According to the Green Paper presented by the European Commission in July 2001, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept

whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business Operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis (Commission of the European Communities, 2001, p. 6).

Concepts of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and its practices in Bangladesh have a long history of philanthropic activities from time immemorial. Such philanthropic activities included donations to different charitable organizations, poor people and religious institutions. Until now, most businesses in Bangladesh are family owned and first generation ones. They are involved in community development work in the form of charity without having any definite policy regarding the expenses or any concrete motive regarding financial gains in many instances. Creation of NGOs by the private sector for undertaking 'social' activities is one strategy of CSR.

Some CSR activities of NGOs in Bangladesh are given below:

1. NGO significantly address the eco-justice issues of poverty alleviation, equal

opportunities, child labor and public health services in Bangladesh.

2. NGO played an important role in emergency relief activities during the cyclone of 1991

and the catastrophic floods of 1988 and 1998. 3. NGOs initiated a program to provide training/orientation to nurses and doctors on immediate burn management at the local level in cooperation with the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, local civil surgeons and officers.
4. NGOs social reintegration services aid acid survivors in the social and economic

reintegration process.
5. NGO is dedicated to raising awareness of acid violence and making acid violence an

urgent public concern.

6. NGOs like BRAC, 1996, started a program in collaboration with ASK and Bangladesh

National Women Leaders Association to empower women to protect themselves from social discrimination and exploitation of which dowry, rape, acid throwing, polygamy, domestic violence and oral divorce are common in rural Bangladeshi communities. 7. BRAC also offers external services such as access to lawyers or the police either through legal aid clinics, by helping women report cases at the local police station or when seeking medical care in the case of acid victims.

8. BRAC conducted one of the largest NGO responses to Cyclone Sidr which hit vast areas

of the south-western coast in Bangladesh in mid-November 2007. 9. BRAC is now focusing on long-term rehabilitation, which will include agriculture support, infrastructure reconstruction and livelihood regeneration.
10. Some NGOs provide health services to the garments workers in partnership with garment

factories.
11. NGOs help the society indirectly by providing a safety-net for continued participation in

the face of challenges and ultimately help improve and increase the returns on investment in skills and education.
12. NGOs encourage rural people for the betterment by Patgram project, Intestinal Parasites,

Home Gardening, Comprehensive primary.

13. NGOs conduct Polio and Cataract Free Zone Project, Post Flood Resettlement and

Arsenic Awareness Project for health care benefit of rural people of Bangladesh. 14. NGOs also conducting Comprehensive program For Prevention for free.
15. NGO PROSHIKAs development programs have helped more than 2.7 million of its

group members significantly improve their living standard over the years. This has been revealed in the most recent Impact Assessment Study (IAS 2002) of PROSHIKA programs. 16. PROSHIKA has achieved or, sometimes, even exceeded most of the targets set in the phase VI five-year plan (1999-2004).
17. PROSHIKA has also been able to facilitate a process of social change which is leading to

the elimination or reduction of forces that reproduce poverty and disempower the poor. 18. Members of poverty-free households, ownership of land, average income, school enrolment rate, lowering dependency on money-lenders, average savings, use of sanitary latrine, etc, show the significant achievements of NGOs in Bangladesh.
19. North-West Crop Diversification Project, Fourth Fisheries Project, Forestry Sector

Project, Well-Being of Developing Countries research Project, School Feeding Program etc. are conducting by the NGOs for moving the poor out of poverty.

20. NGOs also provide Secondary Towns Water Supply and Sanitation, Secondary Education

Teacher Training, Post-Literacy and Continuing Education Project (formerly Second Non-Formal Education), Secondary Education II, Assistance to SME Sector Development Program, Agribusiness Development, Emergency Disaster Damage Rehabilitation (Sector) Project, Skills Development for rural people of Bangladesh.