ASIAN HEROES

AUNG SAN SUU KYI: BURMA

To Bring Burma Democracy, Aung San Suu Kyi Has Lost Both Family And Her Own Freedom. Andrew Marshall Delves Into The Psyche Of A Lady Trapped In A Not-So-Gilded Cage. A Few Years Ago, The New Light Of Myanmar, Burma's Orwellian State Newspaper, Did Something Extraordinary: It Published A Piece Of Actual News. The Country's Factories, It Proudly Reported, Now Produced So Much Barbed Wire That They Had Begun Exporting It. This Was A Revelation Indeed. For In The Gulag That Is Modern BurmaA Nation Once Described As "A Prison With 47 Million Inmates"Bushels Of The Stuff Have Already Been Unfurled To Separate One Woman, Aung San Suu Kyi, From The Millions Of People Who Support Her. On A Sweltering Rangoon Afternoon In 1996, I Stood By The Barricades Surrounding Suu Kyi's Home On University Avenue And Watched A Heart-Stopping Event Unfold. Nearby, In Full View Of Armed Troops And Government Spies, Her Supporters Were Gathering. First Only A Handful, Then A Few Dozen, Finally A 50-Strong Crowd, All Hoping To Cross The Barricades. Suddenly, Three Army Trucks Roared Up, More Soldiers Jumped Out, And The Entire Crowd Was Prodded Into The Vehicles At Bayonet Point And Driven Off. It Was A Dramatic Illustration Of The Almost Suicidal Loyalty Suu Kyi Commands Among Ordinary Burmese. She Has Earned ItAnd Not Just Because She Is The Daughter Of Aung San, The Independence Hero Who Helped Free Burma From The British In 1948, And Who Founded The Army That, Ironically, Now Imprisons His Daughter. To Fight What She Terms "The Second Struggle For Independence," She Has Sacrificed Much, Above All Her Own Freedom. She Can Easily End Her Ordeal By Simply Leaving The Country. But She Refuses To Give The Generals That Satisfaction Or Abandon Her Fellow Burmese In Their Fight Against Oppression. Such Was The Life-Transforming Choice Suu Kyi Made In 1988, When She Returned To Burma To Nurse Her Ailing Mother And Was Swept Up In Burma's Great Pro-Democracy Uprising. "I Could Not As My Father's Daughter Remain Indifferent To All That Was Going On," She Told A Crowd Of Over Half A Million Burmese At Rangoon's Revered Shwedagon Pagoda, The First Of A Thousand Speeches She Would Deliver Across The Country.

All

A-Mei

wants to do is sing, sweetheart, use that

smoke 'n' sugar voice of hers to deliver a tune. The Taiwanese pop star doesn't much care about lyrics, just the mood-ring colors her music conjures up. Today, sitting in a candle-filled studio in Taipei where she's recording her next album, A-Mei is straining for a color, and she has the precise shade in mind. The background music is low funk, and A-Mei hums her way up the spectrum, eyes closed, past turquoise, sapphire and lapis lazuli. No words, just a husky voice scatting along until it settles into the perfect notea sultry, soulful shade you would see at midnight. But music is not just an abstraction in A-Mei's world: it's one of the great Uniters of China and the little renegade island it half despises and very much wants to absorbA-Mei's native Taiwan. When a Taiwanese singer involves into a pop star, his or her main audience is across the strait in megalopolises and villages throughout the vast mainland. Fame and popularity have proved that to A-Mei. What the 29-year-old singer has also learned is that what unites can divide, that her songs can acquire shades of meaning she never intends, that a mere song can hurt, alienate, maybe cause a war when, as W.H. Auden wrote, each ear/ Is listening to its hearing, so none hear." "I just want to sing," says A-Mei. "But everyone keeps connecting my music to the future of Taiwan and China." And that's how it's going to be: music joins the sundered parts of Greater China. Someonein this case A-Mei has to sing the songs.

GAO YAOJIE

In 1996, the retired doctor examined a patient complaining of what he called "the strange disease." Then came another with "no-name fever." And another with "weird sickness." Alarmed, GAO notified provincial medical officials that thousands of peasants who had sold plasma to illegal blood banks during the mid-1990s were all being struck by the same deadly affliction: AIDS. Dirty needles and recycled blood, she discovered, had led to HIV infection rates of more than 50% in some Henan villages. In the village of Wenlou, for instance, three generations of one family died within a two-month period. GAO estimates that up to 100,000 people in Henan might be infected with HIV. Instead of being lauded for her handy detective work, GAO herself was put under investigation. Local cadres told her to keep quiet, lest she bring bad p.r. to the province. GAOs phone was tapped and her mail seized. "They thought they could scare me into not saying anything," says Gao."But what can they do to an old woman like her.

Undeterred, the diminutive doctor donned her frayed Mao jacket and, defying official orders, printed up hundreds of thousands of flyers and pamphlets to educate rural residents about AIDS. GAO has also spent thousands of dollars of her own pension to buy medicine for the sick of Henan. For her energetic endeavors, she was awarded the Jonathan Mann Award, a $20,000 prize from the Global Health Council. But the government, afraid that she would expose China's dirty secret, barred GAO from traveling to the U.S. to accept the honor. Instead, U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan attended the ceremony in her place.

JACKIE CHAN Early this year, appearing on Taiwanese TV to plug his new music CD, Asia's all-time favorite movie star looked worn and emotionally frail. Just 47, he seemed as old as a Shaolin Sifu. "I am really very tired," he said, tears clouding his eyes. "When it comes down to it, I'm just a normal man. Going down the path that I am on is very, very hard." For almost as long as Jackie Chan has been Asian action cinema's premier exemplar and export, people have been wondering how long he can keep punishing himself. Police Story: hands bleeding, he slides down a three-story pole of electric lights. Project A: he jumps from the top of a 15-m tower, his fall broken only by cloth awnings. Drunken Master II: the swallows hot peppers and walks on hot coals while fighting a maniacal bad guy. This was the sacred covenant between the star and his fans: Jackie did his own stunts. These literally death-defying feats were remarkable as much for the damage Chan did to his body as the wit and grace he invested in them. His fans, watching him with awe and fear, peeking through splayed fingers, performed a complex stunt of their own: they teetered between praying this bundle of muscle would call it quits (for his safety), and hoping he wouldn't (for their movie going pleasure).

Gyalwa Karmapa More than two years have passed since a 14-year-old monk from Tibet made his dramatic escape over the Himalayas to India and caught the imagination of the world. He was the 17th Gyalwa Karmapa, one of Tibet's most important religious leaders. To me, a Tibetan born and brought up in exile in India, news of his escape came like a reviving gust of fresh air that blew away the cloud of confusion and inertia that seemed to have descended upon our decades-old freedom struggle. With that one act of desperation and courage, the Karmapa exposed practice the Chinese lie that their Tibetans were happy and religion. prospering under their rule and that they were free to

Every year, more than a thousand Tibetans continue to risk their lives, defying Chineseimposed restrictions on travel by secretly making the arduous and dangerous Himalayan crossing into Nepal and India. The Karmapa's escape was different. He was communist China's most prized stooge in Tibet, the highest reincarnate lama under Beijing's control to have the Dalai Lama's official recognition, the head of one of the four sects of Tibetan Buddhismand by tradition, the third most important lama in its religious hierarchy.

For some time, the Chinese had realized that the greatest threat to their rule in Tibet came from the country's deep-rooted Buddhist culture. The enduring faith of Tibetans in their exiled leader, the Dalai Lama, despite a sustained and vitriolic official campaign to discredit him was a continuing source of bafflement and irritation. So, avowedly atheist communist functionaries suddenly found enthusiasm not only in supporting the institution of reincarnate lamas but in actually approving their selection. Their strategy was to control and indoctrinate the future religious leaders of Tibet and to deploy them in their efforts to neutralize any opposition and legitimize China's occupation of the country.

MOKOTO ODA Oda had been practically penniless during his travels: his airline ticket serving also as his meal ticket. He stuffed himself on flights, then skimped and nearly starved during his many stopovers on the ground. In Calcutta, for example, he slept on the street with the untouchables. Coming from cloistered Japanese society, he had never imagined such devastating poverty. He reported how deeply touched he was, wanting at once to escape from this endless row of hopeless humanitymost wearing only loincloths, with those possessing a single, shredding sheet flaunting it as if they were rich, and all fighting sickness and diseases like leprosy and cholera and dysenterywhile he experienced the depths of shame in his heart as an irresponsible traveler passing through. Watching a desperate old woman fighting over a few bites of food with a huge, hungry dog was soul-searing enlightenment for him. .This was during the post-World War II period when Japanese travel was still severely limited and restricted, with those few going abroad opting for the West. But Oda decided that he had been cowardly and lax, like most Japanese, in his identification and fascination with the West, to the neglect of Asia and its problems. The Japanese were Asians, the book reminded us, and all Asians were our equals when it came down to the nitty-gritty of the daily battle for life's existence. This egalitarian notion came as a bracing shock to a nation accustomed to the established pecking order in which Westerners were above Japan and everybody else was beneath us. OMAR FAROOQ To his enemies, he's a traitorous separatist. To his Kashmiri allies, he's an upstart. To his people, he is simply the bearer of hope. But almost everyone makes the same grim prediction about 29-year-old Omar Farooq: one day, his straight talking is going to get him killed. Consider the constituencies that Farooq, Kashmir's top Muslim leader, has a habit of offending. Indian security forces: "Killers and looters with a license." Pakistani militant groups: "Virtual thieves, using the Kashmir conflict to solicit funds, of which almost nothing is passed to the people." Fundamentalist Muslims: "I don't see a balance between Islam and modernization anywhere." Farooq can utter such truths because he is beholden to no one except his God and his people. "You've got to worry about him," says a Western diplomat in New Delhi. "Every time we meet, I'm just a little relieved he's still there. That was 12 years ago, when Kashmir's Muslim insurgency was just five months old. Today, Farooq is a plain-speaking preacher trying to win a war without firing a gun. From the start, he has used the moral authority of his ancient office to display a thoroughly modern pragmatism in the search for a solution. In 1993, Farooq united 23 separatist and militant groups in the Hurriyat Conference, which he has led into negotiations with India, Pakistan and diplomats all over the world. "Some people say we must join with Pakistan, others that we must have independence," he says. "I'm not going to set any target that another side can dismiss outright. I will go for any solution that restores the dignity of the people of Kashmir." Youth, instead of inexperience and immaturity, has given him energy. Crucially it also gave him a flexibility that contrasts well with the tired intransigence and blood-feud intrigues endemic to Kashmir. Diplomats and militants alike have found themselves able to accept his nononsense attitude, backed by his unquestioned credentials as the true voice of Kashmir.

SACHIN TENDULKAR It is a chicken-and-egg thing whether we Indians love cricket because we are good at it or the other way around. The fact is that cricket is now inextricably woven into many different levels of the subcontinent's societal fabric. It's the one passion that cuts across divides of religion, caste and class, as a mega business, as a vessel for pride and patriotism, as a spectacle giving release to our collective blood lust, as a sexual metaphor, as the one grand narrative of the nation, the only one that competes with that other historical epicthe struggle for independence. Embedded at the center of this vast and crazily complex circuit board of emotions is Sachin Tendulkar, who occupies the middle like no other cricketer before him. This has partly to do with the outrageous reservoir of talent he is blessed with, partly to do with his willthe seemingly German-engineered suspension that keeps the engine of that talent from going off the road and partly to do with the era during which he came into world cricket. At the time Tendulkar was born in 1973, cricket on television was not a widespread phenomenon in India. Most cricket fans had to make do with radio commentary, photographs and cruelly short snippets of speeded-up black-and-white newsreels. In the short 16 years it took Tendulkar to reach the international stage all that changed. Cricketers were now intimate presences in millions of households, winning, losing and promoting everything from shaving cream to radial tires. Though earlier stars had taken their share of promotion contracts, Tendulkar was the first one to simultaneously assume the twin thrones of sporting glory and media prominence. It was as though the big advertisers were waiting for himif he hadn't existed they would have invented him. As Tendulkar began to deliver even more than he had promised as a preteen batting prodigy, the Pepsis and the Adidases lined up with unprecedentedly long dollars.

SEOL IK SOO
Self-preservation is the most powerful of instincts. No greater force unthinkingly moves living beings. To deny it is to fight nature itself. To do so in the cause of preserving another person's life demand a super-human willingness to make the ultimate sacrificeto accept consciously that an untimely death is possible, probable, even inevitable. Such was the unspeakable test confronting Seol Ik Soo last week. An Air China Boeing 767 passenger jet had turned the South Korean mountaintop where it smacked down into a wasteland of twisted metal, charred fuselage and shattered trees. Aboard was Seol, a 25-year-old trainee for a tour company helping to bring South Korean tourists home from Beijing. The first indication anything was wrong came just minutes before the plane was due to touch down at Kimhae Airport near the southern port city of Pusan. Sitting in his hospital bed three days after the crash, Seol recalls feeling the aircraft shudder twice, then hearing a crashing sound. The plane seemed to glide up the side of a mountain. The lights died and sparks flashed up and down the cabin. He looked to his right and saw that rows of seats had simply vanished. Passengers were screaming in the darkness. Seol's first thought was: "I'm dead." When he saw a hole with light showing through, he made his way toward it and crawled through. Only then did he realize he had survived.

WANG ZHIZHI
Wang Zhizhi is used to people looking up to him. But that doesn't mean he likes it. China's first export to the hallowed NBA is, after all, a rather shy man. Yes, millions of Chinese fans follow Big Zhi's every move with the play-off-bound Dallas Mavericks, where his on-court prowess burnishes China's dreams of distinguishing itself on the international sporting stage. He was even named China's most popular athlete in a nationwide poll earlier this year. But the 24year-old center is a tad uncomfortable with all the adulation. When he returns to China this summer to play for the national team, he doesn't want any of his teammates asking him about his NBA exploits. "We're all playing for the same team," he says. "There's no reason that one of us should stick out any more than the others." Recruited to the People's Liberation Army's basketball team as a young teenager, Wang has always been the obedient soldier. Even though he quickly grew into one of China's marquee players, Wang earned less money than a middling basketballer in Europe. He lived in a tiny dorm room, adhered to a rigid curfew and ate what his elders told him to: rice, rice and more rice. Most importantly, he quietly watched as his dream to play in America was deferred soon after the 1999 NBA draft when the Army team felt the Americans didn't kowtow low enough for them to release their prized player. Even after he finally headed West last year, the indignations didn't stop. As late as this March, Wang knew that his Chinese team, struggling in its own Chinese Basketball Association (CBA) play-offs, could recall its AWOL soldier at any timemasking the return as a "matter of national security." "He is a grown man and one of China's greatest stars," says one basketball insider who has followed Wang's progress for years. "But he still has no control over his own destiny."

WONG HOW MAN

The swashbuckling vocation of global explorer is not what it used to be: most of the blank spots in the atlas have long been filled in. Which is why Wong How Man, China's most accomplished living explorer, has had to re-engineer the profession. Instead of seeking new frontiers, Wong searches out those precious realms that haven't been overrun by the outside world. And then, for the sake of anyone who may follow in his footsteps, he works to make sure they retain their character. n 1987, Wong founded the China Exploration and Research Society (CERS), a nonprofit organization committed to ensuring that the people, animals and sites Wong and his colleagues encounter on their expeditions won't disappear. The Hong Kong-based group now runs 12 projects in China. One involves a campaign to end the slaughter of chiru, antelope whose fur is used in the production of shahtoosh shawls. Another aims at restoring the crumbling frescoes of a tiny Tibetan nunnery. Not averse to high tech, the group has even used NASA satellites to pinpoint ancient caravansaries buried deep in the sands of the Silk Road. Wongs thirst for adventure is abetted by his determination and his taste for mischief. ("Sometimes it's easier to ask for forgiveness than permission," is his pet phrase for how he navigates China's seas of red tape.) "He's like a ferret," says naturalist William Bleisch. "He has to get his nose into everything." For the sake of the world's fragile treasuresand a new generation of explorerslet's hope he does just that.

XANANA GUSMO
A Portuguese journalist put that question to Gusmo himself shortly before he was captured by the Indonesian military in November 1992. The answer, a celebrated freedom fighter battling a brutal oppressor, seemed plain to most everyone except to the freedom fighter himself. "He is not the myth which some people have helped construct," was his reply. "He is a man confronting many difficulties. A man who fights down a struggle within himself." Gusmo's courage, integrity and charisma make him a natural hero. For giving them liberty, his people worship him. But Gusmo does not shoulder his greatness easily. When he hears the word hero, he mentions many othersNobel laureates Bishop Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo and Jos Ramos-Horta, and the guerrillas he fought alongsidebut never himself. His humility camouflages a self-doubt that gnaws at him. When Gusmo was fighting what seemed an invincible foe, he was haunted by whether he was achieving anything more than the continued misery of his people. "There were many moments of despair," he says. In the end, he and his followers prevailed, but at a cost that he still thinks too high"the loss of my companions, some who died just to save me." Gusmo, in turn, will demand a great deal from his people. He knows he can't offer them the best lifehe would settle for a better one. He hopes that the sacrifices he asks them to maketo forgo better housing, education and jobsmight be their last, just as being President will be his last. Then this most uncommon man can be, as he desires, "just a common citizen." For Xanana Gusmo, that may be the hardest struggle of all.

YUSUF K. HAMIED

Yusuf K. Hamied came down with a grave illness requiring expensive medical treatment, he could afford it. Hamied controls the third largest pharmaceutical company in India and owns acres of invaluable real estate in Bombay. "God has been kind," he says. Hamied is proof you can do well by doing good: the anti-AIDS cocktail he sells sustains lives while helping maintain his own gold-plated standard of living. (To get around Bombay he drives a gold Lexus and periodically flies off to different parts of the world to catch up with conductor Zubin Mehta, a childhood buddy). Hamied, who earned his doctorate in chemistry from the University of Cambridge, considers the AIDS battle part of a broader campaign to maintain India's loose patent regime. India's patent laws are supposed to graduate to World Trade Organization standards in 2003 if the country ratifies the whos intellectual property treaty. Hamied says that could make his people as helpless against profiteering drug companies as the sub-Saharan AIDS patients of the 1990sand India has an estimated 4 million hivpositive cases. Hamied has the fight of his life aheadon his own turf.

SHABANA AZMI
Her passion is incontrovertible. Her ego can easily tend toward excessive. Her talent keeps her famous, and her pulchritude made her that way. But it's not her movie roles that have made her a hero for modern India. She has consistentlyand loudlyrailed against real-world injustice. Early in her career, she took up the cause of slum dwellers in Bombaywhere she liveswho had been ruthlessly evicted by municipal authorities. Since 1993, appalled by the then bloody riots between Muslims and Hindus, Azmi, a Muslim, has become a forceful critic of communalism extremism. Azmi does not just fight for her co-religionists. In fact, her greatest battle has been against fundamentalist Islamic leaders. Post-Sept. 11, Azmi was among the first in the country to publicly criticize militant Islam. When the imam of Jama Masjid, India's largest mosque, said Indian Muslims should join the jihad in Afghanistan, Azmi urged him to goalone. Her outburst encouraged other Muslim moderates to step forward and counsel tolerance. Azmi's activism has angered both Hindu and Muslim radicals as well as a variety of vested interests. But she doesn't care. "I am a daughter, a wife, a mother, a woman, an actress, an Indian and a Muslim," she says. "Each of those identities is important to me." And she doesn't intend to let anyone forget it. and a tireless crusader to end religious

ZHAO ZIYANG
In the wrong place at the wrong time, Zhao Ziyang did the right thing. It was close to midnight on the night of May 19, 1989. China's leaders were finalizing their plans to declare martial law and crush the Tiananmen Square democracy protests that had, in the preceding 48 hours, swelled to include more than a million demonstrators. Zhao, then general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party, might have remained with the commissars inside Beijing's Great Hall of the People as they called in the troops. Instead, stooped with fatigue, tears in his eyes, he waded into the throngs of students and in the gathering darkness pleaded with them to abandon their vigil before it was too late. Zhao called political reform "the biggest test facing socialism." As I grew to know him, I came to understand why. He believed economic progress was inextricably linked to democratization. As early as 1986, Zhao became the first high-ranking Chinese leader to call for chae xuanjuelections offering a choice of candidates from the village level all the way up to membership in the Central Committee. His economic policies were, for their time and place, similarly progressive. He developed "preliminary stage theory," a course for transforming the socialist system that set the stage for much of the prosperity China enjoys. In the 1980s, Zhao was branded by many as a revisionist of Marxism, a heretic. The man I knew was warm and engaging, a person given to using personal anecdotesand occasionally scenes from Chinese filmsto illustrate his points. Sometimes during our committee meetings, Zhao's chief of staff, Bao Tong, would argue sharply with him. Zhao always smiled and listened carefully, never one to close off debate. He valued dialogue, and not just among individuals behind closed doors. He wanted government to be transparent. He wanted a national dialogue that included ordinary citizens in the policymaking process.

Georg von Bekesy

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1961 was awarded to Georg von Bekesy "for his discoveries of the physical mechanism of stimulation within the cochlea".
Marie Curie

- The First Woman Awarded the Chemistry Prize

Of the 159 individuals awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, only four are women. One of these four women was Marie Curie. Because advanced study was not possible for women in her homeland Poland, she studied in France. In 1911, Marie Curie was awarded the Chemistry Prize for her discoveries and studies of the elements radium and polonium.
Jody Williams

The Nobel Peace Prize 1997 was awarded jointly to International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL) and Jody Williams "for their work for the banning and clearing of anti-personnel mines"
Joseph Rotblat

The Nobel Peace Prize 1995 was awarded jointly to Joseph Rotblat and Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs "for their efforts to diminish the part played by nuclear arms in international politics and, in the longer run, to eliminate such arms"

Albert Arnold (Al) Gore Jr.

The Nobel Peace Prize 2007 was awarded jointly to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Albert Arnold (Al) Gore Jr. "for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change"

Robert A. Mundell

The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1999 was awarded to Robert A. Mundell "for his analysis of monetary and fiscal policy under different exchange rate regimes and his analysis of optimum currency areas".
Jacobus H. vant Hoff

In 1901 the very first Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Jacobus H. vant Hoff for his work on rates of reaction, chemical equilibrium, and osmotic pressure. In more recent years, the Chemistry Laureates have increased our understanding of chemical processes and their molecular basis, and have also contributed to many of the technological advancements we enjoy today. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
Kim Dae-Jung

The Nobel Peace Prize 2000 was awarded to Kim DaeJung "for his work for democracy and human rights in South Korea and in East Asia in general, and for peace and reconciliation with North Korea in particular".

Aung San Suu Kyi

The Nobel Peace Prize 1991 was awarded to Aung San Suu Kyi "for her non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights".

Oscar Arias Sanchez

The Nobel Peace Prize 1987 was awarded to Oscar Arias Sanchez "for his work for peace in Central America, efforts which led to the accord signed in Guatemala on August 7 this year".

Amartya Sen

The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1998 was awarded to Amartya Sen "for his contributions to welfare economics".
Gary S. Becker

The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1992 was awarded to Gary S. Becker "for having extended the domain of microeconomic analysis to a wide range of human behavior and interaction, including nonmarket behavior".

Norman E. Borlaug

The Nobel Peace Prize 1970 was awarded to Norman Borlaug.

Ren Cassin

The Nobel Peace Prize 1968 was awarded to Ren Cassin.

Ronald H. Coase

The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1991 was awarded to Ronald H. Coase "for his discovery and clarification of the significance of transaction costs and property rights for the institutional structure and functioning of the economy".

Harry M. Markowitz

Merton H. Mille

William F. Sharpe

The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1990 was awarded jointly to Harry M. Markowitz, Merton H. Miller and William F. Sharpe "for their pioneering work in the theory of financial economics".

Georges Pire

The Nobel Peace Prize 1958 was awarded to Georges Pire.

Lester Bowles Pearson

The Nobel Peace Prize 1957 was awarded to Lester Bowles Pearson.

The Nobel Peace Prize 1953 was awarded to George C. Marshall.

George Catlett Marshall

Lord (John) Boyd Orr of Brechin

The Nobel Peace Prize 1949 was awarded to Lord Boyd Orr.

SUBMITTED BY: GROUP 4

SUBMITTED TO: MR. DOMINIC R. PEREZ

LEADER:

BERNA MAE V. BULAT-AG

MEMBERS: SS