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1.1 OVERVIEW
Each interface between the GSM system entities is an open interface which is defined in the GSM specifications. The figure on the opposite page provides an overview of the protocols used on the interfaces. Between the BSC and the MSC the ITU-T Signaling System No.7 protocol is used with the different types of applications. Between the MS and the BSC the LAPD protocol is used. Entities on the same functional level are able to communicate with each other. The sloping lines in the figure indicate a mapping between messages from one to another protocol. The following figure shows the scheme of GSM signaling architecture.
1.1.1.1 RIL3-RR (Radio Interface Layer 3 - Radio Resource management) It is used for the direct MS - BSC communication. It comprises paging, radio-channel access, ciphering, hand over and radio-signal control procedures. An example of a RIL3-RR message is: MS report indicating the quality of the received signal. 1.1.1.2 RIL3-MM (Mobility Management) It is used for the communication between the MS and the MSC. It handles roaming and authentication procedures. An example of a RIL3-MM message is: MS location update. 1.1.1.3 RIL3-CM (Call Management) It is used for the communication between the MS and the MSC. It takes care of the ordinary call-control procedures such as call establishment and release, and access to services. The BSS performs a direct transfer of the RIL3-MM and RIL3-CM protocol messages between the MS and the MSC without BSS processing.
It depends on the type of application part message to be transferred whether connectionless SCCP or connection-oriented SCCP is used. For example, connectionless SCCP is used when a paging request is sent from the MSC to the BSC. Connection-oriented SCCP is, for example, used when a wireless call has to be established.
1.1.9
The G-Interface uses the MAP protocol to support the transfer of subscriber information between VLRs when the associated MS moves from one VLR service area to another.