SECTION A (60 marks) Answer all questions in this section

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini. 1. Table 1 shows proton number and nucleon number for atoms P, Q and R.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi atom-atom P, Q dan R.

Atom P Q R

Proton number 11 17 17 Table 1

Nucleon number 23 35 37

(a)

What is meant by the nucleon number of an atom?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan nombor nukleon bagi atom?

______________________________________________________________ [1 ] (b) (i) State the atoms that are isotopes.

Nyatakan atom-atom yang merupakan isotop.

__________________________________________________________________ [1 ] (ii) State a reason for your answer in (b)(i).

Nyatakan sebab bagi jawapan anda di (b)(i).

__________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ [ 1] (c) Write the electron arrangement of atom P.

Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom P.

_______________________________________________________ [1 ]

(d) Draw the electron arrangement of atom Q.

Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi atom Q.

[2 ] (e) The information shows the composition of an organic compound S.

Maklumat menunjukkan komposisi suatu sebatian organik S.

Carbon
Karbon

64.87% 13.51% 21.62% H=1, C=12, O=16]

Hydrogen
Hidrogen

Oxygen
Oksigen

[Relative atomic mass :

Jisim atom relatif

Determine the empirical formula of compound S.

Tentukan formula empirik bagi sebatian S.

[4 ]

2. Table 2.1 shows the proton number, the nucleon number and the electron arrangement of P, Q, R, T, and U atoms.
Jadual 2.1 menunjukkan nombor proton, nombor nukleon dan susunan elektron bagi P, Q, R dan T

Atom P Q R S T U

Proton number
Nombr proton

Nucleon number
Nukleon nombor

Electron arrangement
Susunan elektron

6 15 16 19 Table 2.1

12 14 23 30 20

2.4 2.8.1 2.8.6 2.8.8.1

a) State one atom which is from Group 1.

Nyatakan atom yang terletak didalam kumpulan 1.

______________________________________________

[1]

b) Write the electron arrangements of atom P and atom S.

Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom P dan S

P: __________________________

S: __________________________

[2]

c) Write the proton numbers of atom Q and atom R

Tuliskan nombor proton bagi atom Q dan R

Q: __________________________

R: __________________________

[2]

d) (i) State the number of neutrons in atom U. Nyatakan nombor neutron bagi atom U __________________________________ [1]

(ii) Represent atom U in the form of

Z

Tuliskan semula atom U dalam bentuk

U
Z

__________________________________ e) If the number of neutrons in atom T is 16. State the nucleon number for atom T .
Jika bilangan neutron bagi atom T ialah 16. Nyatakan nombor nukleon bagi atom T.

[2]

______________________________________________________________ e) How many valence electrons does atom S has?

Berapakah elektron valen yang terdapat dalam atom S.?

[1]

_______________________________________________________________ 3. Table 3.1 shows the apparatus for the experiment to determine the melting point of naphthalene and table 3.2 shows the result achieved.
Jadual 3.1 menunujukkan peralatan yang digunakan untuk menjalankan eksperimen bagi menentukan takat lebur naftalena dan jadual 3.2 menunjukkan keputusan yang diperolehi dalam eksperimen tersebut.

[1]

Thermometer Tripod stand Time (second) Temperature ( 0C)

Beaker Retort stand Table 3.1 60 58 90 64 120 68 150 72 Table 3.2 180 75 210 78 240 78

Bunsen Burner Boiling tube

270 78

300 80

330 82

The naphthalene was heated in a water bath for a few minutes and stirred.
Naftalena telah dipanaskan dengan menggunakan kukus air dan dikacau

Table 3.2 shows the results of the experiment. a) Using the apparatus given in Table 3.1, draw the set up apparatus to determine the melting point of naphthalene.
Dengan menggunakan peralatan yang diberikan dalam jadual 3.1, lukiskan set gambarajah untuk menentukan takat lebur naftalena. [3 ]

b) Draw a graph of the heating of naphthalene, temperature versus time on a piece of graph paper.
Lukiskan graf pemanasan naftalena bagi suhu melawan masa di atas kertas graf

[4]

c)

Based on the graph, state the melting point of naphthalene

Berdasarkan graf, nyatakan takat lebur bagi naftalena.

_______________________________________________ d) What is the physical state of naphthalene at the fourth minute?

Apakah keadaan fizikal naftalena pada minit ke empat?

[1]

________________________________________________

[1]

e)

Why did naphthalene have to be stirred during the experiment?

Mengapakah naftalena mesti dikacau semasa eksperimen dijalankan.

________________________________________________________________ [1] f) Substance X has a melting point between 100 0C to 120 0C. Do you think that the melting point of substance X can be determined with this method? Explain why.
Bahan X mempunyai takat lebur antara 100 0C hingga 120 0C. Pada pendapat anda ,adakah takat lebur bahan X boleh di tentukan dengan menggunakan kaedah ini.?Terangkan .

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ [2] 4. Table 4.1 shows the formula of ion involved in a reaction.
Jadual 4.1 menunjukkan fomula ion yang terlibat dalam satu tindak balas.

Name of ions Formula of ions

Silver ion Ag +

Calcium ion Ca 2+ Table 4.1

Sulphate ion SO42-

Chloride ion Cl-

a)

What is another name for a positively charged ion?

Apakah nama lain bagi ion yang bercas positif? [1]

____________________________________________________

b) Write the formula for each of the substance in the table below:
Tuliskan fomula bagi setiap bahan di dalam jadual di bawah ini. Substance Silver sulphate Argentum sulfat Calcum chloride Kalsium klorida Silver chloride Argentum klorida Calcium sulphate Kalsium sulfat [4] Formula

c)

When solid copper (II) carbonate, CuCO3 is heated strongly, it decompose to copper (II) oxide, CuO and carbon dioxide gas. Apabila pepejal kuprum(ii) karbonat dipanaskan dengan kuat, ia akan diuraikan kepada kuprum (II) oksida dan gas karbon dioksida.
Namakan bahan tindak balas dan hasil tindak balas

i) Name the reactant and products in this reaction. Reactants : ___________________________________________ Bahan Products : ____________________________________________ Hasil [3] ii) What is the formula of carbon dioxide gas?
Apakah fomula gas karbon dioksida

___________________________________________________________________ [1] iii) Write the balance chemical equation for this reaction.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia seimbang bagi tindak balas ini.

________________________________________________________

[2]

5.

Diagram 5.1 Diagram 5.1 shows the set-up apparatus for the experiment to determine the empirical formula of copper (II) oxide. Diagram 5.1 menunjukkan satu set peralatan eksperimen untuk menentukan fomula empirik kuprum (II) oksida. (a) What is the colour of copper (II) oxide?
Apakah warna kuprum(II) oksida

________________________________________________

[1]

(b) Substance A is a colourless liquid. What is substance A?

Bahan A ialah cecair yang tidak berwarna. Apakah bahan A ini?

_______________________________________________

[1]

(c) Hydrogen gas must be passed through the combustion tube for a few minutes before heating.Explain why.
Gas hidrogen mesti dialirkan ke dalam tabung pembakaran selama beberapa minit sebelum pemanasan dilakukan. Terangkan mengapa.

__________________________________________________________________ (d) The result of the experiment is given on the table below
Jadual dibawah menunjukkan satu keputusan ekperimen

[1]

Mass of combustion tube + porcelain Mass of combustion tube + porcelain + copper(II)oxide Mass of combustion tube + porcelain + copper [ Relative atomic mass : Cu= 64, O= 16] (i) calculate the mass of copper.
Kira jisim kuprum.

2.92 g 32.52g 30.60 g

[1]

(ii)

calculate the mass of oxygen .

Kira jisim oksigen.

[1]

(iii) From the answers in (i) and (ii), determine the empirical formula of copper (II) oxide.
Daripada jawapan (i) dan (ii) , tentukan fomula empirik bagi kuprum (II)oksida.

[3]

(Iv) Write the balanced chemical equation of the reaction that occurs in the experiment
Tuliskan persamaan kimia seimbang bagi tindak balas kimia yang berlaku dalam eksperimen ini.

__________________________________________________________ 6.

[2]

2Al

6HCl

2AlCl3

3H2

5.4g of aluminium powder is reacted with hydrochloric acid to produce products as shown in chemical equation above.
5.4 g serbuk aluminium telah bertindak balas dengan acid hidroklorik dan menghasilkan produk seperti dalam persamaan kimia di atas.

[Relative atomic mass : Al=27, Cl=35.5, and 1 mole gas occupies 24 dm3 at room temperature] [Avogadro constant = 6.02 X 1023] (a) Name the substance with the formulae of AlCl3
Namakan bahan yang mempunyai fomula AlCl3

__________________________________________________________ (b) Calculate the number of mole in 5.4g of aluminium.

Kirakan bilangan mol dalam 5.4g aluminium.

[1]

[1]

(c) If 2.5 mole of AlCl3 is produced in this reaction. Determine the mass of AlCl3 Jika 2.5 mol AlCl3 dihasilkan di dalam tindak balas ini, tentukan jisim AlCl3. [2] (d) if 48 dm3 of hydrogen gas was released in this reaction at room temperature. Calculate the number of hydrogen molecules present
Jika 48 dm3 gas hidrogen dibebaskan dalam tindak balas ini pada suhu bilik. Kira bilangan molekul hidrogen

[3]

SECTION B (40 marks) Answer all the questions.

1 (a)

The molecular formula of glucose is C6H12O6 Formula molecul bagi glukosa ialah C6H12O6. i) ii) iii) iv) How many elements are there in the compound?
Berapakah jumlah elemen yang terdapat dalam sebatian ini.

How many atoms are there in the compound?

Berapakah jumlah atom yang terdapat dalam sebatian ini.

State the ratio of the elements.

Nyatakan nisbah bagi elemen-elemen ini.

Write the empirical formula

Tuliskan fomula empirik bagi sebatian ini.

[4]

(b)

With the aid of a labeled diagram, describe an experiment to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide. In your answer, state the precautionary steps taken. Show all the workings in the determination of the empirical formula.
Dengan menggunakan gambarajah yang berlabel, terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan fomula empiric bagi magnesium oksida. Di dalam jawapan anda, terangkan langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu dilaksanakan. Tunjukkan semua cara kerja untuk menentukan fomula empirik tersebut. [Relative atomic mass; Mg=24, O=16]

[15]

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2.

Diagram 2, shows the proton number and the nucleon number for two elements, G and W. The letters used do not represent the actual symbols of the elements.
Diagram 2, menunjukkan proton nombor dan nukleon nombor bagi dua elemen iaitu G dan W. Huruf yang digunakan bukanlah mengambarkan simbol elemen sebenar.

24

35

G
12 17

Construct a table to show the information of the two elements in term of,
Bina sebuah jadual untuk menunjukkan maklumat bagi dua elemen di atas dari segi,

i) ii) iii) iv) v)

the number of proton

proton nombor

the number of neutrons

bilangan neutron

the electron arrangement

susunan elektron

the number of valence electrons

electron valen

their group
kumpulan

[6] b) Balance the following chemical equation

Seimbangkan persamaan kimia berikut

i) ii)

Na Zn

+ +

Br2 HNO3

NaBr Zn (NO3)2 + H2

11

iii)

N2

H2

NH3 [3]

(c)

Calculate
Kira,

i) ii)

the relative formula mass of MgSO4.7H2O and

jisim fomula relative bagi MgSO4.7H2O dan

the relative molecular mass of (NH4)2 SO4

jisim molecule relative bagi (NH4)2 SO4

[ Relative atomic mass: Mg=24,S=32, O=16, H=1,N=14] [4]

d)

Caffeine is one of the substances in coffee. 0.97 g of caffeine consists of 0.48 g carbon, 0.05 g hydrogen, 0.28 g nitrogen and 0.16 g oxygen. The molar mass of caffeine is 194 gmol -1
Kefin merupakan sejenis bahan yang terdapat didalam kopi. 0.97 g kefin mengandungi 0.48 g carbon, 0.05 g hidrogen, 0.28 g nitrogen dan 0.16 g oksigen. Jisim molar bagi kefin ialah 194 gmol -1
[Relative atomic mass: C=12, H=1, N=14, O=16]

Based on the information above, determine the empirical formula and molecular formula of caffeine.
Berdasarkan maklumat diatas, tentukan fomula empirik dan folmula molekul bagi kefin.

[8]

END OF QUESTIONS

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