Project Description (Elecpro)

Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city
1. Project Description Detials Solving MSW problems in Vientiane City and simultaneously producing electricity and useful soil conditioner. Scope of Work Detail design, consruction work, purchase of engineering equipment and give training to plant operators. Capacity of the factory The factory can withstand the load of 300 ton of municiapl solid waste per day, produce 30 tons of soil conditioner and generate 2,000kw Electricity Income y y y y Investment cost Financial Fleasibility Tippin Fee Soil Conditioner Electricity Material Recovery
20 million US dollar IRR 30%
Company s Service Smart Energy Joint Venture is willing to offer Vientiane City an innovative SMSWE (Smart Municipal Solid Waste to Energy) system capable of turning municipal solid waste into electricity and soil conditioner. The proposed system can be used as an alternative to inapropriate dumping-site landfills, which at the moment cause a tremendous burben on Vientiane City s adminstrators. Moreover, apart from solving waste problems, this project also generate electricity and organic soil conditioner, which help improve the environment. Smart Energy-SMSWE process
Smart Energy Co.Ltd. 80/127 Soi Ladprao 58/1 Wangthonglang , Wangthonglang Bangkok 10310 Thailand Tel: (662) 933-7644 Fax: (662) 933-8147 Email: Dr.sommart.smartenergy@gmail.com
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The process developed by Smart Energy is a combination of waste physical sorting facili es and anerobic t digestion of organic solid for generation of electricity. Smart Energy s anaerobic digestion process have been delvelopped continuously for over ten years of experiences in the area of municipal waste water treatment and palm oil mill waste to energy projects. Now Smart Energy s has received a patent for its anaerobic digestion technology, which has a trademark name of Smart Digestor. A Comparison Between Different MSW Disposal Process There are many ways to handle MSW. However, there are also strength and
weakness in every kind of process. It is essential that an appropriate technology, which gives solution to the existing problem, is implemented. Table 1. Advantages and disadvantages of different waste to energy process Process
Rotary Klin Incinerator
Description
Advantages
Disadvantages
Not a very popular process High investment and operating cost
Incineration of MSW inside a y rotating cylinder. MSW will be burnt when contacted with y the wall of the cylinder. y
Fluidized-bed Reactor(FBR)
Steam Treatment &Gasification
In FBR air is passed through a bed of granular solid material combined with MSW. MSW is used as a fuel. It raises when subjected to large enough fluid(gas) velocity. The reactor has a cylindrical shape and usually made out of silica or ceramic. The process involved heating MSW with high temperate steam(Autoclave), which convert MSW into refuse derived fuel(RDF).
y y y
Waste doesn t have to y be sorted. Thermal efficiency as y high as 80% This process can deal with MSW that comprised of different kind of waste with different heating value. Low investment and y operating cost Thermal efficiency as high as 90% Can be used to eliminate a variety of waste.
The size of MSW entering the FBR must be specifically control; otherwise FBR will not function properly.
y y
Moving Grate Stoker Incinerator
The process continuously y treated municipal solid waste of inter- diameter less than 50
MSW doesn t need to be sorted. Most MSW can be treated which leaves very little to be sent to landfill. The size of MSW from this process is reduced by 80% to 90%.
During gasification, tars, heavy metals, halogens and alkaline compounds are released. It is very likely that this process will be protested by local

centimeters. Others larger or y explosive MSW, such as vehicle engines and tires, are not allowed in the Moving Grate Stoker Incinerator. Require small space.
y
Smart EnergySMSWE
A full-scale MSW y management infrastructure utilizing a patented Smart Digester technology to convert organic waste into y electricity. MSW that are not categorized as organic waste will be separated, recycled or recovered or to the landfill.
Smart digester is y environmental friendly and safe for local people. This process produced large amount of useful soil conditioner and electricity.
people. The process produced Dioxin, SOx and NOx therefore a treating unit have to be install along with the incinerator. Large area is required for the construction of pond lagoon.
Project s Objective 1. To reduce the unpleasant impact of municipal solid waste on Vientiane city by mean of a genuine waste to energy process. 2. To produce electricity and soil conditioner from soli d organic wastes giving the project considerably income. 3. To sort municipal solid waste so that some material, for instance plastic bags and bottles, can be separated and recycled. Project s Benefits 1. This project will improve environment sanitation and the well being of people in Vientiane city due to reduction in the amount of untreated municipal solid waste being handled inappropriately. 2. This project will offer job for local people and increase the income of small business around the area of the construction. 3. This project will provide environmental friendly conversion of waste to energy by Smart Digester system. 4. This project will supply more electricity to the villages.
2. SMSWE technology description Smart Energy-SWSWE process is divided into four parts. The first part will be referred to as front-end section, the second section is called biogas and electricity generation, and the third part is called effluent treatment/recycle, while the last section is the production of soil conditioner. Smart Energy has designed various front-end facilities capable of preliminary separation of large and metallic MSW with size greater than 60mm. Municipal solid that is smaller than 60mm will be separated from the rest of the solid waste and carried by a conveyor to the hydro -separator, which used water as a separating medium. In this project, Smart
Digester will be used to convert organic solid wastes into biogas. Smart Energy Co.Ltd has received a patent for the Smart Digester technology innovation, thus making Smart Energy the only company that has an official license for using Smart Digester. For almost ten years Smart Energy Co.Ltd has developed impressive reputation for waste to energy project in Palm Mill Factories in the South of Thailand using Smart Digester. Front-end Front-end section of the system responsible for separating inorganic waste, such as plastic, metal and glass from organic waste, such as agricultural residue and food. It is water-based, which enable effective separation of MSW 1. Hand Sorting & Bag Opening
Conveyor
MSW collected by trucks will be dumped in the closed area of the plant, scoped up by a tractor and placed onto a conveyor belt to be hand-picked. Big size MSW such as
umbrella, tires or any material of size greater than 300mm are

picked out of the conveyor belt while the rest entered the bag opening unit. Nearly 15% or 45 tons/day of the MSW inputs are big size material that can be sold as recycled prod uct. Meanwhile, another 45 tons of big-size material that cannot be recycled (such as rubber) will to be taken to the landfill dumping area. Biogas and Electricity Generation 2. Hydro Separation Hydro Separation is a unit that separate solid waste by density. Plastic with less density floated on top of the
separator while heavy solid such as rock will sink to the bottom. The two types of solid waste located at the top and bottom of the separator will be collected leaving organic solid waste will be in the middle . A turbine is employed to enhance the speed of the separation and push organic solid waste into the Grinder and then the equalization pond. This is time the organic solid should be less than 10mm. 3. Smart Digester
Construction
Smart Digester is a constructed earth pond structure lined with reinforced concrete. The reactor has a narrow, long, shallow shape and it contains two compartments. The first compartment, located inside the second one, provided retention time for the incoming waste. Under anaerobic condition these waste are consumed by bacteria and then gas is generated. Similar to the oxidation ditch, the first compartment is where mixed liquor suspended solids (wastewater and bacteria) are circulated around. Flow makers installed at both end of the compartment are used to provide the circulation necessary to maintain solid suspension. The second compartment or the sedimentation chamber is located around the first one. By gravity settlement under unturbulent condition, suspended solid is separated from the clear effluent in the second compartment, which gives more time for bacteria contained in the suspended solid
Construction
Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city Smart Digester
to react in the first compartment. A separation between the bottom part to allow the mixed liquor from the first compartment (reaction chamber) to pass through to the second compartment (sedimentation chamber). However, the settled sludge (including bacteria is returned to first ) compartment). The Smart Digester that will be used in this project 3 have been designed to treat 1,080m of 6% organic diluted waste waterwaste per day, which is equivalent to 54 TTS per day or 48.6 TVS per day. It is calculated that 24,000m3 of biogas with 60% methane can be produced per day. The temperature of the lagoon and acidity (pH) is maintained at 35oC and 7 neutral. The loading rate is usually kept at 4.1 kilogram of dry solid per 1m3 of the digester to preserve a reasonable food to mass ratio inside the digester. Biogas generated will flow from the digester to the desulphurization unit and dehumidification unit first and then to the Electric Generator. Smart Energy Joint Venture have proposed an evironmental friendly solution for Vientiane s municipal solid waste managment. 4. Generation of Electricity Electric generator uses biogas as a fuel for internal combustion. The torque produced from this combustion will rotate the turbine which can generate approximately 2Kwe.h of electricity for every 1m3 of biogas. The electrical current produced by the Generator is send to the transformer and then the grid. A protection unit employed to ensure the safety of the grid connection unit. For this project it is calculated that 2.000Mwe will be generated from two 1Mwe electric generators. 5. Production of Soil Conditioner Apart from the generation of electricity, Smart energy SMSWE also uses the effluent sludge from the Smart Digester lagoon to produce soil conditioner for agricultural purpose.
Gas Cleaning Unit: Desulphurification
Approximately 369m3 of effluent sludge is carried to the belt filter per day, which produced 81 tons of filter cake per day to be dried into 30tons of soil conditioner per day with 50% moisture content. 3. Conceptual Design In this project the following site will be constructed. A model picture of the construction site is shown below.
4 3 5
Key 1. Front-end Building(Sorting) 2. Smart Digester lagoon 3. Gas Cleaning Station 4. Anaerobic Pond 5. Soil conditioner production building 6. Control room 7. Office 8. Electrical Generators
6 1 7
Modeling of the whole campus
There are three main construction site 1. Front-end buildings 2. Soil conditioner production buildings
3. Smart Digestor + Gas Cleaning Unit
1. Front-end building The Front-end building ,covering 6,250m2 of the
Front-end Modeling 1
area and 8.5m in hieght, consist of two closed rooms; a room for dumping waste and a room for seperating wastes. The room for dumping waste is designed for
the colllection of 300 ton of MSW per day (99,000ton per year). This room is separated from the waste
physical sorting room because wastes produced unpleasant smell and should be kept in closed -system and away from workers. This way workers in the handsorting section will not have to suffer from health 1 4 3 2 consequences due to hazardous smell. The room for serperating wastes will contain four conveyers for the hand sorting lines (number 1), bag opener (number 2), two full-scale trommels (rotary screen; number 3), two magnetic separators and four hydro-separation tank (number 4). 2. Soil conditioner production buildings
This building is located on the right side of the Front end building. The size of the building is 20 x 45m2 x 6m. The building contain a belt filter and a drying machine is used to reduce the water content of the sludge from Smart Digester. 3. Smart Digestor + Gas Cleaning Unit Smart Digestor, 100m x 28m lagoon, are covered with a large HDPE plastic sheet. The lagoon are approximately 6.00m deep and four flow meters are employed to help solid suspension inside the reactor.
The construction of Smart Digestor is perhaps the most complicated task because the model is specifically designed for giving anerobic digestion an optimal reaction condition. Gas produced within reactor will be carried to the gas cleaning unit which is located beside the Soil Conditioner Producing Building. The area require for the installation of a water condenser (to get rid of moisture content in gas) and a desulphurification unit is approximately 200m2. This project proposed by Smart Energy Joint Venture is an environmetal friendly solution to MSW problem in Lao PDR. Impletmentation of the project would reduce MSW dumping and burning practices that caused pollution in Lao PDR. The system supplied by Smart Energy Co.Ltd have been proven to be one of the best. Smart Energy Joint Venture is eager to work together with local insitution in Lao PDR to develop a sustainable MSW management system.
4. Flesibility of Project
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Sma t E e y C . t . 80/127 Soi Ladprao 58/1 Wangthonglang , Wangthonglang Bangkok 10310 hailand el: (662) 933-7644 ax: (662) 933-8147 E ail: Dr.so art.s artenergy g ail.co

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Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city

20 million US dollar IRR 30%

Smart Energy Co.Ltd. 1|Page

Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city

Steam Treatment &Gasification

Moving Grate Stoker Incinerator

Smart Energy Co.Ltd. 2|Page

Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city

Smart Energy Co.Ltd. 3|Page

Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city

umbrella, tires or any material of size greater than 300mm are

Smart Energy Co.Ltd. 4|Page

Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city

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Gas Cleaning Unit: Desulphurification

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Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city

Modeling of the whole campus

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Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city

3. Smart Digestor + Gas Cleaning Unit

1. Front-end building The Front-end building ,covering 6,250m2 of the

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Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city

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Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city

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Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city

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Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city

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Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city

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Lao PDR s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project Vientiane city

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