Oil Spill Response Strategy

BTC Project

OIL SPILL RESPONSE STRATEGY

Oil Spill Response Strategy

BTC Project

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page 1.1 Minimising Environmental Damage in the Event of a Spill ......................3 1.1.1 Introduction............................................................................................3 1.1.2 Oil Spill Response Planning ..................................................................5 1.1.2.1 Response Management Structure.......................................................5 1.1.2.2 OSRP Format .....................................................................................6 1.1.2.3 Oil Spill Response Planning Standards..............................................6 1.1.2.4 Oil Properties Planning Standard .......................................................6 1.1.2.5 Oil Spill Classification Standard (Tiers) ............................................6 1.1.2.6 Response Time Planning Standards ...................................................7 1.1.2.7 Safety Standards.................................................................................7 1.1.2.8 Geographically-based Response ........................................................8 1.1.2.9 GIS / GPS Support Services ..............................................................8 1.1.2.10 Tactical Action Planning................................................................8 1.1.2.11 Response Resources .......................................................................9 1.1.2.12 Strategic and Tactical Initiatives..................................................10 1.1.2.13 Wildlife Care................................................................................10 1.1.2.14 Training ........................................................................................10 1.1.2.15 Containment Manuals ..................................................................11 1.1.2.16 Oil Spill Response Contract .........................................................11 1.1.2.17 Location of Oil Spill Response Equipment .................................12 1.2 Programme ...............................................................................................12

Oil Spill Response Strategy

BTC Project

1.1 1.1.1

MINIMISING ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE IN THE EVENT OF A SPILL Introduction

In the highly unlikely event of an oil spill, the final step in environmental protectionis the rapid shutdown of the pipeline system and the effective deployment of a field response in order to contain the spill and minimise its impact. Detailed planning for pipeline leaks is essential if an effective response is to be implemented. In undertaking this planning a programme of consultation, development of procedures, employment and training of staff and purchase of response equipment has been developed. An overview of the Oil Spill strategy being adopted by BTC is provided in the country specific E(S)IAs and specifically in the Framework for Development of a Comprehensive Oil Spill Response Capability for the BTC Project incorporated as an appendix in each E(S)IA. This report provides an update of BTC Co.s approach to Oil Spill Response planning for the operational phase of the Project. Specific plans have been developed for Oil Spill Response during construction and these are set out in the Pollution Prevention CCPs. Figure 1 provides an overview of the process being followed in oil spill response planning for the operational phase of the project. Figure 1 Overview of oil spill response planning Oil Spill Response Operations Develop concepts for operations (described in ESIA and OSRP Framework)

Oil Spill Response Framework Document

Develop Oil Spill Response Plan

Develop Containment Manuals

Operations Procedures and Manuals Development

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BTC Project

Purchase Oil Spill Response Equipment Employ and Train Response Staff

Purchase Equipment and Vehicles for Operational Requirements Employ and Train Field Staff

In order to minimise the environmental damage of a leak event, it is important that the pipeline operations staff takes appropriate actions. The presence of a leak is likely to be identified by the systems operators via the leak detection system. However, there is also the possibility that field patrol staff, the public or other operations staff may detect a leak or spill. Information from the systems will be assessed by the operators and the implications of undertaking specific actions assessed. Development of a comprehensive set of procedures and implementation of appropriate training is therefore very important and is being implemented as described in Figure 1. Having taken action (which may involve shutting down the pipeline) the operations team will implement procedures for: Ascertaining more information about the loss of containment Minimising the potential spill size Initiation of pipeline repair procedures

In undertaking the environmental risk assessment, estimates of the times taken to implement the various response procedures were used; these estimates are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Leak detection and system shutdown estimates for the three hole size scenarios Activity
Time to detect and confirm leak Time to shutdown pumps Time to close block valves in affected section Total time (rounded) from detection to system shutdown Time to mobilise Spill Response Team and contain/control leak

5mm Hole
48 hours Note 1 10 minutes 10 minutes 48 hours

50mm Hole
1 hour 10 minutes 10 minutes 80 minutes

Full Bore Rupture

1 minute 10 minutesnote 2 10 minutesnote 2 21 minutes 24 72 hours to mobilise team and equipment sufficient to deal with major spill.

24 hours

24 hours

Note 1These response times assume that the leak is detected via pipeline patrols rather than the leak detection system. Note 2 these response times where determined early in the design process following consultantion with the design engineers for the Az, Ge and Tk section and with Operations personnal. Subsequent engineering assessment suggest that it may be possible to reduce the response times and the implications of such response times have been reported in several

Oil Spill Response Strategy

BTC Project

documents including SLIPs. These more conservative response times have been used in the Oil Spill Planning process as they are considered to represent a realistic or possibly conservative assessment of response times

1.1.2

Oil Spill Response Planning

The oil spill response framework document was developed as part of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) process for each country with input from the results of the Environmental Risk Assessment. The following sections provide an update on the development of the various plans and employment of resources.

The aims and objectives of the proposed BTC Oil Spill Response Plan (OSRP) will be to provide the means to: Control a release, which may arise from a fault in the operation of the pipeline and associated facilities. Minimise the volume of any release, if they do occur, by securing the source in the most appropriate way. Minimise the extent of movement of the released oil from the source, by timely containment. Minimise the environmental impact of primary releases by timely containment and recovery response. Maximise the effectiveness of the recovery response through the selection of both the appropriate equipment and the technique to be employed. This will be based on the knowledge of the relevant properties of the oil, expected changes in these properties arising from the ambient conditions into which oil is released and land conditions and morphologies onto which oil is released. Maximize the effectiveness of the response through trained and competent, operational and response teams.

An oil spill response strategy was developed as part of the oil spill response (OSR) planning process. The strategy is set out in the Framework OSRP attached to the ESIAs for each country (the Framework). BTC Co. is currently developing various documents and implementing the OSR strategy in accordance with the Framework with key deliverables including: An Oil Spill Response Plan, Containment manuals, Purchase of equipment, and Employment and training of staff.

1.1.2.1 Response Management Structure BTC Co. will establish an oil spill response organization with the capability to manage the response to an oil spill of any size. This organization will be based on principles of the Incident Command System (ICS). BP Explorations (Caspian Sea) Limited is the assigned operator of the BTC System, and has other operations in the

Oil Spill Response Strategy

BTC Project

Host Countries. BP has established oil spill and emergency response capabilities for its operations that fall under the umbrella of its Azerbaijan Business Units Incident Management System (IMS). This IMS is currently operational in Azerbaijan and Georgia and is scheduled for expansion into Turkey in the third Quarter of 2003. BTC Co. plans to integrate the expanded IMS and its Incident Management Team (IMT) into its response management organization, while retaining essential command and decision- making responsibilities. This integration will allow BTC Co. access to BPs corporate spill management experience, capability, and resources. 1.1.2.2 OSRP Format BTC Co. has developed a standardized OSRP format that is supported by the overarching IMS, while meeting the specific needs of each Host Country. Each OSRP will be a country specific stand-alone document organized to facilitate emergency response use. 1.1.2.3 Oil Spill Response Planning Standards Determination of appropriate oil spill response resources, location of those resources, and identification of necessary support services and capabilities will be guided by a series of Oil Spill Response Planning Standards developed specifically for BTC Co. operations and environmental/social conditions. These response planning standards will include oil property, spill classification and safety standards. 1.1.2.4 Oil Properties Planning Standard Procedures and appropriate types of response equipme nt and resources must be matched to the nature and behaviour of oil transported by the BTC Pipeline, particularly as it weathers after any spill. Key oil properties to be used in oil spill response planning will be based on typical analysis of ACG Crude (Crude Assay A04398), including: Specific Gravity: 0.8515 kg/l @ 15C (API 34.5) Viscosity: 15.62 cSt @ 20C (will increase significantly as pour point is approached) Pour Point: 1 C to 19C H2 S: <10 ppm wt Emulsification Potential: Stable emulsions containing 50% water may be expected

1.1.2.5 Oil Spill Classification Standard (Tiers) BTC Co. will use the internationally accepted Tiered Response concept to describe different categories of oil spill events, based on their severity and availability of response resources. Tier classifications are determined in consideration of spill volume, sensitivity of threatened resources and other factors that can only be determined at the time of the incident. Tier definitions are: Tier 1 (Minor Spills): Tier 1 events inc lude small operational spills, which can be dealt with on site by local staff and contractors. Tier 1 spills have the potential to occur during operations such as refuelling, pig launching and receiving, valve and flange leaks, and routine operation and ma intenance activities. In most cases,

Oil Spill Response Strategy

BTC Project

containment and cleanup will be effected using the Spill Response Kits at each facility. The nearest equipment base will provide any additional oil spill equipment required. Although notified, support from the IMT will not be required. Tier 2 (Major Spills): Tier 2 incidents include larger spills that require additional local (in-country) resources and manpower. Tier 2 spills are likely to result from large fuel losses, loading hose failure or small to medium pipe failures (hole size up to 50 mm). Cleanup will be effected by dedicated oil spill equipment from incountry BTC Co. equipment stockpiles, in-country oil spill response contractors, equipment shared with other operators, or other in-country sources. Support from the IMT will be required. Tier 3 (Crisis Event): Tier 3 incidents include very large, possibly ongoing spills, which will require additional resources from outside the country of spill origin. Such spills are expected to be rare and may occur as a result of events such as full diameter pipe rupture or an uncontrolled tank failure. Response operation will utilize all of BTC Co.s available in-country Tier 2 resources, augmented by additional assets from outside the country. Extensive support from the IMT will be needed. 1.1.2.6 Response Time Planning Standards Rapid response is essential to the containment and control of an oil spill. BTC Co. will structure its response capability to meet realistic Response Time Planning Standards. These Response Time Planning Standards cover the period of time from notification of a release through mobilization of initial resources and their arrival at deployment locations. BTC Co. will have trained emergency response personnel contactable by telephone / pager / radio on standby 24 hours a day 7 days a week. The response times estimated in development of the Environmental Risk Assessment will form the basis for establishment of the response time planning standard. Equipment and initial response personnel may be staged in proximity to extremely sensitive areas to reduce the planned response time. In these circumstances, the response time planning factor (notification to mobilisation) may be reduced on a caseby-case basis. 1.1.2.7 Safety Standards Public and employee safety must be balanced against potential reductions in environmental damage associated with spills. Issues to be considered in the development of tactical response plans include the following: Safety factors including speed limits, driving at night, fire and explosion hazard, toxicity issues (oil contact/inhalation/ingestion), and work in hazardous environments, such as fast flowing rivers and steep terrain. Environmental conditions which can influence logistics including inclement weather, hazardous (steep) terrain, and condition of roads and bridges.

Oil Spill Response Strategy

BTC Project

Security issues, including incidents, which may involve no-go zones or may have been caused intentionally. Particular attention will be paid to events resulting from potential sabotage, as residual and/or secondary hazards may be present.

BTC Co. safety procedures will require completion of a Safety Risk Assessment as part of the mobilization to a response. 1.1.2.8 Geographically-based Response The BTC Pipeline System spans over 1700 kilometres of pipeline in three countries. In addition, many square kilometres of downslope areas and waterways are subject to potential exposure in the event of a release. Protection of these areas will require rapid and well-planned tactical response actions. Considering the size and complexity of the area, BTC Co. will divide the pipeline corridor and surrounding areas into manageable geographic segments. Designation of these segments will be based on common drainage, with each segment typically representing a subdivision of a watershed which represents the area potentially impacted by a release of oil from the pipeline or associated operations. Individual or multiple segments may be grouped into functional response zones, based on logistical issues including accessibility and driving times from resource bases. 1.1.2.9 GIS / GPS Support Services BTC Co. has developed and will maintain a Geographic Information System (the BTC GIS), engineering and environmental database and capability. The BTC GIS capability will be incorporated into the BTC Spill Response capability in two capacities: Data Retrieval - The BTC GIS will contain a large environmental database that can be queried during an emergency response. Spill Response Management - The BTC GIS can also be utilized to provide spill response management support in the form of production of maps for response crews and response data management, including tracking of spill movement, response activities, and personnel, and in the production of illustrations and presentations for command staff and public relations. Combined with Global Positioning Systems (GPS), the BTC GIS capability will also offer an excellent method for tracking personnel and equipment.

1.1.2.10 Tactical Action Planning Tactical action strategies, including initial containment and control procedures and locations for Tier 1 and 2 events, will be developed on a geographic basis with resources located strategically along the entire pipeline corridor and potentially threatened downstream areas. Environmental sensitivity and risk factors were identified in the ERAs and have been calculated for every kilometre of the pipeline. The results of these studies will be integrated into the identification of high-risk areas / features and protection / cleanup priorities and used in the selection of appropriate response procedures, resources and resource staging areas. Planning will include identification of multiple lines of protection for each response segment or zone. Tactical action strategies will also consider the impact of seasonal factors.

Oil Spill Response Strategy

BTC Project

Public safety and environmental hazards associated with oil spills can be minimized through pre-planned control actions. BTC Co. will conduct two levels of response action planning. Initial pre-planned containment and control actions will be described in a series of Containment Manuals. These manuals will contain information and maps including pre-designated rendezvous points, control point locations, equipment requirements, access information, estimated travel times and environmental sensitivity data. The Containment Manuals will be available as hard copy documents and in electronic format. Recognizing that tactical situations that are not currently covered by the Containment Manuals may occur, BTC Co. will also prepare a set of response planning guides to facilitate identification and selection of response options for unanticipated situations. These response guides will address specific characteristics of the oil shipped on the BTC Pipeline, an extensive range of potential environmental conditions, and environmental/social sensitivities associated with both the BTC Pipeline corridor and downstream areas, and potential environmental effects associated with each response procedure. The response guides will also provide guidance for selection of appropriate cleanup actions. 1.1.2.11 Response Resources BTC Co. will contract and / or acquire and maintain oil spill response equipment and resources appropriate for the spill planning standards previously described. Equipment and resources will be selected from Best Available Technology for the oil type and environmental conditions encountered in areas potentially impacted. Equipment, resources and personnel will be stockpiled at locations along the pipeline as necessary to meet Response Time Planning Standards as previously described. The terrain and other environmental factors in the area of the pipeline will require that strategies for containing a spill take advantage of natural barriers and man- made structures constructed at the time of a spill. As such, construction equipment will form a large part of the response resources for the pipeline. Water bodies that may be affected by a spill will still rely on traditional oil spill response and containment equipment such as containment booms or barriers. BTC Co. will establish a program of inspection, testing and maintenance for its oil spill response resources to ensure that all such resources are operational. This program will be applied to all oil spill response equipment oil spill response equipment and all equipment owned and operated by BTC Co. and resources provided by its oil spill response contractors. BTC Co. will also explore establishing Mutual Aid Agreements for sharing of spill response resources and perhaps training with other BP operations including WREP, NREP, and SCP. Resource sharing allows each participant access to a greater resource pool. It can also allow for a more efficient and cost-effective response, and in many cases, response actions are similar for adjacent pipeline operations. Under any Mutual Aid concept adopted, BTC Co. would maintain a complete initial tactical response capability (on scene management and resources) and gain access to additional resources from adjacent operators.

Oil Spill Response Strategy

BTC Project

1.1.2.12 Strategic and Tactical Initiatives BTC Co. will adopt a proactive approach to Oil Spill Response Planning with Host Governments and other operators. Many issues that arise during the response to a significant oil spill can be anticipated and planned for. BTC Co. will work with appropriate agencies and other operators toward development of formal and/or informal agreements and understandings regarding spill response issues including: Transboundary events - Situations exist in which spills originating in one country may migrate into adjacent countries. Expedited notification procedures will be included in each OSRP. In addition, expediency may dictate sharing of resources across boundaries. Planning discussions will be held to identify appropriate procedures for responding to transboundary events. Decanting - The process of recovering oil from water will generate significant quantities of water. Temporary storage of recovered oil / water mixtures presents one of the major challenges to an effective spill response. BTC Co. will work with appropriate government agencies to identify conditions under which decanting of recovered mixtures will be acceptable. Cleanup levels - Criteria for determining acceptable levels of cleanup should be developed prior to emergency need. BTC Co. will work with government agencies to develop pre-spill criteria and /or target cleanup levels for releases of its oil into areas of varying environmental / social sensitivity. Importation of equipment - In the unlikely event of a Tier 3 (Crisis) oil spill, it will be necessary to import additional response resources. These resources must be delivered to the spill scene as expeditiously as possible. Predetermining clearances and customs procedures and identifying ports of entry and holding/staging areas can expedite import of emergency resources. BTC Co. will work with Host Governments in pre-planning to establish expedited procedures for importation of spill response resources. Disposal options - BTC Co. will assign highest priority to recycling of recovered materials. Typical forms of recycling of recovered oil spill materials include direct recovery, use as power plant fuel and use as road base. BTC Co. will work with regulatory agencies in development pre-spill development of acceptability criteria for various forms of recycling. In the event recovered materials cannot be recycled, BTC Co. will seek to treat contaminated soil and plant matter using natural processes such as bio remediation. Any wastes unable to be recycled or bio remediated will be disposed of in accordance with the Host Government Agreement and BTC Co. environmental standards.

1.1.2.13 Wildlife Care BTC Co. will include identification of procedures and resources for capture, treatment and care of wildlife exposed to oiling. In addition, BTC Co. will work with Host Country Environmental Representatives and other operators in the identification of concerns, acceptable procedures, and possibility of sharing wildlife care resources. 1.1.2.14 Training Efficient and effective oil spill response requires trained spill response teams. BTC Co.s response teams will include company personnel, BP IMT members, and experienced spill response support contractors. These teams may include local personnel resident in key areas proximate to critical containment / response points

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BTC Project

along the pipelines and local emergency services personnel. BTC Co. will establish and implement a full oil spill response training program that includes: New employee oil spill awareness training, Employee Health and Safety training, First Aid / CPR training, Employee ICS and OSRP familiarization, Equipment operation training, and Table top and field deployment exercises.

Training programs will be conducted at regular intervals to ensure that responders have current knowledge. BTC Co.s Oil Spill Contractors will be expected to participate in BTC Co. training programs and/or provide equivalent training to their personnel. Training and drills will be scheduled on a regular basis. 1.1.2.15 Containment Manuals The format of the Containment Manuals is still under discussion but the proposed format is similar to that used in the WREP Containment Manuals because: Operatives are familiar with the format; and The format is clear and simple, backed up with GPS co-coordinates.

The Containment Manuals are currently under development, using GIS as the primary tool. In addition, field visits are currently being conducted in order to identify possible: Rendezvous points, Deployment locations, Equipment locations, Travel times, and Vehicle access.

1.1.2.16 Oil Spill Response Contract BPs Azerbaijan business unit is currently cons idering various contracting strategies for provision of oil spill response capabilities in Azerbaijan and Georgia. These strategies take account of the expansion of the business units activities and specifically the construction of the ACG Phase 1, 2 and 3 offshore platforms and the BTC Pipeline. Specific clauses are being developed to ensure any new OSR contract is developed in accordance with the requirements as set out in the Host Government Agreements, ESIAs and Ministry of Environment comments to the ESIA1 . The Oil Spill Response Contract for the Azerbaijan and Georgian sections of BTC will specify requirements for the following: Locating equipment and staff to ensure rapid deployment in remote areas; Ensuring vehicles (All Terrain Vehicles) available to respond off road - in adverse weather conditions snow and rain;
The latter requirement is applicable to Georgia only

Oil Spill Response Strategy

BTC Project

Organizing back up support from helicopter (taking account of the significant safety and logistical issues); Working with operations team to develop a common approach to containerization/ storage of equipment to enable rapid response; Maintaining correct balance between vehicles, river deployment, land response equipment and labour; and Focusing on employment and training of local staff.

Discussions are ongoing with Botas to ensure alignment between Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey particularly with respect to equipment compatibility. 1.1.2.17 Location of Oil Spill Response Equipment BTC Co. and Botas have employed international consultants who will assist the OSR team in determining appropriate pla nning standards. The planning standards will establish the necessary linkages between logistical issues (response times) and the ERA (spill volumes and environmental sensitivity). Having determined the planning standards the locations and capacities of oil spill response equipment will be determined. 1.2 PROGRAMME

A preliminary schedule for establishment of oil spill response capabilities for the BTC Project was set out in the Framework OSRP. Ongoing liaison between BTC Co., the lender group, and regulatory authorities and between BTC Co. and Botas has resulted in some changes to the programme. A summary of the planned delivery dates is outlined in Table 2. Table 2 Programme of Key Activities for Oil Spill Response Planning Element Draft Oil Spill Response Plans Azerbaijan Section of Pipeline Georgian section of Pipeline Ceyhan Terminal OSRP Turkish Section of Pipeline Containment Manuals Procure Equipment Training Government Approval Full Oil Spill Response Capability in Place Revised Date

August 2003 August 2003 August 2003 December 2003 4 Q 2003 4 Q 2003 Commences 2 Q 2004 3 Q 2004 Prior to Linefill

Oil Spill Response Strategy

BTC Project

BTC PIPELINE COMPANY OIL SPILL RESPONSE PLAN EXAMPLE TABLE OF CONTENTS (GEORGIAN SECTION)

Approval List Safety Guidance Table of Contents Distribution List List of Revisions Glossary SECTION 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 SECTION 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.10.1 2.10.2 2.10.3 SECTION 3.0 ZONES 3.1 3.2 3.3 SECTION 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 PURPOSE AND SCOPE Purpose Scope Relation to Other Plans Organization and Use of the OSRP Limitations BTC PIPELINE SYSTEM Overview Sangachal Terminal Pipeline System Features Pump Stations in Georgia Pipeline Valves - Georgia Pigging Stations Leak Detection Ceyhan Marine Terminal Control and Communications System Operational Activities Pipeline Inspection Pipeline Security Truck Transport of Fuel and Waste

i ii iii iv v vi

ENVIRONMENTAL OVERVIEW AND OIL SPILL RESPONSE Environmental Overview Key Receptors Oil Spill Response Zones OPERATIONS SAFETY General Safety Considerations Oil Properties Fire and Explosion Hazard Effects of Contact With Oil Shared Right of Way (ROW)

Oil Spill Response Strategy

BTC Project

4.6 4.7 4.8 SECTION 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 SECTION 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3.3 6.3.4 6.3.5 6.3.6 6.4 6.5 6.5.1 6.5.2 SECTION 7.0 7.1 7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.1.4 7.1.5 7.1.6 7.1.7 7.2 7.2.1 7.2.2 7.3 7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.4 7.4.1 7.4.2 7.4.3 7.4.4 7.4.5

Security Worker Health and Safety Public Information and Safety Alerts NOTIFICATION AND CALLOUT Discovery Confirmation Confirmed Spill Unconfirmed Spill Scale of Response Notification and Call Out Procedures Statutory Notification of Authorities SPILL RESPONSE ORGANIZATION Introduction Site Response Team Roles and Responsibilities On Scene Commander Site Safety Officer Security Officer Source Control (Pipeline Repair Manager) Oil Spill Response Coordinator Site Manager Containment Sites Transition to Incident Management Team IMT IMT Organization Tbilisi Support Units RESPONSE ACTION PLANS Safety Considerations Safety Checklist Initial Safety Assessment Off-Site Safety Characterization On-Site Safety Characterization Site Safety Plan Safety Bulletins Safety Briefings, Announcements Site Assessment Estimation of Spill Volume Spill Movement Assessment and Predictions Response Strategy Prioritization Safety Issues Identification of Sensitive Areas and Issues Setting Response Priorities Response Options Pre-Planned Containment Actions Containment Options Selection of Cleanup Actions Natural Recovery Equipment Selection and Operation

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7.5 7.5.1 7.5.2 7.5.3 7.5.4 7.5.5 7.5.6 7.5.7 7.6 7.7 7.7.1 7.7.2 7.7.3 7.7.4 7.7.5 7.7.6 7.7.7 7.7.8 7.7.9 7.7.10 7.7.11 7.7.12 7.7.13 7.7.14 7.8 7.8.1 7.8.2 7.8.3 7.8.4 7.8.5 7.9 7.9.1 7.9.2 7.10 SECTION 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.7.1 8.8 SECTION 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.2.1

Communications Introduction Emergency Communications Network Responsibility Tactical Communications Network Cellular / Satellite Telephone Network Fiber Optic Link Land Telephones Logistics Support Channels Logistics Organization and Responsibility Central Supply and Distribution Regional Supply/Maintenance Centres Staging Areas Ground Transport Aircraft Vessels Fueling/Field Maintenance Personnel Support Security Communications Medical Tier 3 Resources (Importation / Customs / Distribution) Waste Management Support Public Relations/Claims Introduction Authorized Spokespersons Media And Public Relations Support General Public Relations Guidelines Community Relations/Business Response Plan Documentation Documentation Overview Incident Report Review and Refine WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT Introduction Wildlife Care Organization Wildlife Care Plan Permits Volunteers Hazing Collection of Oiled Wildlife Disposition of Dead Animals Resources WASTE HANDLING AND DISPOSAL Introduction Waste Minimization and Segregation Solids

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9.2.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.7.1 9.7.2 9.8 9.9

Liquid Wastes Temporary Transfer / Storage Temporary Storage Containers Decanting Waste Transportation Disposal Options Liquids Solids Waste Management Plan Documentation

SECTION 10.0 POST SPILL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Post Spill Environmental Monitoring Rationale 10.3 Environmental Monitoring Programme 10.4 Monitoring objectives, hypotheses and endpoints 10.5 Problems 10.6 Scoping a programme SECTION 11.0 RESPONSE RESOURCES 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Tier 1 Resources 11.3 Tier 2 Resources 11.4 Tier 3 Resources 11.5 Other Spill Response Services 11.6 Other Support Services SECTION 12.0 TRAINING AND DRILLS 12.1 Overview 12.2 Emergency Response Training 12.2.1 Oil Pollution Prevention Training 12.2.2 Local Emergency Services Training 12.2.3 Contractor Training 12.2.4 Skilled Support Personnel and Specialist Employees 12.2.5 Training Certification and Documentation 12.3 Drills / Exercises 12.3.1 General 12.3.2 Site Response Team Table Top Drills 12.3.3 Equipment Deployment Exercises 12.3.4 Drill Records

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APPENDIX 1 APPENDIX 2 APPENDIX 3 APPENDIX 4 APPENDIX 5 APPENDIX 6 APPENDIX 7 APPENDIX 8 APPENDIX 9 APPENDIX 10

Roles and Responsibilities Site Team Roles and Responsibilities Georgia Support Unit Response Zone Data and Maps Oil Spill Response Procedures Oil Spill Training Programme Blank Forms Partially Completed Forms Current Contact List Current SRT and Tbilisi Support Unit Organigrammes Equipment Lists