DIRECT TO HOME (DTH)

By
Avishek Dutta
Roll. No- 2007-2043
Electronics & Comm. Engg.
(8th Semesters)
University Institute of Technology
Burdwan University

1
 WHAT IS DTH?
DTH stands for Direct-To-Home television.
Defined as the reception of satellite programs with a personal
dish in an individual home.
DTH symbols the “Transmission of digital video channel to
home subscribers through small dish antinna”

HISTORY
DTH services were first proposed in India in
1996 but failed with approval. Due to national
security, In 1997 Again Ban imposed Rupert
Murdoch- owned INDIAN SKY
BRODCASTING(ISKYB).
Finally Approved & Allowed in 2000.
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BROADCAST TV VS. SATELLITE TV

Satellite television is not like a broadcast television. It’s a wireless system

but both transmit via a radio signal.

Main limitation is range.

In order to receive signals, one must be in the direct ‘line of sight’ of the
antenna.

reflect radio waves. Small obstacles is not a problem but earth.

Other limitation is, signals are often distorted .

The television satellites are all in geosynchronous orbit.

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 WORKING OF DTH

A DTH network consists of a

Broadcasting centre
Satellites
Encoders
Multiplexers
Modulators and University Institute of 4
 BROADCAST CENTER

The broadcast center converts all of this programming into a high-

quality, uncompressed digital stream.
At this point, the stream contains a vast quantity of data about
270 megabits per second (Mbps) for each channel.
For DTH system communication channel is air and Band-Width is :
Ku Band Uplink : 13.75 to 14.5 GHz
Ku Band Down links : 10.95 to 11.2 GHz

: 11.45 to 11.70 GHz

: 12.50 to 12.75 GHz

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 SATELLITE
Geostationary satellite plays an important role for DTH system

GEOSTATIONARY
SATELLITE:-

• Geostationary satellite are located

exactly above the earth’s equator and
revolve around the earth in a circular
orbit.

• Geostationary satellites are positioned at

an exact height above the earth (about
36000 Km).
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 MPEG

Moving Picture Experts Group, and pronounced m-peg, is

a working group of the ISO. The term also refers to the family
of digital video compression standards and file formats
developed by the group. MPEG generally produces better-
quality video than competing formats, such as Video for
Windows, Indeo and QuickTime. MPEG files previously on
PCs needed hardware decoders (codecs) for MPEG
processing.
MPEG compression is accomplished through the use of four
basic techniques: preprocessing, temporal prediction, motion
compensation, and quantization coding
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 RECEIVING TERMINALS

Receiver solid Antenna

The receive terminals are basically for the reception of the signals being beamed
from the transmission station. The terminal consists of the following:
• receive type solid offset antenna

• LNB feed system

• Interface cables &

• Set top box

The terminal can be placed outside the window of a high rise building, on the ground
or a roof mount. The terminals can be used as per the contents being beam by the
transmission stations.

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 LNB
• LNB is the part of a satellite antenna which is positioned in front
of the dish to receive the signal and converts the signal to be
carried by cable to the receiver .

Low noise block down converter is the antenna of what is commonly called the
parabolic satellite dish commonly used in satellite TV reception.
 SET TOP BOX

A set-top box is a device that enables a television set to

become a user interface to the Internet and also enables
a television set to receive and decode digital television
(DTV) broadcasts.

DTV set-top boxes are sometimes called receivers. A set-

top box is necessary to television viewers who wish to
use their current analog television sets to receive digital
broadcasts.
 DTH Vs CABLE TV
Satellite TV involves receiving signals from a satellite where
as cable TV entails airing programs. The biggest difference
between satellite and cable TV is the picture and sound
quality. Unlike cable TV, satellite TV programs are excellent
quality with some of them being high definition. Here are
some guidelines that can help compare Dish Network with
cable TV. Dish TV
Dish network features, HD, Dolby 5.1ch, CD
--- Cable TV
sound, superior picture quality with huge nos Average Accessed quality of sound
of Channel access. and picture, Limited numbers of
channels accessed.

Dish tv has remote geographical access with

limited installations.
Cable for subscriber is a limited to
wire but major to the supplier with
huge installation.
Special features- recording and play games ,
study aids for children, and language and
home tutorial packages, with movies on
demand.
Cable TV had manual access with
least features but with Cable modem
net.
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DTH APPLICATION

• Doordarshan free-to-air services providing 40 TV

channels with no subscription fees is an attractive
preposition to people in urban and rural areas.

• A number has started IP broadcast with return

channel on PSTN line and this would be for education
and other application.

DTH BENEFITS
Cost effective communication, information and entertainment.
DTH services are transparent providing digital quality
video, audio, radio, and IP to all at equal
prices and other benefits with reliability

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 CONCLUSION

DTH has made the hopes of the people of rural areas to

come true. It helps to develop and explore the ignited mind of
people of India to think beyond the scope of imagination.

The DTH market in INDIA is relatively increase day -by-day,

Major competitors like Airtel ,Reliance, TATA, Videocon
market clash would managed to overtake Japan as the
largest DTH market in Asia. In the next 3 years (by 2014-15)
we will be able to add another 30 million subscribers.

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THANK YOU

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