FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 1. A patient is wearing a soft wrist-safety device. Which of the following nursing assessment is considered abnormal?

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Hypethermia
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b. Diabetes Mellitus c. Angina d. Chronic Renal Failure 5. What is the characteristic of the nursing process?
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a. Tell her not to cry and it will be better. b. Provide opportunity to the client to tell their story. c. Encourage her to accept or to replace the lost person.

a. Palpable radial pulse b. Palpable ulnar pulse

a. stagnant d. Discourage the client in expressing her emotions. 9. It is the gradual decrease of the bodys temperature after death.
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c. Capillary refill within 3 seconds d. Bluish fingernails, cool and pale fingers 2. Pias serum sodium level is 150 mEq/L. Which of the following food items does the nurse instruct Pia to avoid?
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b. inflexible c. asystematic d. goal-oriented 6. A skin lesion which is fluidfilled, less than 1 cm in size is called:
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a. livor mortis b. rigor mortis c. algor mortis a. papule d. none of the above

a. broccoli b. sardines c. cabbage d. tomatoes 3. Jason, 3 years old vomited. His mom stated, He vomited 6 ounces of his formula this morning. This statement is an example of:
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b. vesicle c. bulla d. macule 7. During application of medication into the ear, which of the following is inappropriate nursing action?
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10. When performing an admission assessment on a newly admitted patient, the nurse percusses resonance. The nurse knows that resonance heard on percussion is most commonly heard over which organ?
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a. thigh b. liver c. intestine d. lung 11. The nurse is aware that Bells palsy affects which cranial nerve?
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a. objective data from a secondary source b. objective data from a primary source c. subjective data from a primary source d. subjective data from a secondary source 4. Which of the following is a nursing diagnosis?
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a. In an adult, pull the pinna upward. b. Instill the medication directly into the tympanic membrane. c. Warm the medication at room or body temperature. d. Press the tragus of the ear a few times to assist flow of medication into the ear canal. 8. Which of the following is appropriate nursing intervention for a client who is grieving over the death of her child?

a. 2nd CN (Optic) b. 3rd CN (Occulomotor)

a.

c. 4th CN (Trochlear) d. 7th CN (Facial) 12. Prolonged deficiency of Vitamin B9 leads to:
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15. Claire is admitted with a diagnosis of chronic shoulder pain. By definition, the nurse understands that the patient has had pain for more than:
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18. To assess the adequacy of food intake, which of the following assessment parameters is best used?
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a. food a. 3 preferences b. regularity of meal times

months a. scurvy b. pellagra c. megaloblastic anemia d. pernicious anemia 13. Nurse Cherry is teaching a 72 year old patient about a newly prescribed medication. What could cause a geriatric patient to have difficulty retaining knowledge about the newly prescribed medication?
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b. 6 months c. 3-day diet recall c. 9 months d. eating style and habits d. 1 year 16. Which of the following statements regarding the nursing process is true?
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a. It is useful on outpatient settings. b. It progresses in separate, unrelated steps. c. It focuses on the patient, not the nurse. d. It provides the solution to all patient health problems. 17. Which of the following is considered significant enough to require immediate communication to another member of the health care team?
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19. Van Fajardo is a 55 year old who was admitted to the hospital with newly diagnosed hepatitis. The nurse is doing a patient teaching with Mr. Fajardo. What kind of role does the nurse assume?
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a. talker b. teacher c. thinker d. doer 20. When providing a continuous enteral feeding, which of the following action is essential for the nurse to do?
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a. Absence of family support b. Decreased sensory functions c. Patient has no interest on learning d. Decreased plasma drug levels 14. When assessing a patients level of consciousness, which type of nursing intervention is the nurse performing?
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a. Weight loss of 3 lbs in a 120 lb female patient. b. Diminished breath sounds in patient with previously normal breath sounds c. Patient stated, I feel less nauseated. d. Change of heart rate from 70 to 83 beats per minute.

a. Place the client on the left side of the bed. b. Attach the feeding bag to the current tubing. c. Elevate the head of the bed. d. Cold the formula before administering it. 21. Kussmauls breathing is;

a. Independent b. Dependent c. Collaborative d. Professional

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c. denial d. acceptance 23. Immunization for healthy babies and preschool children is an example of what level of preventive health care?
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a. Shallow breaths interrupted by apnea. b. Prolonged gasping inspiration followed by a very short, usually inefficient expiration. c. Marked rhythmic waxing and waning of respirations from very deep to very shallow breathing and temporary apnea. d. Increased rate and depth of respiration. 22. Presty has terminal cancer and she refuses to believe that loss is happening ans she assumes artificial cheerfulness. What stage of grieving is she in?
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d. Patient stated, My arms still hurt. 25. The nurse is assessing the endocrine system. Which organ is part of the endocrine system?
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a. Heart b. Sinus c. Thyroid d. Thymus

a. Primary b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. Curative 24. Which is an example of a subjective data?

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a. a. Temperature of 38 0C b. Vomiting for 3 days

depression b. bargaining c. Productive cough ANWERS: 1. A patient is wearing a soft wrist-safety device. Which of the following nursing assessment is considered abnormal? d. Bluish fingernails, cool and pale fingers Question was not answered A safety device on the wrist may impair blood circulation. Therefore, the nurse should assess the patient for signs of impaired circulation such as bluish fingernails, cool and pale fingers. Palpable radial and ulnar pulses, capillary refill within 3 seconds are all normal findings. 2. Pias serum sodium level is 150 mEq/L. Which of the following food items does the nurse instruct Pia to avoid? b. sardines Question was not answered The normal serum sodium level is 135 to 145 mEq/L, the client is having hypernatremia. Pia should avoid food high in sodium like processed food. Broccoli, cabbage and tomatoes are good source of Vitamin C. 3. Jason, 3 years old vomited. His mom stated, He vomited 6 ounces of his formula this morning. This statement is an example of: a. objective data from a secondary source Question was not answered Jason is the primary source; his mother is a secondary source. The data is objective because it can be perceived by the senses, verified by another person observing the same patient, and tested against accepted standards or norms. 4. Which of the following is a nursing diagnosis?

a. Hypethermia

Question was not answered Hyperthermia is a NANDA-approved nursing diagnosis. Diabetes Mellitus, Angina and Chronic Renal Failure are medical diagnoses. 5. What is the characteristic of the nursing process? d. goal-oriented

Question was not answered

The nursing process is goal-oriented. It is also systematic, patient-centered, and dynamic. 6. A skin lesion which is fluid-filled, less than 1 cm in size is called: b. vesicle Question was not answered Vesicle is a circumscribed circulation containing serous fluid or blood and less than 1 cm (ex. Blister, chicken pox). 7. During application of medication into the ear, which of the following is inappropriate nursing action? b. Instill the medication directly into the tympanic membrane.

c. megaloblastic anemia

Question was not answered Prolonged Vitamin B9 deficiency will lead to megaloblastic anemia while pernicious anemia results in deficiency in Vitamin B12. Prolonged deficiency of Vitamin C leads to scurvy and Pellagra results in deficiency in Vitamin B3. 13. Nurse Cherry is teaching a 72 year old patient about a newly prescribed medication. What could cause a geriatric patient to have difficulty retaining knowledge about the newly prescribed medication? b. Decreased sensory functions Question was not answered Decreased in sensory functions could cause a geriatric patient to have difficulty retaining knowledge about the newly prescribed medications. Absence of family support and no interest on learning may affect compliance, not knowledge retention. Decreased plasma levels do not alter patients knowledge about the drug. 14. When assessing a patients level of consciousness, which type of nursing intervention is the nurse performing? a. Independent Question was not answered Independent nursing interventions involve actions that nurses initiate based on their own knowledge and skills without the direction or supervision of another member of the health care team. 15. Claire is admitted with a diagnosis of chronic shoulder pain. By definition, the nurse understands that the patient has had pain for more than: b. 6 months Question was not answered Chronic pain s usually defined as pain lasting longer than 6 months. 16. Which of the following statements regarding the nursing process is true? c. It focuses on the patient, not the nurse. Question was not answered The nursing process is patient-centered, not nursecentered. It can be use in any setting, and the steps are related. The nursing process cant solve all patient health problems. 17. Which of the following is considered significant enough to require immediate communication to another member of the health care team? b. Diminished breath sounds in patient with previously normal breath sounds

Question was not answered During the application of medication it is inappropriate to instill the medication directly into the tympanic membrane. The right thing to do is instill the medication along the lateral wall of the auditory canal. 8. Which of the following is appropriate nursing intervention for a client who is grieving over the death of her child? b. Provide opportunity to the client to tell their story.

Question was not answered Providing a grieving person an opportunity to tell their story allows the person to express feelings. This is therapeutic in assisting the client resolve grief. 9. It is the gradual decrease of the bodys temperature after death.

c. algor mortis

Question was not answered Algor mortis is the decrease of the bodys temperature after death. Livor mortis is the discoloration of the skin after death. Rigor mortis is the stiffening of the body that occurs about 2-4 hours after death. 10. When performing an admission assessment on a newly admitted patient, the nurse percusses resonance. The nurse knows that resonance heard on percussion is most commonly heard over which organ? d. lung Question was not answered Resonance is loud, low-pitched and long duration thats heard most commonly over an air-filled tissue such as a normal lung. 11. The nurse is aware that Bells palsy affects which cranial nerve? d. 7th CN (Facial) Question was not answered Bells palsy is the paralysis of the motor component of the 7th caranial nerve, resulting in facial sag, inability to close the eyelid or the mouth, drooling, flat nasolabial fold and loss of taste on the affected side of the face. 12. Prolonged deficiency of Vitamin B9 leads to:

Question was not answered Diminished breath sound is a life threatening problem therefore it is highly priority because they pose the greatest threat to the patientswell-being. 18. To assess the adequacy of food intake, which of the following assessment parameters is best used? c. 3-day diet recall Question was not answered

3-day diet recall is an example of dietary history. This is used to indicate the adequacy of food intake of the client. 19. Van Fajardo is a 55 year old who was admitted to the hospital with newly diagnosed hepatitis. The nurse is doing a patient teaching with Mr. Fajardo. What kind of role does the nurse assume? b. teacher Question was not answered The nurse will assume the role of a teacher in this therapeutic relationship. The other roles are inappropriate in this situation. 20. When providing a continuous enteral feeding, which of the following action is essential for the nurse to do? c. Elevate the head of the bed. Question was not answered Elevating the head of the bed during an enteral feeding prevents aspiration. The patient may be placed on the right side to prevent aspiration. Enteral feedings are given at room temperature to lessen GI distress. The enteral tubing should be changed every 24 hours to limit microbial growth. 21. Kussmauls breathing is; d. Increased rate and depth of respiration.

22. Presty has terminal cancer and she refuses to believe that loss is happening ans she assumes artificial cheerfulness. What stage of grieving is she in? c. denial Question was not answered The client is in denial stage because she is unready to face the reality that loss is happening and she assumes artificial cheerfulness. 23. Immunization for healthy babies and preschool children is an example of what level of preventive health care? a. Primary Question was not answered The primary level focuses on health promotion. Secondary level focuses on health maintenance. Tertiary focuses on rehabilitation. There is n Curative level of preventive health care problems. 24. Which is an example of a subjective data? d. Patient stated, My arms still hurt. Question was not answered Subjective data are apparent only to the person affected and can or verified only by that person. 25. The nurse is assessing the endocrine system. Which organ is part of the endocrine system? c. Thyroid Question was not answered The thyroid is part of the endocrine system. Heart, sinus and thymus are not.

Question was not answered Kussmaul breathing is also called as hyperventilation. Seen in metabolic acidosis and renal failure. Option A refers to Biots breathing. Option Bis apneustic breathing and option C is the Cheyne-stokes breathing.