Gustav R. Grob, F.

EI President, International Clean Energy Consortium ICEC Chairman, ISO Committee on Technical Energy Systems Analyses Executive Secretary, International Sustainable Energy Organization

Where it started 1st Generation

2nd Generation Wind Mills

3rd Generation Wind Power

Geared horizontal and vertical wind turbines Transition from stalled wind blades to pitch control

3rd Generation advanced gearless but auxiliary excitement and still too high logistics & crane cost

Trend to bigger generators

Growing Wind Power Market

4th Generation STARWIND

Gearless, permanent magnets, pitch controlled Advanced concrete tower, highest efficiency Lower maintenance cost and very long life
Example

Gearless with permanent magnets

4th Generation Wind Power

Wind Power Cost
Energy C ost (EU R /kW h) 0.300 0.250 0.200 0.150 0.100 0.050 0.000 0 1000 2000 3rd Generation Offshore 4th Generation STARWIND 3000 4000 5000 2nd Generation

Power (kW)

The Evolution of Wind Power to the 4th Generation

1st Generation 2nd Generation 3rd Generation 4th Generation Remarks

Time Period

4000 BC-1800

19th Century

20th Century

21st Century

Uses

Water Pumping Grain Mills

Power Generation Mills

Power Generation

Power Generation

STARWIND supports the grid in blackouts

Types

Mechanical

Electric

Electric Geared & Gearless Generators Auxiliary Exitation

Electric Gearless Generators Permanent Magnets (no slip rings)

The STARWIND generator performs about 5 % better than any competitor

Wind Blades

Wood & Cloth hand-adjusted or stalled

Wood / Metal stalled

Plastics (PE) pitch control

Plastics (Epoxy) or Bio-Plastics fail safe pitch control

STARWIND is using the most advanced wind blade design

Towers

Wood (carpentry)

Wood (handycraft)

Steel or Concrete

Extruded Concrete (self-mounting)

patented STARWIND long-life concrete tower

Erection

Manual

Manual

High-rise Crane

No High-rise Crane

STARWIND transport

(self-erecting)

and crane savings huge

TOTAL USABLE ENERGY ON EARTH E ENERGY [PWh]

DEPLETION OF FINITE ENERGY RESOURCE

200

TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION INEVITABLE CLIMAX OF MINERAL ENERGY PRESENT SITUATION

OPTION A

MAXIMUM OPTION B

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUPPLY

100

HAZARDOUS AND DEPLETING ENERGY CONSUMPTION (FOSSIL & FISSILE)

RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION

-1000 0 1000 2000

SOLAR PV & THERMAL ENERGY DIRECT WIND POWER HYDRO POWER / TIDAL / WAVE POWER OCEAN & GEOTHERMAL ENERGY BIOMASS / BIOGAS ENERGY AMBIENT ENERGY MUSCLE POWER NOVEL ENERGY SYSTEMS OPTION 0 (ZERO-SUBSTITUTION

t
3000 4000 5000 [YEARS]

SOURCE : ISEO

ENERGY HISTORY & FORECAST

Renewable Energy Option - Bio energy - Hydropower

Immediately Feasible Theor. Potential 78 50 PWh/year 8 2 388 160 435 4 53 6 40 20 10 15 10 1 100 339 PWh/year 202 50 10 200 1537 14

- Geothermal Electricity Conventional - Geothermal Heat - Wind Power - Solar PV Power - Solar Thermal Power - Solar Active Heat - Solar Passive Heat (Buildings) - Ocean Energy (Waves and Tides) - Heat Pumps - Muscle Energy (Food Chain) - Novel Energy Technologies (R&D) Total RE potential

- Geothermal Electricity / Hot Dry Rock 20

E R C N S/ k h UO E T W 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 N cle r u a G sF d a ire O F d il ire Ca F d o l ire B m ss io a H ro P w r yd o e O a W ve ce n a W dP w r in o e S la T e a o r h rm l G oT e a e h ml OE T C P V ENERGY SYSTEM Min. Net Cost Max Net Cost Extra Risk Carbon Credit External Cost

TRUE ENERGY COST

W O R L D E N E R G Y S C E N A R I O 2000 - 2050
300. 0 250. 0 200. 0 150. 0 100. 0 50. 0

WO R L D E N E R G Y D E M A N D
2% ANNUAL GROWT H

RE NE WABLE E NE RGY DE M AND GROWT H AV . 5. 2 % FI NI T E E NE RGY DE CLI NE

0. 0

2000

2010

2020

2030

2040

So u r c e f o r F i n i t e E n e r g y D a t a : A SP O a t w w w . p e a k o i l . n e t & K y o t o P r o t o c o l

www.uniseo.org