should be
installed as short as possible in order to avoid pressure losses.
 To keep pressure losses down as low as possible with vacuum lines of
more than 5 m, it is advisable to install them at least one diameter larger
than the respective connection flange.
In order to carry out a performance test for the VES, to determine leaks in
the process equipment and to prevent refluxes into the process equipment
during VES shutdown, it is advisable to install a vacuum-tight shut-off device
(slide valve) between the VES and the process unit.
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6.12 Shut-off valves for motive steam and cooling water should be located at
the most convenient point for handling. They should, however, be installed
as near as possible to the jet ejectors resp. the direct contact condensers.
This is necessary in order to assure the required minimum pressures just
before inlet to the motive steam nozzles and the cooling water nozzles.
6.13 Pressure vacuum gauges are used as measuring instruments to adjust the
minimum motive steam pressure and must be located between valves and
jet ejectors. These instruments are to be calibrated at regular intervals.
A suitable pressure measuring device with shutoff valve is to be used to
check the vacuum - measure the design pressure. The measuring line
must be installed without water pocket tube, otherwise faulty readings
could be the result. See here also DIN 28 430.
At site, thermometers are to be installed in the barometric leg pipes in
order to check the respective discharge temperature. The installation posi-
tion must be below the liquid level occurring during operation.
6.14 After assembly has been completed, the whole plant can be checked for
leakages by means of a vacuum test (see here also Körting Information
„Trouble Sources in Vacuum Plants“) - Annex
6.15  With pre-assembled connections, retighten the screw-bolts evenly. This is

to be repeated after the first commissioning.
6.16 The VES can be operated outdoors.

 However, when there is danger of frosty weather, please proceed with
measures as described under Point 7.3.3 (Shutdown).
6.17 Parts made of carbon steel/GGG-40 will be provided with a shop coat of
paint.
Additional protective measures are necessary at jobsite if further corrosive
influences are to be avoided.

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7.0 Commissioning, Operation, Shut-down

 only by suitably qualified personnel and in accordance with Points 2.2 and
2.5 (Safety precautions) as well as the following Points 7.1...7.3!
7.1 Commissioning
7.1.1 ATTENTION! Before starting on commissioning
 - it is important to ascertain that all connecting pipelines are in a clean
condition, especially the motive steam lines. Foreign objects (scale,
welding globules and the like) can clog the nozzles.
- the hot well must be filled with water.
 A further prerequisite is that the VES may only be activated when it is
in a properly operable condition together with resp. safety- & protec-
tion devices - as far as these have been installed.
7.1.2 Sequence of the steps to be taken at commissioning
(marked with consecutive numbers)
Note: The terms water valve, steam valve and vacuum slide valve are
used hereafter.
The item numbers indicated may be taken from the assembly
drawing. (Annex)
1. All valves in the supply-lines must first be closed.
2. Drain the motive steam lines thoroughly by means of the drainage
device.
3. If installed, open the vacuum valve to the process side.
4. Start ejector Item 40.

To do this, first open steam valve Item 84.
Required motive steam excess pressure before the nozzle 8.5 bar.
5. On reaching a suction pressure of 240 mbar

start ejector Item 30.
To do this, first open water valve Item 126
then steam valve Item 83.
6. On reaching a suction pressure of 67 mbar,

To do this, first open water valve Item 125,
then steam valve Item 82.
7. On reaching a suction pressure of 20 mbar,

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To do this, first open water valve Item 125,

then steam valve Item 81,
then the steam valve for the heating jacket Item 89
and finally vacuum valve N11.
8. With water valves Item 125 and 126 throttle the cooling water flow to
such an extent that the maximum discharge temperatures - see Point
5.4 (Operating data) - are not exceeded.
Ejector Item 10 has been provided with a heating jacket around the icing
zone of the diffuser to prevent ice forming inside the ejector.
The heating jacket has been designed for an excess pressure of 0.5 bar.
An orifice plate has been provided at inlet (N15) to adjust the flow of heat-
ing steam. This plate has been designed for an excess heating steam
pressure according to Point 5.10 (Operating data).
For a heating jacket design of 0,5 bar g the condensate discharge

(N16) must always remain open to the atmosphere.
Heating by means of the heating jacket is guaranteed when a slight vapour

trail is visible at the atmospheric condensate discharge point (N16).
7.1.3 The required excess motive steam pressure - see Point 5.8 (Operating
data) must be adjusted by means of the steam valves. Please observe and
take care that this pressure does not fall below the required value, even if
there should be steam pressure fluctuations in the system.
7.1.4 Retighten screwed connections after first commissioning.
7.2 Operation
7.2.1  During operation keep a strict watch that the operating data is complied
with - see Point 5.0 (Operating data).
7.2.2  If the VES appears to be malfunctioning, shut it down immediately

acc. to the instructions given in the following Point 7.3 (Shut-down)!
7.3 Shut-down
ATTENTION!
 The shut-down procedure as given below must be followed implicitly step

by step.
7.3.1 1. If installed, close the vacuum valve to the process side,

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7.3.2  then proceed to close down the ejectors and the liquid ring vacuum
pump by following the instructions given under Point 7.1.2 for com-
missioning but in reverse order - see the consecutive numbering -
i.e., the last ejector started is the first one to be closed down.
This is done by
2.1 first closing the vacuum valve - if installed - belonging to the resp.
ejector,
2.2 then by closing the steam valve belonging to the respective ejector,
and by closing the steam valve to the heated ejector (with heating
jacket),
2.3 then shut the liquid ring vacuum pump down by following the instruc-
tions given by the manufacturers,
2.4 finally, close the water valve of the direct contact condenser after-
connected to the respective ejector.
7.3.3  At places open to the weather/subject to frost it is imperative to drain the

VES and the jobsite-installed supply- and discharge lines thoroughly (pos-
sible condensate build-up!) -see Points 10.0...10.2 (Maintenance - Pres-
sure reduction, Cooling down resp. also Decontamination/ Rinsing).
For longer periods of shut-down we also recommend a draining of the

apparatus as described above.

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Telefax +49 511 2129-223
www.koerting.de
8.0 Malfunctions and their sources
8.1 A simple manual checking of the individual ejector stages during operation
can be effected as follows:
When the jet ejectors are operating in a satisfactory manner, the mixing
zone (inlet part of the diffuser at the head) takes approximately the tem-
perature of the corresponding vacuum (water vapour saturation point),
whilst the temperature at the diffuser outlet is considerably higher. In a
quick and rough way it can be ascertained if the individual jet ejectors are
operating correctly by measuring their wall temperatures.
8.2 If there is a performance drop even though Point 7.2 (Operation) has been
observed, it is recommended to check whether the inter-pressures have
been complied with as given under Point 5.4 (Operating data). This can be
effected at the measuring points of the jet ejectors and direct contact con-
densers (closed with a stopper during operation).
8.3 ATTENTION! Please observe when carrying out further inspections!
 For reasons of security, a dismantling of the VES resp. the ejectors, the
motive steam nozzles etc. is to be carried out only
- in accordance with the instructions for safe working - Point 2.5 -,
- after shut-down according to Point 7.3 (Shut-down),
- after reduction of the excess pressure and after the VES
has cooled down resp. has been drained off.
Please observe Point 2.7 of the safety precautions and the following
paragraph of this Point 8.3.
 Be especially careful
if the VES has been in contact with aggressive/noxious and health
endangering substances. Do not dismantle until the VES has been
decontaminated/rinsed off and released for further handling
- see Points 10.1...10.2 (Maintenance).
 Material damages could be the result if these instructions are not followed.
Damages to the environment are also possible, as are injuries to persons.
 Detailed information about faults and trouble-sources and how to remedy

them may be taken from the enclosed Körting Information "Trouble Sources
in Vacuum Plants".

Telefon +49 511 2129-0
Telefax +49 511 2129-223
www.koerting.de
9.0 Parts subject to wear, procurement of spare parts
As the VES has been designed especially according to your requirements,

any spares needed will have to be manufactured individually. This will re-
quire a certain amount of time.
The following are to be considered as parts subject to wear:
Motive nozzles,
Diffusers,
Water spray nozzles - if they are exchangeable -,
Gaskets belonging to the respective items.
We recommend placing an order for the above parts in good time.
For all spare part order it is most important to advise the numbers marked
on the motive steam nozzle and to specify the item no. of the individual
ejector shown on the assembly drawing - see Annex.
10.0 Maintenance
Regular maintenance serves to increase the VES working life and is the
prerequisite for satisfactory operation.
The intervals between maintenance depend on the operating conditions.
However, maintenance should be carried out at least once a year
 after shutting the VES down by following the instructions given under
Point 7.3 (Shut-down) and with due observance being given to the
safety measures - see Point 2.5 - as well as special attention being
given to the following Points 10.1 and 10.2.
 Material damages could be the result if these instructions are not

followed. Damages to the environment are also possible, as are
injuries to persons.
If necessary, maintenance on the VES can be carried out during a
system inspection for the whole plant.
10.1  Relieve the VES of pressure resp. vent the unit.

The rules governing waste disposal and environmental protection are
to be observed at all times.
 In the event that the VES has been in contact with aggressive/
noxious substances, the Owner/Manager is responsible for measures
to ensure that the personnel concerned does not come into contact
with the liquid and cannot inhale vapours/gases.

Telefon +49 511 2129-0
Telefax +49 511 2129-223
www.koerting.de
10.2  In such cases where the VES has been in contact with aggressive/
noxious and health endangering substances it is imperative decon-
taminate/rinse it down once the pressure has been relieved and the
VES has cooled down so that it can be released for handling before
further jobs are undertaken.
If the VES has not been in contact with aggressive/noxious and health-
endangering substances, there is no need to rinse it out/decontaminate it
when emptying the unit.
10.3 Disengage flange connections to the VES.
10.4 Dismantle jet ejectors, disassemble motive nozzles.
10.5 Dismantle direct contact condensers and removable cooling water

sockets resp. removable water spray nozzles.
10.6 Clean the equipment parts and the nozzles - see hereto the following
Point 10.9 -, check for wear - see Operating data Point 5.7 - and if neces-
sary, replace worn out parts.
10.7 Check the shutoff devices resp. the safety valves whether they are operat-
ing in a satisfactory manner.
10.8 You will find further detailed information about malfunctioning and trouble
sources and how to remedy these faults in the enclosed Körting Information
"Trouble Sources in Vacuum Plants".
10.9 Depending on the extent of contamination, cleaning can be effected by

rinsing with water or with a chemical agent, by using steam or by mechanical
treatment.
ATTENTION!
 Pay careful attention to the operating instructions and safety rules estab-
lished for the cleansing agent and solvent.
 Furthermore, pay attention to and observe the rules governing waste
disposal and environmental protection.
 The cleansing agent used during this treatment must not be able to attack the
materials of the VES - given in the assembly drawing - (Annex)
nor corrode the surfaces.
 After treatment has finished, rinse out thoroughly with water. Here too,
please observe the rules and regulations governing waste disposal and
environmental protection.

Telefon +49 511 2129-0
Telefax +49 511 2129-223
www.koerting.de
 When cleaning with steam, please observe the instructions given by the
Operator.
Pay attention that the inner pressure does not exceed 0,5 bar.
We would also draw your attention to the fact that steam cleaning can
cause individual apparatus parts to become very hot (provide contact
protection).
10.10 Before starting re-assembly, clean sealing surfaces - see here the above
mentioned Point 10.9 (sealing surfaces must not be damaged) - and
when reassembling, use new gaskets.
Where necessary, replace worn out parts.
During assembly and when replacing worn out parts, please follow the
instructions given under Point 6.0 (Fitting position...Assembly) as well as
under 2.0 (Safety measures).
When all these jobs have been completed, we recommend checking over
all VES flange connections to see that they are leaktight.
 Immediately after completing maintenance jobs on the vacuum
system, re-install any existing safety- resp. protective devices, check
them through and reset for operation.
10.11 Re-commissioning
according to Point 7.1 (Commissioning).

Telefon +49 511 2129-0
Telefax +49 511 2129-223
www.koerting.de
Badenstedter Str. 56 Badenstedter Str. 56
30453 Hannover, Germany 30453 Hannover, Germany
Fabrik-Nr. Baujahr Fabrik-Nr. Baujahr
Serial no. Year built Serial no. Year built
Maximal zulässiger Druck Maximal zulässiger Druck

Maximum allowable pressure PS bar(g) bar(g) bar(g) Maximum allowable pressure PS bar(g) bar(g)
Zulässige min./ max. Temperatur Zulässige min./ max. Temperatur
Min./ max. allowable temperature TS °C °C °C Min./ max. allowable temperature TS °C °C
Prüfdruck Prüfdruck
Test pressure PT bar(g) bar(g) bar(g) Test pressure PT bar(g) bar(g)
Prüfdatum Prüfdatum
Date of inspection Date of inspection
Fluidgruppe / Medium Fluidgruppe / Medium
Product group / Medium Product group / Medium
Volumen Volumen
Volume V L L L Volume V L L
172254 172251
Badenstedter Str. 56 Badenstedter Str. 56

30453 Hannover, Germany 30453 Hannover, Germany
Fabrik-Nr. Baujahr Fabrik-Nr. Baujahr
Serial no. Year built Serial no. Year built
Maximal zulässiger Druck Maximal zulässiger Druck

Maximum allowable pressure PS bar(g) bar(g) PS
Maximum allowable pressure bar(g) bar(g)
Zulässige min./ max. Temperatur Zulässige min./ max. Temperatur
Min./ max. allowable temperature TS °C °C TS
Min./ max. allowable temperature °C °C
Prüfdruck Prüfdruck
Test pressure PT bar(g) bar(g) Test pressure PT bar(g) bar(g)
Prüfdatum Prüfdatum
Date of inspection Date of inspection
Fluidgruppe / Medium Fluidgruppe / Medium
Product group / Medium Product group / Medium
Volumen Volumen
Volume V L L Volume V L L
172251 172251
≥
≥
Technical Specification
3/211/1/47110
Page 1 of 3
Four-Stage-Steam-Jet-Vacuum-System, barometric installation, consisting of:
• 2-Boosters connected in series

• Main Direct Contact Condenser
• Ejector
• Direct Contact Condenser
• Ejector as final stage
Design Data Vacuum System

Suction pressure 2.66 mbar
Suction flow Air 9 kg/h
Water vapour 125 kg/h
FFA 9 kg/h
Suction temperature 100 °C
Discharge pressure last stage 1013 mbar
Motive steam pressure measured just at the inlet into the 9.5 bar abs.
boosters/ ejectors
Motive steam temperature 178 °C
Cooling water inlet temperature condensers 32.0 °C (max.)
Cooling water pressure required 0.5 bar g.
Consumption figures
Motive steam Boosters (Stage 1+2) 787 kg/h
Motive steam Ejectors (Stage 3+4) 100 kg/h
Cooling water flow Main condenser 114 m³/h

Outlet temperature 37 °C
Deaerating condenser 3.5 m³/h

Outlet temperature 45 °C
All performance data refer to the connection.

It is essential for the vacuum system that max. 32°C water is available at the inlet of the condensers!
Scope of Supply
2 Steam jet booster 20”/16” and 16”/14” made of carbon steel. Motive steam nozzles incl. nozzle holders
made of stainless steel 1.4571/ 1.4581 or equivalent. Steam chests made of carbon steel, in addition the
diffusor of stage 1 is provided with a heating jacket for steam within the freezing zone. We recommend an
open discharge of the heating condensate, e.g. into a drainage vessel or open condensate piping. External
connections made of carbon steel, gaskets made of SIL C-4500.
2 Steam jet ejector 2 ½” and 1” made of cast iron GJS 400, motive steam nozzle made of stainless steel
1.4305, gaskets made of SIL C-4500.
Steam chest and connecting flanges made of carbon steel/ cast iron.
3/211/1/47110
Page 2 of 3
2 Mixing type condensers ø 700 mm and ø 219 mm. The condensers will be made of carbon steel/ cast iron.
Including water spray nozzles made of stainless steel 1.4401 or 1.4581/ epoxy.
Valid for all positions/ items

Materials acc. to DIN / EN.
Flanges according to ASME B16.5 resp. drilled according ASME class 150 lbs.
Our scope of supply does not include the inter-connecting pipe work, down pipes, valves and instruments, steel
structure, insulation, steam and water supply pipe work.
Excluded from supply are also spare parts for commissioning, counter flanges, material certificates, 3rd party
inspection, strength-, stress and seismic-calculation, anchor bolts, supports/ brackets at boosters, calculation of forces
and moments.
Mechanical Design
Mixing type condenser:
Process
Body: -1 bar / 0.5 bar g / 0°C / 185°C
water side: -1 bar / +2 bar g / 0°C / 50°C
Steam jet vacuum booster, ejector:

Body: -1 bar / +0.5 bar g / 0°C / 185°C
Steam nozzle and steam chest: -1 bar / +10.0 bar g / 0°C / 185°C
Heating jacket: -1 bar / +0.5 bar g / 0°C / 185°C
Pressure vessel code: according to AD 2000
Test run
An internal test run of the double boosters in our test field has been provided for and is included in our price.
Painting
Surface preparation for painting: SA 2.5 /ST 3 according to ISO 8501-1
Carbon steel parts get a single coat of protective paint – color grey – min. dry film thickness 20 µm – temperature
resistant up to 100 °C – basis: synthetic resins.
Component parts subjected to a temperature of more than 100 °C will receive a single coat of protective zinc dust paint
- color grey aluminium – min. dry film thickness 30 µm – temperature resistant up to 800 °C – basis: epoxy resin ester.
Inspection and certification

After completion of the parts an inspection will be done. This inspection will refer to a checking of construction as well
as to a water pressure test.
A Work’s Test Certificate can be issued, if requested in due time.
This Work’s Test Certificate confirms the use of the prescribed materials (without naming their mechanical and
chemical properties).
An official inspection and the supply of mill test certificates have not been provided for.
ASME certification mark (former u-stamp) has not been provided for.
Note:
If, in case that during the order procedure we should have to observe any special regulations (e.g. special
testing- or manufacturing procedures or the provision of special documentation), we then reserve the right to
invoice you separately with the costs involved. It might also be possible that we should have to provide a
different constructional design in order to comply with such regulations. In that event we would require a
detailed specification to enable us to judge the conditions.
3/211/1/47110
Page 3 of 3
Documentation
In the event of an order we will supply to you soft copies each of the following documents in English language (all
documents only supplied as PDF-file).
1. Binding dimensional sketches or drawings respectively
2. Instructions for installation and operation,
3. Certificates as mentioned above.
Should you require more copies of the documents than stated above or hard copies, we reserve the right to charge you
with an extra price.
Körting
Information
Trouble Sources
in Vacuum Plants
Locating and Remedy
A 13-1977
2015 (M 12-4)
Trouble Sources A 13-1977
2015
in Vacuum Plants
Locating and Remedy (M 12-4)
1. Preface page 1
2. Fundamental Terms
2.1 Hydraulic Test page 1
2.2 Performance Test page 2
2.3 Zero Load Test (shut off) page 2
2.4 Maesuring Instruments page 2
3. Provisions at Trouble Locating page 2
4. Abrupt Loss of Vacuum page 4
5. Slow but Continuous Loss of Vacuum page 8
6. Varying Vacuum page 10
7. Dismantling and Internal Inspection page 10
8. Check List page 12

Trouble Sources 2015
A 13 - 1977
in Vacuum Plants (M 12-4)
Locating and Remedy
1.0 Preface
Steam jet ejectors rarely fail or have a reduced performance if they are working
under operating conditions according to design. In the Operating Instruction
advice is given concerning troubles and defects occurring if the required
performance of the unit is not achieved due to an assembly defect or similar.
In principle, these explanations are also valid for breakdowns which occur
gradually or suddenly after a period of operation.
Wear or dirt can be the cause. In order to minimize the time in locating the
problem according to the symptoms, the following procedure should be fol-
lowed. After an external inspection and a temperature difference check, the
following performance checks are made. Dismantling and internal inspection
are only rarely necessary.
Repeated procedure is described under pas. 2.0 ”Fundamental Terms” and the
possible defects with their detection is shown under pos. 3 to 6.
2.0 Fundamental Terms
2.1 Hydraulic Test (Leak Test)
Leaks can occur in the ejectors or in the process plant. Both are checked
together or separately by a hydraulic test. In the case of barometric units the tail
pipes – especially the older ones – should also be included in any check. Small
diameters can be sealed by a wooden plug, larger ones by a clamping flange.
When filling the unit, elements must be bled at the highest point to ensure
complete filling. Open a flange connection at the top of the unit. The water
pressure should be 0.5 to 1 bar gauge.
Never pressurize with steam!
If the process cannot accept water, then compressed air can be substituted
using soap solution to indicate leaks.
A 13 - 1977
Locating and Remedy
2.2 Performance Test
A performance test of the ejectors should always be separated from the

process plant. If a vacuum shut-off valve is not available, the first stage ejector
can be turned in the longitudinal axis according to the number of holes in the
flange. The suction connection is fitted with a blind flange with a threaded hole
of 1/2" into which the test nozzle is screwed, either supplied by us or, in urgent
cases, manufactured locally (see also Operating Instruction).
A further connection to the blind flange must be provided for a vacuum gauge.
To measure the interpressure: In the individual stage of multistage ejectors use
the socket joints on the intercondenser. The measurements are compared
with those in the operating Instructions. They should also be noted for later
comparison.
2.3 Zero Load Test (Shut-Off)
For a quick and simple intermediate test: A checking of the shut-off behaviour
often is sufficient. When the process plant is shut off and no air is admitted, i.e.
at zero load, a steam jet ejector should attain about half the suction pressure,
for example, 5 mbar instead of 10 mbar. If this can be attained, then there is no
major defect.
2.4 Measuring Instruments
Suitable measuring instruments and measuring methods are fully described in

Körting Information M 12-6.
3.0 Provisions and recommended sequence for fault finding
When after a period of operation, a multi-stage steam jet ejector gradually or

suddenly decreases in performance, the reasons can be external influences or
internal variations. If the defect cannot be recognized at once, the tests are
started from the last stage delivering to the atmosphere. Only when this stage
delivers the provided pre-vacuum can the preceeding stage operate with the
design discharge pressure.
The stages are numbered in the direction of atmospheric pressure.

Trouble Sources A 13 - 2015
1977
Locating and Remedy
Thus the first stage is connected to the process plant to be evacuated

to a condenser.
In order to further rationalize the fault-finding procedure, the two

construction types should be differentiated (see sketch):
booster I and II main condenser 3-stage evacuation group
process plant
intercondenser
On the one hand, single and multi-stage steam jet ejectors, for
evacuating condenser units and maintaining the vacuum appropriate
to the cooling water discharge temperature (evacuation group).
On the other hand, the multi-stage steam jet ejectors producing a

vacuum higher than the condenser vacuum and, for this purpose,
provided with one or several steam jet compressors (boosters).
For this system, check first the main condenser and its cooling water
temperature and only then, if necessary, its evacuation group. If the unit
has one or more steam jet pre-condensers, then their discharge pressure,
i.e. the pressure in the preceeding main condenser, must first be exam-
ined (pressure to be read from the Operating Instructions).
If the condenser pressure is correct, the fault must be in the compressors
(first or second stage).
2015
Locating and Remedy
4.0 Abrupt loss of vacuum
At first, check the measuring instruments (recalibrate, if necessary)

whether the performance decrease is correct. Specifically check
whether clogged or fractured instrument pipes or water pockets falsify
the readings.
Compare the actual results with the specification in the Operating
Instruction. Under no circumstances may the stated discharge
temperature be exceeded, as otherwise excessive discharge pressure
will exist for the ejectors.
If the instruments reading is satisfactory, trace defect!
If the evacuation unit can be isolated from the main condenser by means
of shut-off valve or blind flange, then zero load test should be carried out
(see 2.3).
If half the condenser pressure is not attainable, the fault must lie in the
evacuation unit otherwise it is in, or ahead of, the main condenser.
4.1 Possible reason
The cooling water (e.g. not enough or too warm)
4.1.1 Check by hand all entry and exit pipes of the condenser to investigate
temperature differences and to compare with the Operating Instructions.
If no differences are observed in a direct condenser but all parts are

equally hot, the spray nozzle in this condenser might be partially or total-
ly clogged (see also 7.4)
Remove the spray nozzle (see 7.5) and clean it.

Control the spray angle!
2015
Locating and Remedy
4.1.2 If water is being passed through the last steam jet ejector (atmospheric
stage) then the preceeding intercondenser is filled with water. This can
be checked by sounding to find out if hollow or not.
Check the tail pipes in the hot well whether or not

the outlets are clear. In barometric installations,
check the barometric so height. This can change slightly,
due to atmospheric condition, but considerably if the
water becomes highly aerated as to change its specific
gravity (see also 4.1.5). Check tail pipes for rust
and leakage.
Excessive bubbles in the hot well indicate excess gas or air which may
originate from the process plant.
4.1.3 The tail pipes from surface condensers must also be kept free. If syphon
exist to lead condensate between condensers at different pressures,
these should be manually checked for partial blockage resulting in
the intercondenser being full of condensate.
Steam traps can be checked by feeling their action in the

following pipework.
The condenser must sound hollow when tapped.
If the surface condensers are drained by pumps, these and their stuffing
boxes must also be checked.
Stuffing boxes must have a separate water supply.
4.1.4 Examine whether the hot well has sufficient buffer volume (especially
during the starting period when filling the tail pipes), check also for
sludge etc., and clean if required.
4.1.5 Examine whether the water pressure at the condenser is constant.

Have there been any modifications to the water supply?
Is any other plant fed from the same circuit? Check whether air is
entrained in the cooling water pump. This can happen when the cooling
water is induced by vacuum.
Look for swells at the suction point and for bubbles in the hot well
(see also 4.1.2).
2015
Locating and Remedy
In small direct contact condensers of earlier designs with baffle internals

and without spray nozzle, an orifice disc for the dosing of cooling water
is clamped between the flanges on the input side.
Examine whether the orifice disc exists and is clean.
4.1.6 Specified cooling water temperatures must not be exceeded. Check the
actual temperatures with those given in the manual.
4.2 Possible reason:
The motive steam (e.g. pressure too low, not enough, too wet
or nozzle clogged).
4.2.1 To check the steam quality, all bleed points of the motive steam lines shall
be opened. Wet steam will discharge to atmosphere with a white plume.
Allow discharge until the plume disappears and the steam flow
is constant.
4.2.2 Check the motive steam pressure at the nozzle. When normal steam
gauges are used, it should be noted that when the steam is shut off,
the residual vacuum can act on the gauge and displace the pointer up to
1 bar below zero. Thus the actual pressure could be 1 bar lower than
indicated.
Use a manometer vacuum gauge or remove the stop pin.

Check also strainers, syphons, and the longer instrument pipelines.
4.2.3 Touch the intercondensers and the ejectors themselves. If the

intercondenser is of a lower temperature than that indicated in the in-
structions, and no warmer zones can be detected on the vapour inlet
and cooling water outlet, then this indicates a blocked motive nozzle
in the preceding ejector (see also 4.1.1)
Then check the motive nozzle, as 4.2.4!

2015
Locating and Remedy
Provided that the suction flow is air or non-superheated steam,

the different zones of the ejector acquire operating temperatures
corresponding to their pressures. Normally, suction connections and
mixing zones (convergent parts of the diffusor) must be cooler than the
diffusor exit. At absolute pressures below 6 mbar, a non-heated diffusor
entrance will also ice-up from outside or at least will. be covered
with frost.
4.2.4 It is simple to examine a clogged motive steam nozzle because the

nozzle with the steam chest or the bend can be removed. Take care that
no parts causing a blockage fall out unnoticed.
Remove the foreign body carefully without damaging the nozzle

throat, ascertain its origin, avoid a repetition!
The diffusor of small ejectors should also be visually checked!
If blockage of a motive nozzle has been detected, the steam lines

should be blown through!
4.2.5 Slacken or remove the motive nozzle from the steam chest or the bend,
and check the gaskets.
By-passing motive steam would decrease the suction performance.
Compare whether the throat diameter of the cleaned nozzles still

correspond to the data given in the Operating Instructions.
In case of need, twist drills calibrated to tenths of millimeter can be taken

as measuring plugs.
4.3 Possible reason
Leakage
The suction performance of steam jet ejector is designed according to

the maximum leakage air-flow to be expected in the process plant.
A 13 - 1977
Locating and Remedy
After a long operational period additional leakage air can lead to a grad-
ual or also abrupt decrease of vacuum.
The causes can be:
a) Cracked gaskets.
b) Stuffing boxes in valves and condensate pumps whose packing

has become dry and leaky. Sealing water for condensate pumps
should always be fresh water.
c) Corroded tail pumps.
d) Erosion of the bend behind an ejector by wet motive steam.
e) Where screwed-in motive nozzles are used, thread erosions

can lead to steam by-pass.
f) Erosion of the condenser at the point of impact of the cooling

water (spray cone of the water nozzles) and the impact zone of
the steam (only when ejector is mounted horizontally).
Check by hydraulic test, as under 2.1!
5.0 Slow but continuous vacuum lost after long-time operation
Change motive nozzles!
Whereas an abrupt decrease of vacuum is caused mostly by a single

source of trouble, a low decrease over a period of time points to the
commencement of general wear in the deaerating group and especially
at the final stage. As an addition to the Instructions 4.1 to 4.3, some spe-
cial recommendations are given in the following.
5.1 The measuring instruments have to be examined again for

correct reading. Also instrument lines, which have become brittle,
can falsify the reading.
After a period of operation the final stage (to the atmosphere) can be
eroded or the discharge line can become polluted on encrusted. There-
fore measure the intermediate vacuum at the measuring socket of the
preceding intercondenser and compare with the Operating Instruction.
A 13 - 1977
Locating and Remedy
Remove and clean the discharge pipe. Blow the final stage out
thoroughly and again measure the intermediate vacuum. If still not in
order, then an internal inspection of this ejector and a checking of the
motive nozzle and diffusor diameter is indicated.
If encrusted, clean!
If worn, replace nozzle!
Check gaskets carefully!
Rebore, in case of need, only according to instructions!
5.2 In the case of surface condensers as intercondensers the cooling tubes

can be fouled or even encrusted, not only internally but also externally.
The required intermediate vacuum can no longer be attained, therefore
examine and clean.
5.3 Also leakage, as under 4.3, may be the cause for slow decrease.
Examine stuffing boxes and make a hydraulic pressure test (see 2.1)
5.4 If the external inspection and touching the equipment do not give any
indication of the defect, then fit measuring instruments at each stage in
order to compare the intermediate vacuums with the data from
Operating Instruction.
Isolate the steam jet ejector from the processing plant,

carry out performance test and, if necessay, proceed
as 4.1.1 to 4.2.5!
1977
Locating and Remedy
6.0 Varying vacuum
There can be several reasons both internal and external.
6.1 If the required vacuum is attained but, the final stage (to atmosphere)
whizzes and pulsates, this indicates a lack of suction stream.
This instability can be overcome by adding live steam to the suction line.
6.2 This pulsation can also indicate a flooded intercondenser.
Check for scale deposits in the ejector. Examine cooling water

pressure and tail pipes.
6.3 If a multi-stage steam jet ejector, for example, for 10 mbar, is over-
dimensioned for its suction flow, the steam jet compressor normally
having no heating device, can reach the freezing point 5 mbar or less,
at low load conditions. Then it will alternate between icing and thawing.
Use heating. If a heating device exists, examine it!
6.4 The characteristics of jet ejectors demand that for two stages the
discharge pressure curve of the first and suction pressure curve of the
second stage overlap sufficiently. If this is not the case due to changing
load conditions, pulsation may result.
Check vapour and gas flow from the process! Check jet
compressors. They should be isolated from the process plant
and a performance test made with the jet compressor
according to 2.2 at varying loads (see M 12-6)!
2015
Locating and Remedy
7.0 Dismantling and Internal Inspection
If the fault can not to be found or localized neither by examination of

external and internal influences nor by a programmed performance test,
the unit must be dismantled gradually.
7.1 The serial numbers of the ejectors are stamped in the front of the motive
nozzle and on the rim of the diffusor flange. They should be verified.
Begin at the deaerating group (see fig.1) with the atmospheric stage as
stated at 4.2.4 and 4.2.5.
In order to determine the wear of boring, take a test plug (shank

of twist drill) with a large diameter next to that specified in the
Operating Instruction.
If there are grooves in the throat area of the nozzles, or if these are
eroded, spare nozzles must be inserted. Reboring should be carried out
in case of need and only in accordance with our instructions.
7.2 The same applies for the diffusors.
Check gaskets in the connecting pipes. Displaced gaskets diminish the

performance and may become porous.
7.3 The internal inspection of the intercondenser comes next and so it is

effected with the preceding stages until the fault has been found.
7.4 Where applicable, check the spray angle of the cooling water nozzle in
the main condenser.
7.5 Instructions for the dismantling of jet ejectors. and cooling nozzles are
given in the appendices pages and of the above mentioned Operating
Instructions.
7.6 Where jet compressors (booster) exists ahead of the main condenser,
the motive nozzles and the heating, if any, should be examined first.
2015
Locating and Remedy
8.0 Check list and steps to take if vacuum drops
1. Measuring instruments Check reading and 2.4, 4.0

readjust, if necessary
2. Operating temperatures Examination by touch 4.1.1
3. Zero load test (shut-off) 2.3
4. Motive steam Pressure decrease 4.2.2

Wet steam? 4.2.1
5. Cooling water Lack of, or excess 4.1.5

Temperature? 4.1.1
6. Air leakage test 2.1, 4.3
7. Ejectors Strainer Motive

nozzle clogged? 4.2.3, 4.2.4
Motive nozzle eroded? 7.1
Diffusor eroded? 7.1
8. Final stage ejector Discharge pressure at 5.1

discharge Erosion? 4.2.5
Zero load test! 2.3
Instability? 6.1
9. Intercondenser Pressure and temperature 4.1.1

Corrosion? 4.1.1, 4.1.2
9.1. Direct contact condenser Nozzle, tail pipe, hot well 4.1.2
9.2. Surface condenser Condensate discharge? 4.1.3

Fouled cooling tubes? 5.2
10. Main condenser see point 9
11. Jet compressor Discharge pressure 3.0

(booster) Ice deposits, heating 6.3
Encrustation Motive nozzle erosion 4.2.5
12. Process plant Leakage? 2.1, 6.4
13. Performance test 2.2
14. Unit dismantling 7.0

Körting
Information
Performance measurements
on
Steam Jet Vacuum Pumps
Measuring
Suction pressure/vacuum
Measuring
Suction flow
Measuring
Evacuation time
Measuring
Motive steam concumption
Measuring
Cooling water consumption
This information describes an abbreviated form of performance measurement and in problematical situations, is
a quick and simple method of carrying out performance measurements. A complete description including all
possible ways of carrying out tests and the guidelines on how to measure temperatures, pressures and mass
flows can be found in DIN 28430: Measurement guidelines for steam jet vacuum pumps and steam jet
compressors as well as in the publications issued by: HEAT EXCHANGE INSTITUTE (HEI, New York) and in
the VDMA-Einheitsblättern 24294.
M 12-6 2001
Techn. data sheet
Körting Information
M 12-6
Page 1 of 7
Introduction connection or at the ejector head. If a new mea-

suring point is required, then this borehole (dia-
Performance measurements on steam jet meter 10 mm in vertical direction to the flow
vacuum pumps serve to prove the performance direction, without burrs) should be on a straight
(suction pressure, suction flow, start-up time) and part of the pipe with unrestricted flow path.
consumption (motive steam, cooling water) of
steam jet vacuum pumps or units containing the The connecting pipelines (minimum diameter 10
same. mm, made of copper, thick-walled rubber or
transparent plastic) should be as short as
These tests can be carried out on a test bench possible and should not droop.
(for preference) or at the place of installation and
serve as a means of control/guarantee of the The measuring lines must be vented at regular
design data and also of monitoring plants in intervals to avoid the formation of disrup-
operation or under maintenance. The focal point tive condensate (evaporation, clogging of the
of the simple form described here is the deter- measuring line) and must always be in a clean
mination at site of suction pressure and of suc- condition. Transparent lines enable quick super-
tion flow in problem cases. vision. Cooling traps and chemical drying
devices are not allowed. Connection points must
be treated carefully. Due to the relatively short
measuring line, any leakage would cause con-
siderable deviations in the measuring results.
A shutoff device in the measuring line makes it
1.0 Measuring the suction pressure/vacuum possible to connect the measuring instrument to
the vacuum without influencing the vacuum to
Suction pressure is measured at the suction be measured.
connection or at the ejector's head.
Here the design pressure reigns – when the

apparatus is in complete function.
1.2 Pressure measuring instruments
Taking possible losses from the supply line into (for vacuum)
consideration (inlet, length), this suction pressure
determines the vacuum in the vessel to be eva- A suitable absolute pressure measuring instru-
cuated (in the process). ment should be used to measure the suction
pressure (on request, we can recommend the
type of instrument required).
When doing so, observe the following:
1.1 Measurement point/connection The pressure gauges must be calibrated

before each measuring cycle (absolute zero
The suction pressure is measured at a measur- point and at least one point for the range). If
ing point (already existing) directly at the suction a calibrating appliance is not available, then
Techn. data sheet
M 12-6
Page 2 of 7
at least a plausability control (two different 2.0 Measuring the suction flow
measuring devices showing exactly the same
value) should be carried out. As the suction flow can be made up of diverse
gases and vapours or of mixtures of differing
The classification code of the measuring compositions and, as in many cases, this suc-
instruments must be observed. The indication flow cannot be reproduced for proving per-
ted measuring errors (mostly relating to the formance, it is necessary to determine equiva-
meas-uring range transmitting value) must be lent flows of air resp. of water vapour to test the
converted for the actual measuring point and vacuum pump. To prove that a vacuum pump is
should be ≤ 1%. This is usually only achie- operating correctly it is usually sufficient enough
ved with laboratory measuring devices. to test it with an equivalent flow of atmospheric
Work's measuring instruments are often too air without taking the condensable vapour por-
inaccurate for this application case. tion into consideration. Principally one can in
this way test a multi-stage vacuum pump as a
The measuring range of the instrument in use complete unit. It is also possible to test each
must be adjusted to the pressure to be meas- stage individually but then the pressure condi-
ured i.e., the measured pressure should not tions prevailing at the suction- and discharge
be less than 10% of the measuring range side of each stage must be proved.
maximum value.
A possible positioning requirement for the

measuring instrument (see the operating
instructions for the measuring instrument)
2.1 Measuring methods
should be taken into consideration.
Diverse methods can be used to determine the

Measuring instruments may not be subjected
continual suction flow of a gaseous medium e.g.,
to high temperatures. This must be observed
pressure difference measurements at throttling
particularly when the pressure is to be meas-
points (orifice plates or nozzles) or direct meas-
ured at points under high temperature load.
urements acc. to the displacement- and the float
Instruments without complete temperature
principle. As far as steam jet vacuum pumps are
compensation will give wrong measuring va-
concerned, one method has proved to be parti-
lues when subjected to high temperatures
cularly straight-forward and sufficiently accurate
(see here the operating instructions for the
i.e., measurement of the suction flow at overcri-
measuring instrument).
tical throughput of correspondingly dimensio-
ned nozzles. Atmospheric air or also water va-
Measuring instruments must be free of foreign
pour is introduced into the suction-side vacuum
objects. Any possible droplets or solids par-
chamber of a steam jet vacuum pump by means
ticles on the measuring diaphragm will – by
of one or several such nozzles, whereby the suc-
their weight – falsify the measuring results.
tion flow is determined only by the condition
before the nozzle and by the narrowest nozzle
bore. To achieve an overcritical pressure drop
when e.g. atmospheric air is before the nozzle, a
Techn. data sheet
M 12-6
Page 3 of 7
pressure of ≤ 500 mbar is required in the suction se suction flows must be converted into the
chamber directly ahead of the steam jet vacuum equivalents (kg/h) of air or water vapour with
pump. If, apart from air and water vapour, other due consideration being given to the actual tem-
gases or vapours are to be evacuated, then the- peratures (see curves in Fig. 1)
Fig. 1: Correction factor for suction flows interdependent of molecular weight and temperature
Temperature [°C] of the entrained medium

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
2
1,8
1,6
1,4
°C
Steam
1,2
Air °C
1,0
Correction factor [K]
0,9
0,8
0,7 Molec
uar w
eight
0,6
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160
Molecuar weight [M]
Example 1:
5 kg Gas (M = 80), 20°C, = 5 x 0,7 = 3,5 kg air equivalent (M = 29), 20°C
Example 2:
20 kg water vapour (M = 18), 20°C, = 20 x 1,21 = 24,2 kg air equivalent (M = 29), 20°C
Example 3:
100 kg water vapour 150°C, = 100 x 1,1 = 110 kg water vapour, 20°C
= 110 x 1,21 = 133 kg/h air equivalent (M = 29), 20°C
Techn. data sheet
M 12-6
Page 4 of 7
Given sufficient accuracy, the influences of dif- 2.3 Measuring point and measuring
ferent barometric positions, moisture and tempe- connection
rature may be disregarded when measuring with
atmospheric air so that one can generally allot a The required (equivalent) suction flow can be
particular air flow to a particular nozzle bore. How- introduced via several nozzles. In this case it
ever, in the case of water vapour, pressure, tem- is better when the nozzles are not connected
perature and possibly moisture must be taken directly to the ejector head but to an intercon-
into consideration. nected pipe with a region of steady flow (see
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3). In this piping part the suction
flow can spread over the whole crosssection to
produce the required steady flow in the ejector
head.
If the ejector cannot be sealed off from the unit to

be evacuated, then it should possibly be turned
2.2 Application and provided with a nozzle holding device.
When the real suction flow is available for a per-

formance test it is possible to test the whole va-
cuum plant as a unit but if there is just access to
an equivalent suction flow, then only the direct
series-connected ejectors can be tested as a 2.4 Measuring instruments
unit. The equivalent suction flow applies solely
to the ejectors. Conversion is based on hydrau- No further measuring instruments are necessary
lic values. In condensers however, partial pres- where atmospheric air nozzles are being used.
sures of the mass flows determine the process To reduce the measuring error air pressure can
and therefore should not be present in a unit be determined by means of an exact barometer
which is to be tested. Direct series-connected and so the mass flow of the nozzles corrected.
ejectors can also be tested individually but for This also applies to the ambient temperature.
this however, the maximum discharge pressure However, if working with other gases and va-
to which the ejectors deliver must be determined pours under nonatmospheric conditions before
as well. the nozzle, then temperature and pressure must
be measured at that point. For pressure measur-
ing instruments the statements given under
point 1.2 apply.
Techn. data sheet
M 12-6
Page 5 of 7
L ≥ 10D
3D
Temperature 2D
measuring instrument Pressure measuring
Control valve
instrument
Steam inlet Orifice plate
D ≥ 4d
D ≥ 4d
d
Insulation To mixing chamber or
direct to the ejector’s
Condensate suction connection
Figure 2: Arrangement for measuring a water vapour flow at an overcritical pressure ratio
L ≥ 5D
D ≥ 4d
d
Figure 3: Arrangement for measuring an air flow with HEI nozzle at an overcritical pressure ratio
2d
2.5 Measuring nozzles
1,33d
For performance measurements nozzles acc. to

HEI-Standard (HEAT EXCHANGE INSTITUTE)
are applied (see Fig. 4). Due to their prescribed 10°
2,33d
contours and surface qualities the nozzle loss

d
factor can be clearly determined and reproduced.

When carefully manufactured, these nozzles can
be applied without having been calibrated.
d 0,6d
A simple form with defined throughput can be
obtained from us (throughput from 0,5 to 15.0 kg/h
air). Figure 4: Dimension ratio of the HEI nozzles
Techn. data sheet
M 12-6
Page 6 of 7
3.0 Measuring the evacuation time 5.0 Measuring the cooling water flow
The evacuation time is the time the vacuum unit The cooling water flow is the mass water flow
needs to reduce the volume to be evacuated entering a condenser.
from ambient pressure to the final vacuum ac-
cording to performance data. The temperature rise is to be measured, i.e. coo-
ling water inlet- and outlet temperatures. Measu-
The previously calculated evacuation time ap- rement should take place directly at the inlet- and
plies to a vessel volume without any leakage air outlet nozzle, so keeping ambient influences
flow during the evacuation procedure. down to a minimum. Thermometers can be
mounted directly or with an immersion shell.
Either mercury thermometers or electrical tem-
perature sensors (e.g. PT100) can be used. It is
important that thermometers are calibrated at
regular intervals. The temperature differences to
be measured in condensers can be only 3 °C.
4.0 Measuring the motive flow
If the steam flow entering the condenser is

The motive flow is the flow of steam through the
known, then the actual cooling water flow can be
motive nozzle of an ejector. It must be dry (free
calculated from the heat balance when the coo-
of any condensate), saturated or slightly overhe-
ling water heat-up span is known. A direct deter-
ated. The measuring method is the same as for
mination of the cooling water flow is, of course,
the determination of the suction flow; the flow
also possible with the help of flow meters.
through nozzles with overcritical pressure drop.
It is also possible to estimate the cooling water

The existing motive nozzle is used here as a
flow by means of the characteristic curve for the
measuring nozzle. Its form, deviating from that of
cooling water pump, providing the pressure
the HEI nozzle, results in a smaller nozzle loss
increase at the pump is known.
factor and therefore a smaller steam flow than
that as calculated according to HEI. Pressure
and temperature are to be measured directly
before the motive nozzle. The motive nozzle dia-
meter can either be measured directly or the
value can be taken from the operating instruc-
tions. For saturated motive steam with the
known motive pressure according to the known
motive nozzle diameter, the steam flow can be
clearly determined with the help of the ”Körting
Reference Data” Page A 1-3.2.
Techn. data sheet
M 12-6
Page 7 of 7
Steam table
(Saturation condition)
p p t v’ v’’ h’ h’’ r s’ s’’ p p t v’ v’’ h’ h’’ r s’ s’’

mbar Torr °C m3/kg m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg K kJ/kg K bar Torr °C m3/kg m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg K kJ/kg K
0,000 01 0,000 007 50 -101,64 0,001 076 79 150 000 - 509,23 2 311,8 2 821,0 - 2,012 4 14,435 6 0,20 150,0 60,09 0,001 017 1 7,650 251,45 2 609,9 2 358,5 0,832 0 7,909 5
0,000 02 0,000 015 00 - 98,25 0,001 076 40 358 000 - 504,56 2 318,3 2 822,9 - 1,985 5 14,154 3 0,21 157,5 61,14 0,001 017 7 7,308 255,88 2 611,7 2 355,9 0,845 3 7,892 6
0,000 03 0,000 022 50 - 96,20 0,001 076 27 221 000 - 501,70 2 322,3 2 824,0 - 1,969 2 13,989 7 0,22 165,0 62,16 0,001 018 2 6,996 260,14 2 613,5 2 353,4 0,858 0 7,876 5
0,000 04 0,000 030 00 - 94,71 0,001 076 20 588 000 - 499,61 2 325,1 2 824,7 - 1,957 4 13,872 6 0,23 172,5 63,14 0,001 018 8 6,710 264,23 2 615,2 2 351,0 0,870 2 7,861 2
0,24 180,0 64,08 0,001 019 3 6,448 268,18 2 616,8 2 348,6 0,881 9 7,846 5
0,000 05 0,000 037 50 - 93,54 0,001 076 16 578 000 - 497,95 2 327,4 2 825,3 - 1,948 2 13,781 8
0,000 06 0,000 045 00 - 92,58 0,001 076 13 888 000 - 496,60 2 329,2 2 825,8 - 1,940 7 13,708 9 0,25 187,5 64,99 0,001 019 8 6,206 271,99 2 618,4 2 346,4 0,893 1 7,832 4
0,000 07 0,000 052 50 - 91,75 0,001 076 11 959 000 - 495,42 2 330,8 2 826,2 - 1,934 1 13,646 1 0,26 195,0 65,87 0,001 020 3 5,982 275,67 2 619,9 2 344,2 0,904 0 7,818 9
0,000 08 0,000 060 00 - 91,03 0,001 077 10 506 000 - 494,39 2 332,1 2 826,5 - 1,928 5 13,592 0 0,27 202,5 66,72 0,001 020 8 5,774 279,23 2 621,4 2 342,1 0,914 5 7,805 9
0,000 09 0,000 067 51 - 90,40 0,001 077 9 371 000 - 493,48 2 333,4 2 826,8 - 1,923 5 13,544 7 0,28 210,0 67,54 0,001 021 3 5,580 282,69 2 622,8 2 340,1 0,924 7 7,793 4
0,29 217,5 68,34 0,001 021 8 5,400 286,04 2 624,1 2 338,1 0,934 5 7,781 3
0,000 1 0,000 075 0 - 89,81 0,001 077 8 461 000 - 492,63 2 334,5 2 827,1 - 1,918 9 13,501 3
0,000 2 0,000 150 0 - 85,93 0,001 077 4 320 000 - 486,99 2 341,8 2 828,8 - 1,888 4 13,221 1 0,30 225,0 69,12 0,001 022 2 5,231 289,30 2 625,5 2 336,2 0,944 0 7,769 7
0,000 3 0,000 225 0 - 83,59 0,001 078 2 916 000 - 483,53 2 346,2 2 829,7 - 1,870 1 13,057 7 0,32 240,0 70,61 0,001 023 1 4,924 295,55 2 628,0 2 332,5 0,962 2 7,747 5
0,000 4 0,000 300 0 - 81,88 0,001 078 2 207 000 - 480,99 2 349,4 2 830,4 - 1,856 7 12,941 1 0,34 255,0 72,02 0,001 024 0 4,652 301,47 2 630,4 2 328,9 0,979 4 7,726 7
0,36 270,0 73,37 0,001 024 8 4,409 307,12 2 632,7 2 325,6 0,995 7 7,707 1
0,000 5 0,000 375 0 - 80,54 0,001 078 1 778 000 - 478,98 2 351,9 2 830,9 - 1,846 2 12,851 0 0,38 285,0 74,65 0,001 025 6 4,191 312,50 2 634,8 2 322,3 1,011 2 7,688 6
0,000 6 0,000 450 0 - 79,44 0,001 078 1 490 000 - 476,57 2 354,7 2 831,3 - 1,835 0 12,781 0
0,000 7 0,000 525 0 - 78,48 0,001 078 1 283 000 - 475,16 4 356,5 2 831,6 - 1,827 7 12,718 4 0,40 300,0 75,88 0,001 026 4 3,995 317,65 2 636,9 2 319,2 1,026 0 7,671 0
0,000 8 0,000 600 0 - 77,65 0,001 078 1 128 000 - 473,93 2 358,0 2 831,9 - 1,821 4 12,664 4 0,42 315,0 77,06 0,001 027 2 3,816 322,59 2 638,9 2 316,3 1,040 1 7,654 3
0,000 9 0,000 675 1 - 76,92 0,001 079 1 006 000 - 472,84 2 359,3 2 832,2 - 1,815 8 12,617 2 0,44 330,0 78,19 0,001 027 9 3,653 327,34 2 640,8 2 813,4 1,053 6 7,638 4
0,46 345,0 79,27 0,001 028 6 3,504 331,91 2 642,6 2 310,7 1,066 6 7,623 3
0,001 0,000 750 1 - 76,26 0,001 079 908 600 - 471,85 2 360,5 2 832,4 - 1,810 8 12,575 0 0,48 360,0 80,32 0,001 029 3 3,367 336,32 2 644,3 2 308,0 1,079 1 7,608 8
0,002 0,001 500 - 71,80 0,001 079 464 600 - 465,03 2 368,7 2 833,7 - 1,776 6 12,296 8
0,003 0,002 250 - 69,06 0,001 080 314 000 - 460,76 2 373,7 2 834,5 - 1,755 5 12,132 9 0,50 375,0 81,34 0,001 030 0 3,241 340,57 2 646,0 2 305,4 1,091 1 7,594 8
0,004 0,003 000 - 67,11 0,001 080 237 700 - 457,67 2 377,3 2 835,0 - 1,740 5 12,018 7 0,55 412,5 83,73 0,001 031 7 2,964 350,62 2 649,9 2 299,3 1,119 4 7,562 4
0,60 450,0 85,95 0,001 033 2 2,732 359,94 2 653,6 2 293,6 1,145 4 7,532 8
0,005 0,003 750 - 65,55 0,001 080 191 600 - 455,17 2 380,2 2 835,3 - 1,728 4 11,929 0 0,65 487,5 88,02 0,001 034 7 2,535 368,63 2 656,9 2 288,3 1,169 5 7,505 6
0,006 0,004 500 - 64,28 0,001 080 160 700 - 453,12 2 382,5 2 835,6 - 1,718 5 11,857 2 0,70 525,0 89,96 0,001 036 1 2,365 376,78 2 660,0 2 283,3 1,192 0 7,480 4
0,007 0,005 250 - 63,15 0,001 081 138 400 - 451,30 2 384,6 2 835,9 - 1,709 8 11,794 5
0,008 0,006 000 - 62,20 0,001 081 121 700 - 449,74 2 386,3 2 836,1 - 1,702 4 11,741 8 0,75 562,5 91,78 0,001 037 5 2,217 384,47 2 663,0 2 278,5 1,213 1 7,457 0
0,009 0,006 751 - 61,35 0,001 081 108 600 - 448,34 2 387,9 2 836,2 - 1,695 8 11,695 0 0,80 600,0 93,51 0,001 038 8 2,087 391,74 2 665,7 2 274,0 1,233 0 7,435 2
0,85 637,6 95,15 0,001 040 0 1,972 398,65 2 668,3 2 269,7 1,251 8 7,414 7
0,01 0,007 50 - 60,56 0,001 081 98 110 - 447,05 2 389,3 2 836,4 - 1,689 7 11,652 6 0,90 675,1 96,71 0,001 041 2 1,869 405,23 2 670,8 2 265,6 1,269 6 7,395 4
0,02 0,015 00 - 55,34 0,001 082 50 260 - 438,30 2 398,9 2 837,2 - 1,649 0 11,377 1 0,95 712,6 98,20 0,001 042 4 1,777 411,51 2 673,2 2 261,6 1,286 6 7,377 1
0,03 0,022 50 - 52,17 0,001 082 33 990 - 432,87 2 404,8 2 837,6 - 1,624 3 11,216 7
0,04 0,030 00 - 49,87 0,001 083 25 760 - 428,89 2 409,0 2 837,9 - 1,606 4 11,103 7 1,0 99,63 0,001 043 5 1,694 417,53 2 675,4 2 257,9 1,302 7 7,359 8
1,1 102,3 0,001 045 6 1,549 428,86 2 679,6 2 250,7 1,333 0 7,327 6
0,05 0,037 50 - 48,04 0,001 083 20 780 - 425,68 2 412,4 2 838,1 - 1,592 1 11,015 4 1,2 104,8 0,001 047 6 1,428 439,38 2 683,4 2 244,0 1,360 9 7,298 3
0,06 0,045 00 - 46,53 0,001 083 17 430 - 423,01 2 415,2 2 838,2 - 1,580 3 10,943 5 1,3 107,1 0,001 049 6 1,325 449,20 2 686,9 2 237,7 1,386 8 7,271 4
0,07 0,052 50 - 45,23 0,001 083 15 030 - 420,72 2 417,6 2 838,3 - 1,570 1 10,882 9 1,4 109,3 0,001 051 4 1,236 458,43 2 690,2 2 231,8 1,411 0 7,246 5
0,08 0,060 00 - 44,11 0,001 083 13 210 - 418,71 2 419,6 2 838,3 - 1,561 4 10,830 9
0,09 0,067 51 - 43,08 0,001 084 11 800 - 416,88 2 421,5 2 838,4 - 1,553 4 10,783 9 1,5 111,4 0,001 053 1 1,159 467,14 2 693,3 2 226,2 1,433 7 7,223 3
1,6 113,3 0,001 054 8 1,091 475,38 2 696,2 2 220,8 1,455 1 7,201 6
0,1 0,075 0 - 42,18 0,001 084 10 660 - 415,25 2 423,2 2 838,4 - 1,546 3 10,742 9 1,7 115,2 0,001 056 4 1, 031 483,22 2 698,9 2 215,7 1,475 3 7,181 3
0,2 0,150 0 - 36,03 0,001 085 5 472 - 404,03 2 434,5 2 838,5 - 1,498 4 10,472 4 1,8 116,9 0,001 058 0 0,977 1 490,70 2 701,5 2 210,8 1,494 5 7,162 1
0,3 0,225 0 - 32,24 0,001 085 3 706 - 396,99 2 441,5 2 838,5 - 1,468 9 10,313 6 1,9 118,6 0,001 059 5 0,928 8 497,84 2 703,9 2 206,1 1,512 7 7,144 0
0,4 0,300 0 - 29,51 0,001 086 2 811 - 391,85 2 446,5 2 838,4 - 1,447 7 10,202 1
2,0 120,2 0,001 060 9 0,885 3 504,69 2 706,3 2 201,6 1,530 2 7,126 8
0,5 0,375 0 - 27,31 0,001 086 2 269 - 387,68 2 450,6 2 838,2 - 1,430 7 10,114 5 2,1 121,8 0,001 062 3 0,845 8 511,27 2 708,5 2 197,2 1,546 8 7,110 4
0,6 0,450 0 - 25,51 0,001 086 1 905 - 384,23 2 453,9 2 838,1 - 1,416 7 10,043 7 2,2 123,3 0,001 063 7 0,809 7 517,61 2 710,6 2 193,0 1,562 8 7,094 8
0,7 0,525 0 - 23,99 0,001 087 1 643 - 381,33 2 456,7 2 838,0 - 1,405 0 9,985 3 2,3 124,7 0,001 065 0 0,776 7 523,72 2 712,6 2 188,9 1,578 2 7,079 9
0,8 0,600 0 - 22,63 0,001 087 1 445 - 378,70 2 459,2 2 837,9 - 1,394 5 9,933 2 2,4 126,1 0,001 066 3 0,746 4 529,62 2 714,5 2 184,9 1,593 0 7,065 7
0,9 0,675 1 - 21,40 0,001 087 1 291 - 376,33 2 461,4 2 837,7 - 1,385 1 9,887 2
2,5 127,4 0,001 067 6 0,718 4 535,32 2 716,4 2 181,1 1,607 2 7,052 0
1 0,750 - 20,33 0,001 087 1 167 - 374,25 2 463,4 2 837,6 - 1,376 8 9,847 1 2,6 128,7 0,001 068 8 0,692 5 540,85 2 718,2 2 177,3 1,620 9 7,038 9
2 1,500 - 12,91 0,001 089 600,5 - 359,67 2 477,0 2 836,7 - 1,320 0 9,580 1 2,7 130,0 0,001 070 0 0,668 4 546,21 2 719,9 2 173,7 1,634 2 7,026 2
3 2,250 - 8,37 0,001 090 407,3 - 350,62 2 485,3 2 835,9 - 1,285 5 9,424 9 2,8 131,2 0,001 071 2 0,646 0 551,41 2 721,5 2 170,1 1,647 1 7,014 0
4 3,000 - 5,05 0,001 091 309,3 - 343,93 2 491,4 2 835,3 - 1,260 4 9,315 0 2,9 132,4 0,001 072 4 0,625 1 556,47 2 723,1 2 166,7 1,659 6 7,002 3
5 3,750 - 2,41 0,001 092 249,9 - 338,59 2 496,2 2 834,8 - 1,240 6 9,229 8 3,0 133,5 0,001 073 5 0,605 6 561,40 2 724,7 2 163,3 1,671 7 6,990 9
6 4,500 - 0,21 0,001 093 209,9 - 334,12 2 500,2 2 834,3 - 1,224 1 9,160 3 3,2 135,8 0,001 075 7 0,570 0 570,87 2 727,6 2 156,7 1,694 8 6,969 3
7 5,250 1,886 0,001 000 1 181,32 7,91 2 505,0 2 497,1 0,028 9 9,107 7 3,4 137,9 0,001 077 8 0,538 5 579,88 2 730,3 2 150,5 1,716 7 6,948 9
8 6,000 3,767 0,001 000 0 159,74 15,82 2 508,5 2 492,7 0,057 5 9,058 6 3,6 139,9 0,001 079 9 0,510 4 588,48 2 732,9 2 144,4 1,737 6 6,929 8
9 6,751 5,454 0,001 000 0 142,82 22,92 2 511,9 2 488,7 0,083 0 9,015 3 3,8 141,8 0,001 081 9 0,485 1 596,72 2 735,4 2 138,6 1,757 4 6,911 6
10 7,501 6,984 0,001 000 1 129,21 29,34 2 514,4 2 485,1 0,106 0 8,976 7 4,0 143,6 0,001 083 8 0,462 3 604,63 2 737,7 2 133,0 1,776 4 6,894 4
11 8,251 8,383 0,001 000 1 118,02 35,21 2 517,0 2 481,8 0,126 9 8,941 8 4,2 145,4 0,001 085 7 0,441 6 612,23 2 739,9 2 127,6 1,794 5 6,878 0
12 9,001 9,673 0,001 000 3 108,67 40,62 2 519,4 2 478,7 0,146 1 8,910 0 4,4 147,1 0,001 087 5 0,422 7 619,55 2 741,9 2 122,4 1,811 9 6,862 3
13 9,15 10,87 0,001 000 2 100,73 45,69 2 S21,6 2 475,9 0,163 8 8,880 8 4,6 148,7 0,001 089 3 0,405 3 626,62 2 743,9 2 117,3 1,828 6 6,847 4
14 10,50 11,99 0,001 000 3 93,90 50,38 2 523,6 2 473,2 0,180 3 8,853 8 4,8 150,3 0,001 091 0 0,389 4 633,46 2 745,8 2 112,3 1,844 7 6,833 0
15 11,25 13,04 0,001 000 5 87,96 54,78 2 525,5 2 470,7 0,195 7 8,828 8 5,0 151,8 0,001 092 7 0,374 7 640,08 2 747,6 2 107,5 1,860 3 6,819 3
16 12,00 14,03 0,001 000 6 82,75 58,92 2 527,3 2 468,4 0,210 2 8,805 4 5,5 155,5 0,001 096 8 0,342 5 655,77 2 751,7 2 096,0 1,896 9 6,787 1
17 12,75 14,97 0,001 000 7 78,14 62,84 2 529,0 2 466,2 0,223 8 8,783 4 6,0 158,8 0,001 100 7 0,315 5 670,39 2 755,5 2 085,1 1,930 7 6,757 6
18 13,50 15,86 0,001 000 9 74,03 66,56 2 530,6 2 464,1 0,236 7 8,762 7 6,5 162,0 0,001 104 5 0,292 5 684,11 2 758,9 2 074,8 1,962 2 6,730 5
19 14,25 16,70 0,001 001 0 70,34 70,10 2 532,2 2 462,1 0,248 9 8,743 1 7,0 164,9 0,001 108 1 0,272 7 697,05 2 762,0 2 065,0 1,991 7 6,705 3
20 15,00 17,51 0,001 001 2 67,01 73,48 2 533,7 2 460,2 0,260 6 8,724 6 7,5 167,8 0,001 111 5 0,255 5 709,29 2 764,9 2 055,6 2,019 4 6,681 7
21 15,75 18,28 0,001 001 4 64,00 76,72 2 535,1 2 458,3 0,271 7 8,707 0 8,0 170,4 0,001 114 9 0,240 3 720,93 2 767,5 2 046,5 2,045 6 6,659 7
22 16,50 19,03 0,001 001 5 61,24 79,82 2 536,4 2 456,6 0,282 4 8,690 2 8,5 172,9 0,001 118 1 0,226 8 732,04 2 769,9 2 037,9 2,070 5 6,638 9
23 17,25 19,74 0,001 001 7 58,72 82,80 2 537,7 2 454,9 0,292 6 8,674 2 9,0 175,4 0,001 121 3 0,214 8 742,66 2 772,1 2 029,5 2,094 1 6,619 2
24 18,00 20,43 0,001 001 8 56,41 85,67 2 539,0 2 453,3 0,302 4 8,658 9 9,5 177,7 0,001 124 3 0,204 0 752,84 2 774,2 2 021,4 2,116 6 6,600 6
25 18,75 21,09 0,001 002 0 54,28 88,44 2 540,2 2 451,7 0,311 8 8,644 2 10 179,9 0,001 127 3 0,194 3 762,63 2 776,1 2 013,5 2,138 1 6,582 8
26 19,50 21,73 0,001 002 1 52,30 91,11 2 541,3 2 450,2 0,320 9 8,630 1 11 184,1 0,001 133 1 0,177 4 781,16 2 779,6 1 998,5 2,178 6 6,549 7
27 20,25 22,35 0,001 002 3 50,47 93,69 2 542,4 2 448,7 0,329 7 8,616 5 12 188,0 0,001 138 6 0,163 2 798,47 2 782,7 1 984,2 2,216 1 6,519 3
28 21,00 22,95 0,001 002 4 48,77 96,19 2 543,5 2 447,3 0,338 1 8,603 4 13 191,6 0,001 143 9 0,151 1 814,74 2 785,4 1 970,6 2,251 0 6,491 2
29 21,75 23,53 0,001 002 6 47,18 98,62 2 544,6 2 446,0 0,346 3 8,590 8 14 195,0 0,001 149 0 0,140 7 830,12 2 787,7 1 957,6 2,283 7 6,465 0
30 22,50 24,09 0,001 002 7 45,69 100,97 2 545,6 2 444,6 0,354 3 8,578 7 15 198,3 0,001 153 9 0,131 6 844,71 2 789,8 1 945,1 2,314 5 6,440 5
32 24,00 25,17 0,001 003 0 42,99 105,48 2 547,6 2 442,1 0,369 4 8,555 5 16 201,4 0,001 158 7 0,123 7 858,61 2 791,7 1 933,1 2,343 7 6,417 4
34 25,50 26,19 0,001 003 3 40,59 109,75 2 549,4 2 439,7 0,383 7 8,533 8 17 204,3 0,001 163 4 0,116 6 871,89 2 793,3 1 921,4 2,371 4 6,395 6
36 27,00 27,16 0,001 003 6 38,46 113,80 2 551,2 2 437,4 0,397 3 8,513 3 18 207,1 0,001 168 0 0,110 3 884,61 2 794,8 1 910,2 2,397 7 6,375 0
38 28,50 28,09 0,001 003 8 36,55 117,67 2 552,8 2 435,2 0,410 1 8,494 0 19 209,8 0,001 172 4 0,104 6 896,84 2 796,1 1 899,2 2,422 9 6,355 3
40 30,00 28,97 0,001 004 1 34,82 121,36 2 554,4 2 433,1 0,422 4 8,475 6 20 212,4 0,001 176 7 0,099 52 908,62 2 797,2 1 888,6 2,447 0 6,336 6
42 31,50 29,82 0,001 004 4 33,25 124,89 2 556,0 2 431,1 0,434 1 8,458 2 21 214,9 0,001 181 0 0,094 88 919,98 2 798,2 1 878,2 2,470 1 6,318 6
44 33,00 30,63 0,001 004 6 31,82 128,29 2 557,4 2 429,2 0,445 3 8,441 6 22 217,3 0,001 185 2 0,090 64 930,97 2 799,0 1 868,1 2,492 3 6,301 4
46 34,50 31,41 0,001 004 9 30,51 131,55 2 558,9 2 427,3 0,456 0 8,425 7 23 219,6 0,001 189 3 0,086 76 941,61 2 799,8 1 858,2 2,513 7 6,284 9
48 36,00 32,17 0,001 005 1 29,31 134,69 2 560,2 2 425,5 0,466 3 8,410 6 24 221,8 0,001 193 3 0,083 19 951,93 2 800,4 1 848,5 2,534 4 6,269 0
50 37,50 32,89 0,001 005 3 28,20 137,72 2 561,5 2 423,8 0,476 2 8,396 0 25 223,9 0,001 197 3 0,079 90 961,96 2 800,9 1 839,0 2,554 4 6,253 6
55 41,25 34,60 0,001 005 9 25,78 144,86 2 564,6 2 419,8 0,499 5 8,362 1 26 226,0 0,001 201 2 0,076 85 971,71 2 801,4 1 829,7 2,573 7 6,238 7
60 45,00 36,18 0,001 006 5 23,74 151,46 2 567,5 2 416,0 0,520 9 8,331 3 27 228,1 0,001 205 0 0,074 02 981,21 2 801,7 1 820,5 2,592 5 6,224 4
65 48,75 37,65 0,001 007 0 22,02 157,60 2 570,1 2 412,5 0,540 7 8,302 9 28 230,1 0,001 208 9 0,071 39 990,46 2 802,0 1 811,6 2,610 7 6,210 4
70 52,50 39,02 0,001 007 5 20,53 163,34 2 572,6 2 409,2 0,559 1 8,276 7 29 232,0 0,001 212 6 0,068 93 999,50 2 802,2 1 802,7 2,628 3 6,196 9
75 56,25 40,32 0,001 008 0 19,24 168,74 2 574,9 2 406,2 0,576 4 8,252 3 30 233,8 0,001 216 3 0,066 63 1 008,3 2 802,3 1 794,0 2,645 5 6,183 8
80 60,00 41,54 0,001 008 5 18,10 173,84 2 577,1 2 403,3 0,592 6 8,229 5 32 237,4 0,001 223 7 0,062 44 1 025,4 2 802,4 1 777,0 2,678 6 6,158 5
85 63,76 42,69 0,001 009 0 17,10 178,67 2 579,2 2 400,5 0,607 9 8,208 1 34 240,9 0,001 230 9 0,058 73 1 041,8 2 802,2 1 760,5 2,710 1 6,134 5
90 67,51 43,79 0,001 009 4 16,20 183,26 2 581,1 2 397,9 0,622 4 8,188 0 36 244,2 0,001 238 0 0,055 42 1 057,5 2 801,8 1 744,3 2,740 1 6,111 6
95 71,26 44,84 0,001 009 8 15,40 187,63 2 583,0 2 395,4 0,636 2 8,169 0 38 247,3 0,001 245 0 0,052 44 1 072,7 2 801,2 1 728,5 2,768 9 6,089 7
100 75,01 45,84 0,001 010 3 14,67 191,81 2 584,8 2 393,0 0,649 3 8,151 0 40 250,3 0,001 251 9 0,049 75 1 087,3 2 800,4 1 713,1 2,796 5 6,068 6
110 82,51 47,71 0,001 011 1 13,41 199,67 2 588,1 2 388,5 0,673 8 8,117 6 42 253,2 0,001 258 8 0,047 31 1 101,5 2 799,5 1 697,9 2,823 0 6,048 3
120 90,01 49,45 0,001 011 9 12,36 206,93 2 591,2 2 384,3 0,696 4 8,087 1 44 256,0 0,001 265 6 0,045 08 1 115,3 2 798,4 1 683,0 2,848 6 6,028 7
130 97,51 51,07 0,001 012 6 11,46 213,69 2 594,1 2 380,4 0,717 3 8,059 2 46 258,7 0,001 272 3 0,043 04 1 128,7 2 797,1 1 668,4 2,873 4 6,009 8
140 105,0 52,58 0,001 013 3 10,69 220,01 2 596,7 2 376,7 0,736 7 8,033 3 48 261,4 0,001 279 0 0,041 16 1 141,7 2 795,7 1 654,0 2,897 3 5,991 4
150 112,5 54,00 0,001 014 0 10,02 225,97 2 599,2 2 373,3 0,754 9 8,009 3
160 120,0 55,34 0,001 014 7 9,433 231,59 2 601,6 2 370,0 0,772 1 7,986 9
170 127,5 56,62 0,001 015 3 8,911 236,92 2 603,8 2 366,9 0,788 2 7,965 8
180 135,0 57,83 0,001 015 9 8,445 241,99 2 606,0 2 364,0 0,803 6 7,946 0
190 142,5 58,98 0,001 016 5 8,027 246,83 2 608,0 2 361,2 0,818 1 7,927 2
Product range
Ejectors Steam jet compressors (Thermocompressors)

Steam jet vacuum ejectors
Steam jet liquid ejectors
Gas jet compressors

Gas jet vacuum ejectors (e. g. in combination with liquid ring pumps)
Gas jet solid ejectors (pneumatic transport)
Gas jet mixing units
Waste gas ventilators
Liquid jet gas compressors

Liquid jet vacuum ejectors
Liquid jet liquid ejectors
Liquid jet solid ejectors
Multi Stage Steam Jet Water vapour as motive medium :

- without intermediate condensation
Vacuum Systems - with mixing condensers (сlosed loop systems)
- with surface condensers
- combinations with liquid ring vacuum pumps
Process vapours as motive medium :
- with mixing condensers (сlosed loop systems)
- with surface condensers
- combinations with liquid ring vacuum pumps
Process Technology Ice- / dry- and low temperature condensation systems

Vacuum refrigeration plants and crystallisation plants
Evaporation plants (for mercerizing lye)
Plants for de-dusting, absorption and gas cooling
Components for Venturi- and jet gas scrubbers

the Process Swirl droplet separators
Technology Ejectors for water- and waste water aeration
Steam jet liquid heaters
Liquid jet mixing nozzles
Steam desuperheaters
Mixing condensers (direct contact)
Surface condensers (shell and tube)
02.07.Krf
Badenstedter Straße 56 Phone: +49 511 2129-0

Division S D-30453 Hannover Fax: +49 511 2129-223
Jet Ejectors P. O. Box 91 13 63 Internet: http://www.koerting.de
Vacuum Technology D-30433 Hannover E-Mail: s@koerting.de

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Document No./ N.Ode documento:

4 Stage Vacuum System

Kunde: Kunden-Besteii-Nr.: Auftragbestätigungs-N r.:

211-1-47110-1 Steam jet booster NPS 20/16

Ergebnis: Undichtigkeiten und/oder bleibende Verformungen wurden nicht festgestellt. Alle

Körting Hannover GmbH

4 Stage Vacuum System

Kunde: Kunden-Bestell-Nr.: Auftragbestätigungs-Nr.:

R00 2022-01-20 --- Schulz Chevtchenko Skwarek

These operating instructions are related to the

Customer: INDUSTRIA DE ACEITES Y GRASAS SUPREMA,

Customer's Purchase N°.: 8132

Körting Order Ref.-N°.: 3/211/1/47110

Assembly Drawing N°.: 02042652

Körting Hannover GmbH

These operating instructions contain fundamental directions on how

Paying attention to these instructions will help to avoid dangerous situa-

2.0 Safety, safety precautions

2.1 Important instructions concerning safety which, when disregarded, could

 It is most important that the fitter in charge resp. skilled workers/

2.2 Qualification of personnel, training

Assembly, operation and maintenance of the VES is to be carried out sole-

Therefore the Owner/Manager must ascertain that the personnel desig-

The extent of responsibility, competence and supervision of personnel

2.3  These operating instructions must be always available at the vacuum

Körting Hannover GmbH

2.4 Possible dangers on non-observance of the safety measures

 Non-observance of the safety measures can lead to the endangerment of

 In particular, non-observance can cause the following dangerous situations:

- breakdown of important functions of the VES/the plant,

2.5 Working according to the safety rules

The safety measures in these operating instructions, national safety rules

2.6 Safety measures for the Owner/Manager resp. Operator

 If the VES is to be subjected to substances for which its materials cannot

 Depending on the VES wall temperatures, the apparatus (especially the

 If necessary, the VES should be provided with a sound insulation at site as

Körting Hannover GmbH

2.7 Directions for safety precautions during maintenance and servicing

- in cases where the VES has been subjected to aggressive/

whereby the rules governing waste disposal and environmental

- taken out of operation,

 During these actions, strict attention must be given to the proce-

 On completing such jobs, any safety protection devices in use must be

Recommissioning to take place according to Point 7.1 (Commissioning).

Körting Hannover GmbH

2.8 Unauthorised modifications resp. manufacturing of spares

2.9 Correct use / Unauthorised methods of operation

 This VES has been constructed especially for operation as

3.0 Transport, Intermediate Storage --- Especially important!

Transporting the VES to the point of installation resp. connection point

 On no account may lifting devices be attached to assembled pipelines

Intermediate storage - only under cover (warehouse).

Körting Hannover GmbH

4.0 Function, Description

Water vapour serves as the motive medium.

4.4 Shut-off devices (shut-off valves, gate valves or ball-cocks), measuring

Körting Hannover GmbH

5.0 Operating data

Note: All pressures of the operating data refer to the VES

5.1 Suction flow: 9 kg/h air

5.1.1 Suction flow temperature: 100 °C

5.2 Suction pressure: 2.66 mbar