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sisHYD V8i

(SELECTseries 2)

Handbook
DAA039680-1/0002

Printed June 2011

sisHYD Handbook

sisHYD Handbook

Table of contents

Table of contents _________________________________________________ 5

Preface _________________________________________________________ 11

I. Operation
1. General remarks on use
Dialogs __________________________________________________________ 15 Dataset names _________________________________________________ 15 Standard button ________________________________________________ 16 Size modification ________________________________________________ 17 Context menus (right key menus) ___________________________________ 17 Editing tables __________________________________________________ 18 Special dialogs ____________________________________________________ 19 Dialog mask Edit table __________________________________________ 19 Graphic tools _____________________________________________________ 21 Snap function __________________________________________________ 21 Localization/snap distance ________________________________________ 22 sisHYD browser ___________________________________________________ 23

2. The menu File


Switch project __________________________________________________ 26 New project ____________________________________________________ 26 Open project ___________________________________________________ 27 Close project ___________________________________________________ 28 Set > Basic card ______________________________________________ 28 Basic map > Remove all __________________________________________ 28 Basic map > Settings vector maps __________________________________ 28 Import > sisHYD archives _________________________________________ 28 Import > sisHYD Oracle __________________________________________ 28 Import > sisNET ________________________________________________ 29 Import > Combine projects ________________________________________ 29 Import > Customer data from Excel _________________________________ 29 Import > Piping classes from Excel _________________________________ 29

sisHYD Handbook

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Imports > Customer data _________________________________________ 30 Import > Customer invoice dates ___________________________________ 32 Export > sisHYD archives _________________________________________ 33 Export > sisHYD Oracle __________________________________________ 33 Export > Customer ______________________________________________ 33 Export > Pipe class ______________________________________________ 33 Export > WaterCAD _____________________________________________ 34 Export > Gas analysis ____________________________________________ 34 Open folder ____________________________________________________ 34 Edit file _______________________________________________________ 35 Edit file > Open Excel customer list _________________________________ 35 Edit file > Open Excel pipe class list _________________________________ 35 Batch print _____________________________________________________ 35 End __________________________________________________________ 36 Project list _____________________________________________________ 36

3. The menu Edit


Undo _________________________________________________________ 37 Redo _________________________________________________________ 37 Delete history __________________________________________________ 37 History display _________________________________________________ 38 Examine network data ___________________________________________ 39 Examine pipe lengths ____________________________________________ 39 Change customers to consumers ___________________________________ 39 Read-only mode ________________________________________________ 39

4. The menu Components


Project note ____________________________________________________ 42 Network data ___________________________________________________ 43 Zone _________________________________________________________ 45 Alternative _____________________________________________________ 47 Node _________________________________________________________ 48 Pipes _________________________________________________________ 52 Valves ________________________________________________________ 57 Pumps ________________________________________________________ 60 Feeder _______________________________________________________ 63 Consumer _____________________________________________________ 66 Customer _____________________________________________________ 70 Pipe classes ___________________________________________________ 75 Pump types ____________________________________________________ 78 Valve types ____________________________________________________ 82 Consumer groups _______________________________________________ 84 Medium Properties ______________________________________________ 87

sisHYD Handbook

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Drag coefficients ________________________________________________ 88

5. The menu Controls


Pressure maintenance ___________________________________________ 91 Pressure controls _______________________________________________ 92 Difference of pressure controls _____________________________________ 93 Quantity controls ________________________________________________ 94 Temperature controls ____________________________________________ 95 Admixture controls ______________________________________________ 95 Thermal bypasses ______________________________________________ 96

6. The menu Calculation


Steady State Network Calculation __________________________________ 97 Unsteady State Network Calculation ________________________________ 109 Report center __________________________________________________ 111 Report Designer ________________________________________________ 113

7. The menu Drawing


Open/close view ___________________________________________________ 119 sisHYD tasks _____________________________________________________ 120 Tools for network construction ________________________________________ 122 General notes __________________________________________________ 122 Create node ___________________________________________________ 123 Create Pipe ____________________________________________________ 124 Create pump ___________________________________________________ 126 Create valve ___________________________________________________ 127 Create Supply __________________________________________________ 129 Create consumer _______________________________________________ 129 Create customer ________________________________________________ 130 Create Profile path ______________________________________________ 130 Move network __________________________________________________ 131 Transform network ______________________________________________ 132 Object process _________________________________________________ 134 Move nodes ___________________________________________________ 134 Move inflexion point _____________________________________________ 135 Delete inflexion point ____________________________________________ 136 Join pipes _____________________________________________________ 137 Delete object ___________________________________________________ 137 Selections _____________________________________________________ 139 Toolboxes________________________________________________________ 139 Open toolboxes _________________________________________________ 139 Close toolboxes ________________________________________________ 139 Toolboxes > Results _____________________________________________ 140 Toolboxes > Drawing Templates ___________________________________ 141

sisHYD Handbook

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Tool boxes > sisHYD settings ______________________________________ 148 Toolboxes > Search _____________________________________________ 150 Selections________________________________________________________ 150 Profile plot _______________________________________________________ 152 Paths Tab ____________________________________________________ 155 Functions Tab _________________________________________________ 157 Axes Tab ____________________________________________________ 158 Layout Tab ___________________________________________________ 161

8. The menu Settings


Unit groups _______________________________________________________ 165 Dataset abbreviation _____________________________________________ 166

9. The menu Windows


Open/close > Dialog _____________________________________________ 167 Open/close > <view number> ______________________________________ 167 Overlapping ___________________________________________________ 167 Next to each other ______________________________________________ 168 Arrange _______________________________________________________ 168 Scrollbars _____________________________________________________ 168 View tool box __________________________________________________ 168 Dynamic entries 1-9 _____________________________________________ 168 Further windows ________________________________________________ 168

10. sisHYD menu


sisHYD _________________________________________________________ 169 New project. ___________________________________________________ 169 Project administration. ___________________________________________ 169 Recently opened ________________________________________________ 169 All project folders _______________________________________________ 170 Example projects _______________________________________________ 170 Printing preparation _____________________________________________ 170 Oracle ________________________________________________________ 171 Support meeting ________________________________________________ 174 License management. ___________________________________________ 175 sisHYD License Manager _________________________________________ 176

11. The menu Help


Contents ______________________________________________________ 177 Search _______________________________________________________ 178 ReadMe ______________________________________________________ 178 Index _________________________________________________________ 179 Help tooltip ____________________________________________________ 179 About sisHYD __________________________________________________ 180

sisHYD Handbook

Table of contents

12. Assistant/Operational sequences


Convert projects ___________________________________________________ 182 Open a sisHYD project ___________________________________________ 182 Project converter ________________________________________________ 182 Edit project ____________________________________________________ 184 Continuation after program crash ___________________________________ 184 Copy, save, pass on projects ______________________________________ 185 Start new project __________________________________________________ 185 Import sisHYD archives _____________________________________________ 190 sisHYD Oracle import_______________________________________________ 193 Combine projects __________________________________________________ 196 Archive sisHYD data volume _________________________________________ 200 Export sisHYD Oracle ______________________________________________ 202 Set basic map_____________________________________________________ 204 Delete customers __________________________________________________ 207 Import/update customers from Excel ___________________________________ 208 Update pipe lengths ________________________________________________ 211 Adopt designed pipes_______________________________________________ 213 Create profile plot __________________________________________________ 215

13. Fundamentals of hydraulic calculation


Pressure loss calculation ____________________________________________ 219 Piping ________________________________________________________ 219 Pumps ________________________________________________________ 220 Valves ________________________________________________________ 221 Calculation of drag coefficients of bends _____________________________ 221 Thermal calculation ________________________________________________ 225 Thermal models for the equipment components _______________________ 225 Static thermal calculation _________________________________________ 229 Unsteady state thermal network calculation ___________________________ 230 Procedure of an unsteady state hydraulic network calculation _____________ 230 Pressure charts ___________________________________________________ 231 Comparison of gas network calculations with positive pressure/absolute pressure 233

II. Appendix
14. Import/export interfaces
sisHYD import of HR data ___________________________________________ 237 Specification of the import text interface ______________________________ 237

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Import of data from Microsoft Excel ____________________________________ 250 Structure of a spreadsheet ________________________________________ 251 Template working folder __________________________________________ 251 Pipe classes ___________________________________________________ 252 Customer data _________________________________________________ 253 Import of customer data (text format) ___________________________________ 254 Import of customer billing dates (text format) _____________________________ 256 Output to Excel____________________________________________________ 257 Export into other formats ____________________________________________ 258 Export as gas analysis database ___________________________________ 258 Export as WaterCAD/WaterGEMS database __________________________ 259

15. Working with PrintPrep


Linking with PrintPrep ______________________________________________ 261 PrintPrep Elements ______________________________________________ 261 Basic functions of PrintPrep _______________________________________ 261 Special functions of sisHYD for PrintPrep ____________________________ 262

Glossary ________________________________________________________ 265

Literature________________________________________________________ 267

Index ___________________________________________________________ 269

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sisHYD Handbook

Preface

Indexed trade mark


Trademark Bentley and the B logo are either registered or unregistered trademarks or service marks of Bentley Systems, Incorporated, or one of its direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiaries. Other brands and product names are trademarks of their respective owners. Copyright 2011 Bentley Systems, Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Including software, file formats, and audiovisual displays; may only be used pursuant to applicable software license agreement; contains confidential and proprietary information of Bentley Systems, Incorporated and/or third parties which is protected by copyright and trade secret law and may not be provided or otherwise made available without proper authorization. 685 Stockton Drive Exton, PA USA 19341. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Includes Adobe(R) PDF Library technology. Portions Copyright (c) Adobe Systems, Inc. Portions Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation Includes Sparse Matrix Routines by Kenneth S. Kundert and the University of California, Copyright (c) 1985,86,87,88. RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGENDS If this software is acquired for or on behalf of the United States of America, its agencies and/or instrumentalities (U.S. Government), it is provided with restricted rights. This software and accompanying documentation are commercial computer software and commercial computer software documentation, respectively, pursuant to 48 C.F.R. 12.212 and 227.7202, and restricted computer software pursuant to 48 C.F.R. 52.227-19(a), as applicable. Use, modification, reproduction, release, performance, display or disclosure of this software and accompanying documentation by the U.S. Government are subject to restrictions as set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to 48 C.F.R. 12.212, 52.227-19, 227.7202, and 1852.227-86, as applicable. Contractor/Manufacturer is Bentley Systems, Incorporated, 685 Stockton Drive, Exton, PA 19341-0678. Unpublished - rights reserved under the Copyright Laws of the United States and International treaties.

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Preface

On use of the documentation


The following section explains symbols and conventions in the documentation. Paragraph symbols The hand symbol marks paragraphs which give further information on the topic. Mostly backgrounds are explained and possibilities for program administration described.

W The warning symbol marks paragraphs which require full attention. Potential dangers or pitfalls are referred to here.
Links Links to other documents, passages in the text or files and program folders are in blue. The video symbol appears to the left of the text whenever there is an example in video format. Characteristics of the sisHYD modules The sisHYD dialog system differs partially between the individual modules. Dialog elements or properties which are particularly identified for a module or a module combination are marked as follows:
Symbol Meaning Characteristic in the long-distance heating / cooling module Characteristic in the water module

Characteristic in the gas module

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sisHYD Handbook

Part I: Operation

General remarks on use


The following section describes conventions which are generally valid for the user surface of the sis product family. In addition it refers to special procedures in sisHYD.

Dialogs
Dataset names
All sisHYD dialogs which work with the box Dialog mask Edit table assign names for datasets. Regarding the characters they contain, the names are only subject to the restriction that no double inverted comma may be used. spaces are automatically removed W Initial and final with an appropriate message. from dataset names and acknowledged The prefixes for dataset names can be configured; see dialog Dataset abbreviation on page 166.

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General remarks on use


Standard button

<no dataset> This message appears in the field of the dataset name if no datasets are present. The field of the dataset name is also inactive and input is not possible.

As soon as a valid dataset is available or created, the name field can be edited and the set name changed. Creation of new objects - renaming Changing a dataset name always leads to the renaming of the dataset concerned. To create a new data record or copy the current record, select new or copy from the context menu.

Standard button
Practically all dialogs have the following 3 standard buttons. The buttons work in the same way in all dialogs. OK Saves the changes to the current dataset in the database and closes the dialog. If the Read-only mode is switched on the button cannot be activated as it is grey. Cancel Closes the dialog and rejects the changes to the current dataset. Apply Saves the changes to the current dataset in the database; the dialog remains open. If the Read-only mode is switched on the button cannot be activated as it is grey.

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sisHYD Handbook

General remarks on use


Size modification

Size modification
For ease of use, the size of many sisHYD dialogs can be altered. Under Microstation this functionality is not standard and is also not separately marked by the dialog system. sisHYD follows the usual Windows convention which marks the bottom right-hand corner of such dialogs with the following symbol:

The size of boxes with such a symbol can be adjusted horizontally or vertically or in both directions. In many boxes, sisHYD sets maximum size limits. The height of dialogs is limited often by the fact that all numbers of a list are readable in the dialog.

Context menus (right key menus)


A set of dialogs have right button menus, also called context or: Popup menus). Unlike the menus visible underneath the window title bars, this kind is opened at the current mouse cursor position, as soon as you press the reset key on the mouse (usually the right mouse button; for left-handed people usually configured as the left mouse button). Using these right button menus offers the following advantages, like the edit table mask already shown: An overloading of the dialog mask with action keys is prevented and the dialog mask does not block the entire screen The dialog mask remains clear so it is possible to concentrate on the basic input fields. It is very easy to extend with new actions without adjusting the organization of the mask each time sisHYD determines the context menu according to the following rule: If you click with the mouse on a free place on the dialog mask and dont hit a dialog entry, sisHYD establishes the context menu defined for the dialog and displays it. If you click over a dialog entry, sisHYD establishes the context menu for this dialog entry. If no context menu is defined for this entry and the entry is not a list, it becomes the dialog context menu!

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General remarks on use


Editing tables

The next illustration shows the context menus of the pipe dialog:

The red lines assign context menus to different dialog entries. The green line shows the dialog context menu and shows in the dialog a possible release place. Several context menus cannot be opened in the program at the same time! The representation in the illustration shows the possibilities.

Editing tables
With sisHYD release 97.2 tables can be edited directly. Click the desired cell in the table and edit the entry directly. In tables, texts can be entered directly or entries selected by the option menu. See in this chapter the note on the point Dataset names on page 15. The dialog mask shows a table with a text field and an option menu. Both input fields are edited directly in the list.

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General remarks on use


Special dialogs

Special dialogs
Dialog mask Edit table
The dialog Edit table works with almost all sisHYD dialogs.

The dialog serves as a kind of control centre for the administration of data volumes. It displays the names of available sets in a table. The functionality for browsing, creating, deleting and searching for data sets is carried out with this dialog. New Creates a new dataset. Copy Copies the selected dataset. Delete Deletes the selected dataset. the data records implies to the set. W Browsing it is no longer necessary tothe automatic saving of changesseparately Therefore click the button Apply in a dialog before browsing forward to the next data record. Option menu The option menu displays the dialog titles of all co-operating dialogs and serves for switching to the data record list.

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General remarks on use


Dialog mask Edit table

List The list indicates the dataset names of all datasets in the dialog title in the option menu. All actions in the box refer to the marked set and/or its settings dialog. The following keys are not shown in the dialog mask as standard, in order to save place. They are attainable by the right mouse key menu.

New Requests a new dataset for the active dialog. Copy Copies the viewed dataset in the active dialog under a new name. Delete Requests the deletion of the current dataset. When the delete action has been successfully carried out, the next dataset is indicated. Otherwise a warning tone sounds, the dataset remains the in list and is not deleted. OK to all Requests all open dialogs to save the data. If the dialogs were able to save your data, the box is closed, otherwise the box remains open and a corresponding message is shown. Cancel to all Cancels the editing of all dialogs under this mask without saving the modifications to these masks and closes the dialog mask Edit table.

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sisHYD Handbook

General remarks on use


Graphic tools

Further control possibilities exist using the keyboard


Keyboard entry HOME PAGE UP PAGE DOWN Cursor up Cursor down END Effect Selects the first entry in the list Moves up through the list by one page Moves down one page through the list Selects the previous dataset Selects the next dataset Selects the last entry in the list

Graphic tools
Snap function
Working with graphics often requires the selection of an object. sisHYD typically limits the selection to permissible objects. So when creating pipes, the selected initial node can not be used as an end node, for example. A selected object is highlighted. During the construction of the network the visual support goes so far that the possible construction end leads to the highlighting of the construction by selecting the end node (starting from MS version 7.x).

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General remarks on use


Localization/snap distance

Localization/snap distance
For localization of objects Microstation only selects design objects which lie within a so-called snap distance. This snap distance can be recognized as a circle around the cursor and can be changed by users. See in the Microstation menu under
Work area > pre-setting > operation > search radius

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General remarks on use


Localization/snap distance

sisHYD browser
The sisHYD browser displays calculation logs and other HTML outputs. The browser window represents each file in a separate tab. The name of the HTML document of the current tab is indicated in the status line.

The linking of object names in reports and logs with objects in sisHYD enables quick navigation in the graphic and fast possible to the data records. Hyperlinks In calculation logs the object names are highlighted and lead to the hyperlink back in Microstation. By clicking on the link, the corresponding sisHYD object is opened. Together with the Object tracking this mechanism is an excellent and fast evaluation means. As soon as the cursor touches a hyperlink, the shape of the cursor changes to a hand symbol and the object colour is changed to red. The link can now be opened by clicked. Manipulating links without sisHYD If a HTML document is viewed outside sisHYD, the links to objects do not work. These links are only meaningful within sisHYD in the corresponding project

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General remarks on use


Localization/snap distance

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sisHYD Handbook

The menu File


The menu File contains functions for the most diverse input and output functions for sisHYD.

Task: Switch project from Oracle to file database New project Open project Close project Set sisHYD design basic map Remove all basic cards set Apply special settings for the representation of the basic card Import sisHYD project into the database Import sisHYD project into the database Import network topology exported with sisNET into sisHYD Insert sisHYD project data into the current project Inserts customer data from the current Excel worksheet into the project Inserts pipe classes from the current Excel worksheet into the project Import the customer data from a text file into the sisHYD data inventory Import customer invoice files from a text file into the sisHYD data inventory Save sisHYD database as ZIP archive on a data storage device Save sisHYD database in Oracle data format on data storage device Export customer data to Excel Export pipe class data to Excel

Selection from the menu File: Switch project (page 26) New project (page 26) Open project (page 27) Close project (page 28) Set > Basic card (page 28) Basic map > Remove all (page 28) Basic map > Settings vector maps (page 28) Import > sisHYD archives (page 28) Import > sisHYD Oracle (page 28) Import > sisNET (page 29) Import > Combine projects (page 29) Import > Customer data from Excel (page 29) Import > Piping classes from Excel (page 29) Imports > Customer data (page 30) Import > Customer invoice dates (page 32) Export > sisHYD archives (page 33) Export > sisHYD Oracle (page 33) Export > Customer (page 33) Export > Pipe class (page 33)

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The menu File


Switch project

Task: Export water project to Bentley WaterCAD Exports the project as gas analysis database Open folders in the file system Edit file with Notepad or Excel Opens the Excel file with the customer data from the project Opens the Excel file with the standard pipe class list Call up the Microstation plot dialog to print a design Opens the print batch dialog to print several models on the printer or produce a PDF document Quit sisHYD

Selection from the menu File: Export > WaterCAD (page 34) Export > Gas analysis (page 34) Open folder (page 34) Edit file (page 35) Edit file > Open Excel customer list (page 35) Edit file > Open Excel pipe class list (page 35) The standard pipe class list is supplied with sisHYD and is Plot/Print (page 35) Batch print (page 35) End (page 36)

Switch project
Starts the migration tool to convert Oracle projects into projects which work with a database file. The menu option is present only if the active project uses Oracle for data storage. The procedure is described under Convert projects on page 182.

New project
Starts the sisHYD project assistant to create a new project. See Start new project on page 185.

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The menu File


Open project

Open project
The project management dialog helps you organize and edit sisHYD projects. After starting sisHYD using the menu option sis -Programs-sisHYD-Start or using the sisHYD menu option File-Open project, this dialog box is opened and allows you to start editing one of your projects.

Projects Select the project directory of the project you want to open using the tree view. Open Opens the project you selected in the project list in sisHYD. Alternatively you can double click on the desired project. Cancel Closes the project selection box without starting a project. If a project is already open, this project remains active. Project properties In the project properties input area, title, number and information of the currently selected project can be changed and the database information can be viewed. The input fields title, number and information are at present only for your own information. The adjustments are stored in the project adjustment file (settings.xml) in the project directory.

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The menu File


Close project

Close project
Closes the project being edited and the project design. The settings for the selected design views are also saved. sisHYD does not close down.

Set > Basic card


Select File > Basic map > Set in order to set basic maps for the sisHYD design. Microstation designs (starting from Microstation V8 and Autocad designs) and the various geo-referenced grid maps supported by Microstation are accepted as maps. The sisHYD assistant collects the necessary inputs and implements the necessary actions in order to set the basic maps to the design. See Set basic map on page 204.

Basic map > Remove all


Removes all designs set with the sisHYD basic map assistant. The assistant marks the basic maps with a logical name which begins with sisHYD basic maps. Only maps with this prefix are removed.

Basic map > Settings vector maps


Select File > Basic map > Settings to open the MicroStation reference file dialog. Using the dialog mask, various settings can be changed later, such as colors, line strengths, levels in the representation of the basic maps (see MicroStation documentation on the keyword Reference files).

Import > sisHYD archives


Starts the sisHYD import assistant, which leads you through the import procedure and options. The assistant procedure is described under. Import sisHYD archives on page 190.

Import > sisHYD Oracle


An assistant is started to import previously undertaken Oracle saves. The assistant procedure is described under sisHYD Oracle import on page 193. The menu option is available only in sisHYD projects with Oracle data retention.

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The menu File


Import > sisNET

Import > sisNET


Under this menu option, data files exported from sisNET with the HR-module for the structure of the network topology can be imported. Usually only topological network information and plant data, and not the operation (regulations) of the network, are derivable from GIS systems like sisNET. With little effort for network operation settings, imported networks can be quickly calculated. See Specification of the import text interface on page 237.

Import > Combine projects


Starts the sisHYD assistant to Combine projects, which enables data from any other sisHYD projects to be transferred into the active project. The assistant procedure is described under Combine projects on page 196.

Import > Customer data from Excel


Select File > Import > Customer data from Excel to transfer the customer data from the active Excel worksheet into the sisHYD data volume. The Excel worksheet must correspond to the Import of data from Microsoft Excel on page 250. sisHYD already supplies a template for the input (and administration) of customer data in Microsoft Excel. This template is also suitable for import. Customer data can be updated using the same Excel table. sisHYD also offers an export function into a working folder which can be used for the import.

Import > Piping classes from Excel


Select File > Import > Pipe classes from Excel to transfer the pipe class definitions from the active Excel worksheet into the sisHYD data volume. The Excel worksheet must correspond to the Import of data from Microsoft Excel on page 250. sisHYD supplies a template for the input (and administration) of pipe classes in Microsoft Excel which is suitable for the import.

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The menu File


Imports > Customer data

Imports > Customer data


This menu option enables the import of new customer data in text format. The selection of the customer data starts in the customer directory of the current sisHYD project. The file should have the ending *.dat. direct import of Excel W In the meantime sisHYD supports thein Excel and thecustomer data from an Excel table! Maintaining the customer data import from the open application is much simpler than using the text interface, in our view. The function continues to be available for compatibility reasons. The description of the format of the customer text file is under Import of customer data (text format) on page 254.

the it is possible the data deleted W When enteringor tocustomer data, additionally. to havelatterold customerclashes with automatically load the data In the case, name existing customer data sets can arise.

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The menu File


Imports > Customer data

The number of customer data to be imported and the import progress are indicated in a progress window. After ending the import, the status of the import (customer import completed with/without errors) as well as a summary of the import are shown:

As soon as errors arise with the import, the information center with the error messages is opened:

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The menu File


Import > Customer invoice dates

Import > Customer invoice dates


This menu option enables the import of new customer data in text format. The selection of the invoice data starts in the customer directory of the current sisHYD project. The file should have the ending *.dat. The description of the format of the customer invoice file is under Import of customer billing dates (text format) on page 256.

The number of customer invoice data to be imported and the import progress are indicated in a progress window. After ending the import, the status of the import (customer invoice data import completed with/without errors) as well as a summary of the import are shown:

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The menu File


Export > sisHYD archives

As soon as errors arise with the import, the information center with the error messages is opened:

Export > sisHYD archives


Select File > Export > sisHYD archive to save the sisHYD project in sisHYD format. sisHYD starts the export assistant. See Archive sisHYD data volume on page 200.

Export > sisHYD Oracle


Select File > Export > sisHYD archive to save the sisHYD project in the Oracle exchange format. sisHYD starts the export assistant. See Export sisHYD Oracle on page 202. The menu option is available only in sisHYD projects with Oracle data retention.

Export > Customer


Opens Microsoft Excel and writes all customer data into a worksheet. The worksheet conforms to the format specification set by sisHYD, so that the data can be transfered back to sisHYD after modification. See Customer data on page 253.

Export > Pipe class


Opens Microsoft Excel and writes all pipe classes into a worksheet. The worksheet conforms to the format specification set by sisHYD, so that the data can be transfered back to sisHYD after modification. See Pipe classes on page 252.

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The menu File


Export > WaterCAD

Export > WaterCAD


Exports the current sisHYD water project into a WaterCAD data base file with the file ending mdb. The user is asked for the desired file name for the WaterCAD database file. After input of the file name and confirmation with the OK key the export is started. In the status line the progress of the export is indicated. This function is available only in the water category. See also Export as WaterCAD/ WaterGEMS database (page 259).

Export > Gas analysis


Exports the current sisHYD gas project into a gas analysis database file with the file ending mdb. The user is asked for the desired file name for the database file. After input of the file name and confirmation with the OK key the export is started. In the status line the progress of the export is indicated. This function is available only in the gas category. See also Export as gas analysis database (page 258).

Open folder
Select one of the folders from the submenu to indicate display the folder contents. You can open the following folders through sisHYD:
Menu entry sis software Meaning Program installation folder. For release sisHYD V8i, the standard folder on German PCs is the directory c:\programme\bentley\sisHYD V8i. Is the folder in which sisHYD stores temporary folders and plots created with PrintPrep. The folder is normally a subdirectory of /sis_data/user/. Is the folder in which adjustments to sisHYD on the customer side are made configured. The main configuration folder is in this folder sissite.cfg. Folder in which the copy of the project database is stored. The folder of the sisHYD project currently open. The directory in which sisHYD stores or searched for the project design under basic cards. Normally this is the sub-folder CAD of the project folder. The directory in which sisHYD stores the text and HTML reports. Normally this is the sub-folder REPORT of the project directory. The directory in which sisHYD stores the results and logs of the network calculation. Normally this is the sub-folder INVOICE of the project directory. The directory in which sisHYD stores the customer data. Normally this is the sub-folder CUSTOMER of the project directory. The base folder of the Microstation software.

Work directory

Customer configuration Project session Project CAD project

Project report Project invoice

Project customer Microstation

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The menu File


Edit file

Edit file
Opens the corresponding file with the Notepad editor:
Menu entry Project settings Meaning XML configuration file for each sisHYD project. The registered basic cards and designated details are run in this file. The folder is always in the project folder and is named settings.xml. XML configuration file for sisHYD which is run with the standard installation for each user. The settings for the unit system and the design templates are in this file. The file is language specific and in the standard installation is named sishyd2007-setting-de.xml. Microstation configuration file for business adjustment of the program installation. With a standard installation the file is under c:\sis_data\site\sissite.cfg.

User settings

Business configuration

Edit file > Open Excel customer list


Opens the standard customer file of the sisHYD project. If the working folder does not exist, the menu option is not selectable. Store your customer data for the project in a working folder with the name kunden.xls in the customer folder of the sisHYD project.

Edit file > Open Excel pipe class list


Opens the standard sisHYD pipe class list in Microsoft Excel. The standard pipe class list is supplied with sisHYD and is Plot/Print With this dialog the CAD design currently shown can be plotted. For descriptions of the different settings possible for the plot see Microstation user manual. For compatibility reasons with previous versions, an adapted printer driver is supplied with sisHYD. Use this printer driver, in order to print in the same line strengths, as with the previous version. The driver printer71.plt is in the folder /defaults of your installation.

Batch print
Starts Microstation batch print. The tool makes it possible to print any number of models on the printer or as multi-page PDF document.

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The menu File


End

End
When this menu option is selected, the sisHYD working session is terminated and the program is quit. When leaving sisHYD, the active project is closed. The current view positions and settings are saved.

Project list
The list of the last 10 projects is added dynamically to the File menu. In this way, the currently open project is always at the top of this list. The active project is closed by clicking on another project and the selected project is opened.

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The menu Edit


Under the menu Edit, undo functions and special editing functions are available.

Task: Carries out one undo step Restores the state before the last undo step Deletes the undo/redo history Opens the dialog to view undo/redo history Recalculates the pipe lengths from the inflexion point process Validates the network data and announces potential problem places Creates consumers from all customer data Sets sisHYD into READ-ONLY mode

Selection from the menu Special: Undo (page 37) Redo (page 37) Delete history (page 37) History display (page 38) Examine pipe lengths (page 39) Examine network data (page 39) Change customers to consumers (page 39) Read-only mode (page 39)

Undo
Redoes one undo step. A step can cover a whole series of changes. For example the import of customers from Excel is carried out as one step.

Redo
Redoes one undo step. A step can cover a whole series of changes. For example the import of customers from Excel is carried out as one step.

Delete history
Deletes the undo/redo history. After this action, undo is only available again after changes to the data volume.

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The menu Edit


History display

History display
Displays the undo/redo history and makes it possible to undo and redo steps using the form.

<< All listed retrogressive execute - steps. < Goes back one step. The highest entry is removed from the undo list and an appropriate reverse command is inserted to the redo list. > Redoes a step. The highest entry is removed from the redo list and an appropriate reverse command is inserted to the undo list. >> All listed re-creating executes - steps. Properties Indicates the properties of an object in the redo or undo lists. The properties can be seen, but not modified.

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The menu Edit


Examine network data

Examine network data


Examines the network data in the active project for discrepancies. Incomplete information which was possibly caused by abort of inputs counts here, among other things. A part of the examination deals with the network topology in close proximity to pumps, in order to report parallel pipings which cannot be isolated, for example.

Examine pipe lengths


Starts the sisHYD assistant for examination and automatic correction of pipe lengths. See Update pipe lengths on page 211.

Change customers to consumers


Executes a conversion of all customer data to consumers. This work step is no longer necessary due to the automation of the transformation. After the import of old data volumes, it is however still possible to force the synchronisation manually.

Delete customers
Starts the assistant to delete entire customer data including the consumers generated from it. See Delete customers on page 207.

Read-only mode
In the full version of sisHYD, this switch is available in order to move sisHYD into readonly operation in terms of data input and network calculation. In this way, accidental modifications to the data is prevented. The evaluation possibilities are fully available. In this area system changes are still possible: Change design configuration Save selections from the path selection for reports Run reports Data transfer to Microsoft Excel

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Read-only mode

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The input dialogs for all configuration data of the network are opened using the menu option components.

Task: Create note for project editing Set basic network settings Define logical zones Group zones by calculation alternatives Enter/change node data Enter/change pipe data Enter/change valve Enter/change pumps Enter/change feeder (producer) Create/change consumers Enter/change customers Enter/change piping types Enter/change pump types Enter/change valve types Enter/change consumer groups Enter/change material values Enter/change drag coefficients

Selection from the menu Installation configuration: Project note (page 42) Network data (page 43) Zone (page 45) Alternative (page 47) Node (page 48) Pipes (page 52) Valves (page 57) Pumps (page 60) Feeder (page 63) Consumer (page 66) Customer (page 70) Pipe classes (page 75) Pump types (page 78) Valve types (page 82) Consumer groups (page 84) Medium Properties (page 87) Drag coefficients (page 88)

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Project note

Project note
The project note is a way to document the procedure of the project and editing. The dialog box shows all notes on the project in a list.

New Creates a new note which is edited within the list. Delete Deletes the selected note from the list. Report Provides an overview of all project notes in the sisHYD.

List with notes The list is sorted according to the note date. The most recent note stands at the beginning the list. The list contains the following columns:
Column DATE Meaning Display the date the note was created. The system fills out the field automatically.

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Network data

Column Identification Note

Meaning Shows the abbreviation of the editor who wrote the note. Shows the first 255 characters of the note text. The text is edited by clicking the cell.

It is also possible to edit a note by double clicking.

Network data
In this dialog the base data for the network which is to be calculated are entered. Limit values are specified for each operation. This dialog must be closed before another place on the system can be worked on.

Network data dialog for long-distance heating and gas network calculation

Network Contains the name of the network which is to be calculated. The name itself is of no importance for the network calculation. Max. Operating pressure Contains the maximum permissible operating pressure for the network. If the limit value is exceeded during a network calculation, a warning appears in the log file of the network simulation.

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Network data

Max. Flow and return temperature Contains the maximum flow and return temperature for the network. If these limit values are exceeded during a simulation calculation, an corresponding warning appears in the log file of the network calculation. Number of leaders With the option switch the number of leaders of the network is set. The selection is active only if no nodes or network elements (pipes, pumps, etc.) are yet present in the network. Changing of the number of leaders in an existing network by means of the surface is therefore impossible (by direct interference in the database model, an extension of the network is nevertheless possible). Gas and water networks are always 1 leader networks. For the long-distance heating module, 1 leader, 2 leader and 3 leader networks are available. Medium The position of the option switch specifies the medium for the network. In the longdistance heating module, Hot water and steam are available as mediums. In the other calculation modules this field is not displayed. Reference height Indicates the point of reference for the determination of the air pressure. Atmospheric pressure Atmospheric pressure in normal state. Air pressure Absolute pressure of the ambient air on the level of the reference height for the hydraulic pressure. Pressure indications as Specifies whether the pressure indications in the dialog masks are indicated as manometric pressure (positive pressure) or as absolute pressure. Results of the network calculation take place according to the same pattern.

W When changes are made in this field, all calculation results become invalid and sisHYD rejects the results.
The pressure defaults for regulations and network calculation can be corrected by sisHYD on demand. In case of correction, sisHYD changes the pressure maintenance, pressure defaults and pressure controls by 1.013 bar. Pressure V.gruppe as In the Consumer groups a default for minimum pressure can be set when entering the consumer. This entry pressure can refer either to the pressure height or the manometric pressure. Specify the base factor for this default here.

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Zone

Zone
You administer the definitions of zones using the dialog zone. You can enter new zones, modify and delete zones. Zone Register the name of the zone here. The name may be up to 40 characters long.

Corrections Tab

Length correction factor With the length correction factor the dynamic pressure losses of all pipes will be corrected. The default value of 1.0 means that no corrections are made. In order to make a global addition of 30%, for example, on all dynamic pressure losses, you enter the factor 1.3, corresponding to 130% (see illustration). Diameter-dependent length correction The parameter allows a diameter-dependent adjustment of the dynamic pressure loss as summand to the length correction factor. The pipe length in pressure loss calculation with length correction parameters results as:

l Calculation = l Ist ( f Lk + f daLk d i )


where

(5.1)

l Calculation the pipe length corrected for calculation. l Ist the length of the pipe registered in the dialog mask Pipe. f Lk the length correction factor; if the additional resistance through special fittings is not considered separately, the factor in calculations is usually adjusted to 1.2 to 1.3. The numerical value results from statistic views in long-distance heating networks. f daLk is the diameter-dependent length correction factor. It permits a linear adjustment of the length correction factor as a function of the piping inside diameter. For this reason the factor is unit-bound! d i is the piping inside diameter.

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Zone

Wall roughness correction Additive correction for the wall roughnesses of the pipes. The default value is 0 and effects no additional increase of the wall roughness which enters the pressure loss calculation. Wall roughness factor Correction factor for the wall roughnesses of the pipes for the adjustment of the calculated pressure losses to reality. The default value is to 1.0 and leads to no correction of the wall roughness. The actual wall roughness of a pipe is calculated as

w Calculation = w Add + w Rk f Rf w Calculation is the wall roughness used in calculation. w Add is the additive wall roughness correction. w Rk is the wall roughness entered in the pipe class. f Rf is the wall roughness factor.
Heat transfer correction Additive correction for the heat transition coefficients. The default value is 0 and leads to no correction of heat loss calculation.

(5.2)

Heat transfer factor Correction factor for the heat transfer coefficients by adjustment of the calculated heat losses to reality. The default value is 1.0 and leads to no correction of the heat transition coefficient. The actual heat transition coefficient of a pipe is calculated as

k Calculation = k Add + k Rk f Wd k Calculation is the heat transition coefficient in the calculation. k Add is the additive correction of the heat transition coefficient.

(5.3)

k Rk is the heat transition coefficient from the assigned pipe class. It is calculated as a quotient of heat coefficient (dialog mask Pipe class) and piping extent. f Wd linear correction of the heat transition coefficients.
to the W Note the physical unit here. The correction refers class. actual heat transition coefficient - not the heat coefficient from the pipe See also Piping on page 219.

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Alternative

Alternative
Using the dialog mask Variable, you summarize one or several zones logically. You create, edit and delete your own variable definitions.

Alternative Enter the name for the variable here. The name may be up to 20 characters long and is freely selectable. List of Zones Here you select the desired zones of the alternative from the list of all configured zones by clicking with the mouse. The column zone contains the names of the zones. The column on is crossed if the zone is recorded in the alternative, otherwise the column is empty. By clicking the column you switch between the status (associated = X) and the status (not associated = ). The following alternative and zones are available in the preconfiguration:
Alternative Whole network Main and central distribution Main distribution Central distribution Central and sub distribution Sub distribution Covers zones All Main and central distribution Main distribution Central distribution Central and sub distribution Sub distribution

Remark The field Comment takes a comment from one to 500 characters long to describe the network variable.

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Node

Node
Using the dialog Nodes, nodes are entered for network calculation and existing node data is modified. With symmetrical networks, the inputs for flow, return and KLB leaders can be done at the same time. Node name In this input field the name of the node is entered. sisHYD generates a unique name when producing a new node. This name can be renamed at will, with the restriction that no node of same name may exist. sisHYD checks the input and reacts with a warning for inadmissible inputs. General Tab

x/y coordinate In these input fields the node situation is entered in the x- or y-coordinate system. These are, for example, the Gau-Krger coordinates of the node from a layout plan. sisHYD permits the input of network nodes graphically; see Create node on page 123. Height VL/RL/KLB Contains the geodetic height of the node above Normal-Zero for the individual network positions. VL/RL/KLB These marker fields specify at which network positions the network node exists. The abbreviation VL stands for the network position Flow, the abbreviation RL for Return and the abbreviation KLB for the KLB leader.

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Node

Steam trap Mark this field in order to place a steam trap between flow and return. The field is displayed only for steam networks. Efficiency The efficiency of the steam trap. An efficiency of 0.8 is preset. The field is displayed only for steam networks. Never reduce Give the node higher priority when designing with clash control. The node is always normally designed (except when nodes clash, which all set this attribute).

Connections Tab

The list indicates all elements attached to the node. No new elements can be added using the list. The list is only for information purposes. The input dialog for the attached element is opened by double clicking in a table row. Column 1 - Network position The first column names the network position at which the element is located. Possible values are
Abbreviation Network position VL RL KLB Flow Return in long-distance heating networks Constant leaders in long-distance heating 3-leader networks

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Node

Column 2 - Symbol for the kind of element Possible elements and their symbols
Symbol Kind of element Piping Pump Valve Consumer Feeder

Customers Tab

The list indicates all Customer on page 70 attached to the nodes. It is only for information purposes and shows the current allocation of the customers to this node. By double clicking on a customer name in the list you open the dialog to edit this customer.

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Node

Result Tab

Using this tab you see directly the calculation results for the node. The height of the dialog mask is adaptable to be able to show the results list completely. Calculation Indicates the names of the network calculation to which the results belong. List of the results The following results for the node are computed and indicated subject to the module:
Size Pressure Steam pressure Temperature Diff. pressure Supply time Description Is the absolute/manometric pressure at the node. Steam pressure at given node temperature. Is the temperature calculated at the node. Is the difference of pressure on return. The information is available only for flow and KLB nodes. Is the average supply time from the feeders to the node. The size is indicated only if the supply times are also calculated in Steady State Network Calculation.

Sum of nominal capacity Is the sum of the connected values of the consumers connected with the node. Consumer loads Is the sum of the consumer loads at the node. Unlike the connected loads the effective load at the node for current network calculation is indicated here. Is the sum of the mass flows of the consumers connected to the node.

Consumer volume flow Is the sum of the flow rates of the consumers connected to the node. Consumer mass flow Condensate mass flow Condensate mass flow which flows over the steam trap.

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Pipes

Size Exit dampness Pressure height

Description Exit dampness at the steam node. The hydraulic pressure at the node is related to the reference height in the mask Network data.

Pipes
Serves to specify pipes, on the one hand by definition of the node connections of the pipe in the network, on the other hand by the allocation of the pipe geometric data (pipe class, length, pressure loss coefficient). Similarly to the node input, it is possible to input the networks positions flow, and return to the KLB leader at the same time. Pipe dialog for a 2-leader long-distance heating network with indicated list of inflexion points and opened combination list of the pipe classes in return.

Pipe Give the pipe a name here. The name of the pipe is freely selectable and is independent of the linkage with nodes. During graphic input (see Create Pipe on page 124) sisHYD assigns a pipepipe name automatically which results from the name connected to the initial and end nodes by -. If this name is already assigned (a parallel pipe was laid), sisHYD generates a unique name. Arbitrary renaming of the pipe to another unique name is permissible. sisHYD checks whether the name is already used by another network element and issues a warning if necessary.

General Tab
Start and end nodes The combination lists permit the selection of a initial and end node for the pipe.

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Pipes

selection changes the network Changing a beginning and/or W A change of theno effect on the assigned pipetopology!and the length. end Node has names Zone Assigns the pipe to one of the configured zones. The allocation of zones is optional. It is very helpful to differentiate the pipes according to zones, in particular to calculate dimensions and costs. Calculation can be limited selectively to certain zones. See Zone on page 45. Symmetrical supply and return This marker field controls the behavior of the pipe data on the network positions supply, return during input. If the field is activated, all changes to entries in the supply and in the return are applied and reversed. Supply/Return/KLB leader The marker fields specify whether the pipe at the network position concerned is present or not. If a field is not marked, the input fields of the network position are blocked.

W Changes to the marker fields modify the network topology!


Pipe class The combination field indicates the currently selected pipe class of the pipe (at the appropriate network position) and enables the conversion to one of the available Pipe classes on page 75. Pipe length You enter the pipe length at the corresponding network position into the input field. The pipe lengths at the different network positions do not have to be identical. With graphic input of pipes, the pipe length is calculated automatically. For the additional examination and if necessary correction of the pipe lengths, there is an assistant available - see Update pipe lengths on page 211. Zeta value The numerical value entered here is the sum of the pressure loss coefficients, independent of length, of fittings and detours in the pipe. The value of the number in this field can be entered manually or automatically when fittings are inputted using the Fittings Tab. soon as entries in the list of the special fittings, this field is blocked W As manual input. An are presentof the values would lead to contradictory information. for overwriting The pressure loss coefficients represent one of the possibilities to create additional resistances by special fittings and detours. The application of a global factor for the dynamic pressure losses can be seen as an alternative possibility. See Steady State Network Calculation on page 97. Isolated The marker field enables the isolation of the pipe for network calculation.

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Pipes

The switch has the advantage that no valve must be built into the network, in order to interrupt the network for a calculation here. The Zeta value of the piping and thus the hydraulic calculation of the pipe are not changed by marking this field. Enter the Zeta value corresponding to the existing slidegate valve into the list of the Zeta values (or directly into the Zeta value field) yourself, if necessary. See Fittings Tab on page 55. When this switch is pressed, the pipe is not yet closed. The off is W the calculation specifications Isolation Valves Tab onstate on orfor eachset in page 106 individual network calculation. Price category Assigns a price category within the range of 1 to 6 to the pipe for the determination of the moving costs. The moving costs are calculated from the product of the price category indicated by pipe length and pipe class moving costs. Individual exterior temperature As standard, sisHYD calculates the heat losses of a pipe with the temperature default of network calculation. If the field for the individual exterior temperature is marked, the thermal calculation of the pipe with the exterior temperature registered here takes place. In the reports the exterior temperature for the pipe is listed only if it was individually given. Otherwise a * appears in the report lists to show that the global value for the outside temperature was taken.

Inflexion Points Tab

Shows a list that can be edited, with the pipe inflexion points between initial and end nodes (an empty list, if no inflexion points are present). The inflexion points are sorted in such a way that they indicate the process from initial to end node. Using the right button menu, the sequence of the inflexion points can be manipulated and new inflexion points can be inserted or existing inflexion points deleted.

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Pipes

inflexion point W Manipulations at thenot changed. list cause a changed diagram of the pipe process. The pipe length is For the change of the pipe process diagram tools are available, which can also recalculate the pipe length. Alternatively the assistant Update pipe lengths on page 211 is available for the examination and correction of pipe lengths.

Fittings Tab
Using the tab Fittings additional resistances are allocated to the pipe and the total of the coefficients of drag is calculated.

As soon as Zeta values are entered into this list, it is no longer possible to change the Zeta value manually. sisHYD then computes the Zeta value using the special fittings registered here. In order to register Zeta values again manually, this list must contain no rows here. Open dialog Coefficients of drag The dialog mask coefficients of drag is opened by clicking on the symbol. Remove special fitting Deletes the selected entry from the list of the special fittings.

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Pipes

Result Tab

Using the tab you see directly the calculation results for the pipe. The height of the dialog mask is adaptable to be able to show the results list completely. Calculation Indicates the names of the network calculation to which the results belong. List of the results The following results for the pipe are computed and indicated subject to the module:
Size Pressure loss Mass flow Speed Description The sum of all pressure losses in the pipe. Is the computed pipe flow. Flow rate.

Spec. pressure loss Specific pressure loss = dynamic pressure loss related to the pipe length. Exit dampness Dyn. pressure loss Heat loss Transportation Dampness in the piping exit (only for steam networks). Is the pressure loss due to friction in pipes. Is the entire energy dissipation delivered over the piping surface. sisHYD estimates the transported thermal output of the flow leader (and KLB leader) according to the following formula for long-distance heating systems:

Q = m VL c p,Average,fl ( T VL,Out T RL,Out )


The numerical value thus calculated is also meaningful during asymmetrical mass flow distribution in flow and return, as long as the return temperature level is similar in the entire network. Resistance number

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Valves

Size

Description

Zeta value of bends Is the sum of the Zeta values at entry and exit due to flow allocation. The numerical value is proven only if the calculation of the pressure losses at branches is activated in the defaults for Steady State Network Calculation. Design fundamentals are described inCalculation of drag coefficients of bends on page 221. Suggested Pipe class Pipe class Is the pipe class determined in case of a design calculation. Otherwise no pipe class is proven. Is the pipe class currently in use. The entry is not a result in the true sense; however, after running a design calculation is is available for comparision with the suggested pipe class without having to switch to the General tab. The average flow rate Is the specific heat loss of the pipe over the piping surface. Is the pressure at the flow entry. Is the pressure at the flow exit. Is the temperature of the medium at the flow entry. Is the temperature of the medium at the flow exit. Flow rate in the entry cross section of the pipe. Flow rate in the exit cross-section of the pipe. The description of the errors if any occur.

Speed Spec. Heat loss Entry pressure Exit pressure Entry temperature Exit temperature Flow rate in Flow rate out Error

Pressure differential Average pressure difference between flow and return.

Valves
Serves to specify the the valves in the network by assigning the node connection and the information of a type of valve. The Valve types contain the characteristic parameters to describe the valves. Valves in sisHYD typically have a control function. For a purely separation function it is simpler to provide a pipe with the attribute Isolated.

General Tab
Valve Enter the name of the valve here.

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Valves

sisHYD generates a unique name for the valve, for which may be changed. The name must be unique within the network elements, otherwise sisHYD rejects the change and issues an appropriate warning. Initial and end nodes Combination fields, with which the linkage of the valve within the network between initial and end nodes is specified. Zone Assigns the valve to one of the configured zones. The allocation is insignificant for actual hydraulic calculation. It is useful in the case of the formation of network variables for cost calculations. Type of valve Assigns a Valve types to the valve. The allocation is optional. The pre-defined type <without valve type> enables the calculation without specifying the component specification. A control as to whether the construction unit is used in accordance with specification is void in this case. The type of valve describes the hydraulic behavior of the valve. It also contains information about the valve price, as well as production information, irrelevant to the simulation. Price category Assigns a price category to the valve. The costs for the valve are determined by the price value in the valve type data of the same price category.

Regulation Tab
All control functions assigned to the pump are indicated on the tab. The associated regulation dialog is opened by double clicking on a row.

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Valves

Result Tab
You can access the calculation results for the valve using the tab. The height of the dialog mask is adaptable to be able to show the results list completely.

Calculation Indicates the names of the network calculation to which the results belong. List of the results The following results for the valve are computed and indicated subject to the module:
Size Mass flow Flow rate in Flow rate out Temperature in Temperature out Pressure in Pressure out Position Pressure loss Error Description Is the calculated valve flow. Flow rate in the entry cross section of the valve. Flow rate in the exit cross-section of the valve. Is the temperature of the medium in the entry flow of the valve. Is the temperature of the medium in the exit flow of the valve. Is the entry pressure in the entry flow of the valve. Is the exit pressure in the exit flow of the valve. Is the calculated position of the valve if a type of valve was indicated. Is the pressure loss caused by the valve. The description of the errors if any occur.

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Pumps

Pumps
Serves to specify centrifugal pumps in the network by allocation of the node connection and the indication of a pump type. The Pump types describes the thermal hydraulic behavior of the pump.

Pump Enter the name of the pump here. sisHYD generates unique name for the pump. Renaming is permissible and is checked by sisHYD in such a way that no name can be entered which was already assigned for another network element.

General Tab
Initial and end nodes Combination fields, with which the linkage of the pump within the network between initial and end nodes is specified. The direction of flow in a pump is fixed, unlike a pipe; i.e. the pump is always flowed through from beginning to the end mode.

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Pumps

Zone Assigns the pump to one of the configured zones. The allocation is insignificant for actual hydraulic calculation. It is useful in the case of the formation of network variables for cost calculations. Pump type Assigns a Pump types to the pumps. The pump type determines the thermal hydraulic behavior of the net element. Additionally, the 6 price categories for the apparatus are indicated there. Assigns a Pump types to the pump. The allocation is optional. The pre-defined type <without pump type> enables the calculation without specifying the component specification. A control as to whether the construction unit is used in accordance with specification is void in this case. The type of valve describes the hydraulic behavior of the valve. It also contains information about the valve price, as well as production information, irrelevant to the simulation. Price category Assigns a price category (1-6) to the pump. Electricity tariff Determines the costs for the pump flow.

Regulation Tab
All control functions assigned to the pump are indicated on the tab. The associated regulation dialog is opened by double clicking on a row.

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Pumps

Result Tab
You can access the calculation results for the pump using the tab. The height of the dialog mask is adaptable to be able to show the results list completely.

Calculation Indicates the names of the network calculation to which the results belong. List of the results The following results for the pump are computed and indicated subject to the module:
Size Mass flow Flow rate in Flow rate out Temperature in Temperature out Pressure in Pressure out Delivery height Number of revolutions Efficiency Performance NSPH Error Description Is the calculated pump throughflow. Flow rate in the entry flow of the pump. Flow rate in the exit flow of the pump. Is the temperature of the medium in the entry flow of the pump. Is the temperature of the medium in the exit flow of the pump. Is the entry pressure at the entry flow of the pump. Is the exit pressure at the exit flow of the pump. Is the calculated delivery height for the pump. Is the number of revolutions calculated with given flow and delivery height (or the given number of revolutions). Is the calculated pump efficiency. Is the necessary electrical performance for the pump. Is the calculated NPSH value. The description of the errors if any occur.

The calculated numerical values of number of revolutions, efficiency, achievement and NPSH value are meaningful if a pump type is assigned to the pump.

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Feeder

Feeder
Serves to specify the feeders (production plants) in the network. The queried maximum values only have indirect influence on network calculation and cause warnings during excess. The indicated constant pressure loss and pressure loss coefficient enter directly into the hydraulic calculation! Feeder Contains the the name of the feeder.

Tab General

Initial and end nodes Specifies the linkage of the feeder within the network between the initial and end nodes. With the combination fields the linkages can be formed to existing nodes in the network. Zone Allocates a feeder to one of the zones configured. The allocation is insignificant for actual hydraulic calculation. It is useful in the case of the formation of network variables for cost calculations. Const. pressure loss portion Contains the constant pressure loss proportion caused by the feeder - p const . Max. pressure loss Max. pressure loss which occurs with the max. feeder mass flow - p . Max. Feed mass flow Contains the max. feed mass flow - m . Pressure loss coefficient The pressure loss coefficient displays the pressure loss related to the mass flow and enters the calculation of the feed pressure loss as follows:

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Feeder

p = p Const + m 2 Limits Tab

(5.4)

Max. Feeding temperature Contains the maximum entry temperature of the feeder. Max. Feed performance Contains the maximum feed temperature of the feeder. Min. mass flow Contains the minimum mass flow which the feeder is set for. Heat production costs Contains the costs for heat production by the feeder. Capital outlays Enter the capital outlays of the feeder here.

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Feeder

Result Tab
You can access the calculation results for the pump using the tab. The height of the dialog mask is adaptable to be able to show the results list completely.

Calculation Indicates the names of the network calculation to which the results belong. List of the results The following results for the valve are computed and indicated subject to the module:
Size Exit pressure Exit temperature Description Exit pressure and/or feed pressure for the categories gas and water. Feed temperature of the feeder, only for the categories long-distance heating and long-distance cooling. Feed mass throughflow. Feed volume throughflow. Hydraulic pressure loss of the feeder. Pressure at the entry flow of the feeder. Entry temperature of the feeder, only for the categories long-distance heating and long-distance cooling. The description of the errors if any occur.

Feeding performance Calculated heat performance of the feeder. Mass flow Flow rate Pressure loss Entry pressure Entry temperature Error

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Consumer

Consumer
This dialog indicates all consumers relevant for network calculation. The consumers produced from customer data are also displayed and can be recognized on the basis of the name convention.

Consumer Enter the name of the consumer here. The name the consumer must be unique within the names for network elements. sisHYD checks the assigned name and issues a warning if necessary.

General Tab
Initial and end nodes Combination fields, with which the linkage of the consumer within the network between initial and end nodes is specified. In general the a consumers initial node is always a flow node (for three-leader systems flow or KLB nodes). The end node must be a return node. In the special case of return consumers the starting node is also a return node. Consumer group Assigns a consumer group to the consumer. The consumer group specifies the load behavior of the consumer and decides among other things on the return temperature. The consumer groups are provided and edited with the dialog Consumer groups on page 84. Zone Assigns the consumer to one of the configured zones. The allocation is insignificant for actual hydraulic calculation. It is useful in the case of the formation of network variables for cost calculations.

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Consumer

Connection load See nominal mass flow/nominal volume flow. Nominal mass flow/nominal value stream Consumer value in the indicated unit with a load factor of 100%. The consumer value consumed can either be indicated as connection load, nominal mass flow or nominal value stream. The selection field concerned should be marked, so that the associated input field (in the illustration the field nominal mass flow) is released for input. For gas and water networks only mass flow and flow rate are available for selection. Bypass diameter If a bypass is to be used parallel to the consumer, you can enter the diameter of the bypass pipe here. The bypass is calculated as individual flow resistance with a Zeta value of 3.8.

p = -- v 2 3.8 2

Pressure loss proportion p Velocity of flow v Density

(5.5)

Return consumers Mark the field in order to display and select only return nodes in the list of the starting nodes. Thus a consumer becomes a return consumer. If this option is selected, the field initial node is reset and the initial node must be allocated. When switching between consumer data records, sisHYD automatically updated the status of the field depending on the consumers set initial mode.

Limits Tab
Here the operation limits of the consumer are entered/changed. If these values are not 0, the defaults from the associated consumer group are overwritten.

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Consumer

Min. Difference of pressure For each consumer if necessary a minimum difference of pressure can be indicated, which is necessary for the heat supply of the consumer. This value overwrites the min difference of pressure of the associated consumer group. indicated in the consumer group. If this value falls below during calculation, an error message occurs. Max. Pressure For each consumer if necessary a max. pressure can be indicated which may not be exceeded in operation. This value overwrites the max. pressure of the associated consumer group indicated in the consumer group. If this value is exceeded during calculation, an error message occurs. Maximum mass flow For each consumer if necessary a max. mass flow can be set. The heat extraction of the consumer is limited to the max. mass flow if the entry temperature is too low. Min. Flow temperature For each consumer a minimum necessary inlet temperature (e.g. a contractually assured temperature) can be entered, which is checked at the end of the calculation. If the value falls below the minimum, this leads to an error message. Min. Entry pressure For each consumer the minimum necessary pressure on entry can be set. If this value falls below during calculation, an error message occurs. Max. Exit pressure For each consumer the maximum permissible pressure at the exit of the consumer can be given. If this value is exceeded during calculation, an error message occurs.

Customer Tab

Shows a list of all customers, who were combined into the current consumer. By double clicking on a customer, the assigned customer data set is opened.

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Consumer

Result Tab
You can access the calculation results for the consumer using the tab. The height of the dialog mask is adaptable to be able to show the results list completely.

Calculation Indicates the names of the network calculation to which the results belong. List of the results The following results for the consumer are computed and indicated subject to the module:
Size Mass flow Flow rate in Flow rate out Temperature in Temperature out Pressure in Pressure out Pressure differential Load Average. retention time Bypass mass flow Error Description Is the calculated consumer throughflow. Flow rate in the entry flow of the consumer. Flow rate in the exit flow of the consumer. Is the temperature in the entry flow of the consumer. Is the temperature in the exit flow of the consumer. Is the entry pressure at the entry flow of the consumer. Is the exit pressure at the exit flow of the consumer. Is the pressure difference between flow (or KLB leader) and return from the consumer. Is the load actually removed by the consumer. (only thermally intermittent calculation). The bypass mass flow calculated on the basis of the pressure difference. The description of the errors if any occur.

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Customer

Customer
In this dialog the data for customers can be entered and changed. The heat requirement of a customer can be defined in different way (e.g. by means of connected load). The only information necessary is that on the basis of which network calculation is to be carried out.

Customer Enter the name of the customer here.

General Tab
After modification of fields relevant for the hydraulic calculation (tabs General, Tab Water) sisHYD automatically updates the generated consumers affected at the connection node. See Automatic production of consumers from customer data on page 73. Connection node Node to which the customer is connected. Zone The zone that the customer is allocated to. The zone is applied for the generated consumer. If no zone is allocated, then the automatic transformation applies the zone of the element attached to the connecting node. If no item is connected, the standard zone is selected.

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Customer

Heating Determines the customers characteristics for the heater portion at the load. If the field is not marked, no heating load is available and the following input fields are deactivated. Consumer group Select the consumer group for the heater portion in the combination field. The consumer group determines the customers consumption behavior and sets which consumer value is used for the transformation into a consumer. The consumption field set in the consumer group is normally shown, while the remaining fields are displayed in the dialog mask with a grey background. See also Consumer groups on page 84. Connected load Contains the connected load (the contractual thermal output) of the customer. Nominal mass flow Contains the nominal mass flow of the customer. Nominal volume flow Contains the nominal volume flow of the customer. Bypass diameter Defines the diameter of the bypass pipe, if available. Max. mass flow. Optional input for the delimitation of the max. mass flow. Consumer Displays the name of the consumer data record to which the customers heater portion was transferred. By double clicking on the field the consumer dataset is opened. Quantity of water current/previous year Water consumption of the current and the preceding year. Quantity of heat current/previous year Amount of heat taken in current and preceding year. Volume current/previous year Volume taken in current and preceding year. Floor space Contains the total floor space.

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Customer

Tab Water Tab


Using the tab Tab Water, you allocate additional loads for the tab Water preparation and/or air conditioning to the customer.

Tab water Determines the customers characteristics for the heater portion at the load. If the field is not marked, no heating load is available and the following input fields are deactivated. Consumer group Select the consumer group for the hot water preparation in the combination field. The consumer group determines the customers consumption behavior and sets which consumer value is used for the transformation into a consumer. The consumption field set in the consumer group is normally shown, while the remaining fields are displayed in the dialog mask with a grey background. See also Consumer groups on page 84. Connected load Contains the connection value of the tab water preparation. Nominal mass flow Nominal mass flow for the tab water preparation. Nominal volume flow Nominal volume flow of the tab water preparation.

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Customer

Consumer Displays the name of the consumer data record to which the customers heater portion was transferred. By double clicking on the field the consumer dataset is opened. Ventilation Determines the customers characteristics for the ventilation portion in the same way as the Tab Water section.

User Defined Tab


On this tab page freely definable attributes of the customer are displayed and edited. The text of the attributes is freely selectable and stored in the project data base. With a few exceptions, any character sequences with max. 255 characters length can be entered in the input fields.

Automatic production of consumers from customer data


Customer data is transferred automatically to consumers. Thus one new consumer results from one or more customer data records. The conversion takes place according to these rules:
1. The consumer is always produced at the connecting node of the customer. 2. Customer data with the same consumer group and the same zone is pooled.

The following also applies for long-distance heating 3-leader networks: A consumer with connection to the supply is produced for the heating portion. For the portions of tab water preparation and ventilation consumers connected to the KLB leader are always produced.

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Customer
3. The set consumer group determines which field of the customer data is converted

to the consumer load figure. See Customer Tab on page 86. If source and target are identical, no conversion is necessary. As soon as a removed quantity (amount of heat, quantity, volume) is set in the customer column, the yearly hours are needed for the conversion into the appropriate flow size (see the following table):
Customer Connected load Nominal mass flow Flow rate Current amount of heat Amount of heat previous year Current quantity of water. Quantity of water previous year Current volume. Volume previous year Floor space Yearly hours necessary necessary necessary necessary necessary necessary necessary

Conversion Depending upon type of the conversion, the flow and return specified temperature of the consumer group the yearly hours average material values are used in the following formulae. The material values for density and thermal capacity are calculated for an absolute pressure of 5 bar and the numerical mean temperature using the thermodynamics library provided.

Q = m c p ( T Flow-Set T Return-Set ) QVm Q = ---------- or V = ---------- or m = ---------t Year t Year t Year m V = --


Symbol:

(5.6) (5.7) (5.8)

Q = Heat load , c p = Thermal capacity , T = Temperature m = Mass flow V = Flow Rate = Density t Year = Yearly hours Q = Annual output , m = Annual quantity and V = Annual volume

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Pipe classes

Flow of the transformation The transformation results only on nodes affected by data record modifications and executes these actions:
1. Determine regulations on generated consumers, in order to be able to set the

regulation correctly even after the deletion of generated consumers.


2. Deletes the generated consumers (manually created consumers are preserved

unchanged).
3. Pooling of customer data according to the specified rules for new consumers. 4. Re-creation of affected regulations on consumers (if necessary).

Deleting customer data can to differential pressure regulations on consumers being changed over to equivalent differential pressure regulations between nodes, as long as no more consumers are present at the connection node.

Pipe classes
With the pipe class dialog a high performance possibility is available to the user to reduce the number of repeating inputs for pipes by the definition of own pipe classes. Class Name of the pipe class.

Hydraulics Tab

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Pipe classes

Inside diameter Inside diameter of the pipe class. The numerical value is relevant for hydraulic calculation. Heat coefficient The heat coefficient indicated the specific heat losses of the piping and enters thermal calculation as heat transition coefficient. The heat transition coefficient is determined from the heat coefficient by division with the piping extent related to the inside diameter.

Heat coefficient Heat through-flow coefficient = ------------------------------------ d inside

(5.9)

The thermal calculation then takes place in accordance with Piping on page 219. Wall roughness Surface roughness of the piping. This value is needed for the calculation of the pressure loss with the Colebrook White formula. Pressure rating Pressure rating of the piping (max. permissible operating pressure). Retention correction Correction factor for the retention time, to correct due to the storage effect in piping wall and isolation during the heating/cooling in the pipe. The value usually lies between 1 and 1.2 (default value = 1). Ambient temperature Optional information of the ambient temperature for the heat loss calculation of the pipe. The default becomes effective, if no individual exterior temperature is defined for pipes. Corrugated pipe Designates the pipe class as corrugated pipe and enables the input of additional parameters for the description of corrugated pipe geometry. The geometry details are to be taken from the the manufacturers data sheet. Calculation takes place in accordance with worksheet FW 440-2 - [17]. Groove distance The distance between the high points of two grooves next to each other, in the direction of the piping axle. Groove depth The distance between high and low point of a wave.

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Pipe classes

Design Tab

Use for design If this switch is pressed, the pipe class is available for design calculations. Otherwise the pipe class is not considered with design calculations and is not suggested for use. Max. spec. pressure loss Maximum specific pressure loss for the pipe class. Max. flow rate Maximum flow rate for the pipe class. spec. flow rate are set, W If these values for max.the global default from i.e. the numerical values are not equal to zero, you overwrite the network calculation. See in the network calculation dialog Design Tab on page 107.

Prices Tab

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Pump types

Price level. With the price level, a specific moving price is assigned to the pipe class as a function of the moving conditions. The categories 1 to 6 are available across the application and can be filled according to your own needs. The price indicated here together with the price stage selected in the pipes which of the 6 numerical values is to be used for a pipe for capital outlay calculation.

Extra 1 and Extra 2 Tab

Additional information Under this point of dialog further specifications of the pipe class are possible regarding thermal insulation, supplier, material, order no., leakage detection, nominal diameter, shroud diameter, specific piping weight and outside diameter. These details are only for information and have no influence on network calculation.

Pump types
In this dialog pump types can be defined. The network configuration is simplified by pump types, which are available for the entire network calculation and simplify the production of a network substantially. Pump type Name of the pump type.

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Pump types

Hydraulics Tab

Nominal number of revolutions Contains the nominal number of revolutions of the pump type. This number of revolutions is noted on the data sheets of the pump characteristic. Min. and max. Mass flow Contains the minimum and the maximum mass flow which can be supported by this pump type with nominal number of rotations. If a mass flow is calculated outside the specified range in the network calculation for a pump of this type, a warning results. Min. and max. number of revolutions Contains the minimum and maximum number of revolutions permissible for pumps of this design. If a number of revolutions is calculated outside the specified range in the network calculation for a pump of this type, a warning results. Engine performance Contains the engine performance of this pump type.

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Pump types

Characteristic Tab
In this table the characteristic data of the pump type are stored. It links the mass flow, the delivery height, electric current requirements and the NPSH value. The entries can be edited in the table.

For the characteristic at least 4 basic values must be given. Alternatively the direct input of the pump characteristic parameters happens using the register Parameters Tab on page 80. A popup menu exists for the list, in order to insert rows into the table, to delete rows, etc.; see Context menus (right key menus) on page 17.

Parameters Tab
The characteristic parameters can be entered directly using this tab. The input is possible only if no rows are present in the characteristic list.

The characteristics are described with 2D (promotion and NPSH characteristics) and/or 3D (performance characteristics) polygons. See Pumps on page 220. The parameter set is entered in SI units (the units are indicated with the help text bubble).

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Pump types

Prices Tab

Assigns costs to the pump types in the price categories for the whole application. The allocation takes place according to your own needs.

Extra Tab
In this tab further specifications of the pump type are possible regarding supplier, order no. and model. These details are only for information and have no influence on network calculation.

Model Enter the name of the pump type here according to manufacturer data. Supplier Name of the pump manufacturer. Order no. The order no. of the pump with the supplier. Efficiency of the hydraulic transmission By selecting the check box Hydraulic transmission, a hydraulic transmission (Voith transmission) is assigned to the pump type.

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Valve types

Min. Efficiency Contains the efficiency of the hydraulic transmission at minimum number of revolutions. Max. Efficiency Contains the efficiency of the hydraulic transmission at maximum number of revolutions of the pump.

Valve types
In this dialog valve types can be defined, which are available for the entire network calculation and simplify the production of a network substantially. Type of valve Name of the type of valve.

Hydraulics Tab

Kind of characteristic In this selection box the kind of characteristic of the type of valve can be specified. The following entries are available:
Kind of characteristic Percentage equal Linear Freely defined Check valve Comment Input of the KVS value required. Input of KVS value and KVS/KV0 required. Input of up to 10 bases of the valve characteristic. The input fields KVS and KVS/KV0 are ignored. No input of parameters possible.

The effect of the parameters on the network calculation is described under Valves on page 221.

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Valve types

Price categories Assigns costs for the possible price categories to the valve types. The categories 1 to 6 are available across the application and can be filled according to your own needs. Valve position and coefficient If the type of characteristic freely defined was selected, then up to ten bases can be entered in this field. KVS Flow with standard conditions (20 C, 1 bar pressure loss). The input field is to be filled out for the types of characteristic linear and equal percentage. KVS/KVO Theoretical positioning requirement. The input field is only to be filled out for the type of characteristic linear. Characteristic As soon as the type of characteristic freely defined is selected, the valve type receives its hydraulic characteristic with value pairs of position and valve coefficients. At least 2 and a maximum of 10 value pairs are to be entered into the list. Intermediate values are interpolated linearly by the program. The values can be entered unsorted, but must result in a strictly monotonous rising characteristic.

Prices Tab
Assigns costs for the possible price categories to the valve types. The categories 1 to 6 are available across the application and can be filled according to your own needs.

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Consumer groups

Extra Tab
Under this dialog point, further specifications of the type of valve are possible regarding supplier, order no. and model. These details are only for information and have no influence on network calculation.

Consumer groups
In this dialog consumer groups can be defined. Consumer group Name of the consumer group.

Load model Tab

Flow and return target Contains the target values for the flow and the return of the consumer group.

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Consumer groups

Sigma load Deviation of the return temperature when the load factor is changed. The return temperature is calculated according to the following formula:

T R = T RSet Load ( 1 f ), Loadfactor f


Sigma flow Deviation from the return temperature when the flow temperature is modified. The return temperature is calculated according to the following formula

(5.10)

T R = T RSet + Flow ( T V T VSet ) Limits Tab

(5.11)

Retention time Average retention time of the medium with a consumer in the case of design. Min. Difference of pressure Minimum necessary customer pressure difference. Min. Flow temperature Minimum necessary inlet temperature. Max. Inlet pressure Maximum permissible customer inlet pressure. Min. Entry pressure Minimum entry pressure for all consumers belonging to to the consumer group. Max. Exit pressure Maximum permissible pressure at the exit of the consumer.

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Consumer groups

With quantity delimitation Activates the quantity delimitation of the associated consumers (only for the categories long-distance heating/long-distance cooling as well as in given rated outputs of the consumers). The maximum mass flow of a customer results from the rated output and the interpretation temperatures as well as the delimitation factor; see Gl. 5.12. If no defaults are made, the consumers of this consumer group are calculated without quantity delimitation. by individual W Note that the defaults in the consumer group are possibly overwrittenthe consumer settings on consumers. An explicit default of the maximum mass flow at has priority. Delimitation factor Factor for the determination of the max. mass flow of a consumer in the network calculation. The maximum mass flow of a consumer effective in calculation is calculated as follows.

Q Nominal ----------------------m Max = f Limitation c p T Set

(5.12)

Nominal is the conclusion value of the consumer from the consumer data (individual network element).

m Max is the maximum effective mass flow of a consumer in network calculation. Q

T Set is the target temperature difference of the consumer group for the case of design (the case in which the connected load is set). f Limitation is the delimitation factor. Customer Tab
Determines which consumption field is used for the transformation of a customer into a consumer when working with customer data. The transformation is described in the section Automatic production of consumers from customer data on page 73.

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Medium Properties

Source Marks the data field of the customer from which the target value is determined for the consumer. If source and target agree, a direct transfer of the value of the number takes place. Yearly hours The field is activated, as soon as a quantity is selected under source. The appropriate flow size (heat flow, mass flow or volume flow) is then determined by division from the work/quantity and used for further conversions. Target The target field in the generated consumer. Heat load, mass flow or through flow (depending upon medium) are available.

Medium Properties
Includes the necessary material value information for the calculation of gases.

Medium The name for the medium concerned. Standard density The density of the medium in normal state. Calorific value Optional information of the calorific value. With information of the calorific value, it is possible to give consumption values as connected loads (thermal outputs). The network calculation then takes over the conversion into mass flows using the calorific value. Dyn. Viscosity with standard conditions The dynamic viscosity (not the kinematic viscosity!) of the medium.

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Drag coefficients

Sutherland constant Constant for the conversion of the dynamic viscosity to another temperature than the standard temperature. The dynamic tenacity for a temperature T is calculated asfollows:

C1 + ----T0 T = 0 ----- -------------T0 1 + C --T


Thus the temperatures must be put into Kelvin.

(5.13)

Pressure factor compressibility Constant for the calculation of the gas compressibility subject to the pressure. The compressibility K is calculated with the pressure factor compressibility K Par as follows:

K = 1 + K Par P Drag coefficients

(5.14)

Construction units and your drag coefficients are entered into the system using the dialog mask Drag coefficients. The dialog is also used to allocate drag coefficients to the pipe currently being edited.

New Inserts a new additional resistance into the list. A new additional resistance is entered as <New> in the list. Delete Removes the selected additional resistance from the list. The additional resistance can be only removed if it is not referenced by any pipe.

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Drag coefficients

Insert in pipe mask Transfers the selected additional resistance of the pipe currently being edited on the list of the additional resistances.

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Drag coefficients

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The menu controls makes a set of regulation possibilities available for the network elements pump and valve. In this way you illustrate the mode of operation of your network.

Task: Create/change pressure maintenance (flow, central or return line pressure maintenance) Create/change pressure controls for pumps or valves Create/change pressure differential controls between nodes, for rule element and consumer Create/change mass flow controls Create/change temperature controls Create/change admixture controls Create/change thermal bypasses

Selection from the menu Controls: Pressure maintenance (page 91) Pressure controls (page 92) Difference of pressure controls (page 93) Quantity controls (page 94) Temperature controls (page 95) Admixture controls (page 95) Thermal bypasses (page 96)

Pressure maintenance
In this dialog you can define pressure maintenance. This is then assigned to one or more networks in the configuration and can be switched off again for a calculation.

Control name Name of the pressure maintenance. The name may be changed but must remain unique within the controls. Node 1 Using the combination field the rule node for the flow/return pressure maintenance and/or the first rule node for the average pressure maintenance is selected.

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Pressure controls

Node 2 The combination field serves to select the 2nd rule node of the average pressure maintenance. The average pressure maintenance is activated using the selection field before the node. Pressure The pressure value which must be held constant. Middle factor The average factor determines the resulting average pressure in case of the kind of pressure maintenance average pressure maintenance with given pressures at the nodes 1 and 2. It is calculated as follows: Average pressure = node pressure 1 * factor + node pressure 2 * (1 - factor). A value of 0.5 corresponds to the actual (symmetrical) average pressure maintenance between the pressure maintenance nodes.

Pressure controls
In this dialog you can define pressure defaults for pumps and valves.

Control name Name of the regulation, which must be unique within the regulations. Rule element Combination field for the selection of the pump or the valve which is to be regulated. The field is deactivated as soon as the control is in use by a network calculation. Rule node Combination field with which the node which is to be regulated is selected. Regulation pressure The desired value for the regulation.

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Difference of pressure controls

Difference of pressure controls


Here you can define difference of pressure regulations for pumps and valves.

Control name Name of the regulation, which must be unique within the regulations. Rule element Combination field for to select the pump or valve which is to be regulated. The field is deactivated as soon as the control is in use by a network calculation. Type of regulation Specifies the kind of difference of pressure control. The following possibilities to set a pressure differential are available:

Type of control Between nodes Element Consumer Crit. Consumer

To To maintain the pressure differential between the rule nodes node 1 and node 2 To assign a constant pressure loss/increase to a valve or a pump To adjust the pressure differential at the selected consumer To set the pressure differential at the crit. consumer in the calculation

crit. consumer, it selected W With the type of regulationwith. In the process is accepted that the consumerconsumer as crit. consumer is started of network calculation, the crit. can change dynamically. Node 1/node 2 Combination fields to select the rule nodes, between which the pressure differential is to be maintained. The fields are active if the type of regulation selected is between nodes. Consumer Combination field to select the consumer which is be regulated. The field is only active if the type of regulation set is consumer and crit. consumer.

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Quantity controls

Pressure differential The pressure differential which is to be maintained between the two selected nodes or the pressure loss/the delivery height for the rule element. The determined pressures between W nodepressure differential is regulation isas a difference of the abs.itself, the numerical 1 and node 2. If the applied to the element value describes the pressure loss which is to be set. Therefore the pressure differential must be negative with pumps so that a constant increase in pressure is obtained!

Quantity controls
Enter the mass flow regulation for a rule element in the dialog mass flow regulations. Either the feeding mass flow of a supplier or a firm mass flow can be given as a desired value. The default of a given mass flow only makes sense, however, if the rule element is in a hydraulic mesh.

Control name Name of the regulation, which must be unique within the regulations. Rule element Combination field for to select the pump or valve which is to be regulated. The field is deactivated as soon as the control is in use by a network calculation. Supplier By marking the selection field in the combination field, you activate the selection of the supplier whose feeding value (mass flow, flow rate or performance as displayed in the distribution of load) is to be brought into the network. Mass flow/flow rate By marking the appropriate selection field you activate the input field mass flow or flow rate and can enter the desired mass flow for the regulation.

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Temperature controls

Temperature controls
In this dialog you configure temperature controls for pumps and valve valves. meant for W The automatic controller iseach other. control functions when rule nodes and rule elements are far away from This kind of temperature control can strongly impair the convergence of network calculation or even make it impossible. Far more common variables for temperature control with good-natured automatic controller action in network calculation are the Admixture controls and the Thermal bypasses.

Control name Name of the regulation, which must be unique within the regulations. Rule element Combination field for to select the pump or valve which is to be regulated. The field is deactivated as soon as the control is in use by anetwork calculation. Rule node Combination fields to select the rule nodes whose temperature is to be set. Temperature Desired value for the rule temperature at the rule node.

Admixture controls
In this dialog you configure admixture controls.

Control name Name of the regulation, which must be unique within the regulations.

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Thermal bypasses

Rule element Combination field for to select the pump or valve which is to be regulated. The field is deactivated as soon as the control is in use by a network calculation. Temperature The mixture temperature which is to be maintained at the initial node of the rule element.

Thermal bypasses
In this dialog you configure thermal bypasses. The thermal bypass opens as soon as there is a drop below the minimum temperature at the initial node of the control valve (which must be in the flow and/or KLB leader).

Control name Name of the regulation, which must be unique within the regulations. Control valve Combination field to select the valve which is to be regulated. The field is deactivated as soon as the control is in use by a network calculation. Min. temperature The minimum temperature which is to be maintained. Opens the bypass opens as soon as there is a drop below this temperature. In order to establish a thermal bypass between flow and return, set an valve with the initial node into the flow, with the end node into the return. As soon as there is a drop below the minimum temperature, the valve opens. If the too low temperature was caused by too small velocity of flow and thus by too strong cooling down of the flow, the temperature at the initial node rises.

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Under the Calculation menu you work with network calculations. You enter load cases, carry out changes to existing calculation defaults and start network calculation.

Task: Create/change/start static network calculation Create/change/start dynamic network calculation Create, display and print reports Reports sketch

Selection from the menu Calculation: Steady State Network Calculation (page 97) Unsteady State Network Calculation (page 109) Report center (page 111) Report Designer (page 113)

Steady State Network Calculation


The dialog Steady State Network Calculation serves to input, modify and start steady-state network calculations. The regulations and the distribution of load for calculation are set in this dialog, as well the configuration of the desgin defaults.

Calculation Give your network calculation a name here. Start network calculation Implements the network calculation with the settings made. If calculation is terminated with messages, sisHYD automatically opens the error log. After successful calculation (without fatal error) the calculation results are imported and can be evaluated in the report center. The progress display of the calculation is displayed only if calculation time amounts to multi than one second. It serves to cancel the calculation being carried out in the background if necessary. The display is closed automatically when the calculation finishes.

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Steady State Network Calculation

Close Closes the progress bar after successful calculation. Cancel Cancels current calculation. Give your network calculation a name here. Start validation Carries out an examination of the network data and calculation specifications. The validation uncovers potential errors, which are recognizable before a calculation. Detected defects are written in the calculation log and the log is opened if the validation fails. Display log file Displays the log with messages about network calculation. Is if the symbol is greyed out, no log is available for the calculation. The log is written in HTML format and displayed with the default Internet browser. There are hyperlinks behind highlighted object names in the messages, which open the corresponding data records in sisHYD. See sisHYD browser on page 23. Start design wizard Starts the assistant for the adopting of design results, i.e. the adoption of determined pipe classes according to the design criteria. The switch is active only if a valid design calculation has been carried out. You can find further information under Adopt designed pipes on page 213.

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Steady State Network Calculation

Open report center Starts the report center for the evaluation of the calculation results. The evaluation covers a summary of the calculation as well as a large number of reports for the different installation components and regulations. With the reports there are also many min & max evaluations with an adjustable number of data sets sorted according to the evaluation criterion.

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Steady State Network Calculation

The report center displays a tree view of the possible evaluations in the left window area. The min/max reports themselves sort the elements in ascending order of the evaluation criterion (separately for each network position). The displayed reports depend on the category, the medium as well as the existing installation components; if no valves are present in the current project, for example, then no reports for valves are offered. The listed designated objects have hyperlinks which open the corresponding object in sisHYD when clicked. See sisHYD browser on page 23.

General Tab

Variable The range of the network element being viewed can be limited and controlled with the selection field variable. Ambient temperature Here the temperature with which network calculation carries out heat loss calculation at pipes is specified. The temperature level is considered as exterior pipe temperature behind the insulation. of the temperature default. W Network calculation works with a cascaded possibilitycalculation. The priority sequence is pipe > pipe class > network If there are defaults in pipe and/or pipe class, the temperatures agreed upon show that there is a valid heat loss calcuation. Otherwise a valid temperature default for heat loss calculation in network calculation is always given in this input field.

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Steady State Network Calculation

Load factor Here the global load factor is specified. The load factor of the consumers is multiplied by this load factor in order to receive the effective load for calculation. Additionally the consumer group is multiplied by the load factor!

Q Calculation = Q Consumer f Global f Consumergroup

Separate load factors for the heating leader and for the KLB leader can be given for 3-leader-networks. Supply times For all nodes and customers the average retention time of the medium is calculated from the feed to the customer on the assumption that the mass flows are temporally constant. In addition, the total heat/water load reached as well as the times taken to reach 10, 50 and 90 per cent of this load are written into the database for all feeds. In addition the average supply time from each supplier is calculated for all nodes. Design Carries out a design calculation which takes place under the defaults in the tab design. Calculate branches Considers the pressure losses at branches. See Calculation of drag coefficients of bends on page 221. Without heat loss Carries out the simulation without heat loss calculation. This option is helpful if a calculation does not converge due to thermal problems. Such problems were observed in particular after input errors with the network data (wrong dimension of a piping). Under supply of consumers This feature of network calculation is in the test run and should only be activated after running a successful conventional calculation. The mode only affects consumers who give the maximum mass flow. If there is a drop below the minimum necessary pressure loss for these consumers, the maximum possible mass flow is reduced accordingly. The new limit value for the maximum mass flow can then lead to an under supply of the consumer. Description In this several line input field, the calculation and its settings can be described with up to 1000 characters. When the report is printed, this comment appears on the first page. When the PrintPrep tool is used (using standard framework templates) this text appears in the text heading.

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Steady State Network Calculation

Results on Shows the date of the calculation results as soon as results are available. The symbol before the date displays the calculation status.
Symbol Meaning Successful - calculation was successfully terminated without messages.

Warning - calculation was successfully terminated, but warnings were logged. Error - calculation was carried but error messages were logged.

Fatal - calculation was not correctly ended. The calculation results are NOT trustworthy. At the time of the calculation cancellation results were written, which might help with the error analysis. Unknown - calculation results are present, but come from an older program version which does not write the calculation status.

Existing calculation results are automatically imported when a calculation is selected.

Pressure Maintenance Tab

Pressure maintenance Name of the pressure maintenance. The name of the pressure maintenance cannot be changed in this dialog. Instructions Here the pressure maintenance is switched on or off in the list. In a hydraulically closed long-distance heating network only exactly pressure maintenance can generally be switched on.

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Steady State Network Calculation

Holding pressure Holding pressure of the pressure maintenance. The holding pressure can be changed for current calculation. It is shown on the tab if no pressure maintenance is activated.

Regulation Tab
The regulation of the pumps and valves is carried out on this tab.

Pump/valve Displays the data set names of the pump and/or valve. The data set is opened by double clicking on the cell to be edited. Mode of operation Here the mode of operation of the rule element is specified. The first entry is always Off, in order to deactivate the current rule element. The second entry contains the term for the manual operation with a pump. Number of revolutions, with a valve in the term Position. For further entries the names of all regulations found for the rule element follow. For new rule elements sisHYD determines whether regulations for the element are already defined. If a regulation is found, sisHYD activates regular operation and selects the first regulation. Otherwise the rule element with a pump is blocked, and with an valve set on on manual operation with the position 100%. do not exist from of network calculation. W Blocked rule elements the network can bethe perspective alternative bypass of the Therefore circulation in interrupted if no element is present.

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Steady State Network Calculation

Desired value Depending upon mode of operation the meaning of the value indexed under the column info. changes. The following table shows the possible settings:
Mode of operation Off Info. No entry possible. The field is ignored

Number of revolutions The number of revolutions of the pump must be entered here. The unit is displayed after the cell. Position Regular operation The position of the valve must be entered here. The unit is displayed after the cell. First the desired value is of the selected regulation is displayed here. This value can be changed for current calculation.

Unit Here the unit of the desired value for the current rule element is displayed. The unit depends on the kind of the selected regulation and/or on the mode of operation. On the tab it is displayed if in the info. column a value is necessary but no value is entered. Information for the control function If a regulation is selected as mode of operation for the currently selected rule element, the information is displayed here for selected regulation (guidance node as well as if necessary type of regulation and guiding device).

Feeder Tab

Feeder Displays the name of a feeder whose mode of operation is to be set for calculation. The data set is opened by double clicking on the cell with the supplier name to edit it.

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Steady State Network Calculation

Mode of operation The following table shows the possible modes of operation and names the necessary settings in the field which depend on it:
Mode of operation Pressure default Feed Feed pressure at the feed point given in the unit which is entered in the following cell (only for one-leader networks).

Regular operation No entry possible. (long-distance heating) The flow of the a feeder is calculated in the process of network calculation, since as well as the consumer load also the heat losses must be covered over the pipe surfaces. In two-leader networks exactly one feeder exists in regular operation. In three-leader networks exactly one feeder exists in regular operation for flow and exactly one feeder the regular operation for the constant leader. Performance Flow rate Mass flow Off Default for feed performance in the unit which is entered in the following cell Default for flow rate in the unit which is entered in the following cell Default for mass flow in the unit which is entered in the following cell No entry

VL-temp. The feeding temperature of the supplier. Not for gas and water networks. It is displayed on the tab if no entry temperature is registered.

Load Prognosis Tab

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Consumer group Name of the consumer group. Load factor Load factor which enters into calculation of the actual consumer load in network calculation. See the calculation formula under Load factor on page 101. Return temperature Optional return temperature for the consumer group. If no return temperature is given, the return temperature is determined in accordance with the consumer model subject to the entry temperature as well as the load factor.

Isolation Valves Tab


be excluded from simulation using the W Whole network areas can in these network areas. Make sure nobarrier, without having to delete the consumers active rule elements or active rule nodes are in blocked ranges!

Pipe Name of a pipe which can be isolated. By double clicking on the cell with the pipe name, the pipe data set is displayed. Condition A red, filled, barrier symbol A green, non-filled, barrier symbol identifies a blocked pipe. identifies an open pipe.

By double clicking on the symbol, you switch between blocked and open condition. Browse If the mark is set in this field, the corresponding data set is displayed when the pipe mask is open as soon as the list of the barriers is browsed.

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Design Tab
The tab Design is only available if the marking field design was activated under General.

Pipe selection The option menu specifies how the pipe selection for the design calculation takes place. The following options are available:
Pipe selection Entire network By zone By pipe classes Meaning The list is ignored. All pipes of the network are dimensioned. All pipes which belong to one of the zones in the list are dimensioned. All pipes whose pipe class is specified in the list are dimensioned. Note that the pipe classes must be activated explicitly for the design calculation so that they are considered! See Pipe classes on page 75. Only the pipes which are specified in the list are dimensioned.

Selected pipes

Select by graphic Starts a command to select a pipe from the drawing. The selected pipe is examined and the adjusted selection criterion (zone, pipe class, pipe) is added to the selection list. Deselect by graphic Starts a command to select a pipe from the drawing. The selected pipe is examined and the adjusted selection criterion (zone, pipe class, pipe) is removed from the selection list. Delete selection list Removes all entries from the selection list. The list must be rewritten, otherwise the information for design calculation is incomplete.

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Steady State Network Calculation

Edit selection list Edits the list of objects that are in the scope of the design calculation.

By clicking on a row and/or a focused list by hitting the space bar, the marking of the selected row is switched on/off. A marked row is in the selection. By pressing the input button or the OK button, the selection is applies and the dialog mask is closed. By pressing the ESC key or the cancel button, the dialog is closed and the changes not applied. Limit values Using the marker fields, either the the max. pressure loss and/or the max. flow rate of a pipe is considered as design criterion. In the input fields the maximally permissible limit values are set.

Options Tab
The defaults for logs and functions are set in the tab options.

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Unsteady State Network Calculation

Logging In this group the settings for logging for network calculation are made. Fatal Serious errors which lead to the abortion of network calculation. This kind of error is always logged. Error Error during network calculation (e.g. exceeding/falling below limit values, errors in configuration data). This kind of error is always logged. Warning Warnings about possible errors (e.g. warnings about nodes with only one attached pipe). Information Most important information on the execution of network calculation (e.g. number of iteration steps with hydraulic calculation, display of the most important indexing steps during network calculation). Topology Messages about dead branches and dead ends in the network are given if this field is marked. Function Activated tasks for the calculation can be switched on and off using the option switches. Update Drawings If this field is marked, then sisHYD automatically creates a set of network sketches with the new calculation result. Network sketches are always based on a design template. sisHYD determines the created network sketches and associated templates from the latest result. The new results are applied to the templates thus found. Start Design Result Wizard Starts the assistant to update the pipes pipe classes with the results of the dimensioning, after a successful design calculation.

Unsteady State Network Calculation


The dialog Dynamic Network Calculation serves to input, modify and start dynamic network calculations. The regulations and the distribution of load for the calculation for a desired calculation period are set in this dialog. The list of unsteady state network calculations also contains steady state calculations, so that a steady state calculation can be changed into an unsteady state calculation. The different tabs for the calculation defaults determined similarly to steady state network calculation, although there is also tab Period. In addition, on the tabs Pressure Maintenance, Control, Stations, Load Prognosis and Isolation Valves, the default time can be selected.

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Unsteady State Network Calculation

Period Tab
The tab Period permits the input of the calculation period as well as the calculation and settings step:

From When starting, first the creation date of calculation is displayed. The value can be changed using a special input field for date and time:

To End time of unsteady state calculation. Is currently automatically changed using the selected calculation duration. Duration Calculation duration of unsteady state network calculation Calculation step size Step size for the thermal hydraulic calculation steps. A smaller time step size usually leads to a somewhat higher accuracy of the calculation results; however also to a higher calculating time as well as a larger data set of calculation results. Default step size Step size for the calculation defaults. The temporal defaults for a feeder, load prognosis etc. are subsequently entered in this selected time step size.

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Report center

Selection default time


The time for the current calculation defaults can be selected on the tabs pressure maintenance, regulation, feeders, load prognosis and barriers. The time is usually set in hours starting from the beginning of calculation in the selected calculation step size. The last value is the selected calculation duration less the calculation step size, since calculation defaults would no longer be effective on the last calculation time:

Report center
Serves to produce, display and print sisHYD reports.

Report list All usable reports for the current project and the current calculation are displayed in a tree view. If active calculation has current results, then when the window is open, the 1st. report of the report list, the summary, is displayed. The lists of all reports are in the site directory of the sisHYD installation in the file settings.xml in the section ReportItems, the report definitions used in the reports in the section ReportDefinitions.

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Report center

Print Opens the printing menu of the report center. Enables the current report or the sisHYD standard report to be printed. The following entries are available:
Menu text Current view Entire report Standard report Function Prints the displayed lines of the current report Prints entire current report Prints the sisHYD standard report.

Navigation bar Enables navigation through larger data quantities of an overview report. The number of rows displayed can be set on the right next to the navigation arrow. This number is used also when printing as number of rows per page. Max. Change the maximum number of entries for a currently displayed min/max report here. A maximum number of result lines are preconfigured in the report list for min/max reports. Output The option menu lists all available output options for sisHYD. The following options can be selected:
Menu text XML ... HTML ... CSV... Excel Standard report to Excel Function The contents of the current report can be saved as an XML file. The contents of the current report can be saved as an HTML file. The contents of the current report can be saved as a CSV file (ASCII file with semicolon as separator). Transfers the contents of the current report to a spreadsheet program (see Output to Excel on page 257). Transfers a standard report to a spreadsheet program (see Output to Excel on page 257).

The output of the result files takes place in the report directory of the current calculation (subdirectory Report2007\Calculation number under the current project folder). The file name is made up of the report name and the time step number (at present always 1) as well as the file ending of of the selected output option (.xml/.htm/.csv). Selection The selection list selection contains all selection available in the current project. If in this selection list a selection is selected, then the current report is only executed on all objects contained in the selection. Thus the report analysis can be limited with large networks to a clearer quantity of data.

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Report Designer

Status bar The name of the calculation result as well as the calculation status, to which the report refers, is displayed in the status bar. See Results on on page 102.

Report Designer
The Report Designer serves to configure the tree view of reports, the supply of lists for output and the draft of report components.

The Designer window is split. On the left side there are tree views on the 3 functional areas of reports, pressures and components. On the right side the tree view settings are made for a selected entry. Symbol bar The symbol bar provides the commands new, copy, delete, for the respective configuration category. Additionally, the factory delivered standard reports can be transferred to your own configuration. Reports Shows a tree of all reports, as appears later in the tree view of the report center. In contrast to the report center this list is not filtered, i.e. reports on the categories gas and water, which are filtered out in a long-distance heating project, are displayed. Print A list of the printable report lists indicates. Each report list consists of a list of single reports (from the functional area of reports).

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Report Designer

Components Displays a tree view of sisHYD object types which evaluations are available for. Designated report components can be created under each object type. A component defines the object characteristics to be evaluated which later become visible as report columns visible. Properties page Displays a table of properties of the selected entry of the tree view. The list of properties varies depending on the type of object selected. For example if a group is selected from the tree view of the reports, the properties page is empty. Properties representing in the illustration are displayed for a report.

Reports
The tree view has a context menu for configuring the tree.

Entries can be moved within the tree drag & drop. On the properties page the properties for the currently selected report are displayed:

The following characteristics can be stopped or modified: Report Here the report building block for the current report from a swinging out list of the available report building blocks can be selected.

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Report Designer

Type of report Selection of the type the report: Completely: Report for all objects or all objects of the selected selection of the appropriate object type, Max: on a given number at entries limited report descending sorts according to a sort attribute, Min: on a given number at entries limited report ascending sorts according to a sort attribute, Time series: only for intermittent calculations. Number of series For the types of report Max and Min the max. number at objects can be stopped. Sort column Report attribute for the assortment of the report. Sort direction Sort direction (ascending or descending) for the sort column. For Max and min reports the assortment is already determined and cannot not be modified here. Title Heading for the report. Thus the report title of the report building block can be overwritten. File name File name for the export of the report. Category filter All characteristics of this category limit the visibility of the report the report center. Section The visibility of the report limits to the selected section. If from the opening by hinges list the entry long-distance heating is selected, then the report for gas or WATER projects in the report center is not displayed. Medium Limits the report to a certain medium. Thus reports can be limited to a certain medium limit e.g. in order long-distance heating reports to cooling water or water vapor. Number of leaders Limits the report to a network type (1-conductor/2-conductor or 3-conductor). Network position Limits the report to the objects of the selected network position.

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Report Designer

All ladder On long-distance heating reports, in which this option is activated, on symmetrical objects (nodes or pipes) all report attributes up to name for each network position are output. Thus is possible a more compact result overview for multi-conductor system (2-conductor or 3-conductor). All objects If this option is set, also not calculated objects in the report result with are output.

Print
Serves to configure lists for the production of report collections. The following characteristics can be set or modified in the properties window:

Reports The list of the selected reports for the printing report list indicates. The column selection dialog is opened by the button .

Over the arrow keys the desired reports for the printing report list can be selected and by means of pinpoint on and arrow the sequence of the reports to be changed off.

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Report Designer

With result summary Option for the printing report list whether the summary is to be contained of the calculation as the 1st report of the report list. Lines per page Number of lines of page per which can be output printed.

Components

Report components are created, copied and deleted using the context menu of the tree view. Additionally the components can be renamed (or click on the names). Column selection In the property list the editor for the column selection is in the category general. Hereby the columns and their sequence for the component can be set.

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Report Designer

The column selection dialog is opened by the button .

Using the arrow keys, the desired characteristics can be selected and the sequence changed with arrow up and arrow down.

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The menu Drawing provides functions for editing the network sketch. The functions range from the construction and extension of the network, via interactive access to configuration and result data, to the configuration of the information represented in the design. All work carried out on the network sketch is done with graphic tools.

Task: Open/close viewports sisHYD tasks Toolbox for drawing templates Toolbox for results Toolbox for access to sisHYD settings Toolbox for object search Open all toolboxes Close all toolboxes Edit selections Edit/create profile plot Show/hide task navigation Switch object tracking in the graphic on/off Show/hide basic map

Selection from the menu Drawing: Open/close view (page 119) Toolboxes > Drawing Templates (page 141) Toolboxes > Drawing Templates (page 141) Toolboxes > Results (page 140) Tool boxes > sisHYD settings (page 148) Toolboxes > Search (page 150) Open toolboxes (page 139) Close toolboxes (page 139) Selections (page 150) Profile plot (page 152) Tasks (page 149) Object tracking (page 149) Display basic maps (page 149)

Open/close view
Offers the MicroStation menu with which individual views or the view toolbox can be opened or closed.

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sisHYD tasks

sisHYD tasks
The sishyd tools are reached using the MicroStation task list. The following tools are found under the sisHYD categories:
Step: Selection of the tools

Create a new node (including division of tubing watering gene) Create a pipe that is defined by the initial node, the inflexion points in the pipe process and the end node Create a pump which is defined by the initial and end node Create a valve which is defined by the initial and end node Create a servicer including return advances and return Create a consumer

Create node (page 123)

Create Pipe (page 124)

Create pump (page 126)

Create valve (page 127)

Create Supply (page 129)

Create consumer (page 129) Create a customer Create customer (page 130) A path for that to profile-plot create

Create Profile path (page 130)

Show configuration data of a network element Shifts a node

Object process (page 134)

Move nodes (page 134) Shifts an inflection point or adds one Deletes an inflection point Delete inflexion point (page 136) Combines pipes of same pipe class

Move inflexion point (page 135)

Join pipes (page 137)

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sisHYD tasks

Step: An item deletes

Selection of the tools Delete object (page 137)

The network shifts (or the fence contents) Transforms the network (if necessary fence contents)

Move network (page 131)

Transform network (page 132)

All nodes transfer to the active selection Transfers all pipes to the active selection Transfers all pumps to the active selection Transfers all valves to the active selection All a feeders transfer to the active selection All consumers undertake to transfer to the selection All customers transfer to the active selection Transfers all network objects to the selection Transfers all objects selected in the diagram to the active selection

Select all nodes (page 139)

Select all pipes (page 139)

Select all pumps (page 139)

Select all valves (page 139)

Select all feeders (page 139)

Select all consumers (page 139)

Select all customers (page 139)

Select all network objects (page 139)

Select Objects from MicroStation Selection Set (page 139)

Transfers individual objects from the diagram to the active selection Opens the dialog selection

Select Individual objects (page 139)

Open Dialog Selection (page 139)

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Tools for network construction

Tools for network construction


Before you begin with the interactive construction of the network, it is best to have completed the data input of pipe classes, pump and valve types and/or to load these data into the system using a standard project. See Import > sisHYD archives on page 28 or importing piping class catalogs from Microsoft Excel.

General notes
The instruction for network construction permit a flexible control to their operation way over the allocation function adjustments. Some these adjustments repetitive in the different creating commands are used and are first described here.

Function adjustments
The instruction for network construction permit a flexible control to their operation way over the allocation function adjustments. Some these adjustments repetitive in the different creating commands are used and are first described here. Mode Determines like the connection nodes to be treated to be supposed:
Mode Line divide Effect The most flexible adjustment for the command. It causes, which nodes can be selected or new nodes are created. With click on a line, this is isolated in the met place, a new node is inserted and this node as starting nodes of the item is used. If the first mouse click does not meet a node, a new node is produced. The same is valid for the selection/creation of the end node. Either a node from the diagram is selected or a new node is created. Required that nodes are available already. The network item can be attached only to available nodes.

If necessary create nodes Available nodes

Update pipe lengths Calculates the length of the pipes from the 3D process of the drawing, concerned by the instruction. Node | Servicer Permits the proposal of an object name in place of the automatic generation. This option is typically available whenever the name of several created objects is used. If suggested name should be already assigned, generate and use sisHYD a unique name.

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Create node

Forbid multiple connections With this option it can be prevented that several objects of same type at a node are attached. The command then forbids the selection of the network node and displays the reason in the tool tip.

Data record collecting mains


During the construction of new objects an existing data record of the same type serves as collecting main. sisHYD always uses the data record displayed last in the actual data dialog. If the data record should be deleted meanwhile, the firstbest data record of the object type is used. From the collecting main practically all information, those will be contributed not over the construction undertaken. From the construction length, linkage with at the beginning of and end nodes always results.

Creation of items
The creation of network items permits it necessary nodes of instructs with create to let and if necessary even lines to divide. During the pipe division a node at the necessary network positions is produced.

Create node
Designed in the drawing a node by input of the node coordinate.

The common function settings are described under Function adjustments on page 122. Line division permit A node on a line placed leads this adjustment to the line division. To isolate otherwise the node created without the line. Lengths of the isolated lines according to the division ratio one determines, i.e. contrary to the new creation of pipings length is not calculated again from the diagram.

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Create Pipe

In order to create a new network node, you must carry out the following steps:
1. In the toolbox Network construction, select the function Place nodes. 2. Click on the node coordinate in the drawing.

3. If the node dialog is opened, the display is changed on the created data record

and is available for handling. If you placed the node in a flow design, SISHYD always creates a flow node, even if in the data set last displayed, the flow was not activated. The marker field position for return and KLB leader is transferred. See configuration dialog Node on page 48.

Create Pipe
Design a pipe in the drawing by indicating starting nodes, inflection points and end nodes.

The common function settings are described under Function adjustments on page 122. Next point Determines, which is executed internal message with input of the next data point. The specified command key permits without explicit selection for next point directed additional nodes to produce for nodes + consumers or nodes + customers:
Next point Inflection point Node Consumer Customer Effect Creates an inflection point Creates the end node Consumer creates the end node Creates the end node + customers CTRL Ctrl+Alt Ctrl+Shift Command key

End nodes as new start nodes use This option permits the continuous construction to a route. The end node of the pipe placed before becomes the new starting at the beginning of the next pipe. The sequential pipe construction is terminated by start new command or through printing of the RESET key.

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Create Pipe

In order to create a new pipe, carry out the following steps:


1. In the toolbox Network construction, select the function create pipe. 2. Click on the initial nodes for the pipe in the design.

3. Draw the pipe process. With each further click an inflection point for the process is

inserted.

By pressing the reset key (right mouse button) the inflexion point last set is removed. In the status line sisHYD shows the current pipe length in main coordinates and the x/y coordinate under the mouse cursor.

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Create pump
4. Click on the desired end nodes to finish the construction of the pipe. If the mouse

cursor is on a possible end node, it is highlighted.

The pipe name is formed from the name of the initial and end node connected by a hyphen. If a network element of the same name already exists, SISHYD generates a unique pipe name. attention is construction of W Specialmarking fieldappropriate with positions whereasymmetrical networks. As soon as the for the network the pipe is created is switched off, the following pipe is also created at the given positions. sisHYD determines whether the pipe can be created at the desired positions according to the initial and end nodes. See configuration dialog Pipes on page 52.

Create pump
Designs a pump by selection of at the beginning of and end nodes in the drawing.

Mode In addition to the modes specified under common function settings (see Mode on page 126) the following possibilities are available for the pump construction:
Mode From the return to the advance Effect Creates the pump between advance and return, with start nodes in the return. In this mode is enough the selection nodes, in order to create the pump. In long-distance heating three-conductor networks must be selected as link nodes of the advance or KLB nodes. Creates the pump between advance and return, with start nodes in the advance. In this mode is enough the selection nodes, in order to create the pump. In long-distance heating three-conductor networks must be selected as link nodes of the advance or KLB nodes.

From the advance to the return

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Create valve

In order to create a new pump, carry out the following steps:


1. In the toolbox Network construction, select the function create pump. 2. Click on the initial nodes of the pump.

3. Move the mouse cursor to the end node. The pump symbol is displayed under the

mouse cursor.
4. Click on the end nodes of the pump.

See configuration dialog Pumps on page 60.

Create valve
The approach for constructing a valve is identical to the approach for constructing a pump.

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Create valve

Mode In addition to the modes specified under common function settings (see Mode on page 126) the following possibilities are available for the valve construction:
Mode From the return to the supply Effect Creates the valve between supply and return, with start nodes in the return. In this mode is enough the selection nodes, in order to create the valve. In long-distance heating three-conductor networks must be selected as link nodes of the advance or KLB nodes. Creates the valve between advance and return, with start nodes in the advance. In this mode is enough the selection nodes, in order to create the valve. In long-distance heating three-conductor networks must be selected as link nodes of the supply or KLB nodes.

From the supply to the return

In order to create a new valve, carry out the following steps:


1. Click on the initial nodes of the valve.

2. Click on the end nodes of the valve to complete the construction.

See configuration dialog Valves on page 57.

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Create Supply

Create Supply
Serves the construction of servicers including the network pumps in the station on the servicers pre and/or return page.

The common function adjustments are described under Function adjustments on page 122. Pump Together with a feeder the pumps in the station can be created. The following possibilities are available:
Pump Without With advance pump With return pump Effect Creates an a feeder. Creates an a feeder with advance pump. Creates an a feeder with return pump.

With return advance and return Creates an a feeder with return advance and return.

In order to create a new feeder, you must carry out the following steps:
1. In the toolbox Network construction, select the function place a feeder. 2. Click on the nodes onto which the feeder is to be installed.

For long-distance heating and remote cooling networks is the node is selectable only if it exists in advance and return or in the KLB and return. Otherwise a prohibition character is displayed. The tool hint describes the cause of the refusal. In long-distance heating three-conductor networks an advance or a KLB node must be selected, since the return node results automatically. With installation with pumps sisHYD the necessary nodes create between a feeders and pump. As node name the name the link nodes extended by the appendage of the P is assigned, if name is not already assigned. See configuration dialogs Feeder on page 63 and Pumps on page 60.

Create consumer

The common function settings are described under Function adjustments on page 122.

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Create customer

In order to create a new consumer, carry out the following steps:


1. In the toolbox Network construction, select the function create consumer. 2. Click on the desired consumer nodes and sisHYD creates a new consumer at

this node. For the long-distance heating/remote cold weather is valid: a node is only selectable if it exists in flow and return and/or in KLB and return as a pair of nodes. If this symmetry condition is broken, a prohibition sign with a corresponding tooltip is displayed. See configuration dialog Consumer on page 66.

Create customer
With the command customers are attached to a node.

The common function settings are described under Function adjustments on page 122. The customer possesses the data administration contrary to the consumer more input fields and is supported by import/export after Microsoft Excel. Customer data is combined automatically through sisHYD into consumers. In order to create a new customer, carry out the following steps:
1. In the toolbox Network construction, select the function customer. 2. Click on the nodes onto which the customer is to be installed.

For the long-distance heating/remote cold weather is valid: a node is only selectable if it exists in flow and return and/or in KLB and return as a pair of nodes. If this symmetry condition is broken, a prohibition sign with a corresponding tooltip is displayed. See configuration dialog Customer on page 70.

Create Profile path


sisHYD displays the progress of a size result of the full length along a path by the network in the profile-plot. The necessary paths are determined with this tool by selecting initial, (intermediate) and end nodes.

The create button is activated as soon as a valid path is available.

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Move network

In order to create a new profile path, carry out the following steps:
1. In the toolbox Network editing, select the configuration data function create profile path. 2. Click on the initial nodes of the path.

3. Click on the desired subnode(s) of the path. sisHYD automatically looks up the

shortest way (regarding number of items) from the last node input to the selected node

4. Click on the button Create in the function settings to create the path with the

desired name.

Move network
Serves the shift of the entire network or if a fence is defined the shift of the objects within the fence to a new position.

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Transform network

In order to shift the network, you would drive through the following work procedures:
1. In the tool box sisHYD transformation, select the function shift network. 2. Select a point of origin in the output design with the data key.

3. Select the corresponding goal with the data key.

4. sisHYD displays the move parameters and asks the security question about the

move.

If a fence is set, the transformation only takes place for sisHYD objects within the fence.

Transform network
Transforms the entire network or the objects in the fence if a fence is defined. The transformation includes the scaling and rotation of the network (in mathematical terms it is a linear affine transformation according to Helmert).

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Transform network

In order to transform the network, you would drive through the following work procedures:
1. In the tool box sisHYD transformation, select the function transform network. 2. Select a point of origin in the output design with the data key.

3. Select the corresponding goal with the data key.

4. Repeat the steps 2 and 3, until you have inputted at least 3 pairs of points and

cancel inputting points with the reset key.

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Object process
5. sisHYD lists the pairs of points in the message window and asks whether the

transformation with the given parameters is to take place.

Object process
This also enables you to access the technical data of a network element using the design. The tools can be used both in the network representation and in profile plots.

Indicate preferentially Permits the announcement of attached items, which are overlaid typically by the node. In order to access the configuration data of a network element, carry out the following steps:
1. In the toolbox Network editing, select the functionconfiguration data. 2. Click on the desired network element in the design and sisHYD opens the associated

configuration dialog.

Move nodes
Serves to move individual nodes. To move the whole network or network areas, select Move network on page 131.

Mode Determines like the connection nodes to be treated to be supposed:


Mode Pure shift Pipe split Nodes combine Effect The function limits to a pure shift of the selected node. Placing on a pipe leads to the division of the pipe. CTRL The moved nodes one resolves and one ties up the Ctrl+Alt items connected with it to the target node.

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Move inflexion point

Update pipe length Calculates the length of the shift pipes concerned again from the 3D process of the drawing. In order to move an node, carry out the following steps:
1. In the toolbox sisHYD modification, select the function move nodes. 2. Select the desired nodes with the data key.

3. Move the node to the desired new position and set the nodes in the new position

with the data key.

Move inflexion point


Serves to move inflexion points in pipes and/or to insert new inflexion points into pipes.

In order to move an inflexion point, carry out the following steps:


1. In the toolbox Network modification, select the function move inflexion point. 2. Remove the marker from the field automatically insert inflexion point in the function

settings in order to avoid inadvertently inserting inflexion points.

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Delete inflexion point
3. Click on an existing inflexion point with the data key.

4. Move the mouse (with the inflexion point under the cursor) to the new position

and click again with the data key.

5. By click of the RESET slot you abort the command.

Delete inflexion point


Serves to remove inflexion points from pipe processes.

In order to remove an inflexion point from a piping, carry out the following steps:
1. In the toolbox Network construction, select the function Delete inflexion point. 2. Click on the desired inflexion point - the inflexion point must be within the snap

distance of the mouse, so that it is removed. When an inflexion points is deleted, the pipe length is not normally re-calculated by sisHYD. For the new calculation of the pipe length from the design, select the option in the function settings.

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Join pipes

Join pipes
Serves to divide a pipe in the network sketch. A new node at the division position is inserted. In order to join pipes, carry out the following steps:
1. In the toolbox Network construction, select the function join pipes. 2. Click on the node, which interconnects the two pipes.

The command permits excluding the selection of nodes, which with exactly 2 tubing watering gene in connection, whereby the pipes must possess the same pipe class.

Delete object
Removes a network element from the design and deletes the associated data from the database.

Delete node connections Mark this field, in order to delete all elements connected with the node, when it is deleted. If the node still has connections to elements, the deletion of the node is impossible. Security question Mark this field in order to receive a security question before deleting an object with the tool.

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Delete object

In order to delete a network element, carry out the following steps:


1. In the toolbox Network construction, select the function delete. 2. Move the mouse over the desired network element.

3. Click with the data key, in order to delete the highlighted object.

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Selections

Selections
Select all nodes All nodes select into the active sisHYD selection. Select all pipes Selects all pipings into the active sisHYD selection. Select all pumps Selects all pumps into the active sisHYD selection. Select all valves Selects all valves into the active sisHYD selection. Select all feeders All a feeders select into the active sisHYD selection. Select all consumers All consumers select into the active sisHYD selection. Select all customers All customers select into the active sisHYD selection. Select all network objects All nodes select into the active sisHYD selection. Select Objects from MicroStation Selection Set All nodes select into the active sisHYD selection. Select Individual objects A command starts for the selection of particulars from the diagram into the active sisHYD selection. Open Dialog Selection All nodes select into the active sisHYD selection.

Toolboxes
Using the submenu toolboxes, you can access all sisHYD toolboxes.

Open toolboxes
Opens all sisHYD toolboxes.

Close toolboxes
Closes all sisHYD toolboxes.

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Toolboxes > Results

Toolboxes > Results


The toolbox permits to quickly switch between existing calculation results for creating designs and profile representations. The result set here is displayed on the result tabs of the component dialogs.

Calculation The drop-down list contains the names of all network calculations. The calculation result displayed here is used for the production of graphics. The controlling of the result display using the dialog masks is also done using this toolbox. The drop-down list displays the description of the calculation next to the name of the calculation. sisHYD tooltip displays result represented by the W The tooltip title also always the namethe the associated calculation.graphic object. The shows of When the dialog static network calculation is open, the the selection in this box automatically follows the selected calculation name. Calculation time For unsteady state calculations the calculation time is selected here. The time lapsed since the start of the calculation is displayed. The drop-down list displays the full date next to the time elapsed since the start of the calculation. The field is greyed out if no time series are available. The condition is fulfilled without results for steady state and unsteady state calculations. Time series Starts the command to select an object (node or pipe) for which a time series is to be created. The function is only available with unsteady state calculations. The time series is created subject to the selected object and the information found. View Set here which view the time series is to be created in. Do not select an view in order to created a separate view group for the time series. Select one of the 8 views to assign the time series to a view in the sisHYD view group.

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Toolboxes > Drawing Templates

Toolboxes > Drawing Templates


The toolbox enables designs to be produced quickly from templates and pre-defined details to be navigated within designs.

Task: Allocation of models within the current view group Selection of a detail within a network sketch Select design template select and edit templates Displays the active template

Selection from the toolbox Design structure Drawing structure > Model allocation (page 141)

Design structure > Designated details (page 142)

Drawing structure > Design templates (page 143)

Creates a design on the basis of the template (for the currently selected calculation result)

Drawing structure > Model allocation


The model allocation makes it possible to view different models in the current view group. When creating new models, by default a view group is created with which up to 8 views are available for a model. Using model allocation it is also possible to view different network representations, diagrams and time series at the same time.

The configuration box permits the free allocation of the views for 1-8 to one of the existing design models. The assigned view is opened and/or closed by clicking the representation column.

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Toolboxes > Drawing Templates

Current view group The model allocation always refers to the current set view group (see Microstation documentation).

This toolbox is docked typically at the lower edge of the Microstation window and permits the creation and deleting of further user-defined view groups.

Design structure > Designated details


The navigator permits fast access to stored network details in the network representation and makes tools available to the create these details. This functionality shows its strength in particular with spatially expanded networks.

New Creates a new designated detail. Delete Deletes the currently selected detail from the list. Snapshot Photographs the set view as a navigator background picture. It is best to use a snapshot of the entire network area as a navigator background. Typically a geo-referenced digital basic map is used for it. The sisHYD network sketch is best for the entire network area - ideally the basic map - you create these from the relevant network area.

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Toolboxes > Drawing Templates

Detail List of the designated details which is also used to edit the detail names. View 1-8 View which the navigation/snapshot refers to.

Drawing structure > Design templates


Select the design template to create network sketches using the toolbox.

Import Enables the import of design templates from sisHYD 2005. The design templates of sisHYD V8i are stored centrally (and no longer) by project. New Creates a new template. Copy Creates a copy of the currently selected template. Delete Deletes the currently selected template from the list. The list enables multiple templates to be selected for deletion. Properties Opens the dialog mask for the configuration of the template. Here you select the graphic characteristics and text of the represented network objects. Create Creates a network sketch on the basis of the template selected here. The name of calculation with calculation time, as well as the name of the template form the name of the Microstation design model created. This compound name is part of the title viewport.

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Toolboxes > Drawing Templates

Template list
Column # Name Scale View Meaning Serial number of the template Name of the template. The test assigned here is a name component of the model created (network sketch). Scale in which the design is created. View in which the network sketch is to be represented. If one of the views 1-8 is set, the sisHYD view group is activated and the network sketch is represented in the selected view. Otherwise a new view group with the name of the network sketch is created and activated. In this new view group the network sketch is represented in all 8 views. Basic map Clash control Set the registered basic maps to the model after creating the graphic, when the field is marked. The design is created with clash control when the field is marked, i.e. overlapping network nodes are suppressed and reduced for one clean graphic output. A legend is also created when the field is marked. By default, the legend is placed in the top right next to the network graphic. The option is only effective in the category long-distance heating. In multi-leader networks, the diagram is extended by the asymmetrical objects of all network positions, when the field is marked. Thus wirings which are only on individual network positions become visible. Only calculated objects are represented when the field is marked. If the field is marked, but no calculation result available, the design remains empty!

Legend Advanced

Filter

Design template > Properties


With the Properties dialog you configure the graphical representation of the objects node and pipe. Text, color and line strength are specified for the objects.

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Toolboxes > Drawing Templates

Template Assign a name for the template here. The name should clearly differentiate tables from each other. Position For systems with several leaders, the network position is specified here for creating graphics. Only the objects which belong to the selected network position are represented. Category Select the type of object which is to be configured from the list. At present nodes and pipe are available. The selected object type specifies the possible settings in the configuration panel. Use style Objects without calculation results are shown with dashed lines in the graphic when the field is marked. Otherwise the representation uses full lines. Text The drop-down lists of the text display all characteristics attainable for an object. The properties are placed as text on the object in the displayed position. Contents of the lists vary depending on the type of network and medium. Color Property which, along with the following table, determines the color of the object in the diagram. For long-distance heating multi-leader networks, the characteristics are limited to the network position set. Table Reference to a designated color chart, which can be selected over the opening unfold list. The opening unfold list displays only color charts, which fit the selected characteristic for the color. For unit-afflicted sizes only tables are displayed, which were created with the same unit category. Over the button , the configuration dialog for the color chart is opened.

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Toolboxes > Drawing Templates

Line strength Property which, along with the following table, determines the line strength of the object in the diagram. For long-distance heating multi-leader networks, the characteristics are limited to the network position set. Table Reference to a designated line strength table, which can be selected over the opening unfold list. The opening unfold list displays only the line strength tables, which fit the selected characteristic for the line strength. For unit-afflicted sizes only tables are displayed, which were created with the same unit category. Over the button , the configuration dialog for the color chart is opened.

Configure attribute tables


Using this dialog, attribute tables, which are referenced in design configurations, are created, edited and deleted.

New Creates a new attribute table template in the selected context (color table or line strength table). Copy Creates a copy of the selected table. Delete Deletes the currently selected table, if it is not being used by design templates.

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Toolboxes > Drawing Templates

Insert Inserts a new row into the attribute table. The row automatically receives an unused color/line strength. A new row is produced in the table by pressing the insert button. Remove Removes the current series from the attribute table. For unit-afflicted tables more than two series must be available, so that this option is available. The last row is automatically maintained by the system and cannot also be removed. The selected row is removed from the table by pressing the erase button. Attribute table All attribute tables possess the three columns attribute, operator, value. The table determines the allocation of colors/line strengths for the defined values or value intervals.
Column Attribute Operator Value Meaning Displays the assigned color or line attribute. directly; with unit-afflicted tables smaller directly The numerical value up to which the assigned attribute value is used. The values must be entered in ascending order. The table defines an open interval.

Dependant on the data type of the function value, which is to be transferred in a color/a line strength, the following table types are available.
Data type Floating point number Integer Enumerating Logical value Character sequence Object reference The table displays all members to enumerating. Insert and delete operation omitted, the value is not capable for editing. Similar to enumerating for the values TRUE or FALSE. Text tables (page 148) offers additional possibilities to carry out the text comparison independently of upper/lower case and with wildcards. As value the complete list of well-known objects is available. Table configuration Unit bound tables (page 147) with additional options for setting the unit and whether the absolute value for the analysis is to be consulted.

Unit bound tables Unit Select from the drop down list the unit in which the numerical values of the table are represented. Absolute value Compares the absolute value of the objective criterion with the table entry, in order to determine the color/line strength. Some the results with signs are proven, in order to indicate the direction of flow, like e.g. the rate.

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Tool boxes > sisHYD settings

Text tables Ignore Upper/Lower case It determines whether the test comparison is to take place independently from upper and lower case. Mode Determines like the value one interprets literally like the value one interprets. 3 modes are available:
Mode Literally Wildscards Mode of operation Complete text agreement The comparison text may do the two wildcard characters * and? contain in any combination/number. Is? for exactly any character, * of none to as many as desired characters. Example: The value *0? KMR* applies to the following character sequences: DN100-KMR DN1000KMR 0aKMR A regular printout supported by the .NET Framework. Hereby complicated patterns can be created.

Regular printout

Tool boxes > sisHYD settings


The following functions can be activated using the toolbox:

Object info
Drop down list for setting the desired object information for the info tool:

Bubble
Menu entry Object Results Meaning Shows the name of the highlighted network object Displays the names and the results of the highlighted network object and associated calculation

The object information refers to the object in the snap distance of the cursor.

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Tool boxes > sisHYD settings

Use this feature to access object information using the graphic, without having to open associated technical data dialog.

Tasks
Switches the MicroStation task navigation on/off.

Object tracking
Status indication for object tracking, with which object tracking is switched on/off. When switching off the emphasis is removed automatically from the diagram. The emphasis of objects always takes place in the model of the active view. The settings for object tracking are reached using the arrow of the drop down element:

Always Center in View If this field is marked, each object is represented in the center of the view, so the design detail of a view is moved. Otherwise sisHYD on switches the detail of the view if the object lies outside of the detail. If more than one object is involved in the emphasis, the centroid all objects of the enclosing rectangle is centered. Color 1, Weight1 The general color or line strength for emphases determines. Color 2, Weight 2 In the case of emphasis of several objects special objects with the additional color/line strength are marked. This option comes with selections and profile plots to carrying. Object tracking works hand in hand with the sisHYD dialog system. If object tracking is activated, each data set selection of network objects leads to the marking of the objects in the diagram. That is valid similarly for selections and profile plots. See Selections on page 150 and Profile plot on page 152.

Display basic maps


Switches the view of the basic maps on or off. The basic map appendix is not deleted from the design file, only the display is switched on or off. The menu option is only selectable if a basic map is present for the active model:
File > Map > Attach

See Set basic map on page 204.

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Toolboxes > Search

Switch to read-only mode


Status display for the read-only mode, which can be used to switch between readonly mode and the regular write mode. See Read-only mode on page 39. Symbol for write protection on the dialog masks in the menu components, regulation and network calculation. Symbol for unrestricted access and data change.

Toolboxes > Search


The toolbox enables to search for a network object using its name in the graphic. If the object exists in the network, the position in the graphic is marked with a circle.

Name Name of the network object which is to be located in the diagram. Search Starts the object search in the network and highlights it in the diagram, if found. The highlighting takes place in the view and with the settings of the Object tracking (page 149).

Selections
Dialog mask to display selections. Selections are a container for sisHYD objects.

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Selections

Menu > Selection Provides a number of selections replacing the current list with the objects matching the described criterion. Menu > Action Provides a number of predefined actions operating on the listed items exclusively. The action is restricted to object types in scope of the operation. E.g.: the update of pipe length will take all pipes of the selection into account but ignore any nodes or consumer. Name The name of the selection. Type 2 types of selections, the user-defined selection and the selection of profile paths exist. The respective type of selection is displayed and cannot not be changed. User-defined selections may take up any sisHYD objects, while selections for profile paths contain excluding nodes, which determine the way process by the network. Critical path This option is available only for selections of the type Profilplad. With selection of the option the path extends automatically of the calculation adjusted by the last node on the list for the critical node. The critical node distinguishes by the fact that the difference between necessary difference of pressure and actually available difference of pressure over the consumer is minimum.

p Difference = p Consumer p Min,Consumergroup

(8.15)

with W This means that the node node.the smallest difference of pressure does not have to be mandatory the critical Usually this condition ismet when all consumergroups request the same minimal differenential pressure. New Removes all selected objects from the list. Delete Removes the currently selected entries from the list. Invert Inverts the selection in the list.

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Profile plot

Previous object indicate Inverts the selection in the list. Selected object indicate Inverts the selection in the list. Next object indicate Inverts the selection in the list.

Union Inserts the objects in the fence to the selection list. Difference Removes all objects which are also in the fence from the selection list. Intersection Keeps only the objects which are also in the fence in the selection list.

List of the objects Lists all objects of the selection. The objects are provided with a serial number. For easier identification in the second column the appropriate object symbol is drawing. The list supports the multiple choice of objects. User-defined selections can be sorted over all columns. For profile paths the assortment is not available. The object dialog is opened by double clicking on a row. Objects can be moved within the list by drag & drop. Description Here 500 characters are available to comment on the selection. For generated selections sisHYD independently creates the comment and refers to the origin of the selection.

Profile plot
Opens the dialog box for the configuration and creation of profile plots.

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Profile plot

In profile plot a calculated size along a path in the network is plotted against the stretched length. Partial paths are captured with the configuration dialog and the axes and diagram layout are configured. The result is then for example the following profile-plot.

In a preparatory step, paths in the network are created with the path selection tool. A profile plot is then composed of these paths (path parts). Name The name of the profile plot. Create plot The profile plot is created by clicking on the button. The diagram is fitted into the desired design view after completion of the design, the potentially open view is brought to the front. View Select the view in which the diagram is to be represented. In order to create your own view group, do not assign an view number. Type of diagram For the profile plot the following diagram types are available:
Type of diagram Node result Pressure diagram Represents the long-distance heating pressure diagram. F This representational form is also the most complicated. As functions, the hydraulic pressure, the height profile and the steam pressure characteristic are drawn at the same time. The pressure at rest line can also be drawn in. See also Pressure charts on page 231. Intended purpose Section

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Profile plot

Type of diagram Pressure

Intended purpose

Section

Representation of the pressure over the distance. Depending FGW upon settings in the network data, absolute or manometric pressure is recorded Representation of the hydraulic pressure over the path distances. Representation of the node temperatures over the path distances. Representation of the difference of pressure between VL/RL (and KLB/RL in three-leader networks) over the path distances. Representation of the temperature difference between VL/RL F (and KLB/RL in three-leader networks) over the path distances. Representation of the area profile over the path distances. Representation of the supply time over the path distances. FW For this evaluation the appropriate switch must be set in the network calculation. Representation of the heat loss of pipes over the path distances. Representation of the heat loss of pipes over the path distances. Representation of the speed in pipings over the path distances. F F FW F

Hydr. pressure. Temperature Difference of pressure Temperature Height Supply time

Heat loss Spec. heat loss Element result Speed

Spec. pressure loss Representation of the spec. pressure loss of pipings over the path distance. For other object types (pump, valve,) the value 0 is recorded. Inside diameter Representation of the piping inside diameter over the path distances. For other object types (pump, valve,) the value 0 is recorded. Representation of the mass flow over the path distances

Mass flow

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Paths Tab

Paths Tab

Paths in the diagram The list displays all paths which the profile plot is made up of. The single paths listed here are linked to each other. The interconnect point is always a supporting node in the selections. All paths displayed in the diagram were previously selected and named with the path selection tool in the diagram. In the column Selection, the names of the paths which the diagram is made up of are specified. In the column Direction the orientation of the individual path in the diagram concerning the axis length is specified. The path is drawn from the interconnect point in positive direction, if the blue arrow points to the right . The path is drawn from the interconnect point in negative direction, if the red arrow points to the left . By double clicking in the column, the orientation changes.

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Paths Tab

The text axis on which the node names of the paths are given is named in the column Text. In the column selection, the symbol displayed gives information about the condition the path in the network. The symbols have the following meaning:
Symbol Meaning The path was found in the network and is represented in the diagram. This symbol also appears, if no results were calculated but that path exists in principle. The path from the initial to the end node over the subnodes was not formed and the path is not represented. Possible causes: The path is locked and is not available for current calculation. The path is no longer valid because less than 2 nodes are present. The path was interrupted by constructional changes. The path is not formed because the parent path is invalid. The path is not represented.

The first path in the list is always the main path which the length coordinate 0 begins with. All further paths are connecting paths to this main path. Figuratively it is similar to a growing tree, which can be branched freely. < Transfers the selected path selection from the list transfers connecting paths to the list paths in the diagram. When it is transferred, the connecting path is connected to the named connecting nodes in the path selection in paths in the diagram. > Removes a path selection from the list paths in the diagram.

W All paths attached to this path selection are also removed.


Connecting paths List of the path selections, which have a common connecting node with the selected path from the path list (left list). The name of the connecting node is stated in the second column.

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Functions Tab

Functions Tab

Functions in the diagram The list shows all functions representable for the type of diagram. The function range depends on the number of leaders for the category long-distance heating. Functions The long name of the function is displayed in this column of the list. Show By double clicking in the cell, the functions status is switched between Display and Ignore. When the function is activated there is a check mark in the column. Style Name of the line style used for the function representation. One of the pre-defined styles can be selected by clicking in the column. In the next versions of sisHYD your own styles can be defined.

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Axes Tab

Axes Tab
Using the tab Axes, all properties of axes can be set.

Axes in the diagram The possible axes of a diagram are specified in this list - column name. In the column Show a check is shown if the axis is drawn in the diagram. The axis can be switched from Show to Hide by double clicking in the column. Different axes have been defined for different diagram forms. For each of these diagram forms 1 or several x and y axes exist. The following axes were defined:
Axis name Stretched length Node name-? Meaning Numeric axle with the length scale for the profile-plot. Text axes for representing node names along the paths. The min-max value of these axes is not adjustable and is transferred from the axis stretched length. Numerical axis on which the positive pressure of a node over terrain height, converted to height, is represented. The conversion takes place with the material data of the node, i.e. at local pressure and temperature. Is the absolute pressure at a node is plus the pressure due to terrain height related to 0 m. Terrain height is converted to an equivalent pressure height using average density. A density value of 970 kg/m is preset

Pressure height

Hydraulic pressure (abs)

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Axes Tab

Axis name Pressure at rest height

Meaning Is established from the information about the pressure maintenance from the network calculation and is the pressure height at the pressure maintenance node. During average pressure maintenance, the pressure heights of the two pressure maintenance nodes are weighted according to the average pressure factor. For the application of the node temperature. For the application of flow speeds in pipings. For the application of the mass flow.

Temperature Speed Mass flow

Axis attributes The properties of the axes are different for numerical and text axes. The following list shows first the properties of the numerical axes. Following that, the differences from text axes are described. In principle it is valid that fields without entry are automatically filled by sisHYD. The sisHYD automatism can be controlled with entries.
Property Range Minimum Maximum Main interval Auxiliary interval Formatting Styles Axis line Main interval Auxiliary interval Main grid network Line style for the axis line. Style for the scaling line of the main division. Style for the scaling line of the fine division. Style for the grid line within the diagram surface which represents an extension of the long scaling line - main division. The minimum value of the axis. The maximum value of the axis. Distance between marked main scaling lines. The numerical value must be greater than 0 and a multiple of the fine division. Distance of the short scaling lines from each other. The numerical value must be greater than 0. Names the number of decimal points for the text of the main division. Meaning

Auxiliary grid network Style for the grid line within the diagram surface, which represents an extension of the short scaling line - fine division. Text Axis title Text style for the text of the main scaling line. Text style for the title of the axis.

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Axes Tab

Property Dimensions/lengths Length Main interval line Length Auxiliary interval line Distance previous axis Distance Text Distance axis title Representation Axis reflect

Meaning Length of the scaling line with which the main interval is marked on the axis. Length of the scaling line with which the auxiliary interval is marked on the axis. Distance to the previous axis (if available). Distance between axis line and the text for the main interval. Distance of the axis title from the maximum value of the axis. Axis is drawn at the opposite edge of the axis framework. normal representation 1 2 Mirror axis divides the axes-range (red)

1 reflected representation Axis line Text Main interval Axis title Main interval line Main grid network

Draw axis line. This attribute is mostly set to no for text axes. Switches the output of text on the main division on or off. Draw/hide the axis designation. Draw/hide the scaling lines for the main interval. Draw/hide the auxiliary grid network aligned at the main interval line.

Auxiliary interval line Draw/hide the scaling lines for the auxiliary interval. Auxiliary grid network Draw/hide the auxiliary grid network aligned at the auxiliary interval line.

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Layout Tab

Layout Tab

Horizontal/vertical measurement Absolute width The absolute width of the horizontal and/or vertical measurement is entered to that of the diagram here. The pure length of abscissa and/or ordinates without text are to be considered. Scale to Unlike the absolute indication, the application can take place scaled to an axis in the diagram. The absolute height results thereby subject to the minimum and maximum value on the axis. Factor Information such as how many [mm] should assigned to a corresponding difference of size on the axis is required for scaled application. sisHYD calculates from it the necessary scale factor.

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Layout Tab

Legend position Origin Specifies the point of reference for the x-position and y-position values. The possible points of reference are the 4 corner points of the internal diagram surface - below left is the intersection of abscissa and ordinate. x-position Specifies the horizontal offset of the legend relative to the origin. Negative values move the legend to the left. y-position Specifies the vertical offset of the legend relative to the origin. Negative information moves the legend upwards. Draw legend Specifies whether the legend is drawn or ignored. mm grid network Create grid network Specifies whether a grid network is drawn into the diagram. The grid network always refers to the axes displayed under scale to. This option is only useful if a scaled application of the x and y axis is being worked with and the diagram has to be printed. Synchronize length coordinate The calculated path distances in flow, return (and KLB leaders) may differ. In this case, identical node positions are drawn in in the network at different positions on the length axis in the profile plot. When this option is selected, sisHYD synchronizes the positions with one another. For multi-leader systems of long-distance heating, paths in flow, return (and KLB leaders) are calculated. The selection of the path selection takes place however for exactly one of the possible leaders. sisHYD calculates the parallel paths in the further leaders. During this path calculation the actual pipe lengths are summed. Thus a different length coordinate can result for the node K1 in flow than for the node K1 in return. A further reason for different lengths are asymmetries in the network - e.g. installation of an pressure increase station in the return. sisHYD tries to bridge the unbalance by limited search with an alternative route. In this case the probability of different route distances is very high.

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Layout Tab

Length compensation K1V K1R 2m K2V K2R

Flow Return

1.5m K3R K4R

1.5m

K1V K1R

K3R/K4R

K2V

K2R

Length

In the constellation illustrated a distance of 2m is calculated for flow (red) and a length of 3m for the return (blue). The synchronisation works in such a way that it is balanced linearly within the section (turquoise). Therefore for the node K3 the result is:

2m 2 K 3R,interpolated = K 3R ------- = 1, 5m -- = 1m 3m 3
The pump has a length of 0m, thus the coordinate of K4R is identical to the coordinates of K3R. Search depth for bypasses The search depth for the calculation of alternative routes is limited in order to receive only meaningful bypasses. The numerical value entered here specifies how like many corners the search may result in. For the example in the previous illustration, the search depth must be set to 3, so that the alternate route from node K1R via the pump to the node K2R is permitted.

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Layout Tab

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The menu Settings


All system settings, valid for all categories, are found in the settings menu. This includes setting and converting units which the dialog system works, configuring an attached digitizing board and setting default dataset abbreviations to generate new dataset names.

Task: Units Set prefixes for generated dataset names

Selection from the menu Settings: Unit groups (page 165) Dataset abbreviation (page 166)

Unit groups
The units for data input and presentation of results in graphics and reports is set centrally using this dialog mask.

configuration W The systemprojects. requires that all sisHYD dialogs are closed. The configuration affects all

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Dataset abbreviation

List of the unit groups The names of all unit groups are listed here. For each group the unit and formatting can be set. Optionally a minimum and a maximum value can be set for input fields so that plausibility can be checked during input. OK Ends the dialog and transfers the changes to the overall configuration file. Cancel Ends the dialog and rejects the changes made.

Dataset abbreviation
With this settings box you set name prefixes for the generated dataset names.

Prefix Enter the prefix here that is to be placed before a generated name. short prefixes wherever possible from one to two letters; numbers W Usethere is the danger of a clash of names during progressive input. are possible, but Example: The prefix 1 leads to a name clash with the name of the first dataset formed of the prefix and the serial number of the dataset, 11, when the 11th dataset is generated. For this reason, (as a rule of thumb) the prefix should be always changed when renaming generated dataset names. Then names clashes are impossible. Format Determines whether and how many zeros of the assigned record number are pre-set.

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The menu Windows


The window menu is identical to the Microstation menu of the same name. Here functions for direct access to dialog masks and their ordering are stored. Additionally control functions for opening and closing design views are stored here.

Task: Show dialog mask for opening/closing views Open/close a view directly Show all open viewports overlapping Arrange view windows next to each other Use full Microstation window with viewport Displays the control members in the view window Switch scrollbars on/off Bring open windows to the front Brings a window to the front that is not being run in the window menu

Selection from the menu Windows: Open/close > Dialog (page 167) Open/close > <view number> (page 167) Overlapping (page 167) Next to each other (page 168) Arrange (page 168) View tool box (page 168) Scrollbars (page 168) Dynamic entries 1-9 (page 168) Further windows (page 168)

Open/close > Dialog


The tool box opens view groups.

Open/close > <view number>


Opens and/or closes views. The entries in the submenu are the numbers of the corresponding views. A filled marker field means that the corresponding view is open. In order to open or close a view, select the corresponding view number from the submenu. You can also close a view also by double clicking on the close button in the top left hand corner of the window.

Overlapping
Arranges the viewports overlapping.

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The menu Windows


Next to each other

Next to each other


Arranges the viewports next to each other.

Arrange
Arranges the viewports arrange so that the entire Microstation window is filled with the views.

Scrollbars
By selecting this menu entry, you switch the scrollbars in the viewports on or off. The function symbols for controlling the view are also located in the scrollbars. These symbols are also affected by the function.

View tool box


Switches the display on control elements for viewing in the view window on/off.

Dynamic entries 1-9


All opened dialog masks are added dynamically to the end of the window menu. By selecting a window in the menu, the selected window is brought to the front and receives the input focus.

Further windows
If more than 9 windows are open at the same time, the menu gains an entry more windows. By selecting the entry, a dialog mask with a list of all windows is opened. Select the desired window from the list and confirm with OK to bring the window to the front.

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sisHYD menu
The sisHYD menu is a self-contained a application which is responsible for the integration of sisHYD into the Microstation menu.

sisHYD
sisHYD projects are created and started using the menu. The menu also provides access to administrative tools without needing to start the sisHYD application.

New project.
Starts the sisHYD project assistant for creating new projects. See Start new project on page185.

Project administration.
Start sisHYD with Open project dialog. See Open project on page27.

Recently opened
Selecting a project from the list opens the project in sisHYD. If another project is active at the time of the selection, it is first closed. The menu is is a dynamic list of the users last 10 projects. The project last selected is at the top of the list. New projects automatically displace projects at the end of the list.

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sisHYD menu
All project folders

All project folders


Dynamically creates a menu from the configured project folders, from which sisHYD projects can be opened. Navigation takes place in a similar way to the project tree in the project manager.

Example projects
Permits the access on with sisHYD delivered project examples. The projects in a zipped form are part of the installation and are copied into the data directory by selecting the menu point install/update.

Printing preparation

Toolbox Opens the printPrep toolbox for fast access to templates for plot.

Edit templates Opens the design library of the templates for editing.

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Oracle

Oracle
Tools to use with an Oracle database.

Database first set-up


Opens a dialog to install the sisHYD database administration on the database server using SQLPLUS.

Database Database alias. For a local database instance the field can remain empty. SYS password Password for the SYS account. The SYS password is not necessary with a local database if the user has administration rights. Temporary table space Name of the temporary table space. Default table space Name of the standard table space. Check Checks whether the sisHYD administration script is installed, by logging in as user sishyd_admin and determining the script version number. Install Installs (reinstalls) the sisHYD administrations script. End Ends the application.

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sisHYD menu
Oracle

Connection test
Starts a test program that checks connectivity to the Oracle database.

Ideally the the sisHYD administration script is already installed on the database so that the user sishyd_admin exists. Otherwise the user name and password of an existing user must be entered for the test. To operate sisHYD with database file instead of Oracle, the connection test is not necessary. Start tests Creates a connection to the database using the database providers Microsoft MSDAORA and OracleOLEDB.Oracle. If the connection is successful, the version of the database software is listed, otherwise an error message. Providers Lists the OLEDB providers found on the computer. The provider OraOLEDB.Oracle must be listed here!

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sisHYD menu
Oracle

Convert projects
Starts the converter to convert of sisHYD projects with data retention under Oracle. The converter is responsible for the conversion of sisHYD projects with data retention under Oracle to sisHYD projects with database file.

If the converter is started in the sis program menu, it automatically begins the search for sisHYD projects in the configured directories (paths in the Microstation environment variable sishyd_projects_dirs). If the converter from one is started in a sisHYD project, only that project is closed and only that project suggested for conversion. Add projects Permits the selection of a folder which is scanned for sisHYD projects. The search can be terminated by clicking on cancel. Found projects are listed and selected (released for conversion). Delete selection list Empties the list of the sisHYD projects found.

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sisHYD menu
Support meeting

Convert Starts the conversion for the selected projects. Only the projects which are selected in the project list are converted. Projects with outdated database schema are first saved with Oracle export before the Oracle database schema is updated. Finally they are migrated. The progress of the conversion work is documented in the message range and any problems are announced. When a project migration is complete, sisHYD archives are created which can be read by previous versions. If a project is successfully converted, it is removed from the list. The conversion can be terminated by clicking on the cancel button. Cancel Button to cancel of a started background process (search, conversion).

Support meeting
Click here to participate in a support meeting within your software support for sisHYD. The support team will start the session and will offer you telephone support. During the meeting support has has access to your desktop or an application - the access is transparent and under your complete control.

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sisHYD menu
License management.

License management.
Starts Bentley license manager. As soon as the software is activated, the list displays the products available. Here the sisHYD variable licensed by you should be listed. In the example shown, 2 sisHYD licenses are listed. A license for sisHYD gas for max. 10,000 pipes and a license for sisHYD long-distance heating/gas/water for max. 10,000 pipes.

By means of the menu option Extras, reach you the product activation assistant which you use to activate the licensed program product by logging into the license server.

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sisHYD menu
sisHYD License Manager

sisHYD License Manager


Starts the sisHYD license manager.

The sisHYD license manager is only necessary if you want to administer different licenses regarding category and number of lines. The manager enables the targeted selection of a license for a computer/user. When starting sisHYD the preset license is used. The set license is stored in the computer user registry. The sisHYD splash screen displays the information on the preset license. If only one license entry is present, it is found automatically by sisHYD and registered as default. Update Updates the list. Select as default The license selected in the list is set as default for the user logged in on the local computer.

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The menu Help


Entries from the menu provide you with help in operating the program. They access the sisHYD on-line documentation and so receive information quickly on questions arising.

Task: Displays the table of contents of the on-line documentation Opens a search mask to search for help topics for a term Displays the help page that shows how help works Displays the ReadMe file Switch help tooltip on or off Product information dialog about sisHYD, hotline service and Internet sites

Selection from the menu Help: Contents (page 177) Search (page 178) Index (page 179) ReadMe (page 178) Help tooltip (page 179) About sisHYD (page 180)

Contents
Opens the help dialog and displays the table of contents.

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The menu Help


Search

Search
Opens the search mask of the help application. The search mask enables keywords to be input which are then searched for in the entire on-line document.

ReadMe

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Index

Index
Opens the on-line help with the help index.

Help tooltip
Switches the help tooltip on or off. These help texts appear on most dialog elements, when the cursor hovers over the dialog element for a moment.

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The menu Help


About sisHYD

About sisHYD
Shows general product information shows about sisHYD with the current version number of the installed program and the expiry date of the license.

Close Closes the mask.

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Assistant/Operational sequences
The manual section assistants - operational sequences describes the assistants made available by sisHYD, with which more complex settings on the system can also be queried in a simple way and securely set.

The following table shows the assistants used by sisHYD for certain tasks:
Task: Work led by assistant Switch project Start new project Import a previously saved version of the database Import a previous version of the sisHYD database saved with Oracle export Export the current version of the database for safeguarding purposes Export the current version of the database for safeguarding purposes in the Oracle exchange format Add background maps (vector graphics) Delete customer data and the associated generated consumers Import customer data from Excel into the data volume or update the consumer data with Excel information. Transfer piping class information for pipes from the results of a design calculation Examine length of pipes and correct if necessary Special tasks Create a profile plot Create profile plot (page 215) Convert projects (page 182) Start new project (page 185) Import sisHYD archives (page 190) sisHYD Oracle import (page 193) Archive sisHYD data volume (page 200) Export sisHYD Oracle (page 202) Also edited with:

Set basic map (page 204) Delete customers (page 207) Import/update customers from Excel (page 208)

Adopt designed pipes (page 213) Update pipe lengths (page 211)

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Open a sisHYD project

Convert projects
Open a sisHYD project
If a sisHYD project is opened with data storage in Oracle, sisHYD offers to automatically convert the project.

If the question is answered with no, the project opens as before and uses Oracle for the data storage. The question is not asked again for this project. If the question is answered with yes, the project is transferred to the project converter for conversion.

Project converter
The following converter exists For the conversion of sisHYD projects with data retention under Oracle to sisHYD projects with database file.

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Project converter

If the converter is started from a sisHYD project (File > Convert project), only that project is closed and only that project suggested for conversion. If the converter is started using the sis programs menu (Oracle > Convert projects), it automatically begins searching for sisHYD projects in the configured directories. The paths are defined by the Microstation variable sishyd_projects_dirs. Add projects Permits the selection of a folder which is scanned for sisHYD projects. The search can be terminated by clicking on cancel. Found projects are listed and selected (released for conversion). Delete selection list Empties the list of the sisHYD projects found. Convert Starts the conversion for the selected projects. The conversion takes places as follows: Only the projects which are selected in the project list are converted. Projects with outdated database schema are first saved with Oracle export before the Oracle database schema is updated. Finally they are migrated. The progress of the conversion work is documented in the message range and any problems are announced. When a project migration is finished, sisHYD archives are created which can be read by previous sisHYD versions. If a project is successfully converted, it is removed from the list. The conversion can be terminated by clicking on the cancel button. If errors arise during the conversion, the project remains intact and continues to use Oracle data storage - identifiable by the text [ORACLE] in the title bar of the application window. Cancel Button to terminate process started in the background background (search, conversion). Further remarks The Oracle data are not changed by the conversion, i.e. if unexpected errors should arise, the raw data is still available.

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Edit project

Edit project
When an sisHYD project is opened, a local copy of the database file is created. The copy is copied back into the project folder when the project is closed. When a project is opened, sisHYD creates a check file in the project folder, in which a session number, the login name of the user and the computer name are saved. During the project session, no other user can access the project as long as the file is in use.

The software works faster on the local database copy. The database file is located in the project directory under the name sishyd.sdb. The copy is stored on the local PC under local application data in the sub folder Bentley\sishyd\\{SessionID} and the copy is used. When the project is closed normally.

W This does not apply to projects with Oracle data storage.


Continuation after program crash
If the program crashes, the interrupted session is suggested the next time you choose Open project.

Select yes in order to continue the interrupted session. Thus you keep changes which made you before the crash. Select no to reject the last sessions changes. Select cancel if you do not want to open the project.

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Copy, save, pass on projects

Copy, save, pass on projects


The sisHYD project folder now contains all sisHYD data and can be copied with Windows Explorer.

W This does not apply to projects with Oracle data storage.


Start new project
sisHYD keeps all information and data which belong to a hydraulic network calculation together in the form of a project. The storage takes place in the so-called project directory and its subdirectories. A project consists of the following components:
1. Configuration files with the project settings and user settings for the project 2. Design file with the supervision of the network 3. Input and output files of network calculation 4. Reports for the evaluation of the data volume and of network calculations

Select project directory


The selection of the project directory begins with the assistant at the basis of sisHYD projects:

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Assistant/Operational sequences
Copy, save, pass on projects

Create a new subdirectory by entering the desired directory name pressing the OK button to confirm.

If the project already exists and should be overwritten, a security question is asked, which must be confirmed with yes.

The selection of the project directory is now complete. Press continue, so that the assistant continues to the next step. If there is already a sisHYD project in the selected directory that is another user has open, the assistant does not allow it to be overwritten.

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Copy, save, pass on projects

Set category
Specify which category the project is to be set up for. sisHYD makes a user interface available dependent on the category selected.

Remote heating network Prepares the network and the sisHYD sisHYD user interface to edit of long-distance heating networks. Type of network Specifies the number of leaders in the network. The selection between one, two and three-leader networks is possible Medium Here the remote heating medium is set. The selection is between hot water and steam. Remote cooling Prepares the network and the sisHYD user interface for the editing of remote cooling networks. Gas network, compressible medium Prepares the network and the sisHYD user interface for the editing of compressible media. Water network Prepares the network and the sisHYD user interface for the editing of potable water supply systems.

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Copy, save, pass on projects

Project information
A project contains various pieces information in the settings. The information on the project identification, the project title and the description can already be assigned you when create the project. To change further properties, see Open project on page 27.

allowed as text. The use of character is not possible W Almost any entries are in configuration files in whichthe # information is stored). (commentary symbols this Identification For identifying the project with any text. Title Is the project title which is displayed in the title bar of the Microstation main window. Description Serves to describe the project with additional key words.

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Copy, save, pass on projects

Settings

In this step the assistant presents a summary of the settings before the project creating is completed.

Create project

On this page you follow the steps of the creation process. The Finish button finishing can be activated as soon as the creation process is complete. If errors arise during the process, the cancel button is activated in order to leave the assistant.

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Assistant/Operational sequences
Copy, save, pass on projects

Import sisHYD archives


The import assistant leads through the possibilities of the sisHYD import.

Select import file

Import file Displays the name of the selected import file. The Continue button is only active if the selected file is a valid import archive. Otherwise the Continue button remains inactive. sisHYD examines archives contents for the file archivInfo from which the comment (if available) is also extracted and displayed. Comment Displays the comment which was previously entered in the selected import file when the project was saved. Continue Continue to the page on import range settings.

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Copy, save, pass on projects

Specify import range


The import file does not have to be completely imported by any means. It is possible to transfer the data selectively.

sisHYD grades the import range into 3 stages. With each stage less information from the import file is imported. Entire data volume Imports all information from the import file. If the file also contains result data, the result data are also imported. If the import file contains a data volume without results, this point is equivalent to data volume without results. Data volume without results Imports the configuration, network and calculation data, but no results. Only template data, no network objects Only imports the pipe classes, pump and valve types, consumer and organization groups, material values and additional resistances. With this kind of import the category must be set again. The result of the import is an almost empty project in which only the template data, which always stay the same, are present. This kind of import is selected typically after creation of a new project and saves the input of the template data.

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Copy, save, pass on projects

Delete data volume

Displays the progress of the deletion of the current data volume.

Import project
Displays the progress of the import of the saved project data. If the project comes from an older version of sisHYD, the data are checked following the import and converted for the current version.

Finish Informs sisHYD of the successful import of a project.

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sisHYD Oracle import

sisHYD Oracle import


Select import file

Import file Here the path and the name of the import file are set. sisHYD automatically selects the youngest *.prj file which is saved in the current sisHYD project directory. Continue The Continue button is only activated if the selected file is an Oracle dump.

Specify range of the import


The import file does not have to be completely imported by any means. It is possible to transfer the data selectively.

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sisHYD Oracle import

sisHYD grades the import range into 3 stages. With each stage less information from the import file is imported. Data volume (without results) Imports the configuration, network and calculation data. Only template data, no network objects Only imports the pipe classes, pump and valve types, consumer and organization groups, material values and additional resistances. With this kind of import the category must be set again. The result of the import is an almost empty project in which only the template data, which always stay the same, are present. This kind of import is selected typically after creation of a new project and saves the input of the template data.

Delete data volume


The assistant must remove current data contents from the project before the import. The progress of the clearing up action can be followed here.

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sisHYD Oracle import

Importing file

Oracle import started The assistant starts the Oracle import tool. After the start the actual data import by Oracle can be seen, as the process is activated on the Windows taskbar. Oracle import terminated Shows that the import of the data by Oracle is complete. Check and update data volume Depending on the project version of the import file and the import range, sisHYD implements examinations and conversions and/or uses standard settings. The completion display displays the progress of these steps. Finish Informs sisHYD of the successful import of a project.

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Assistant/Operational sequences
Combine projects

Combine projects
The assistant enables the transfer of whole projects or project components possible from an existing sisHYD project.

Select project

Project folder Select a previously saved snapshot file here, from which the project data are to be imported. Postfix The postfix is an abbreviation that is added to all data set names in case of a conflict. The postfix should be selected in such a way that name clashes can be safely resolved after combining. If this is not successful, sisHYD cancels combination process with an error message explaining this. The selected postfix also facilitates the identification of objects after the import.

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Combine projects

Settings for the import

Entire network By selecting this option, all network objects and template data are transferred. Template data If no network objects are to be imported, the assistant offers the possibility to only adopt the template data. The designated data are available as template data.

Import progress
Here the assistant displays the progress of the import preparations.

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Assistant/Operational sequences
Combine projects

Read project In the first step the selected source project is read. Only if the source project is error free (warnings are permitted) is combination possible. Combine project In the second step the read data are added to the active project and events logged during the process in a file. Combining the data works like this: The network of the active project is understood as the target network. By source network the network which was formed from the data of selected project files is understood. In this process the source network is a data copy independent of the original data, i.e. changes made here do not affect the original project. During the combination of the data the following rules apply:
1. Nodes, elements and customers are transferred from the source project to the

target project, as long as the object names are unique. If an object with the same name is found in the source and target network, the object in the source project is given a new name by adding the postfix. If this new name is not unique, the process cannot be continued.
2. Referenced types - these include zones, pipe classes, pump types, valve types,

special fittings, consumer groups and organization groups - are transferred from the source network to the target network if they are not known by name. If a type name is already present, all objects in the source network which use this type are moved to the existing type in the target network. Log Shows the log file with messages which were logged during the combination. In case of of errors, the log is opened automatically:

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Combine projects

Continue Starts saving the transferred objects in the database. It is possible to undo the changes by selecting Cancel. That button is only activated if the combination was successfully accomplished. Cancel Interrupts the assistant and removes all objects inserted from the source network from the target network.

Transfer to database

Here the assistant shows the progress of the actual data transfer. If during errors arise while the data is being saved in the database, the entire procedure is cancelled and the project does not contain added data.

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Assistant/Operational sequences
Archive sisHYD data volume

Archive sisHYD data volume


The assistant helps during the archiving of the sisHYD data volume. Its main operational area is the additional protection of the network data and calculation results.

Select export file

Export file The path and file name of the export file are displayed here. The path is preset by sisHYD in the current project directory with the file name export.zip. Comment As well as the the pure sisHYD data, further information on the version and this optional comment are stored in the export file. The comment can be any length. The import assistant displays this comment after selecting the import file. A detailed comment facilitates the identification of the secured data volume and the calculation cases contained in it.

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Assistant/Operational sequences
Archive sisHYD data volume

Specify the scope of the export

sisHYD grades the export range into 3 stages. With each stage less information is written to the export file. Entire data volume Exports all information into the export file including the calculation file with the result data and log files. Data volume without results Exports the configuration, network and calculation data, but no results. Only template data, no network objects Only exports the pipe classes, pump and valve types, consumer and organization groups, material values and additional resistances.

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Assistant/Operational sequences
Export sisHYD Oracle

Create export file

Finish Terminates the assistant after the export procedure is completed.

Export sisHYD Oracle


Create Oracle save

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Export sisHYD Oracle

Export file The path and file name of the Oracle export file are set here. As a pre-setting, sisHYD always selects the current project directory and uses as a file name export.prj. Version Oracle exports into binary different formats, which cannot be read by older versions, depending on the database version. Several export components can be installed for the database for this reason. The exchange format of the oldest database should therefore always be selected for data exchange with other users (the version of the oldest client software). With the option switch you select one of the installed Oracle export program components. Newer Oracle components might work more quickly but do not differ in the result of the export of data contents from older components.

Specify saving range

Data volume (without results) Exports the configuration, network and calculation data, but no results. From sisHYD 2007 onwards, the results are no longer stored in the database, so they are not covered by the database security tools. Select the sisHYD archives as storage medium if the results are also to be saved. Only template data, no network objects Only exports the pipe classes, pump and valve types, consumer and organization groups, material values and additional resistances.

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Assistant/Operational sequences
Export sisHYD Oracle

Carry out Oracle save

Finish Terminates the assistant after the export procedure is completed.

Set basic map


The assistant helps when setting basic maps in sisHYD projects. In particular when attaching the first basic map the assistant might change the sisHYD design settings, depending on the design information of the basic map (treatment of internal matters of the CAD system). The dissolution of the sisHYD design matches the dissolution of the basic map, just as the global origin of the design file does when the first basic map is set. There the design may only be in the correct position on the basic map after new drawing.

Select map

File name Displays the file name of the selected basic map.

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Export sisHYD Oracle

Selection Selects the basic map which is to be set in the design using a file selection box. The selection of the basic map always begins in the the sisHYD designs directory (subdirectory .\CAD of the project directory).

Settings for basic map

Color Mark the switch color to overwrite the color of the basic map design and select the desired color using the color selection field. The point of replacing the color is to recognize the hydraulically relevant information clearly. The basic map must not dominate and can by an also merge into the background when an even color is chosen. When setting color/line strength and kind of line sisHYD matches the level symbol to the reference file set as the basic map. Line strength Mark the switch line strength to overwrite the line strength of the basic map design and select the desired line strength using the option switch. Kind of line Mark the switch kind of line to overwrite the kind of line of the basic map design and select the desired kind of line using the option switch. Show all levels Mark the switch show all levels in order to make all the basic map objects visible, independent of the settings saved in the basic map. This setting is standard. In particular after DWG/DXF import of AutoCAD designs, the design setting remains as it is. This level allocation for the basic map can be fine-tuned later in the basic map settings using the MicroStation dialog.

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Export sisHYD Oracle

Finish Sets the selected basic map as reference file for the current sisHYD design. Cancel Cancels the assistant off without setting the basic map.

Extended settings

Use for all network views Mark the switch, if the basic map is to be automatically set with all network sketches created with the settings made here. The map can be removed again or hidden.

Finish

Finish Ends the assistant and informs sisHYD that the basic map has been set.

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Delete customers

Delete customers
Information page
The entry page informs you about the number of customers and generated consumers which are to be deleted.

Continue Moves to the next page of the assistant and starts the deletion process. Cancel Ends the assistant without carrying out the deletion. The customer data and generated consumers remain.

Delete customers
The assistant shows the progress of the delete operation here. The delete operation takes place with 3 commands in the database and the assistant marks the completed points.

Finish Ends the assistant and informs sisHYD that the customers and generated consumers have been removed.

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Import/update customers from Excel

Import/update customers from Excel


First page of the Excel import

Open standard customer list Click on the symbol to open the standard customer list in Microsoft Excel. The symbol cannot be selected if the standard customer master list does not exist. The standard customer list is filekunden.xls in the customer folder of the sisHYD project. Update customers Mark this field if you want to update the existing customer data with consumption values from the Excel spreadsheet. With this approach no customers are created and no customer allocations (node, consumer group, organization group) are changed. The function only updates the consumption values of existing customers, who are identified with their names. The names of W of the update!the customers listed in the Excel spreadsheet must be present in case

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Import/update customers from Excel

Transfer customers from Microsoft Excel

The assistant has found that customer data is already present in the project and now offers the choice of 2 procedures:
1. Replace. In this case the all customer data is removed before they are imported

again from the Excel spreadsheet.


2. Append. Keep the customer record and insert the customers from the Excel

spreadsheet into the customer record. The customer names in the Excel spreadsheet cannot occur in the record for the action to be carried out error free. Named range Use a named range to mark the region of your spreadsheet containing the customer data including the required header rows.

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Import/update customers from Excel

Read customer data from Excel

You can follow the progress of the transfer of the customer data from the Excel spreadsheet into the data record with the completion display. During this process warning and error messages will be placed as comments into the Excel spreadsheet cells causing the message.

Import finished

The assistant completed the import/update of customer data and successfully transferred it to the data volume. Finish Click on Finish in order to end the assistant.

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Update pipe lengths

sisHYD has already converted the customer data into consumers in the background. Cancel Cancel the assistant to leave to undo the import process.

Update pipe lengths


The assistant serves to examine and correct the pipe lengths in the project. It compares the entered pipe lengths and the length resulting from the pipe process. The evaluation of the comparison is offered as a HTML log.

Configure pipe length calculation

Only list pipes above threshold value If this field is marked, only pipes whose absolute difference is greater than the displayed minimum difference are logged when the examination occurs. The standard threshold value is 0.5 m. Use threshold value Mark this field in order to set the threshold value yourself. Minimum difference Threshold value for the absolute length difference above which a pipe is logged.

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Assistant/Operational sequences
Update pipe lengths

Check pipe lengths

Display log of the length comparison Opens the HTML log file and lists all pipes which are above the minimum difference in the length comparison. Apart from the absolute difference, the table shows the current and calculated pipe lengths.

Adopt calculated lengths Before sisHYD changes the lengths in the data volume and transfers the calculated lengths as new pipe lengths, this field must be marked.

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Adopt designed pipes

Update pipe lengths

The assistant displays the progress of the update of pipe lengths. Click on Finish in order to leave the assistant.

Adopt designed pipes


The assistant provides an overview of the design results and is responsible for the change of the pipe class allocation on the basis of the results.

First page

Click on Continue to import the suggested pipe dimensions and have them evaluated in an HTML report.

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Adopt designed pipes

Prepare a log of the sized pipes

Display evaluation of design results

Opens the HTML report with the evaluation of the design results. The evaluation refers exclusively to the pipes in scope. For these pipes the current pipe class and the pipe class suggested by calculation are confronted. The cell with the pipe class proposal is highlighted and marks the direction of the dimension change. The color is red for pipes that are too narrow, the color is green for pipes that are too far. Adopt suggested pipe classes in record Mark this field, in order to release the Continue button. Continue Starts the adoption of the determined pipe classes into the data volume.

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Create profile plot

Update pipe classes of the sized pipes

Log of the data transfer

The log displays the transferred pipes. Click on Finish to leave the assistant. The pipe class information in the data volume is now changed.

Create profile plot


With the 2003 release, sisHYD stores the profile plots permanently and enables a comprehensive configuration of the diagrams (Profile plot on page 152). Profile plots work through the network with previous recorded paths (Create Profile path on page 130). Network paths that have been recorded once are used for as many diagrams as required.

Introduction to use
sisHYD's Profile plots can be made up of as many partial paths connected to each other as required. For the usual application exactly one path from a starting to a target node (often from the feed point to a consumer) is evaluated in the diagram.

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Assistant/Operational sequences
Create profile plot

To store the desired network path:


1. Start the command create profile path.

2. Select the desired starting node in the network representation with the mouse.

3. Select the desired goal node from the network sketch with the mouse. sisHYD

determines the path to the target node and highlights all objects along the path.

4. Assign a name for the path and press the button >> Create >>.

If on critical path extend the option is selected, extends sisHYD the path during the analysis from the node selected last to the critical node of the adjusted calculation result. This option permits certain dynamics.

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Create profile plot
5. The input profile path can be edited with the dialog mask Selections. The selection

itself only contains the selected supporting nodes of the profile path.

To create a profile plot for the stored network path:


6. Open the profile plot dialog using Menu > Design Profile > Plot. 7. Create a new diagram using Context menu > New.

8. Move the path that has just been created from the list Connecting paths into the

list Paths in the diagram, by clicking the move button.

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Create profile plot
9. Create the diagram by clicking on the Create diagram button.

10.sisHYD opens the design view with the diagram and fits the diagram in into this view.

11.Leave the Profile plot dialog by clicking on the OK button, so that the selected

path and if necessary further settings are stored!

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Fundamentals of hydraulic calculation


In the following the fundamentals of the thermal hydraulic calculation method in sisHYD are described.

Pressure loss calculation


Piping The connection between difference of pressure p und mass flow m can be described by the Darcy-Weisbach flow law (see [6]): p = m m r g h
The pipe constant r is given by (14.1)

1 l 8 - - r = ------------ ---- -- R + zus 2 d4 d

(14.2)

The entire decrease of pressure between pipe entry and pipe exits is made up of the decrease of pressure of a straight pipe, which is described with the help of the friction in pipe number R and the decrease of pressure by additional resistances such as elbows, narrowings and branches. These additional resistances are described by the coefficients of drag . These are empirically determined values which can be inferred from appropriate tables (e.g. [2]) The friction in pipe number R depends on the flow form present in the pipe and is calculated with laminar current (the flow characterizing Reynolds number Re is smaller than 2300) according to Gl. 14.3 (Hagen-Poiseuille):

64 R = -----Re 12,51 kd --------- = 2 lg --------------------- + --------- Re 3,71 R R

(14.3)

in transition and turbulent flow range according to the formula of Prandtl-Colebrook: (14.4)

The unsteadiness of the flow equation with Re ^ 2300 (the transition between laminar = and turbulent or between Gl. 14.3 on page 219 and Gl. 14.4) is eliminated by linear interpolation within the range Re = 2000 to Re = 3000 in accordance with:

Re 2000 RI ( Re ) = ( Rtu ( 3000 ) Rla ( 2000 ) ) ------------------------ + Rla ( 2000 ) : 1000 Re [ 2000, 3000 ]
The miscalculation arising with it is negligible for total hydraulics.

(14.5)

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Pumps

Pumps
Since in remote heating and water nets speed adjusted centrifugal pumps are predominantly used as pressure increase or circulation pumps, the modelling is limited to this pump type. The pressure increase of a centrifugal pump is a function of the pumped mass flow m and the number of revolutions n. The following picture shows the set of characteristics of a speed adjusted centrifugal pump.

1,0 1.0

0,8 0.8

0,6 0.6 /0 p/p0 Efficiency 0,4 0.4

0,2 0.2

n/n0 = 0.31 n/n0 = 0.66 n/n0 = 1,00 0,2 0.2 0,4 0.4 0,6 0.6
m m0

0,0 0.0 0,0 0.0

0,8 0.8

1,0 1.0

1,2 1.2

Operational ranges and efficiencies of a centrifugal pump at different numbers of revolutions

It is appropriate to represent the characteristic of a centrifugal pump at a given number of revolutions n as a polynomial of 2nd order:
2

p =

ai ( n ) mi
i=0

(14.6)

The polynomial coefficients ai depend on the speed of revolution. Using the affinity law, according to [4], the dependence of the polynomial coefficients on the number of revolutions can be described by Gl. 14.7 on page 220:

n- 2 i a i = a i ( n 0 ) ---- n 0

(14.7)

Here n0 is a given number of revolutions for which the polynomial coefficients must be known (usually the rated speed of the pump).

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Valves

Valves
The following designs are modelled as control valves in remote heating networks: Valves Flaps The pressure loss of a valve or a flap can be determined according to the following calculation equation:

100 m 3600 2 p = -------- -------------------- kv

(14.8)

The flow coefficient kV can be calculated for valves with a the same percent characteristic according to Gl. 14.9, with linear characteristic according to Gl. 14.10 as a function of the valve hub:

K v = K vs exp ( hub ) K vo K vo K v = K vs -------- + 1 -------- hub K vs K vs

(14.9) (14.10)

Here kVS is the intended flow coefficient of a series with nominal hub, kV0 the intersection of the characteristic with the Y-axis (only with linear characteristic) and hub the relationship from the adjusted hub to the nominal hub [14]. For flaps the change of the flow coefficient kv must be given as a function of the flap position by a number of flow coefficients for different flap positions, since so far no description of the dependence of the flow coefficient on the flap position exists.

Calculation of drag coefficients of bends


It is also possible to consider arising hydraulic resistances at branches in the hydraulic calculation. The determination of the additional coefficients of drag is based on calculation equations descriptive by B. Glck in the book heating water systems for residential and industrial zones and [1]. The procedure implemented in sisHYD is described in the following. First 6 kinds of branches are differentiated:
1. Branch with an inlet and drain pipe:

If there is an angle between 45 and 125 or between 225 and 315 between the in and out pipe, then an additional coefficient of drag for both pipings of 1.2 results.

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Calculation of drag coefficients of bends
2. Branch with two inlets and one drain pipe (combination):

Case A (T-fitting in the passage): Pipe B Pipe A for pipe A:


2 wC 2 wC VA V A A = ------- 1 ------- + ------- ------- 1 w A wA V V
C C 2

Pipe C

(14.11)

for pipe B:
C A for ------- 1 ------- 0, 1

w wB

VC

0, 25 2 w C 0, 25 wC 2 V A V A B = 0, 6 1 ------- ------ 1 + ------ 1 2 ------- w B w B V C V C


C A for ------- 1 ------- < 0, 1

(14.12)

w wB

VC

2 wC 2 V A B = 1 + ------ 1 2 ------- w B V C

(14.13)

Case B (T-fitting against the flow): Pipe B Pipe C

Pipe A for pipe A:


w C 2 V C 2 V C A = ------- + ------- + 3 1 ------- w A V A V A

(14.14)

for pipe B:
w C 2 V C 2 V C B = ------ + ------ + 3 1 ------ w B V V
B B

(14.15)

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Calculation of drag coefficients of bends
3. Branch with one inlet and two drain pipes (separation):

Case A (T-fitting in the passage): Pipe B Pipe A for pipe B:


wA B = 0, 9 + ------- w B
2

Pipe C

(14.16)

for pipe C:
C 2 V A w C 2 ------- ------= 0, 4 1 V C w A

(14.17)

Case B (T-fitting against the flow): Pipe B Pipe A Pipe C for pipe B:
wA B = 0, 3 + ------- w B
2

(14.18)

for pipe C:
wA 2 C = 0, 3 + ------- w C

(14.19)

4. Branch with two inlet and two drain lines (combination and separation):

Pipe B Pipe A Pipe C

Pipe D for pipe A:


2 wC 2 wC VA VA A = ------- 1 --------------------- + ------- ------- 1 w A wA V V A + V B C
2

(14.20)

for pipe B:
C A for ------- 1 ------- 0, 1

w wB

VC

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Calculation of drag coefficients of bends
0, 25 2 w C 0, 25 wC 2 V A V A B = 0, 6 1 ------- ------ 1 + ------ 1 2 ------- w B w B V C V C
C A for ------- 1 ------- < 0, 1

(14.21)

w wB

VC

2 2 w C 1 2 V A ------------ = 1 + w B V C

(14.22)

for pipe C:
2 wC 2 V A C = 0, 4 1 ------- ------- w A V C

(14.23)

for pipe D:
wA 2 D = 0, 9 + ------- w D

(14.24)

5. Branch with one inlet and three drain pipes (separation):

Pipe B Pipe A Pipe C Pipe D for pipe B:


wA 2 B = 0, 9 + ------- w B

(14.25)

for pipe C:
2 wA 2 V C C = 0, 4 1 ------- ------- V A w C

(14.26)

for pipe D:
wA 2 D = 0, 9 + ------- w D

(14.27)

6. Branch with three inlet and one drain lines (combination):

Pipe B Pipe A Pipe C Pipe D for pipe A:


2 wC 2 wC VA V A A = ------- 1 ------- + ------- ------- 1 w A wA V V
C C 2

(14.28)

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Thermal calculation

for pipe B:
V A 2 ------- V C wC 2 = 1 + ------ 1 8 ---------------- w B V A 3 + ------- VC

(14.29)

for pipe D:
V A 2 ------- V C wC 2 ------- 1 8 ---------------- = 1+ - w D V A 3 + ------- VC

(14.30)

Thermal calculation
Thermal models for the equipment components Piping
The exit temperature TA of the fluid after flowing through a pipe of length l, diameter d and the heat transition coefficient k can be calculated for the static case on assumption of ideal piston current and neglect of the heat production by dissipation as follows:

TA = TU + ( TE TU ) e

4kl ---------------------------d cF w

(14.31)

In the unsteady state case the temperature at the exit from a pipe can be calculated at the time t if the entrance time t-s of the volume element leaving at the end of pipe and the entry temperature T of a volume element which entered from the pipe at the time t - s can be determined:

4k T A ( t ) = T u + ( T E ( t ( s ) ) T u ) exp -------------------- s d cp

(14.32)

is a run time correction factor for the consideration of the heating and/or cooling of the pipe wall and isolation and can be calculated as follows:

( d R, a d R, i ) R c P, R + ( d I, a d I, i ) I c P, I = 1 + -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 d R, i W c P, W
with R : Index for material values/measures of the pipe, I : Index for material values/measures of the isolation, a,i : Indices for exterior, interior diameters.

(14.33)

In order to determine the speed process of the required entrance time t - s and the entry temperature T(t - sk) using temporal backward integration, the calculated mass flows and node temperatures of earlier calculation times must be available.

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Thermal models for the equipment components

For this, a list is maintained of volume elements which entered relative to the present calculation time for each pipe. For each volume element the entry temperature, the temperature gradient, the retention time and the distance of the pipe beginning are stored. For each new calculation step a new volume element with the temperature and the temperature upward gradient of the entrance nodes of the pipe is set at the beginning of the volume element list. Since the new volume element has only just entered, the retention time and the place of the volume element are at first zero. All remaining volume elements in the list are moved on by the path travelled in the last calculation step, i.e. by the product of speed at the current calculation time and the time step size. At the same time the retention times of the volume elements are increased by the calculation step size. The place will exceed the pipe length by at least one volume element. By interpolation between the last volume element whose place the pipe length has not yet exceeded, and the first volume element whose place has exceeded the pipe length, the retention time s of a volume element just at the pipe exit, can be determined. To consider the heating and/or cooling of the pipe wall/isolation, the entry temperature for a volume element, which entered the pipe at the time t - s is also determine by interpolation. With the interpolation of the entry temperatures, the temperature upward gradients of the corresponding volume elements are considered. With reversal of the direction of flow during the calculation period the new element must be indexed at the end the list. All previous volume elements are moved backward around the path travelled in the calculation time step, although this time the place of at least one element becomes smaller than zero, i.e. the appropriate volume elements exit at the other side of the pipe. The exit temperature TE(t-ks) and the retention time s for the calculation of the final temperature are also determined in the same way by interpolation from the retention times and entry temperatures of the volume elements. Condensate drainage For steam nets the condensate yield in the piping is calculated. The condensate contained in a pipe is calculated from rel. Dampness and the mass flow of the piping:

m Steam = m Pipe , where 0 < < 1


When = 0 there is only steam (without condensate) in the pipe; when = 1 only condensate is present. If a steam trap is installed at the end of the piping, in accordance with the drainage efficiency a part of the condensate is fed into the return:

m Steam trap = m Steam

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Thermal models for the equipment components

Consumer
Consumers are usually attached to the long-distance heating net with a quantity regulation. The size of the mass flow depends on the amount of heat needed by the consumer as well as on the entry temperature with which the installation is reached. There is therefore - as long as the difference of pressure at the consumer between flow and return is sufficiently big - no actual direct dependence of the consumer mass flow on the difference of pressure. Flow and return are hydraulically decoupled at the consuming devices. With the modelling of the heat extraction of consuming devices, their mass flows take and the return temperatures, the different consumer types must be considered. Consumers differ according to their kind of heat requirement (room heating, hot water preparation, air conditioning or special industrial heat requirement) and their individual temporal consumption behavior (e.g. private households, authorities, industrial plants, schools). A further distinguishing characteristic is often additionally the year of construction of the heating system, since the design output for the same room size has continuously decreased over the course of time. Thus a heat consumer, whose installation dates from the year 1980, surely achieves a smaller maximum extent of utilization relative to the nominal output than consuming devices built in 2000. These characteristics which vary strongly due to plant construction and individual behavior, lead to the development of consumer models which can be calculated with knowledge of the consumer heat requirement (this can also be divided into room heat and hot water requirement) and the physical sizes relevant for a network calculation such as mass flows and return temperature. Due to the high number of consumers, for network calculations (this is valid also for electricity, water and gas network calculations), it has proved satisfactory not to record a network branch in the model for each consumer but to concentrate on the consumer loads at the nearest network node points. In the course of the development of the simulation for long-distance heating systems developed by Icking extensive investigations and model calculations for the description of the consumer behavior were carried out by Loewen ; for the simulation of whole long-distance heating nets, the detailed and often also complex modelling of the individual consumers did not turn out to be practicable. So it has little sense to illustrate the technical part of consuming devices with high accuracy if a by far larger model uncertainty is caused by the individual behavior of the consumer. Therefore a simple simulation model was selected, in order to illustrate the consumer behavior from view of network simulation sufficiently exactly and at justifiable expenditure. This model should be adaptable to usual characteristics of the consuming devices: In the case of increased temperature drop and constant entry temperature a increased return temperature results, With constant heat extraction the return feed temperature only changes slightly when the inlet temperature changes.

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Thermal models for the equipment components

On the assumption that these two effects can be described by a linear approximation, it leads this to the following conditional equation for the return feed temperature TR of the consumer:

T R = T R0 + a f + b ( T V0 T V )

(14.34)

In Gl. 14.34, page 228, f defines the load factor, defined as quotient from actual, temporal temperature drop Q and the nominal connected load Q 0 :

Q f ----- Q0

(14.35)

The values for the design return temperature T R , the design entry temperature 0

T V0 , the nominal connected load Q 0 as well as for the two adjustment coefficients a
and b are therefore configuration parameters for the modelling of the consuming devices. Since the load factor cannot be determined for each consumer, it is possible to define different consumer groups whose different configuration parameters T V , T R , a and b 0 0 can be assigned. Also the allocation of a special load prognosis to individual consumer groups is possible. After calculation of the consumer return temperature TR with Gl. 14.34 the determination of the mass flow then takes place m as follows:

Q f Q0 m = ---------------------------------- = ---------------------------------cF ( TV TR ) cF ( TV TR )

(14.36)

The decrease mass flow of a consumer leaves can therefore also be described as

a product of the momentarily maximum decrease mass flow m max and current load f where the maximum decrease mass flow is calculated as follows: Q0 ---------------------------------m Max = cF ( TV TR )
Modelling of the under supply of a consumer Since the decrease mass flow of a customer is generally limited by a mass flow delimitation, the mass flow calculated from Gl. 14.34 on page 228 should potentially be limited to the maximum mass flow calculated according to Gl. 14.37, especially for the calculation of low load cases. A smaller actually removed performance may result. The corresponding consumer is marked with the error code under supply and a warning is given. For the supply of an customer installation a minimum pressure differential or a minimum pressure at entrance is usually guaranteed. Under supply can also result for consumer behavior when these guarantee conditions are broken. At present the pressure/ pressure differential restrictions of the consumers are only checked and a warning issued when they are broken. (14.37)

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Static thermal calculation

Supplier
In the context of a network calculation the suppliers are regarded as connection elements of two nodes with a heat supply. Supplier-internal procedures of the heat supply and heat transfer to the remote heating water are not considered. Therefore, using an energy balance, the thermal behavior of the suppliers can be described

by the sizes of supplied heat flow Q zu , mass flow m , entry temperature TE as well as exit temperature TA if the specific warmth of the fluid is regarded as constant: Q zu m c F ( T A T E ) = 0
(14.38)

The entry temperature of the supplier is usually the return temperature of the network and is determined by the network calculation. Therefore two of the remaining three unknown quantities must be set; the third arises from Gl. 14.38. In practice the operators of long-distance heating systems usually focus on the dimensions entry temperature1 and mass flow/flow rate. During network calculation it must however be noted that for at least one supplier the mass flow must not be set firmly, since the program uses it in order to fulfill the mass balance between advance and return. The the mass flows taken from the flow by the consumers depend on the flow temperatures reached by the consumers (see Gl. 14.36). Therefore an a priori definition of the sum of all supplier mass flows before network calculation is not permissible. The supplier, whose feeding mass flow cannot be specified in advance, is designated a regulation feeder, since the feeding mass flow of the regulation feeder balances the heat losses of the pipe system, which cannot be calculated in advance, as well as the heat losses through the losses of water of the network not considered in this model.

Static thermal calculation


From an energy balance around a node ki the following calculation equation is received on the assumption of an immediate and complete mixing of the entering material

flow m ij for the node temperature Ti: Ti =


eintr ----------------------------eintr

mij Tij
m ij

(14.39)

with m ij : T ijE :

mass flow from the node j to the node i, node entry temperature of the pipe between the node i and j.

Using Gl. 14.39 it is possible to determine the temperature of a node as a function of the temperature of the entering flows. However, the entry temperature of these mass flows into the connections and thus the temperature of the neighbour nodes, from which the node which is to be calculated is fed, must first be known. In order to carry out a thermal calculation of the entire network, a certain calculation sequence of the nodes must therefore be selected. This must guarantee that every nodes to be calculated is only flowed into from nodes that have already been calculated.
1. The flow temperature is usually specified by a given heating curve as a function of the outside temperature.

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Unsteady state thermal network calculation

In graph theory, such a sequence of the nodes of a graph is called topological order. The production of such a calculation sequence for the node temperatures that are being searched for in a long-distance heating network is possible only if both no thermal meshes are present, i.e. if no circular currents of water are led in the flow or return and all feeding temperatures are known. If at least one of the two conditions is not fulfilled, then instead of the gradual calculation of the node temperatures, a closed thermal calculation method developed by Icking can also be used, which requires, however, the list of a complex and large set of equations. In addition each change to the direction of flow of a pipe requires a reconstruction of this set of equations. The entry temperatures T ij Gl. 14.39 can be determined depending on the kind
E

of equipment component between the nodes i and j from the calculation equations Gl. 14.31, Gl. 14.34 and Gl. 14.38.

Unsteady state thermal network calculation


Unsteady state thermal calculation takes place in a similar way to steady state thermal calculation via the successive use of in accordance with Gl. 14.39 the topological order of the nodes. The exit temperatures for the new time ti+1= ti + t are calculated for the pipes as main causers of the thermally transient procedures in accordance with Gl. 14.32, where for the period between the two calculation times ti and ti+1 the calculated mass flow distribution at time i is accepted as constant.

Procedure of an unsteady state hydraulic network calculation


A goal of the unsteady state calculation of long-distance heating nets is the determination of the time course of the dimension variables of the system with timedependent entry dimensions. Entry dimensions are the supply requirements and the operating variables. Under supply requirement the time-dependent heat requirement of the individual consumers is understood. This supply requirement depends on meteorological dimensions, like outside temperature, precipitation, sun exposure, wind velocity and temporal dimensions, like time of day, weekday, season. Usually the supply requirement is not well-known in advance for individual consumers; usually it is determined by means of static prognosis models for the total network, more rarely for certain consumer groups or large single consumers. The supply requirements of the individual consumers must then be derived proportionately from the summary requirement. Operating variables are the dimension which the operator of long-distance heating systems can influence during operation, without causing constructional changes. The sum of all current values of the operating variables does not normally uniquely specify the current operating condition of the plant together with the current supply requirement; usually the history of most dimensions must be considered additionally.

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Pressure charts

The most important operating variables are the entry temperatures and feed performances of the suppliers as well as the rule concepts of all adjustable pressure increase stations and bypasses. If a simulation works non-interactively, then all dimensions mentioned must be present as a time-dependent management plan before beginning the calculation. The time courses of the variables of state of the system, i.e. the pressures, mass flows and temperatures are the results of an unsteady state network simulation Each entry and exit dimension of the system can be reconstructed by a complete record of system state variables from the beginning of the simulation time up to the current simulation time, in order to continue simulation after an interruption with new inputs, for example. Usually it is not a priority goal of unsteady state network calculation to determine the thermal and hydraulic variables of state but there are interests in characteristic dimensions of the network such as the total heat losses, the network retention status, the supply run times and the total pump performance. These summary dimensions can be easily derived after network simulation from the variables of state.

Pressure charts
sisHYD creates a set of diagrams in which an target dimensions is evaluated along any path in the net. The target dimensions either refer to nodes or to network elements. In the latter case stepwise representations always result. A special diagram form represents the pressure chart in long-distance heating. A height along a path in the network, equivalent to hydraulic pressure, is represented. The equivalent hydraulic pressure height is calculated as follows:

( p abs, i p u, i ) h hydr, i = -------------------------------- + h i i g p abs, i i is the local absolute pressure at the junction p u, i is the local ambient pressure at the junction i h i is the height at the junction i i is the local density of the medium g is the constant for acceleration due to gravity

(14.40)

The manometric pressure p mano is calculated by the difference between elevation characteristic and the equivalent hydraulic height (of a leader) under multiplication with the acceleration due to gravity constant and the local density of the medium:

p mano = ( h hydr, Leader h Height ) i g

(14.41)

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Pressure charts

Pressure height [mWs] Flow Flow (abs)

hydr. pressure [bar]

h hydr, Leader

Return

h Height
Terrain height

Length [m]

In order to facilitate the reading from of pressure, an additional axis is drawn in the diagram, on which the hydraulic pressure is given. The hydraulic pressure is calculated as

p hydr, i = i g h i + p abs, i

(14.42)

The range of values of this axis is directly coupled with the range of values on the axis pressure height. The resulting difference of pressure can be measured directly to an elevator difference. For the conversion of this elevation difference into a pressure, an average density is assumed. Since the density differs significantly in hot water networks between flow and return, an inaccuracy in the order of magnitude of 2% arises here.

p i = i g h i p i = g h i p i p i i 985 970 rel.Error = ---------------------- = ------------- = ----------------------- = 0, 0155 2% p i 970 p i actual local difference of pressure at position i p i difference of pressure read on the axis since position i

(14.43) (14.44) (14.45)

average density, with which the axis hydraulic pressure is derived from the
axis pressure height

h i the observed elevation difference

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Comparison of gas network calculations with positive pressure/absolute pressure

Comparison of gas network calculations with positive pressure/absolute pressure


A simple gas pipe whose end node lies 19m higher than the initial node serves as a demo network. The medium is in the piping and the pressures is calculated. As calculation default an initial pressure of 1035.4 mbar (absolute) and/or 22.4 mbar (positive pressure) is set. The ambient pressure at the initial node therefore amounts to 1013 mbar. The atmospheric pressure is assumed constant with 1.2 kg/m, the gas density with a standard density of 0.73 kg/m. The initial node is at a height of 339 m, the end node at a height of 358 m. In the calculation with absolute pressure, sisHYD determines a pressure of 1034 mbar for the end node, the calculation with information of positive pressure determines a positive pressure of 23.3 mbar. The calculated values appear contradictory at first, but. In the case of the absolute pressure calculation, the pressure in the gas line is proven with 1034 mbar. This pressure results due to the static difference of pressure between K1 and K2, which is calculated as

0, Gas g h = 0,75 9,81 19 Pa = 139 Pa = 1,39 mbar


The absolute pressure in the pipe therefore reduces from 1035.4 mbar to 1034.01 mbar. The calculated positive pressure can be converted with the ambient pressure at the respective node to an absolute pressure by

p Abs = p Overpressure + p Environment


The air pressure of the environment is calculated at

p Environment = p 0 ( 0, Air g h ) p Environment = 1013 mbar 2,23 mbar = 1010,77 mbar


Thus the absolute pressure of the gas in the piping amounts to

p Abs = 1010,77 + 23,23 mbar = 1034,0 mbar


The influence of the static difference of pressure shows clearly that the reference height for the pressure indications is crucial in positive pressure calculations.

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Part II: Appendix

15

Import/export interfaces
The following chapter describes the import and export interfaces of sisHYD.

sisHYD import of HR data


The following section describes the structure of text files for an import using the sisHYD text interface. The GIS sisNET exports network data in the text format described.

Specification of the import text interface


The file consists of a series of data blocks, where each data block describes exactly one object A data block is introduced with a keyword. On the following lines pairs of field keyword and value are listed, which are separated from each other by exactly one TAB. Keyword and value must be present. Keywords are written exclusively in CAPITAL LETTERS. A block is completed by a blank line (this also applies for the last block of the text file). All unit-bound dimensions are entered in the unit which is described in the sisHYD database sketch. In general these are the SI units (length, diameter in [m], performance in [W], flow rates in [Nm3/s], mass flows in [kg/s], temperature in [C]). Numeric values are displayed as cultural neutral formatting, i.e. a point is used as a separator, there is no thousand separator
Valid decimal numbers 123 123.456 12.3456e-6 Invalid decimal numbers 1.000.000 5,678 1.234,678

All compulsory fields must be listed for a block. Compulsory field which run a default value are excepted. If the compulsory field is missing it is taken up with the default value. Date and numerical data take place in the UTC format (YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SSZ), e.g.: 2008-11-21 14:28:13Z.

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Specification of the import text interface

sisHYD imports the following data blocks (grey) from the import file All keywords of the import interface are strictly identical to the corresponding column names of the database draft. Keywords in curly brackets are alternative names (old) which are still understood by the import format. They deviate from the convention and are replaced with by names that conform to convention for import files with format information. The order of the data blocks is arbitrary in the old format. In the new format the first block is the VERSION. For all further blocks, data which are referenced are to be written before blocks which depend on these data. (e.g. Write pipe classes before pipe data which reference the pipe class). For compatibility reasons the order is not yet checked. The integrity examination therefore only takes place when the project is opened by sisHYD. Incorrect data are announced and eliminated from the database. From sisHYD version 08.05.01.13, default data are generated for the following tables if no row is present after the import. Fields, which are marked yes in the compulsory column and have no default value must be filled!

Block/field Database link File format (not in database) Identification Network Name Number

Keyword VERSION VERSION_ID NETZ NETZ_ID NETZ_NR

Compulsory Default

Yes

080904

Yes Yes Yes 1 2

Type of network NETZTYP (displays the number of leaders; for gas/water always 1) Medium Connection load Max. Pressure Max. Flow temperature Max. Return temperature Height of the air pressure measurement Absolute pressure Atmospheric pressure Air pressure MEDIUM ANSCHLUSS_LAST P_NENN TMAX_VORLAUF TMAX_RUECKLAUF NULLPUNKT ABSOLUTDRUCK LUFTDICHTE LUFTDRUCK

Yes

0 0 1600000 130 90 0 J 1.293 101325

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Block/field Database link Zone Name Number Barrier Correction wall roughness Correction factor for the wall roughness Coefficient for correction of the heat transition coefficient Factor for correction of the heat transition coefficient Const. Length addition Factor for the length addition Alternative Name Number Description Alternative zone allocation Number of the variable Number of the contained power supply unit Node Name Number Assigned network Network position x-coordinate y-coordinate z-coordinate Generated Amendment date Creation date Object identification from GIS

Keyword H_NETZTEIL NETZTEIL_ID NETZTEIL_NR SPERRE WANDRAUH_KORR WANDRAUH_FAKTOR WAERME_KOEFF_KORR WAERME_KOEFF_FAKTOR LAENGEN_ZUSCHLAG LAENGENZUSCHLAG_FAKTOR H_VARIANTE VARIANTE_ID VARIANTE_NR BESCHREIBUNG H_VARIANTE_NETZTEIL VARIANTE_NR NETZTEIL_NR

Compulsory Default

Yes Yes 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

Yes Yes 1

Yes Yes

KNOTEN KNOTEN_ID KNOTEN_NR NETZ_NR NETZ_POSITION X_KOORD Y_KOORD Z_KOORD GENERIERT GEAENDERT ERSTELLT GISID (MS_LINK) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 1 1 0

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Block/field Database link (common element data) Name Number Initial node End node Assigned network Assigned zone Network position Generated Amendment date Creation date Object identification from GIS

Keyword (ELEMENT) !no valid data block! ELEM_ID ELEM_NR ANFANGS_NR END_NR NETZ_NR HIERARCHIE NETZ_POSITION GENERIERT GEAENDERT ERSTELLT GISID (MS_LINK) H_STEAMTRAP < ELEMENT EFFICIENCY ROHR {STRANG} < ELEMENT ROHRKLASSEN_NR LAENGE ZUSATZWIDER

Compulsory Default

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 1 1 1 1 0 1

Steam trap Efficiency Pipe Pipe class Length Additional resistance

Yes

Yes Yes Yes

1 0.0 0 -1000

Default of an individual exterior T_AUSSEN temperature [C], the value -1000 stands for for no default Price category Can be isolated Pump Assigned pump type, 0 for default pump type Cost factor Price category PREISKATEGORIE IST_ABSPERRBAR PUMPE < ELEMENT PUMPENTYP_NR {PUMPENTYP} KOSTENFAKTOR PREISKATEGORIE

1 Yes N

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Block/field Database link Valve Assigned valve type, 0 for type of default valve Price category Feeder Max. Feeding temperature Const. pressure loss portion Resistance Resistance2 Max. Feed performance Max. mass flow. Max. Flow rate Heat production costs Consumer Name Number Nominal mass flow Connection load Flow rate Assigned consumer group Min. pressure loss Max. pressure loss Max. mass flow. Min. Flow temperature Min. pressure height Max. pressure height Bypass diameter

Keyword VENTIL {ARMATUR} < ELEMENT VENTILTYP_NR {VENTILTYP} PREISKATEGORIE VERSORGER {EINSPEISER} < ELEMENT MAX_TEMP DRUCKVERLUST WIDERSTAND WIDERSTAND2 MAX_LEISTUNG MAX_MSTROM MAX_VSTROM WAERME_KOSTEN VERBRAUCHER < ELEMENT ELEM_ID ELEM_NR NENNMASSENSTROM ANSCHLUSSLAST VOLUMENSTROM GRUPPEN_NR V_MIN_DRUCKVERLUST V_MAX_DRUCKVERLUST V_MAX_MSTROM V_MIN_VORLAUFTEMP MIN_DRUCKHOEHE MAX_DRUCKHOEHE BYPASS

Compulsory Default

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Yes Yes

Yes

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

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Block/field Database link Pipe inflexion points Number Serial inflexion point number (start each ELEM_NR with 1) x-coordinate y-coordinate z-coordinate Customer Creation date Amendment date Generated Name Number Connection node Mass flow heating Connection value heating Volume flow heating Consumer group heating Volume flow consumer group Connection value water production Volume flow water production Consumer group water production Mass flow ventilation Connected load ventilation Volume flow ventilation Consumer group ventilation Current amount of heat Current quantity of water Current volume Amount of heat previous year Quantity of water previous year

Keyword KNICKPUNKTE ELEM_NR KNICK_NR X_KOORD Y_KOORD Z_KOORD VERBR_DATEN {KUNDE} ERSTELLT GEAENDERT GENERIERT VERBRAUCHER_ID VERBRAUCHER_NR ANFANGS_KNR1 MASSENSTROM NENNLEISTUNG VOLUMENTSTROM GRUPPEN_NR MASSENSTROM2 NENNLEISTUNG2 VOLUMENTSTROM2 GRUPPEN_NR2 MASSENSTROM3 NENNLEISTUNG3 VOLUMENTSTROM3 GRUPPEN_NR3 WAERMEMENGE1 (WAERMEMENGE_1) WASSERMENGE1 (WASSERMENGE_1) VOLUMEN1 (VOLUMEN_1) WAERMEMENGE2 (WAERMEMENGE_2) WASSERMENGE2 (WASSERMENGE_2)

Compulsory Default

Yes Yes

1 Yes Yes Yes 0 0 0 Yes 1 0 0 0 Yes 1 0 0 0 Yes 1

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Block/field Database link Volume previous year Floor space Bypass diameter First name Surname Street name Street number Postal/zip code City First telephone number Second telephone number

Keyword VOLUMEN2 (VOLUMEN_2) WOHNFLAECHE BYPASS VORNAME HAUSNAME STRASSE HAUSNUMMER PLZ ORT TEL_PRIVAT TEL_ARBEIT MESS_TYP MESS_INSTALLATION INSPEKTION

Compulsory Default

Code for the consumption accounting Minimum building height Maximum building height

ABRECHNUNG MIN_HOEHE MAX_HOEHE SPEICHER TAUSCHER DURCHLAUF ALTERNATIV

Consumer group Creation date Amendment date Generated Name Number Factor heating portion Target temperature flow Target temperature return Sigma flow Sigma load Retention time correction Min. Difference of pressure Min. Flow temperature

VERBR_GRUPPE ERSTELLT GEAENDERT GENERIERT GRUPPEN_ID GRUPPEN_NR FAKTOR VORLAUF_SOLL RUECKLAUF_SOLL SIGMA_VORLAUF SIGMA_LAST VERWEILZEIT DIFFDRUCK_MIN TMIN_VORLAUF Yes Yes 1 100 50 0 0 0 0 0 1

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Block/field Database link Max. pressure at the customer Min. pressure height at the customer Max. pressure height at the customer Consumption field with customer data Yearly hours

Keyword P_MAX_ABNEHM MIN_DRUCKHOEHE MAX_DRUCKHOEHE VERBRAUCHSART JAHRESSTUNDEN

Compulsory Default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Identifies the target consumption MEMO_NR field at the consumer MITMENGENBEGRENZUNG MENGENFAKTOR Pipe class Creation date Amendment date Generated Name Number Inside diameter Outside diameter Retention coefficient Consider in design calculations Wall roughness Heat coefficient Heat transition coefficient ROHRKLASSEN ERSTELLT GEAENDERT GENERIERT ROHRKLASSEN_ID ROHRKLASSEN_NR INN_DMESS AUSSENDURCHMESSER {AUSS_DMESS} VERWEIL_KOEFF DIMENSIONIERBAR WANDRAU WAERME_KOEFF KWERT DRUCKSTUFE LIEFERANT BESTELL_NR LECKDETEKT NENNDURCHMESSER AUSSENDURCHMESSER MANTELDURCHMESSER WANDSTAERKE {WANDDICKE} MATERIAL ISOLIERUNG GEWICHT Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

1 1

1 J 0.0001

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Block/field Database link Prices for category 1 Prices for category 2 Prices for category 3 Prices for category 4 Prices for category 5 Prices for category 6

Keyword PREIS1 PREIS2 PREIS3 PREIS4 PREIS5 PREIS6 GESCHW_MAX DELTAP_MAX VERLEGEART AUSSENTEMPERATUR

Compulsory Default

Flex pipe, J/N

FLEXROHR RILLENTIEFE RILLENABSTAND

Type of pump Creation date Amendment date Generated Name Number

PUMPENTYP ERSTELLT GEAENDERT GENERIERT PUMPENTYP PUMPENTYP_NR NENNDREHZAHL MAX_FOERDERSTROM MIN_FOERDERSTROM MAX_DREHZAHL MIN_DREHZAHL G_WIRK_MIN G_WIRK_MAX HOEHE0 HOEHE1 HOHE2 LEISTUNG0 LEISTUNG1 LEISTUNG2 LEISTUNG3 NPSH0 NPSH1 NPSH2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2000 1 Yes Yes Yes 1

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Block/field Database link

Keyword NPSH3 MOTORLEISTUNG PUMPENMODELL LIEFERANT BESTELL_NR

Compulsory Default 0

Prices for category 1 Prices for category 2 Prices for category 3 Prices for category 4 Prices for category 5 Prices for category 6 Creation date Amendment date Generated Pump characteristic entry Number Mass flow Delivery height Performance NPSH Valve type Creation date Amendment date Generated Name Number Kvs Kvs_Kv0 0 - linear 1 - equal percentage 2 - freely defined 3 - check valve

PREIS1 PREIS2 PREIS3 PREIS4 PREIS5 PREIS6 ERSTELLT GEAENDERT GENERIERT PUMPENKENNLINIEN PUMPENTYP_NR MASSENSTROM FOERDERHOEHE LEISTUNG NPSH VENTILTYP ERSTELLT GEAENDERT GENERIERT VENTILTYP VENTILTYP_NR KVS KVS_KV0 KENNLINIENART Yes Yes 1 Yes Yes Yes 0 0 1

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Block/field Database link Prices for category 1 Prices for category 2 Prices for category 3 Prices for category 4 Prices for category 5 Prices for category 6 Valve model Order_no. Supplier Valve characteristic entry Number Position Valve coefficient Organization group Name Number Factor Special fittings Number Name Zeta value Special fittings pipe Number Partial identification Number

Keyword PREIS1 PREIS2 PREIS3 PREIS4 PREIS5 PREIS6 VENTILMODELL BESTELL_NR LIEFERANT VENTIL_KENNLINIE VENTILTYP_NR VENTIL_STELLUNG VENTIL_KOEFF ORG_GRUPPE ORG_ID ORG_NR FAKTOR H_EINBAUTEILE TEIL_NR TEIL_ID ZETAWERT H_EINBAUTEILE_ROHR ELEM_NR TEIL_NR ANZAHL

Compulsory Default

Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes 1

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

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References to fields
Field All data blocks Number The number is the primary key and must be unique within all objects of a data block. Numbers always begin with 1. The data blocksSTRANG, VERBRAUCHER, VERSORGER, PUMPE, VENTIL, H_STEAMTRAP inherit the data from the ELEMENT data block. The field must be unique within all objects which inherit from ELEMENT! The inheritance is marked in the keyword column with the following line < ELEMENT. Is automatically set for suppliers in the conductor network. Is automatically set for consumers and steam traps in the conductor network. The inside diameter is calculated if the fields for wall thickness and outside diameter are present. When this is available, the fieldWAERME_KOEFF fromKWERT is calculated using the formula Remark

Conductor networks Initial node End nodes Pipe class INN_DMESS KWERT

KWERT WAERME_KOEFF = --------------------------------------- INN_DMESS


TheKWERT is carried out in the unit [W/mK]. This value must not be confused with the heat conductivity of the pipe insulating material! The fieldKWERT should not be defined together with the fieldWAERME_KOEFF. WAERME_KOEFF The heat transition coefficient of the pipe class in the Unit [W/m2K]. Steam trap ELEM_ID (only for long-distance heating one and two-leader networks) The name of the steam trap comes from the name of the assigned node by prefixing the @ character. The character @ is only allowed for steam traps as the first character (to guarantee clarity of the names). A maximum of one steam trap exists for each node.

Old format
Field General Name The name must be unique within all objects within a data block. Remark

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New format The format extends the existing specification with the following information.
Field Format info. VERSION_ID General Name The name must be unique within all objects within a type of data block. Special rules are valid for the data blocksKNOTEN and the blocks inheriting fromELEMENT. Here the name must be unique in combination with the network position. The combination of name and network position only plays a role in the category long-distance heating. Here node and pipe symmetries are illustrated by the fact that supply and return nodes receive the same name with different network positions. When they are transferred into the sisHYD database the network position abbreviations are added to the names (Network position identification: Supply (V), Return, KLB), so that the database-internal name is still unique. In the dialog masks the last letter is automatically hidden with nodes and pipes. With conductor systems all node and pipe names contain a V contain as the last letter. The version information block is only used in the extended format. The number 080904 is to be used as version info of this specification. Remark

Corrections to first specification Default value for maximum temperature in the a feeder changed from 500 to 0. KeywordWIDERSTAND2 removed from the feeder. KeywordLECKDETECT for pipe class corrected toLECKDETEKT. KeywordMS_LINK added to nodes. Specification for date/numerical data entered afterwards as UTC. sisHYD 08.11.05.23 Reference to CAPITALIZATION caused by keywords. Alternative keywords: VENTILalternative ARMATUR VERBR_DATENalternative KUNDE VERSORGERalternative EINSPEISER

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Import of data from Microsoft Excel

sisHYD 08.11.07.01 Extension of the attributes of customer data by specification for the hot water preparation and ventilation. The organization group is no longer required. As soon as the following fields are used for customer data, version identifier 081107 is to be used. NENNLEISTUNG2 NENNLEISTUNG3 MASSENSTROM2 MASSENSTROM3 VOLUMESTROM2 VOLUMESTROM3 GRUPPEN_NR2 GRUPPEN_NR3 The following attributes are omitted ANFANGS_KNR2 ANFANGS_KNR3 ORG_GRUPPE

Import of data from Microsoft Excel


At present sisHYD implements an import interface to Microsoft Excel for pipe class data and customer data. For the customer data, as well as the pure import, there is also the option to update data in sisHYD on the basis of the table data.

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Structure of a spreadsheet

Structure of a spreadsheet
The Excel worksheet follows a firmly defined pattern, so that sisHYD can assign the information on the worksheet to the corresponding fields in the sisHYD data model. In addition the following rules are valid The first 3 rows of the worksheet are reserved for administrative information. Exactly one data set is in one row of the worksheet. A column in the worksheet is assigned to exactly one field in the sisHYD data model. The order of the columns is arbitrary. In the first row there are keywords set by sisHYD which marks the allocation of the column value into the sisHYD data model. Columns without keywords are ignored. Cells with unknown keywords are provided with a comment. The sequence of the data records is arbitrary. However sorting by the name attribute, which must be unique for all data records, is recommended- so doubles are immediately recognizable. The second row contains plain text for the column. Contents are not needed for the data transfer and may also be used elsewhere. The third row is given in the units to which the numerical values of the column to refer. The label for unit-bound fields must be displayed and be known to the sisHYD unit system. The label may be written optionally in [].

Template working folder


sisHYD makes a template with import worksheet on pipe classes and customer data available. The template working folder is found in the path relative to the sisHYD installation ./sishyd/xls/ImportLeereMappe.xls and contains 2 worksheets pipe class and customer. In the template the cells of the first row are colored according to a certain pattern
Color red turquoise Meaning Compulsory field, i.e. the data set is only successful if there is valid information in the field Optional entry. The cell may be omitted with the import.

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Pipe classes

Pipe classes
The following table contains the keywords for the allocation from worksheet columns to data fields for pipe classes. Compulsory fields for the import are red:
Keyword id [klasse] dimbar di wandrau waermekoeff Description Name of the pipe class. The name must be unique within all pipe class names! It specifies whether a pipe class can be suggested in design calculations. Inside diameter of the pipe. Wall roughness. Heat transition coefficient for heat loss calculation. Note this is not the heat coefficient often given with pipe classes (adjusts to the pipe range) (see unit). Correction factor in unsteady state calculation. At present always 1.0. Nominal pressure level for the examination of the operation limit. Name of the supplier. Order number with the supplier. Specifies whether the pipe class has possibilities for leakage detection. Nominal diameter of the pipe. Outside diameter of the pipe. Wall thickness of the medium pipe. Diameter of the jacket pipe. Pipe material. Description of the insulation material. Specific weight per meter of pipe length. Moving costs for self defined category 1. Moving costs for self defined category 2. Moving costs for self defined category 3. Moving costs for self defined category 4. Moving costs for self defined category 5. Moving costs for self defined category 6. Optional information of a maximum speed for design calculations. The value overwrites the information from network calculation if ! = 0 Optional information maximum spec. pressure loss for design calculations. The value overwrites the information from network calculation if ! = 0 Optional information of an outside temperature for heat loss calculation. The value overwrites the information from network calculation if the field is occupied and is >-273.15 C. Optional information of a type of move of the pipe class. /m /m /m /m /m /m m/s True False m: m: m: m: Pa True False m: m: W/m2K Info.

verweilkoeff druckstufe lieferant bestell_nr leckdetekt dn da s dm material isolierung gewicht preis1 preis2 preis3 preis4 preis5 preis6 max_geschw

max_deltap

Pa

temperatur

verlegeart

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Customer data

Customer data
The following table contains the keywords for the allocation of worksheet columns to data fields for customer data. Compulsory fields for the import are red. A consumer group must be defined so that the heating, hot water or ventilation portion data can be set.
Keyword kunde knoten1 netzteil abrechnung verbr_gruppe Description Name of the customer. The field must be unique within all customer names! Assigned node with calculation without compression. The node must be already present in sisHYD. Allocation power packs for the resulting consumer. Alphanumeric key field for consumption accounting systems. Name of the consumer group for the heating portion. The group must be present in order to set the heating portion. Otherwise the field can be omitted. Connected load of the customer. Mass flow of the customer in the design case (100%). Flow rate of the customer in the design case (100%). W kg/s m3/s kg/s Info.

leistung massenstrom volumenstrom

max_massenstrom Max. admissible mass flow. This field is evaluated when consumers are created and the adherence to the max. permissible value is checked. bypass waermemenge1 wassermenge1 volumen1 waermemenge2 wassermenge2 volumen2 wohnflaeche verbr_gruppe2 Diameter of a thermal bypass. Referred amount of heat in this year. Referred quantity of water in this year. Referred volume in this year. Referred amount of heat in the previous year. Referred quantity of water in the previous year. Referred volume in the previous year. Floor space. Name of the consumer group for the hot water preparation. The group must be present in order to set the demands for hot water preparation. Otherwise the field can be omitted. Connection value for the hot water preparation.

mm Ws kg m3 Ws kg m3 m2

leistung2 massenstrom2 volumenstrom2 verbr_gruppe3

Mass flow for the hot water preparation of the customer in kg/s design case (100%). Volume flow for the hot water preparation of the customer m3/s in design case (100%). Name of the consumer group for the ventilation portion. The group must be present in order to set the ventilation portion. Otherwise the field can be omitted. Connection value for the ventilation proportion. Mass flow for the ventilation portion of the customer in design case (100%). Volume flow for the ventilation portion of the customer in design case (100%). W kg/s m3/s

leistung3 massenstrom3 volumenstrom3

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Import of customer data (text format)

Keyword

Description

Info.

Purely administrative fields without influence on calculation. The meaning of contents can be redefined as desired. vorname house name strasse hausnr plz ort tel1 tel2 messtyp installation inspektion min_hoehe max_hoehe speicher tauscher durchlauf alternativ m: m: True False True False True False True False

Import of customer data (text format)


following customer information which can/must be written into W Theimport file. list describes thethe conventions and instructions in the following section the You must follow so that the import can take place error free. At the end of the section there is a list with instructions for the recovery of errors with the import. For each customer the following information can be set in the import file:
Position Description of the field 1 Key designator for the network (max. 40 characters). An import filter can be defined for the import function using this. Only the customers whose key designator agrees with the network name are imported (see Network data on page 43)! 2 Unique Customer designator (max. 40 characters). Note that the customer names must be unique. Customer records are not imported if a data set with same name already exists! 3 Assigned and existing Node no compression with max. 19 characters. For the network position node names receive a letter identification at the end; V stands for a node at the flow leader andK for a node at the KLB leader. 4 5 Assigned and existing Node for low compression with max. 19 characters. Assigned and existing Node for high compression with max. 19 characters.

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Import of customer data (text format)

Position Description of the field 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Designator of the existing Consumer group (max. 40 characters). Designator of the existing Organization group (max. 40 characters). All numerical values are to be entered in SI units. Nominal heat output in [W]. Nominal decrease mass flow [kg/s]. Amount of heat taken in the current year [Ws]. Amount of heat taken last year [Ws]. Quantity of water taken in the current year [kg]. Quantity of water taken last year [kg]. Floor space [m2]. Bypass diameter [m]. 1. barrier list1, ignored - formerly LICHEAT. 2. barrier list2, ignored - formerly LICHEAT. House name (max. 20 characters). First name (max. 20 characters). Road (max. 20 characters). House number (max. 8 characters). City/town (max. 20 characters). Postal/zip code (max. 8 characters). Private telephone number (max. 14 characters). Work telephone number (max. 14 characters). Heat accumulator available (J/N). Instantaneous water heater available (J/N). Heat exchanger available (J/N). Alternative available (J/N). Volumes taken in the current year [m3]. Volume taken in previous year [m3]. Flow rate [m3].

The customer file must meet the following conditions:


1. all data of a customer must have been entered in one line, 2. the individual input fields are to be separated by a comma, 3. only the information 1 to 9 is absolutely necessarily; all further details are optional, 4. designators which contain special characters such as commas or blanks must

be surrounded by quotation marks (),


5. designators,

in which a comma follows a quotation mark, which contain quotation marks themselves, which have initial or final spaces or tab marks are not permitted.

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Import of customer billing dates (text format)

Import of customer billing dates (text format)


The invoice data contain the data for a central place or the summed up invoice data for an address per line. The columns of a data line are separated by semicolons. The 1st line of the file also contains a semicolon separated list of the column names to describe the file contents. The sequence of the columns is arbitrary; for the interpretation of the columns by the sisHYD import, however, the following column names must be used:
Column name Kunde Strasse Hausnummer PLZ Nennleistung Nennmassenstrom Contents Unique designation of the customer (e. g. for special customers or reception points without address) Street name of the consumption place and/or consumption address House number of the consumption place and/or consumption address POSTAL/ZIP CODE: Postal/zip code of the consumption place and/or consumption address Connected load [kW] Nominal mass flow of the consumption place and/or consumption address [kg/s]

Nennvolumenstrom Nominal mass flow of the consumption place and/or consumption address [m/h] Wrme1 Wrme2 Menge1 Menge2 Volumen1 Volumen2 Gruppe OrgGruppe Amount of heat taken in the last year [kWh] Amount of heat taken in the year before last [kWh] Quantity taken in previous year [kg] Quantity taken in previous year [kg] Volume taken in previous year [m] Volume taken in previous year [m] Consumer category for the allocation of the load behavior (=allocation to a sisHYD consumer group) Organisatory group allocation of the consumption place (=allocation to a sisHYD org group) - no longer used

The following columns must be present for the import to sisHYD: either the column Customer for the customer name or the columns Road and Street number (if there double street names in several supplied places, also the postal/zip code) as well as at least one consumption value The allocations of the customer data can also be changed with the attributes Group and OrgGroup. However, before the import of the customer data, the appropriate consumer groups (for the attribute group) and/or org groups (for the attribute OrgGruppe) must have been created in sisHYD. Further columns which cannot be interpreted by sisHYD can also be contained in the file; these columns are simply overlooked.

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Output to Excel

Example of an invoice data file:


Kunde;Strasse;Hausnummer;Wrme1;Wrme2 ;Rnzstrae;2;20000.0;22000.0 ;Rnzstrae;12;20000.0;22000.0 ;Gedelerstrae;2;20000.0;22000.0 ;Gedelerstrae;4;20000.0;22000.0 ;Wilhelminenstrae;19;20000.0;22000.0 ;Richterstrae;59;20000.0;22000.0 Sonderkunde1;;;500000.0;480000.0

Output to Excel
Output to Excel or Standard report to Excel can be only used if MS Excel is installed or another application is linked with .xls files. The data transfer path to Excel or another spreadsheet application is selected automatically. COM and XMLSS are available as transfer paths. COM This procedure is very time-consuming with larger reports. Is only intended for older Microsoft Excel versions which do not support XMLSS. The reports are written directly into a new Excel file. XMLSS This procedure is much quicker, even with larger reports. The report is stored as a file with the ending .excel.xml in the projects report directory. This file is opened with the application which is linked with .xls files. XMLSS stands for eXtendable Markup Language for Spread Sheets and is a standard for spreadsheet applications supported by many manufacturers. Data transfer paths
Program Microsoft Excel older than XP/2002 (version 10) Microsoft Excel XP/2002 (version 10) Microsoft Excel 2003 (version 11) Microsoft Excel Viewer 2003 OpenOffice.Org 2.2 Data transfer COM XMLSS XMLSS does not work XMLSS, if the application Calc is linked to the extension .xls

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Export as gas analysis database

Export into other formats


Export as gas analysis database
Only for GAS projects export is possible for new Bentley application gas analysis. After selecting the menu option File->Export->Gas analysis, the dialog Save file opens to ask for the file name for the gas analysis project which is to be created.

After input of the desired file name and printing of the memory button export starts. In the status line the export progress is displayed, until the gas analysis project is completely created.

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Export as WaterCAD/WaterGEMS database

Export as WaterCAD/WaterGEMS database


Only for WATER projects export is possible to the Bentley applications WaterCAD and wading suppl. Ems. After selecting the menu option File->Export->Gas analysis, the dialog Save file opens to ask for the file name for the WaterCAD project which is to be created.

After input of the desired file name and printing of the memory button export starts. In the status line the export progress is displayed, until the WaterCAD project is completely created.

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Working with PrintPrep


PrintPrep in the V8i release is the successor to sisFrame. sisHYD offers a series of interesting co-operation possibilities with the plot tool PrintPrep. Compared to normal plotting/printing with MicroStation, many output functions can be automated in combination with PrintPrep. The following section is about linking both programs.

Linking with PrintPrep


sisHYD primarily supplies 2 kinds of printed designs: Representation of network supervision (network sketch or schematic view) Profile plots For the documentation of these designs, just the design is usually framed and provided with a text field. This is precisely the task (and additional functions, described below) that PrintPrep executes. PrintPrep enables templates to be prepared, into which design content and additional information is transferred. Using the PrintPrep toolbox, the templates can be used and printed with one click.

PrintPrep Elements
PrintPrep makes possible to produce templates for printing. These templates contain: Pure CAD elements, like the border DIN of the canvas. Specially marked areas (PrintPrep frames), which are filled at a later point when the template is used. Different kinds of placeholders for texts, which are replaced then the template is used.

Basic functions of PrintPrep


Interactive, true to scale selection of design details for place holders in the template (any rotations can be set). Transmission of calculation information into the title block (rotation, scale of required design details, date, time).

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Special functions of sisHYD for PrintPrep

Special functions of sisHYD for PrintPrep


After selection of a detail, no legend is normally present in the selected range. sisHYD supplies the function (sishyd_legende), with which a PrintPrep viewport is filled with the legend. Text functions name the calculation, the project and the variable:
Text function Task:

The argument is the name of the PrintPrep Viewport (to determine the assigned network calculation) Network, Calculation Description Project Medium Variable Name of the calculated network from the dialog Network Name of the calculation from the dialog static network calculation Comment on the network calculation from the stationary network calculation dialog File name of the last project save Name of the calculated medium from the stationary network calculation dialog - relevant for gas networks Name of the calculated variable from the dialog static network calculation

Not for text nodes, but as argument for the framework mode sisXXX, Example: sishyd_legende/Ausschnitt1 writes the legend for the drawing of the PrintPrep framework named Ausschnitt1 in the marked PrintPrep viewport Legend Draw a legend for a PrintPrep viewport

Evaluation functions for the transmission of calculation results into the plot. All evaluation functions receive the names of the desired network object as argument:
Name of the evaluation function Node pressure Node temperature Node pressure height Element mass flow Element entry flow rate Element exit flow rate Element entry temperature Element exit temperature Element pressure loss Element entry pressure Element exit pressure Task: Pressure of a node Temperature of a node Hydraulic pressure of a node Mass flow of the element Entry flow rate of an element Exit flow rate of an element Entry temperature of an element Exit temperature of an element Pressure loss of an element Entry pressure of an element Exit pressure of an element

The argument is the name of a network object

The argument is the name of a network object, whereby the running number of the object can be given in alphabetical order above the name Example: h_versorger_leistung (#1) determines the performance of the first supplier

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Special functions of sisHYD for PrintPrep

Name of the evaluation function Feeder name Feeder performance Feeder mass flow Feeder entry flow rate Feeder exit flow rate Feeder entry temperature Feeder exit temperature Feeder pressure loss Feeder entry pressure Feeder exit pressure Pump name Pump number of revolutions Pump delivery height Pump performance Pump mass flow Pump entry flow rate Pump exit flow rate Pump entry temperature Pump exit temperature Pump entry pressure Pump exit pressure Valve name Valve position Valve pressure loss Valve mass flow Valve entry flow rate Valve exit flow rate Valve entry temperature Valve exit temperature Valve exit pressure Valve entry pressure

Task: Name of a supplier Feeding performance of a supplier Mass flow of a supplier Entry flow rate of a supplier Exit flow rate of a supplier Entry temperature of a supplier Exit temperature of a supplier Pressure loss of a supplier Entry pressure of a supplier Exit pressure of a supplier Name of a pump Number of revolutions of a pump Delivery height of a pump Electrical performance of a pump Mass flow of a pump Entry flow rate of a pump Exit flow rate of a pump Entry temperature of a pump Exit temperature of a pump Entry pressure of a pump Exit pressure of a pump Name of an valve Position of an valve Pressure loss of an valve Mass flow of an valve Entry flow rate of an valve Exit flow rate of an valve Entry temperature of an valve Exit temperature of an valve Entry pressure of an valve Exit pressure of an valve

The Argument is the name of an unit-bound evaluation function, Example: h_label(h_pumpe_druckein) Label Determine a unit label for an unit-bound evaluation function.

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16

Working with PrintPrep


Special functions of sisHYD for PrintPrep

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Glossary

The glossary explains words and terms introduced in the documentation.


Clearing With clearing, removing of all graphic objects under text is meant, so that the text is easy to read. In practice the clearing takes place by distancing text and printing a white surface before printing the text. The mouse button that is connected with the data point function. For righthanders this is the left mouse button. Left-handed people can switch this data function to the right mouse button. Is the manometric pressure plus the static pressure of the medium. Calculation formula see Formula (14.40) on page 231. Is the manometric pressure plus the static pressure of the medium. Calculation formula see Formula (14.40) on page 231. Changing the window selection by moving the mouse. If Ctrl+data button is pressed in a viewport and the cursor moved in the desired direction with the data button held down (Ctrl key can be released), the design detail under the mouse moves. The further the cursor moves from the initial click position, the faster the design under the cursor moves. The mouse button which is connected to the Reset function. For right-handers this is the right mouse button. Left-handed people can switch this data function to the left mouse button. Range around the cursor in which a graphical element is searched for when the data button is clicked. If an item is situated within this search radius, it is captured. The snap distance set to 10 pixels as standard and is represented as a circle around the cursor. The mouse button which is connected with the tentative function. With 3 button mice this is usually the middle mouse button. MicroStation sets the key combination left + right mouse buttons as standard. With the tentative function you set a preselection for the next graphical element (options for this through the snap function modes). This preselection must be confirmed with the data key. Synonymous for tool box (the English-language version). Dialog mask with symbols for the manipulation of the graphic. Tool boxes have the feature that they can be attached to the frame of the window. In this mode the dialog title disappears to save space in favor of the diagram.

Data button

Hydraulic pressure Hydraulic pressure height Panning

Reset key

Snap distance

Tentative button

Toolbox Toolbox

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Installation Data directory Environment variable Program directory The directory in which data processed or produced by the software are stored. Default value is c:\sis_data\ Placed holder behind behind which a directory, a file or a certain value is hidden. The directory in which the software programs are installed. Default value is c:\programme\Bentley\sishyd V8i\ Sub-directory \site in Data directory. Default value is c:\sis_data\site\ Sub-directory \user in Data directory. In the standard installation each user receives their own Work directory. Default value is c:\sis_data\user\ Special data directory which is at the sole disposal of a user while the program is being used. The working directory is designated by sis_local Environment variable. Default value is c:\sis_data\user\sisuser\

Site directory User directory

Work directory

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Literature

[1]

Glck, B.: Heizwassernetze fr Wohn- und Industriegebiete; Verlags- und Wirtschaftsgesellschaft der Elektrizittswerke; Frankfurt (Main), 1985 Hakansson, K.: Handbuch der Fernwrmepraxis; Vulkan-Verlag, Essen, 1986 Jungnickel, D.: Graphen, Netzwerke und Algorithmen; BI-Wissenschaftsverlag, Mannheim, 1990 Schulz, H.: Die Pumpen; Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1977 Swamee, P.K.; Jain, K.A.: Explicit Equations for Pipe-Flow Problems; ASCE Journal of the Hydraulics Division 102 (1976) 5, S. 657-664 Truckenbrodt, E.: Fluidmechanik; Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1980 Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (Hrsg.): VDI-Wrmeatlas: Berechnungsbltter fr den Wrmebergang; VDI-Verlag, Dsseldorf, 1984 Bronstein, I.N.; Semendjajew, K.A.: Taschenbuch der Mathematik, Verlage Harri Deutsch, Thun und Frankfurt (Main), 1987 Bublitz, D.: Generalbericht des Studienkomitees fr Transport und Verteilung: Regelbare Pumpen in groen Fernheiznetzen, Fernwrme International, Adressbuch und Bezugsqullenverzeichnis FBV 85; Nachschlagewerk fr die Fernwrmeversorgung mit Generalberichten zum 22. UNICHAL Kongress 95 in Kopenhagen/Dnemark, Verlags- und Wirtschaftsgesellschaft der Elektrizittswerke, Frankfurt a. M., 1985

[2] [3]

[4] [5]

[6] [7]

[8]

[9]

sisHYD Handbook

267

Literature

[10]

Beecken, J.;Schaper, H.;Tuchs, M.: Zur hydraulischen Betriebssicherheit und Betriebsfhrung der Fernwrmetransportleitung Hamburg-Wedel, Fernwrme International, Jg. 20 (1991), Heft 12 Kreiselpumpen Lexikon; KSB Aktiengesellschaft, Frankenthal (Pfalz), 1989 Munser, H.: Fernwrmeversorgung; VEB Deutscher Verlag fr Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig, 1980 Dubbel: Taschenbuch fr den Maschinenbau, 18. Auflage, 1995, S. K14-K17 VDI/VDE Richtlinie 2173, Strmungstechnische Kenngren von Stellventilen und deren Bestimmung VDI/VDE Richtlinie 2176, Strmungstechnische Kenngren von Stellklappen und deren Bestimmung Frh, K.F.: Berechnung des Durchflusses in Regelventilen mit Hilfe der kv-Koeffizienten, Regelungstechnik, 9 (1957), S. 307-310 AGFW: Arbeitsblatt FW 440-2, 2008

[11] [12]

[13] [14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

268

sisHYD Handbook

Index

A
Administration
of projects 27

import from Excel 29, 35, 253 import from Microsoft Excel 29

D
Database file 26 Dataset abbreviation 166 Delete
in tables 18

Admixture regulations
Edit data 95

Alternative
edit 47

Assistant
Adopt suggested pipe types 213 archive sisHYD data volume 200 Combine projects 196 Delete customers 207 Delete results 204 export sisHYD Oracle 202 import sisHYD archives 190 Import/update customers from Excel 208 new project 185 sisHYD Oracle import 193 Update pipe lengths 211

Design
Object tracking 149 Open/close view 119 Profile plot 152 Tasks 149

Design fundamentals 219


Coefficients of drag at branches 221 Gas network with absolute pressure/positive pressure 233 Piping 219 Pressure charts 231 Pumps 220 Valves 221

B
Barrier 106 Basic map
display 149, 150 remove all 28 set 28, 204 Settings 28

Diagram path
create 215 Introduction to use 215

Dialog
Admixture regulations 95 Alternative 47 Consumer 66 Consumer group 84 Customer 70 change to consumers 39 Dataset abbreviation 166 Difference of pressure regulations 93 Drag coefficients 88 Drawing Templates 141 Edit table 19 Mass flow regulations 94 Medium Properties 87 Network data 43 Node 48 Pipe 52 Pipe class 75 Pressure controls 92 Pressure maintenance 91 Profile plot 152 Project note 42 Pump 60 Pump types 78 Selections 150 Steady State Network Calculation 97 Supplier 63 Temperature controls 95 Thermal bypasses 96 Unsteady State Network Calculation 109 Valve types 82 Valves 57 Zone 45

C
Calculation
Adopt suggested pipe typest 213

Consumer
construct 129 delete generated consumers 207 edit 66 Edit groups 84 produce from customer data 39 Zone allocation 66

Consumer groups
Edit data 84

Conventions
Dataset names 15 Editing data records 19 Saving data sets 19

Coordinates
Input of 48

CUSTOMER
construct 130 delete 39, 207

Customer
change to consumers 39 Edit a customers data 70 Customer configuration 34, 35

Customer data
Format 254 import 30

Difference of pressure regulations

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269

Index
Edit data 93 open folders 34 Open project 27 Plot/Print 35

Dimensioning 107
Settings in network calculation 97

Display task navigation 149 Documentation,


Folder 34

Fittings
assign 55

G
GIS import 237

Drag coefficients
edit 88

Drawing
Configure display 141

H
Help
about sisHYD 180 Contents 177 Help text bubble 179 search 178 Settings 148 use 179

E
Edit
Delete history 37 Examine network data 39 Examine pipe lengths 39 History display 38 Read-only mode 39 Redo 37 Undo 37 Edit tables 18

I
Import
Customer data 29, 30, 35 from Excel 253 from Microsoft Excel 250 from sisNET 237 HR data 237 Pipe classes 29, 35 Pipe classes from Excel 252 sisHYD archive 28, 190 sisHYD Oracle save 193 sisNET data 29 using text file 237 edit 54

Excel
Import Pipe classes 252 Import data 250 Import/update customers 208 Worksheet for imports 251

Export
in Oracle format 33 in sisHYD format 33 sisHYD archive 200 sisHYD Oracle 202 to Bentley gas analysis 34 to Bentley WaterCAD/WaterGEMSs 34

Inflexion points Insert


in tables 18

Exterior temperature
of a pipe 54

Installation folder 34 Isolation Valve 53

F
Facilities configuration
Project note 42

L
Load prognosis 105 Localization
Snap distance 22

Feeder
construct 129

File
Basic map remove all 28 set 28 Settings 28 Batch print 35 Close project 28 Edit file 35 end 36 export Gas analysis 34 sisHYD archive 33 sisHYD Oracle 33 WaterCAD 34 import Combine projects 29 Customer data 30 Customer data from Excel 29 Pipe classes from Excel 29 sisHYD archive 28 sisHYD Oracle 28 SISNET 29

M
Mass flow regulations
Edit data 94

Medium properties
edit 87

Menu
Popups 17

N
Network calculation
Barrier 106 Dimensioning 107 Load prognosis 105 Options 108 Pipe result 56 Pressure maintenance 102 Regulation 103 Settings 97, 109 Supplier 104 Transient 110

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sisHYD Handbook

Index Network construction


Snap distance 22 Create path 130 Diagram types 153 Index Axes 158 Index functions 157 Index layout 161 Index paths 155 Legend 162 Length coordinate synchronisation 162 mm grid network 162 Search depth for bypasses 163 Symbol explanation 156

Network data
edit 43

Node
Edit data 48 move 134 Network sketch construct 123

O
Object info 148 Objects
Info. from design 148 track 149

Program
PrintPrep 170 sisHYD 169 sMenu 169

Operation
Edit table 19

Project
close 28 Comment 42 Import Oracle saves 28 new 185 open 27 project 26 projects 29

P
Pipe
Fittings Tab 55 General Tab 52 Inflexion Points Tab 54 construct 124 Delete inflexion point 136 Edit data 52 Isolation 53 join 137 Move inflexion point 135 Pipe class 53 Pipe class edit 75 Pressure loss coefficient 53 Recalculate length 211 Symmetry with systems with several leaders 53 Update length 39 Zone allocation 53

Pump
construct 126 Edit data 60 Pump type 61 Zone allocation 61

Pump type
Pump 61

Pump types
Edit data 78

Pumps
Edit type 78

R
ReadMe 178 Read-only mode 39 Reference files 28 Regulation 103
Edit admixture regulations 95 Edit difference of pressure regulations 93 Edit flow regulations 94 Edit pressure controls 92 Edit pressure maintenance 91 Edit temperature controls 95 Edit thermal. bypasses 96

Pipe class
Edit data 75 Pipe 53

Pipe classes Pipes

import from Excel 29, 35 import from Microsoft Excel 29 Result Tab 56

Popup menus. 17 Pressure controls


Edit data 92

Pressure loss
Pipe 53

Report
draft 113

Pressure maintenance 102


Edit data 91

Right key menus 17

Print
Batch print 35 designs 35

S
Selection 150 sisHYD
end 36 start 169

PrintPrep
edit new template 170 start 170 Toolbox Quick access 170 Profile plot 152 Axis attributes 159 Axis types 158

sisHYD menu 169 sisHYD task


A feeders create 129 All nodes select 139 Create consumer 129 Create customer 130 Create node 123

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271

Index
Create Pipe 124 Create profile path 130 Create pump 126 Create valve 127 Delete inflexion point 136 Delete object 137 Dialog selection open 139 join pipes 137 Move inflexion point 135 Move network 131 Move nodes 134 Object process 134 Transform network 132

W
Work directory 34

Z
Zine
Allocation of a consumer 66

Zone
Allocation of a pipe 53 Allocation of a pump 61 Allocation of a supplier 63 Allocation of an valve 58 edit 45

SISNET
Data import from 29

Snap 21 Snap distance


for localization 22

Supplier
Edit data 63 Network calculation 104 Zone allocation 63

Support
LiveMeeting 174

Support meeting 174 Symmetry


of pipes 53

T
Tasks 120 Temperature controls
Edit data 95

Text interface 237 Thermal bypasses


Edit data 96

Toolbox
Open/close view 119 Search 150 sisHYD settings 148

Toolboxes
close 139 open 139 Transient 110

U
Units
configure 165

V
Validation 39 Valve
construct 127 Type of valve 58 Zone allocation 58

Valve types
Edit data 82

Valves
Edit data 57 Edit type 82

Views
close 119 open 119

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Index

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Index

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