INDEX

0 SOME USEFUL MATHEMATICAL FORMULAE ........................... 1-18

CHAPTER

1
UNITS DIMENSIONS ERRORS AND INSTRUMENTS .............. 19-48
1.1 Fundamental Quantities ............................................................................................................................................... 19
1.2 Derived Quantities ....................................................................................................................................................... 19
1.3 The SI system of units ................................................................................................................................................... 19
CHAPTER 1.4 Dimensions of a physical quantities ........................................................................................................................... 20
1.5 Errors in Measurement .................................................................................................................................................. 26
1.6 Vernier Callipers and Screw Gauge ............................................................................................................................. 35

2
VECTORS .................................................................................... 49-80
2.1 Scalar quantity or scalar ............................................................................................................................................... 49

CHAPTER 2.2 Vector quantity or vector .............................................................................................................................................. 49

2.3 Vectors operations ........................................................................................................................................................ 54

3
MOTION IN 1D .......................................................................... 81-158
3.1 Concept of a Point Object ......................................................................................................................... 81
3.2 Rest and Motion are Relative Terms ........................................................................................................ 81

CHAPTER
3.3 Motion ..................................................................................................................................................... 81
3.4 Motion Parameters ................................................................................................................................... 82
3.5 Uniform motion ........................................................................................................................................ 85
3.6 Equations of Motion ................................................................................................................................. 92
3.7 Motion with variable acceleration ........................................................................................................... 102
3.8 Problems based on maxima and minima ................................................................................................ 109
3.9 Study of motion by graphs ..................................................................................................................... 115
3.10 Relative Velocity : .................................................................................................................................. 136

4 MOTION IN TWO DIMENSION

AND CONSTRAINT RELATIONS ............................................ 159-244

CHAPTER 4.1
4.2
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 159
Position Vector and Displacement ......................................................................................................... 159
4.3 Average velocity ..................................................................................................................................... 160
4.4 Instantaneous velocity ............................................................................................................................ 160
4.5 Average acceleration ................................................................................................................................ 161
4.6 Instantaneous acceleration ....................................................................................................................... 161
4.7 Motion in a plane with constant acceleration .......................................................................................... 162
4.8 Relative velocity in Two Dimension ...................................................................................................... 162
4.9 Motion along a curved path .................................................................................................................... 175
4.10 Projectile Motion .................................................................................................................................. 182
4.11 Constraint Relations ............................................................................................................................... 221
 5 LAWS OF MOTION AND EQUILIBRIUM................................. 245-362
5.1 Mass ............................................................................................................................................................................. 245

CHAPTER 5.2
5.3
Weight .......................................................................................................................................................................... 246
Inertia ........................................................................................................................................................................... 246
5.4 Linear Momentum ...................................................................................................................................................... 246
5.5 Newton’s Laws of Motion ......................................................................................................................................... 246
5.6 Impulse ......................................................................................................................................................................... 248
5.7 Forces in Nature .......................................................................................................................................................... 251
5.8 D' Alembert’s Principle ............................................................................................................................................. 275
5.9 Newton’s Second Law in Non-inertial Frame ......................................................................................................... 296
5.10 Friction ........................................................................................................................................................................ 300
5.11 Static and kinetic friction ........................................................................................................................................... 301
5.12 Conservation of linear momentum ............................................................................................................................. 321
5.13 Position vector ........................................................................................................................................................... 326
5.14 Displacement Vector ................................................................................................................................................... 326
5.15 Moment of force or Torque .......................................................................................................................................... 326
5.16 Equilibrium ................................................................................................................................................................. 328
5.17 Lami’s theorem ............................................................................................................................................................ 331
5.18 Varignon’s theorem ..................................................................................................................................................... 331

6
CIRCULAR MOTION ............................................................... 363-398
6.1 Angular Velocity ......................................................................................................................................................... 363
6.2 Angular acceleration .................................................................................................................................................. 364
CHAPTER 6.3 Relationship between Angular and Linear Parameters ........................................................................................... 365
6.4 Acceleration in Circular Motion ............................................................................................................................... 367
6.5 Centripetal acceleration ............................................................................................................................................. 367
6.6 Centripetal force .......................................................................................................................................................... 369
6.7 Centrifugal force .......................................................................................................................................................... 369
6.8 Analysis of conical pendulum ................................................................................................................................... 371
6.9 Coriolis Force ............................................................................................................................................................. 373
6.10 Motion of Cyclist on Circular Road .......................................................................................................................... 377
6.11 Banking of Road ......................................................................................................................................................... 377
6.12 Motion on a plane circular path ................................................................................................................................ 378
6.13 Motion in a Vertical Circle ......................................................................................................................................... 381

7
WORK, ENERGY AND POWER .............................................. 399-460

7.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................ 399

CHAPTER 7.2 Work done by constant force ..................................................................................................................................... 399

7.3 Work done by variable force ...................................................................................................................................... 402
7.4 The principle of invariance : Work depends on frame of reference .......................................................................... 404
7.5 Kinetic energy ............................................................................................................................................................. 409
7.6 Work-Energy Theorem ................................................................................................................................................ 409
7.7 Potential energy ......................................................................................................................................................... 415
7.8 Mechanical energy ...................................................................................................................................................... 416
7.9 Principle of conservation of energy .......................................................................................................................... 420
7.10 Einstein's Mass-Energy Equivalence ....................................................................................................................... 420
7.11 Power ........................................................................................................................................................................... 421
7.12 Lifting machines ......................................................................................................................................................... 423
 8 COLLISION AND CENTRE OF MASS .................................... 461-520

8.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................ 461

CHAPTER 8.2 Types of collision ........................................................................................................................................................ 462
8.3 Analysis of 1-D or head-on elastic collision ........................................................................................................... 463
8.4 Perfectly inelastic collision in 1 D ........................................................................................................................... 464
8.5 Elastic oblique collision ........................................................................................................................................... 468
8.6 Centre of mass .............................................................................................................................................................. 487
8.7 Newton’s second law for system of Particles ........................................................................................................... 487
8.8 Centre of mass of n - particle system .......................................................................................................................... 489
8.9 Centre of mass of a rigid body .................................................................................................................................... 489
8.10 Centre of Gravity ......................................................................................................................................................... 492
8.11 Centroid ....................................................................................................................................................................... 493

9
GRAVITATION .......................................................................... 521-570
9.1 Heliocentric Model ..................................................................................................................................................... 521
9.2 Kepler’s Laws ............................................................................................................................................................. 521
CHAPTER 9.3 Newton’s Law of gravitation .................................................................................................................................... 523
9.4 Shell Theorem .............................................................................................................................................................. 524
9.5 Derivation of Kepler’s Laws ..................................................................................................................................... 524
9.5 Intensity of gravitational field or gravitational field strength ............................................................................... 529
9.6 Gravitational Potential Energy ................................................................................................................................ 533
9.7 Gravitational potential .............................................................................................................................................. 539
9.8 Escape velocity (Escape Speed) ............................................................................................................................... 543
9.9 Black Hole ................................................................................................................................................................... 545
9.10 Satellite ........................................................................................................................................................................ 546
9.11 Orbital velocity .......................................................................................................................................................... 546
9.12 Time period of revolution ........................................................................................................................................... 547
9.13 Energy of a satellite .................................................................................................................................................... 548
9.14 Binding Energy .......................................................................................................................................................... 548
9.15 Geostationary satellite (GSS) .................................................................................................................................... 549
9.16 Reduction of two-body problem to one-body problem: reduced mass .................................................................. 553

10
REVISION (FORMULAE AND IMPORTANT POINTS) ........... 571-616

CHAPTER