Tedetrau

GERAN
Information
Transcoding and Rate Adaption Unit

TED:eTRAU
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The information in this document is subject to change without notice and describes only the
product defined in the introduction of this documentation. This documentation is intended for the
use of Nokia Siemens Networks customers only for the purposes of the agreement under which
the document is submitted, and no part of it may be used, reproduced, modified or transmitted
in any form or means without the prior written permission of Nokia Siemens Networks. The
documentation has been prepared to be used by professional and properly trained personnel,
and the customer assumes full responsibility when using it. Nokia Siemens Networks welcomes
customer comments as part of the process of continuous development and improvement of the
documentation.
The information or statements given in this documentation concerning the suitability, capacity,
or performance of the mentioned hardware or software products are given "as is" and all liability
arising in connection with such hardware or software products shall be defined conclusively and
finally in a separate agreement between Nokia Siemens Networks and the customer. However,
Nokia Siemens Networks has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructions
contained in the document are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. Nokia
Siemens Networks will, if deemed necessary by Nokia Siemens Networks, explain issues which
may not be covered by the document.
Nokia Siemens Networks will correct errors in this documentation as soon as possible. IN NO
EVENT WILL Nokia Siemens Networks BE LIABLE FOR ERRORS IN THIS DOCUMENTA-
TION OR FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDI-
RECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL OR ANY LOSSES, SUCH AS BUT NOT LIMITED
TO LOSS OF PROFIT, REVENUE, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY
OR DATA,THAT MAY ARISE FROM THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR THE INFORMATION
IN IT.
This documentation and the product it describes are considered protected by copyrights and
other intellectual property rights according to the applicable laws.
The wave logo is a trademark of Nokia Siemens Networks Oy. Nokia is a registered trademark
of Nokia Corporation. Siemens is a registered trademark of Siemens AG.
Other product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks of their respective
owners, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only.
Copyright Nokia Siemens Networks 2008. All rights reserved
f Important Notice on Product Safety
Elevated voltages are inevitably present at specific points in this electrical equipment.
Some of the parts may also have elevated operating temperatures.
Non-observance of these conditions and the safety instructions can result in personal
injury or in property damage.
Therefore, only trained and qualified personnel may install and maintain the system.
The system complies with the standard EN 60950 / IEC 60950. All equipment connected
has to comply with the applicable safety standards.
The same text in German:
Wichtiger Hinweis zur Produktsicherheit
In elektrischen Anlagen stehen zwangslufig bestimmte Teile der Gerte unter Span-
nung. Einige Teile knnen auch eine hohe Betriebstemperatur aufweisen.
Eine Nichtbeachtung dieser Situation und der Warnungshinweise kann zu Krperverlet-
zungen und Sachschden fhren.
Deshalb wird vorausgesetzt, dass nur geschultes und qualifiziertes Personal die
Anlagen installiert und wartet.
Das System entspricht den Anforderungen der EN 60950 / IEC 60950. Angeschlossene
Gerte mssen die zutreffenden Sicherheitsbestimmungen erfllen.

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Table of Contents
This document has 61 pages.
Reason for Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.1 BSS Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.2 eTRAU Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.3 eTRAU Main Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.4 eTRAU Traffic Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.4.1 Connectivity - PCM lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2 Hardware Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.2 eTRAU Hardware Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.2.1 eTRAU Equipment Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.2.2 Rack Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.2.2.1 Upper Shelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
2.2.2.2 Lower Shelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.2.2.3 DC Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.2.2.4 Lamp Alarm Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.2.3 eTRAU Rack External Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.2.4 Alarms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.2.5 Redundancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.2.6 eTRAU Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.2.7 eTRAU Rack Physical Characteristic and Power Consumption . . . . . . . . . 35
3 Blade Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3.1 Main Control Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.2 Switching Matrix (SMAC and eIOSM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.3 Media Stream Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.4 LIET Blade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.5 LISO Blade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3.6 Shelf Manager Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.7 Shelf Alarm Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
3.8 Alarm Collector and Fan Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3.9 Power Entry Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.10 Power Supply (DC Panel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
3.11 Lamp Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4 Software Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.1 Base Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
4.2 O&M Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
4.3 Application Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
5 Environmental Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
5.1 Storage and Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
5.2 Stationary Use Indoor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
5.3 Electromagnetic Compatibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
5.3.1 Emission Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

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5.3.2 Immunity Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
6 Product safety and EMF Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
6.1 Product Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
6.2 Power Supply Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

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List of Figures
Figure 1 BSS Network Architecture and External Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Figure 2 LMT Evolution within the BSS System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Figure 3 Configurations with BSC Connected to TRAU1 and eTRAU. . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 4 eTRAU and BSS System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 5 eTRAU aTCA Shelf Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 6 eTRAU HW Architecture Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 7 eTRAU Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Figure 8 eTRAU Rack Schema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 9 eTRAU Upper Shelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 10 eTRAU Lower Shelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Figure 11 Lamp Alarm Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Figure 12 Lamp Alarm Panel Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 13 eTRAU External Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Figure 14 MPC Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Figure 15 SMAC Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Figure 16 MSB Internal Architecture & Flow Path from Asub to A Interfaces . . . . 43
Figure 17 LIET / IOLI Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Figure 18 APS 1+1 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Figure 19 LISO Blade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Figure 20 Shelf Manager Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Figure 21 SAP Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Figure 22 Power Distribution Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Figure 23 Lamp Panel Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Figure 24 eTRAU Software Physical Allocation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Figure 25 eTRAU Layered SW Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

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List of Tables
Table 1 Summary of eTRAU Capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Table 2 Cardinality and Redundancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Table 3 Physical Characteristics of the eTRAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Table 4 Storage and Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Table 5 Environmental Standards for Stationary Use Indoor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Table 6 Product Safety Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Table 7 Power Supply Interface Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

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TED:eTRAU Reason for Update
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Reason for Update
Issue History
Issue 2 for Release BR9.0
Introduction (1)
New note about SMLC
Issue Date Summary
01 12/2007 New release BR9.0
02 02/2008 Minor Changes

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1 Introduction
This manual describes the features provided in the HW/SW architecture of the eTRAU
and it is organized as follows.
Chapter 1: Introduction
This chapter explains the purpose of this manual, its organization and how the user can
use it. Besides it introduces the NEs (BSC, BTS, TRAU) of the BSS system together
with the LMT Evolution, their main characteristics and functions.
Chapter 2: Hardware Architecture
Main purpose of this chapter is to give an overview of eTRAU Hardware Architecture
and the internal connection between the main components. Besides it describes the
open hardware platform aTCA.
Chapter 3: Blade Description
In this chapter each eTRAU blade with its main functions is described; for each blade it
is given a short introduction to its main characteristics. The Hardware Design Specifica-
tion describes the hardware functionalities and the implementation of the WARP blade.
Chapter 4: Software Architecture
This chapter describes the software physical allocation on each related blade; the
logical software architecture is subdivided into Functional Areas and Subsystems.
Chapter 5: Environmental Standards
This chapter provides in table form Storage, Transportation, Stationary Use Indoor and
Outdoor, Electromagnetic Compatibility, Emission and Immunity Requirements to which
BSS system shall be aligned.
Chapter 6: Product Safety and EMF Protection
This chapter provides in table form Product Safety and EMF Protection and Power
Supply Interface Requirements.
1.1 BSS Overview
The BSS network architecture is represented in Figure 1.The system includes the fol-
lowing main components:
BTSE
BSC
TRAU
LMT
The following NEs are not part of the BSS system but interact with it to provide services
in the GSM mobile network:
MSC
RC
GGSN, SGSN nodes
3GPP SMLC NE and GMLC to support and manage the Location Services
g The NSN BSC can be connected via the standard compliant Lb interface (BSS
centric architecture) to various 3GPP SMLC Network Elements. Supported position-

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Introduction
ing methods are: CI, CI+TA enhanced CI+TA and A-GPS. The SBS BSC has been
certified and released to operate in conjunction with a preferred technology partner
for server-based SMLC solutions. The Lb interface is an available interface as part
of the functionality of the SBS. If the customer elects to integrate a 3rd party 3GPP
SMLC Network Element via the Lb interface to the BSC, it should be noted that the
BSC is not certified and released to be operated with a 3rd party 3GPP SMLC
Network Element. Integration for certification and operation for the 3rd party 3GPP
SMLC Network Element must be secured and a proposal for this effort can be
obtained from NSN to assure the proper interworking of LCS functionality in the
current BR9.0 Release.
g In current BR9.0 Release, both BSC1 (BSC/72, BSC/120) and eBSC are supported.
In this manual BSC1 and eBSC are named BSC when there are not differences
between them in term of supported features or functional behavior. When instead
the NEs differ for hardware or software components, they are referred as BSC1 or
eBSC respectively.
g In current BR9.0 Release, both TRAU1 and eTRAU are supported. In this manual
TRAU1 and eTRAU are named TRAU when there are not differences between them
in term of supported features or functional behavior. When instead the NEs differ for
hardware or software components, they are referred as TRAU1 or eTRAU respec-
tively.
The main characteristics and functions of each BSS component are described below.
Base Transceiver Station Equipment
The BTSE comprises the entire radio network equipment installed in a site for a single
cell or a group of cells, each of which (a BTS) is characterized by its own BSIC. In case
of sector cells, each cell refers to its own BTS, although all BTSs are physically grouped
together in the same site (BTSE). The BTSE provides functions such as speech and
channel encoding/decoding, transmission and reception, etc.
Base Station Controller
The BSC is the main component of the BSS system and it provides the interfaces to the
BTS and TRAU NEs and to the RC for O&M functions. All the main components of the
BSC are duplicated in order to provide a fault-tolerant mechanism. The BSC administers
the radio resources, it maps the radio channels to terrestrial channels and it supports
HO procedures between the connected cells.
Transcoding and Rate Adaptation Unit
For each traffic channel the TRAU adapts the different transmission rates for speech
and data calls on the radio side to the PCM 64 Kbit/s transmission rate on the MSC side.
It also performs transcoding functions between the different speech coding algorithms
used on the radio interface (full rate, half rate, enhanced full rate) and the interface
(PCMA or law G.711) used within the terrestrial network.

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Local Maintenance Terminal Evolution
The LMT Evolutional application is installed on a portable terminal, for example a laptop
computer used for local or remote operation and maintenance functions of the con-
nected NE. The same application is used for the maintenance of all BSS NEs.
Figure 1 BSS Network Architecture and External Components
g In eBSC the PCU functionality is on UPM blade.
The LMT Evolution is the O&M system interfacing its users from one side and the con-
nected NE (BSC, BTSE, TRAU) from the other side for O&M tasks.
BSS
TRAU BSC BTS
GMLC
ER
AC
GR
MS
RC
CBC 3GPP SMLC
HLR
GGSN
SGSN
Asub
PCU CCU
Abis
T T
Gb
Lb
CBC-BSC
O
Um
Connection to
external data
networks
A
T
LMT
Evol.
LMT
Evol.
LMT
Evol.
MSC
VLR
AC Authentication Center LMT Local Maintenance Terminal Evolution
BSC Base Station Controller
BSS Base Station Subsystem LR Location Register
BTS Base Transceiver Station MS Mobile Station
CCU Channel Codec Unit RC Radio Commander
CBC Cell Broadcast Center MSC Mobile service Switching Center
EIR Equipment Identity Register PCU Packet Control Unit
GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
GMLC Gateway Mobile Location Center 3GPP SMLC Serving Mobile Location Center
GR GPRS Register TRAU Transcoding and Rate Adaption Unit
HLR Home Location Register VRL Visitor Location Register

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Introduction
The purpose of the LMT Evolution is to support the O&M activities in a very efficient and
user friendly way and to provide all the possible information about the condition of a
specific NE running in field with particular attention to eventual faults or anomalous sit-
uations.
The LMT Evolution can be connected to the NEs BSC, TRAU and to all BTS types.
The connection is realized by the T interface.
The T interface is based on Ethernet cable (IP protocol) for eBSC and eTRAU and on
x.21 + v.11 (physical layer) and on the HDLC + LAPB protocols for BSC1 and TRAU1.
Figure 2 represents the position of the LMT Evolution within the BSS system.
Figure 2 LMT Evolution within the BSS System
The LMT Evolution can be interconnected to a NE in three different ways:
Local Mode: in this case the LMT Evolution is physically connected (through the T
interface) to the NE on which the user is working
Remote Mode: in this case the LMT Evolution is physically connected to a BTSE or
a TRAU through the T-interface and a new connection to the related BSC is acti-
vated by the user (for example the LMT Evolution is physically connected to a BTSE,
and via the Abis interface the user is able to work in the remote modality with BSC)
Interworking Mode: in this case the LMT Evolution is physically connected to a
BSC through the T-interface and a new connection to a BTSE or to a TRAU con-
nected to that BSC is activated by the user
The BSC is currently already able to support more than one TRAU. Now the capability
is extended to the handling of several eTRAUs. Mixed configuration of TRAU1s and
eTRAUs connected to the same BSC is allowed.
This is shown in the next figure, where LPDLS are LAPD Link on the Asub interface
and L1CTS.
TRAU
BSC
BTS
RADO
COMMANDER
O&M
TOOL SET
A
LMT Evolution
O nterface
Abis Asub
To MSC
To MS
LMT Evolution
Um
LMT Evolution

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Figure 3 Configurations with BSC Connected to TRAU1 and eTRAU
eTRAU
BSC
T nterface
BTS
TRAU1
MSC
PCM lines between BSC and TRAU:
PCMS w LPDLS
PCMS w LPDLS redundant
PCMS w L1CTS
T nterface
A nterface
Asub
nterface
LMT Evolution
LMT Evolution
Abis
nterface

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Introduction
1.2 eTRAU Overview
The eTRAU is a commercial SBS product aiming to provide the same features sup-
ported by the current TRAU1, (HC TRAU in the remainder of this document as a place-
holder for all versions of the current product), on top of more performing hardware and
software complexes, which enable the provision of enhanced capacity figures.
This new product provides as a stand-alone system which is functionally equivalent to
the HC TRAU, with higher capacity and HW/SW commonality with eBSC.
Both TRAU products (HC TRAU and eTRAU) support the same release.
After introducing eTRAU, new releases will be available on both versions until TRAU1
obsolescence. The eTRAU is the last step of a High Capacity TRAU strategy started
with the provision of BSC/72 in BR6.0.
The eTRAU improves the availability of a scalable architecture. The scalability is
ensured by 11 MSB (eTRAU Transcoding blade), providing 1000 codecs capacity each.
It allows to tailor the configuration of eTRAU configuration matching to customers needs
which vary with the addressed market. This will allow a more rational network planning
and a smoother adaptation to variations in traffic demand over space and time.
The adoption of highly performing eTRAU solution allows to reduce the floor space with
respect to the TRAU1 floor space significantly.
The eTRAU provides additional capacity and specific functionality (e.g. STM-1/OC-3
interface).
Hereafter the main Customer improvements are summarized:
CAPEX savings:
Lower network nodes are necessary due to higher capacity HC TRAU
Processing scalability allows high capacity configuration even with heavy traffic
models PAY AS you GROW concept
OPEX savings:
High speed interfaces (STM-1/OC-3) allow a dramatic reduction of transport
expenses with respect to E1/T1 leased lines
The adoption of a wall mounting equipment practice (cabling is completely
accessible on the front of the rack), in combination with the high capacity per
single cabinet, results in reduced expenses for site rental, Installation & Com-
missioning, O&M, power consumption

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1.3 eTRAU Main Features
The eTRAU is a NE of the BSS system and is supervised by the LMT Evolution and by
the Network Management System for operation and maintenance activities.
The position of the eTRAU within the BSS system is represented in Figure 4.
Figure 4 eTRAU and BSS System
The BSC is the central component in BSS system and acts as a concentrator for the
links between Abis, Asub, and Gb interfaces; eBSC supports a variety of configurations
(star, multidrop, and loop) on Abis interface in relation with various types of transmission
media (for example: microwave, PCM30, PCM24, satellite links). The TRAU interacts
with the BSC to handle and to route information. The LMT is a portable terminal, e.g. a
laptop computer used for local or remote operation and maintenance functions.
The eTRAU NE is controlled directly by the LMT and indirectly, via BSC, by RC.
The BSC communicates with the eTRAU via one LAPD link (through Asub interface):
this link is used for eTRAU O&M tasks.
The Configuration and the eTRAU features are based on Recommendations of the GSM
Technical Committee of the ETSI and the Technical Sub-Committee T1P1 of the ANSI,
especially, the "Phase 2" series of recommendations for GSM 850, GSM 900, GSM1800
and GSM1900 systems.
The eTRAU is compatible to the Phase 2+ series of recommendations valid for
GSM850, GSM900, GSM1800, and GSM1900 systems. eTRAU does not require raised
floors for installation. Consequently, an operator can choose to use eTRAU either cen-
trally, for example installed in a standard telecommunication office room, or remotely, in
a shelters confined space. Installation times are also kept as short as possible.
The main features of the eTRAU are:
Support of the GSM standardized A interface for GSM 850, GSM 900 and GSM
1800. ANSI standardized for GSM 1900
Support of Asub interface with 16 Kbit/s submultiplexing
Operation and Maintenance Services System
for the Base Station System ( RC )
Mobile
Services
Switching
Center
( MSC )
Base Transceiver
System Equipment
( BTSE )
O nterface
A nterface
Abis nterface
Asub nterface
T nterface
Base Station System (BSS)
Local Maintenance Terminal ( LMT )
Base Station
Controller
( BSC )
Transcoder and Rate
Adaption Unit
( eTRAU )

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Introduction
Support of STM-1/OC-3 for A interface to/from the Mobile Services Switching
Center. Classical IP over ATM is adopted. In addition, STM-1/OC-3 can be also
adopted on Asub interfaces
Support of different transmission media (optical fiber, coaxial cable, symmetrical
pairs)
Support of control, operation and maintenance functions (for example software
download)
Handling of CCS#7 on Asub interface and LAPD signaling from/to the eBSC for
O&M purposes
Availability of reserved port to LMT Evolution
Availability of reserved port to RC
Data collection for important time-consuming file processes
Redundancy of all the main blades
Triple rate capability (management of full rate, half rate and enhanced full rate traffic
channels from step 2 onwards)
Support of VAD/DTX and Comfort Noise for full rate and half rate speech
Support of Integrated Voice Quality Enhancement
Support of the volume control, in order to independently compensate for possible
speech level losses in both transmission directions and on a per call basis
Support of AMR codecs
Possibility of Tandem Free Operation of Speech Codecs which allows to avoid the
not necessary use of two GSM speech transcoders that occurs in mobile to mobile
speech calls
The eTRAU supports the following interfaces:
Asub interface with BSC: E1/T1 support, STM-1/OC-3 support (new)
A interface with MSC: E1/T1 support, STM-1/OC-3 support (new)
T interface with LMT: over IP/Ethernet
The STM-1/OC-3 interface is newly introduces with eTRAU: it is not available in HC
TRAU.
Supported interfaces are represented in Figure 4.
g The Gb interface in all its variants is not a TRAU interface because TRAU does not
support GPRS.
1.4 eTRAU Traffic Capacity
The eTRAU is a new TRAU platform providing 11 times the transcoding capacity of the
HC TRAU with reduced footprint.
Additionally its state of the art technology offers significant improvements in the area of
flexibility, usability serviceability and variety of external interfaces.
Main differences between the eTRAU and the HC TRAU are:
Increased capacity (Transcoding, Connectivity)
Future proof and scalable architecture (aTCA standard compliant)
Footprint reduction (Lower number of NEs)
Support of STM-1/OC-3 interface

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1.4.1 Connectivity - PCM lines
The eTRAU supports up to 440 equivalent E1 lines depending on the configuration.
There are three different configurations:
Abis/Asub on physical PCM only
Max 288 physical PCM lines can be supported via E1/T1
Max number supported Asub is 57
Max number of codec per rack is 6000 (5000 if T1 interface is used)
Mixed optical/physical PCM connectivity for Asub/A
90 physical E1 PCM ports as Asub
360 E1 equiv. PCM ports via channelized STM-1/OC-3 as A
11000 codec per rack
Full optical connectivity for Asub/A
440 (90 Asub + 360 A) equivalent E1 PCM ports via channelized STM-1/OC-3.
11000 codec per rack
eTRAU Capacity HC TRAU eTRAU
Codecs per Transcoding unit
1)
1)
TRAU unit with TRACs for HC TRAU, MSB for eTRAU
120 1000
Codecs per Rack
2)
2)
The capacity values is achieved with complete connectivity and with the full
capacity
960 11000
Max TRAC unit 8 11
A interfaces 32 360
3)
3)
Maximum connectivity is reached with mixed physical PCM/channelised optical
or all optical/channelised STM-1/OC-3 connectivity (A+Asub interfaces: 500
equivalent E1 lines)
Asub Interfaces 8 90
3)
Table 1 Summary of eTRAU Capacities

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Hardware Architecture
2 Hardware Architecture
2.1 Introduction
The eTRAU is based on the open hardware platform aTCA PICMG 3.0. It provides off-
the-shelf components and it supports application specific functionality and enhance-
ments on blade level. The aTCA standard defines:
The Mechanical form factors and constructions for blade
The Regulatory guidelines for safety, grounding and EMC according to NEBS and
ETSI for the central office equipment
A hardware management system for the temperature control and fault detection
The basic inter-connection scheme and transport mechanisms available to each
blade, including the electrical characteristics of the interfaces on blade level
The eTRAU provides a wall mounting feature, i.e. all the blades are accessible by the
eTRAU front side only. This means that the eTRAU allows the use of standard aTCA
front blades, but the RTM are moved on the eTRAU front.
In the eTRAU the RTM access option, that means blade back plane connections toward
the Zone 3 of back plane, is only reserved to the SMAC and LIET blades by means of
eIOSM and IOLI respectively.

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Figure 5 eTRAU aTCA Shelf Concept
The eTRAU is aligned to the PICMG 3.0 requirements; as a consequence all the main
blades are interfaced by means of Gigabits Ethernet links via the Switching Matrix.
The eTRAU aTCA compliance includes the adoption of the IPMI management architec-
ture, based on a central (redundant) ShMC.

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2.2 eTRAU Hardware Architecture
The eTRAU hardware architecture overview is represented in Figure 6.
Figure 6 eTRAU HW Architecture Overview
The eTRAU provides the following main functions and interfaces.
MCP
The MCP blade is the Central O&M controller, supporting O&M for the whole system.
The main tasks of the MCP related to eTRAU environment are:
The execution of the maintenance commands coming from BSC via line module pro-
viding LAPD
The collection and reporting of alarms to BSC via line module providing LAPD
The front connection for the LMT: 1 port for 10/100 BASE-T Ethernet for connection
to LMT
This functionality is provided by MCP blade.
SM
The Switching Module blade provides a Gigabit Ethernet switch for both aTCA base and
fabric interfaces and supports central clock functions.
This functionality is provided by SMAC blade + eIOSM module.
The main components of the SMAC blade are:
Gigabit Ethernet Switching module
It supports the transport functions of user, control and management data
eTRAU
Asub
A
LM -E 1/T1
LM -E 1/T1
LM -E 1/T1
LM STM1/OC3
LM STM1/OC3
LMT
SM
ACFC
ShMC
Equipment
Practise
SAP
PEM
MCP
MSB
MSB

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The MCG module
It provides the central clock functionality.
The MCG has the capability to lock on an external timing signal (redundant interface
at 75/120 ohm according to ITU-T G.703) according to ETSI EN 300 462.
Jitter and wander of clock generated and distributed meets the requirements defined
in ITU-T G.812 type I (2048 kHz interfaces and STM-N), ITU-T G.813 (SEC) and
Telcordia GR-1244-CORE
The SMAC blade manages up to 21 External Alarms, open door alarm included.
The eTRAU Switching Capacity is 11000 Erlang.
MSB
The MSB blade provides the Rate and Transcoding Unit functionalities.
The MSB is an aTCA blade based on PowerPC main processor.
The main components of the MSB blade are:
Host CPU (The payload processor based on a G4 PowerPC)
Farm of 32 Himalaya DSPs to provide transcoding functions and speech codec
TDM Switch
FPGA for packet termination
The capacity of the blade is of 1 000 transcoders and rate adapters.
LM-E1/T1
The LIET blade supports and manages the PCM lines interface.
This functionality is provided by LIET blade + IOLI module.
The LIET blade performs the processing portion of Line Module E1/T1, IOLI module is
the I/O interface that provides line termination.
Each LIET provides 32 line interfaces configurable for either E1 or T1.
In the eTRAU, the LIET blade terminates LAPD (for eTRAU O&M).
The SS7 signaling @64 Kbit/s is transparently relayed across the eTRAU as well as
Frame Relay and circuit switched data. Speech channels are processed by the MSB
blades.
LM-STM-1/OC3
The LISO blade supports and manages the STM-1/OC-3 interfaces.
There are two ports per blade:
Ports are both Structured mode configured
In structured mode, each port aggregates up to 63 E1 lines or 84 T1 lines
In structured mode, each blade aggregates up to 126 E1 lines or 168 T1 lines
2.2.1 eTRAU Equipment Practice
The eTRAU equipment practice is composed by the following elements:
Rack
Upper Shelf
Lower Shelf
DC Panel
In addition the shelves equipment practice includes the following modules:

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PEM blade
ShMC blade
ACFC (It is supported only on the upper shelf)
SAP blade

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2.2.2 Rack Configuration
The eTRAU rack is composed by the upper shelf, the lower shelf and the DC panel.
The maintenance concept is compliant to the PICMG 3.1 Recommendations and
provides a duplicated ShMC in each shelf supporting the power management, the fans
control and the fault management.
The main racks characteristics are the following:
It has no rear access for maintenance activities
The front door supports an alarm mechanism to detect possible open door states
The rack is equipped with an alarm lamp panel (visible through the door opening)
with different colors related to the alarms severity (for example: red = Critical)
It provides an optimized system cabling interface
Figure 7 shows a view of the eTRAU rack with upper, lower shelf and DC panel.

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Figure 7 eTRAU Rack
Figure 8 shows a schema of the eTRAU rack with upper, lower shelf and DC panel.

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Figure 8 eTRAU Rack Schema
DC Panel
Upper
Shelf
Lower
Shelf
A
C
F
C
/
O
B
L
A
D
E
/
O
B
L
A
D
E
/
O
B
L
A
D
E
/
O
B
L
A
D
E
/
O
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L
A
D
E
/
O
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L
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D
E
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O
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L
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D
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O
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D
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L
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D
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/
O
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L
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D
E
/
O
B
L
A
D
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FAN
FAN FAN
FAN
FAN FAN
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
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D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
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B
L
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D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
/ O BLADE
/ O BLADE
ShMC PEM SAP PEM ShMC
ShMC PEM SAP PEM ShMC
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
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L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E
a
T
C
A
B
L
A
D
E

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2.2.2.1 Upper Shelf
The upper shelf is composed by a sub shelf at the bottom and another sub shelf at the
top. It contains the main aTCA blades in vertical position (for example the LIET blades).
Any blade defined for the eTRAU can be plugged in this sub shelf. It is also the only shelf
which can house the LIET blades and IOLI modules. In the top sub shelf the I/O modules
of LIET and SMAC blades, IOLI and eIOSM, can be plugged. In the bottom sub shelf the
LIET, LISO and MSB blades can be plugged.
The MCP and SMAC blades have their own dedicated slots in the bottom sub shelf.
g The LISO blades must work in pair (active blade and its spare blade) and the two
ones must be placed in slots connected each other with the aTCA update channel.
g Due to the power dissipation of MSB blade, it is not possible to equip MSB blades
into slots 1, 2, 15, 16. All the other positions are allowed (except for the slots
reserved for SMAC and MCP blades).
Only the top sub shelf houses the ACFC blade.
According to the aTCA standard, the upper shelf implements the following additional
features:
-48V main voltage connection and filtering by means of the PEM unit
Fan control and maintenance supervision via the ShMC mainly supported by the
ShMC blade. The upper shelf includes a redundant ShMC blade

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Figure 9 eTRAU Upper Shelf
L
I
E
T
S
F A N B O X
ShMC 0 PEM 0 PEM 1 ShMC 1 SAP
Air inlet and supply inlet
STM1 ( alias HSM: High Speed Module ( LM-STM1 / OC3 ) )
STM1
L
I
E
T
0
STM1
L
I
E
T
1
L
I
E
T
2
L
I
E
T
3
L
I
E
T
4
L
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T
5
S
M
A
C
0
S
M
A
C
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L
I
E
T
6
L
I
E
T
7
L
I
E
T
8
M
C
P
M
C
P
STM1
/
MSB
STM1
/
MSB
STM1
/
MSB
STM1
/
MSB
STM1
/
MSB
STM1
/
MSB
STM1
/
MSB
STM1
/
MSB
STM1
/
MSB
STM1
/
MSB
A
C
F
C
I / O
0
I
O
L
I
e
I
O
S
M
0
e
I
O
S
M
1
I / O
1
I
O
L
I
I / O
2
I
O
L
I
I / O
3
I
O
L
I
I / O
4
I
O
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I / O
5
I
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L
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I / O
6
I
O
L
I
I / O
7
I
O
L
I
I / O
8
I
O
L
I
Line interface E1/T1 No LM-E1/T1

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2.2.2.2 Lower Shelf
The lower shelf is composed by a sub shelf at the bottom and another sub shelf at the
top. It contains the main aTCA blades but it does not support the LIET blades. In the top
sub shelf the eIOSM modules can be plugged in horizontal position. In the bottom sub
shelf the LISO and MSB blades can be plugged in vertical position.
The SMAC blades have their own dedicated slots in the bottom sub shelf.
g The LISO blades must work in pair (active blade and its spare blade) and the two
ones must be placed in slots connected each other with the aTCA update channel.
Moreover, for the two coupled LISO blades, mezzanine 0 of the blades must be of
the same type (channelized or unchannelized) and mezzanine 1 of the blades must
be of the same type too.
g Due to the power dissipation of MSB blade, it is not possible to equip MSB blades
into slots 1, 2, 15, 16. All the other positions are allowed (except for the slots
reserved for SMAC and MCP blades).
According to the aTCA standard, the lower shelf implements the following additional fea-
tures:
-48V main voltage connection and filtering by means of the PEM unit
Fan control and maintenance supervision via the ShMC mainly supported by the
ShMC blade. The Lower Shelf includes a redundant ShMC blade
Figure 10 eTRAU Lower Shelf
2.2.2.3 DC Panel
The DC Panel splits and distributes to the shelves the two -48V main feeds of the rack.
Each power line provides up to 25A and it is protected against over current by means of
a breaker. The DC panel contains also additional EMI filters on power supply cables that
S
T
M
1
F A N B O X
S
T
M
1
S
T
M
1
/
M
S
B
S
T
M
1
/
M
S
B
S
T
M
1
/
M
S
B
S
T
M
1
/
M
S
B
S
T
M
1
/
M
S
B
S
T
M
1
/
M
S
B
S
T
M
1
/
M
S
B
S
T
M
1
S
T
M
1
/
M
S
B
S
T
M
1
/
M
S
B
S
T
M
1
/
M
S
B
S
T
M
1
S
M
A
C
0
S
M
A
C
1
eOSM 0 eOSM 1
ShMC 0
PEM 0 PEM 1
ShMC 1
SAP
Air inlet and supply inlet
STM1 ( alias HSM: High Speed Module ( LM-STM1 / OC3 ) )

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guarantee the compliance to limits on noise conducted emissions on -48V main feeds
measured at the input of the rack. This is obtained in combination with filters distributed
on each blade.
On the DC panel front is available the RAS connector used to send the BSS alarms to
a remote location.

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2.2.2.4 Lamp Alarm Panel
The Lamp Panel is the module of the rack top that signalizes in a visual manner the
Minor, Major and Critical alarms generated by the maintenance system of eTRAU.
The lamps are visible from the front of the rack and the following colors in combination
with the named alarms are applied:
Minor: Yellow
Major: Orange/Amber
Critical: Red
Figure 11 Lamp Alarm Panel
For Critical, Major, Minor alarms the condition of each type of alarm is notified through
a relay contact. The relays are controlled by the eTRAU system maintenance.
The SAP blade is the unit providing the Telco alarms interface of eTRAU shelf.
The Lamp Alarm Panel is connected with the two SAP blades; the OR functions
between the corresponding alarms criteria from the SAP blades are realized on Lamp
Alarm panel.
The TERA board is placed inside the DC Panel with the connectors available on the front
panel. The TERA board collects the Telco alarms of the Upper and Lower Shelf (from
the SAP blade) and realizes the OR of each alarm type for RAS.
Figure 12 shows the block diagram of the Lamp Alarm Panel.
R A C K A L A R M
MINOR MAJOR CRITICAL

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Figure 12 Lamp Alarm Panel Block Diagram
For more informations see section Lamp Panel.
Minor
Major Critical
Telco
Alarms
LAMP ALARM PANEL
RAS Connector
TERA BOARD
SAP Lower Shelf DC PANEL SAP Upper Shelf
Telco
Alarms

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2.2.3 eTRAU Rack External Connections
The eTRAU adopts an open top solution. An open space exists on top of the rack,
through which PCM office cables pass through, to be then directly plugged into the I/O
modules of the LM-E1/T1 hosted by upper shelf.
Two PCM cabling solutions are possible:
120 Ohm lines connected via 37 pins sub-D connectors
75 Ohm lines connected via coaxial connectors
Office optical fibers are plugged into proper connectors located on rack top. Rack-
internal connection to LM-STM-1/OC-3 front provided.
Additional connections (LMT, RAS) are plugged into the DC panel available in mid
position on rack front.
LMT IP connectors are housed on MCP blade front panel.
External Alarms connector is available on the front plate of the ACFC blade.
DC connectors are placed on rack top.
Figure 13 eTRAU External Connections
Upper Shelf
DC Panel
Lower Shelf
{
{
RAS
DC Power Supply
Optical
Cables
PCM Cables to
LM-E1/T1 /O
( Upper Shelf )
LMT
( P )
Ext. (env.)
Alarms
Open top for PCM
Cables, External
Alarms, Clock

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2.2.4 Alarms
The ambient alarms are generated by an abnormal ambient event (i.e. smoke presence,
high temperature, racks opened door).
This process comprises Alarm Generation, Alarm Collection, Alarm Filtering and indica-
tion.
Remote Alarms Signaling
The eTRAU system provides the local displaying of the alarms that will be displayed to
the Lamp Alarm Panel, and Saps Shelves (Lower and Upper).
The leds are associated to the relay contacts to send outside the following alarm groups:
GLOBAL ALARM:
Illuminated red LED for CRITICAL alarm
Illuminated orange LED for MAJOR alarm
Illuminated yellow LED for MINOR alarm
SYSTEM ALARM:
Illuminated red LED and not flashing for MAJOR alarm
Red LED flashing for CRITICAL alarm
Illuminated yellow LED for MINOR alarm
EQUIPMENT STATUS - COMMUNICATION:
Green illuminated LED for no alarm
Green LED flashing for alarm
S/W RUN (NEW and OLD):
S/W RUN LEDs are normally switched off. They illuminate only during the change
version procedure
When a LED is illuminated, it indicates which software version is currently running
These LEDs switch off when the operator enters the appropriate command (end of
change version)
MINOR ALARM:
Alarm related to PCMS lines
Alarm related to PCMB lines
Alarm related to PCMG lines
ENV
Illuminated and not flashing indicates a MINOR alarm
Slow flashing indicates a MAJOR alarm
Fast flashing indicates a CRITICAL alarm
ENV LED switches on when there is an environmental alarm such as smoke, intrusion,
fire or temperature.

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2.2.5 Redundancy
The redundancy concept is supported in the eTRAU main components and different
types of hardware redundancy have been implemented, as follow:
The MCP blade runs in active/standby configuration. For the reason that the blades
work in a hot standby configuration which is supported by the hardware, a special
circuit is provided to perform the automatic alignment of the data between the two
copies of the processor blades
The SMAC blade hosts the Ethernet Switch that runs in active/active redundant con-
figuration and the MCG module that runs in active/standby configuration
The MSB blades work in a N+1 redundancy scheme in which T-Plane context data
are ready when switch over takes place. For the MSB adopted redundancy scheme
the spare blade is set to a cold standby state; in case of switchover, existing calls
are handled as in the current TRAU1
The LIET supports N+1 redundancy and operates with one blade that is ready but
in standby while the remaining N blades manage the user traffic. When a failure
occurs to the active blade, the standby blade is set active to manage the external
PCM signals. A specific circuit is provided to route all the E1/T1 signals towards the
LIET spare blade
The LISO supports the 1+1 redundancy and operates in 1+1 APS configuration.
A specific hardware inter-connection is provided between the line framers of the two
STM-1 line blades to support the function
Table 2 shows the blades cardinality and related redundancy.
2.2.6 eTRAU Configurations
The eTRAU is composed by 1 rack hosting 1 or 2 shelves (16 slots each). Shelves host
up to 14 blades providing processing (signaling, packet handling), line interface, O&M
controller-MCP and always support two blades for internal switching functionality.
Racks and shelves adopt the wall mounting equipment practice. The two shelves are
distinguished into upper shelf and lower shelf. Two different configurations are sup-
ported: Basic and High Capacity eTRAU.
Blade Cardinality Redundancy
MCP 1+1 Hot standby
SMAC 2+2 Hot standby
eIOSM 2+2 Hot standby
MSB 11+1 Cold standby
LIET 9+1 Hot standby
IOLI 9 None
LISO 4+4 Hot standby
Table 2 Cardinality and Redundancy

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Basic eTRAU Configuration
The Basic Configuration includes 1 shelf only and its capacity is limited in terms of con-
nectivity. Rack contains:
Upper shelf:
1+1 MCP (hot standby)
2 SMAC blades (active/active)
LIET or LISO blades depending on connectivity
1+1 MSB
Redundant ShMC
Lower shelf is not equipped.
High Capacity eTRAU Configuration
The High Capacity Configuration is prepared to grow to the maximum capacity and will
therefore consist of 2 shelves. Rack contains:
Upper shelf:
1+1 MCP (hot standby)
LISO or LIET depending on connectivity
Redundant ShMC
Lower shelf:
MSB depending on traffic requirements
LISO depending on connectivity
Redundant ShMC
The upgrade from Basic (one shelf) to High Capacity configuration (2 shelves), if
required by the customer at a later time, can be carried out in field without service inter-
ruption or blade exchange.
2.2.7 eTRAU Rack Physical Characteristic and Power Consumption
The eTRAU rack power consumption and physical characteristics are described in
Table 3.
Power Consumption and Physical Characteristics of the eTRAU
Maximum power consumption (W) 4 kW (Fully equipped rack, room temper-
ature = 23 C)
Input voltage DC - 48V
Operating temperature range Long Term Range: +5C to +40C
Short Term Range: -5C to +50C
Height 2000 mm
Width 600 mm
Depth 450 mm
Weight < = 300 kg
Upper Shelf 1023 mm
Table 3 Physical Characteristics of the eTRAU

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Lower Shelf 698 mm
Power Consumption and Physical Characteristics of the eTRAU
Table 3 Physical Characteristics of the eTRAU (Cont.)

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Id:0900d805801d5673
3 Blade Description
In this chapter each eTRAU blade with its main functions is described.
The eTRAU is based on the open hardware platform aTCA PICMG 3.0.
The WARP and the WARP-L blades are general purpose processor blades that can
accept up to two AMC in order to specialize their functions. The WARP is used in the
eTRAU equipment as a motherboard for the MCP entity while the WARP-L is used as a
motherboard for the LISO blade. The different eTRAU blades can be obtained, depend
on the type of the mezzanines equipped on the WARP and on the WARP-L.
As an aTCA blade, the WARP structure is split in two main parts:
Carrier IPMC: incorporates the circuitry responsible for the low level HW mainte-
nance. Together with the shelf manager realizes the shelf management concepts as
specified in the PICMG 3.0. Being the WARP an AMC Carrier this part is also in
charge to control the mezzanines sites
PAYLOAD: it is the user defined part of the blade in which the specific functions are
implemented. Basically the WARP payload is a general purpose processor complex
which tasks are different depending on the type of eTRAU blade the WARP is used
The WARP load pay architecture can further be split in the following sub-blocks:
Processor complex block
Peripherals block
Hot redundancy block
Clock generation block
Power supply block

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Blade Description
3.1 Main Control Processor
The MCP functionality is obtained mounting the T-REX mezzanine and the HDD mez-
zanine on the WARP.
The MCP blade is the Central O&M controller (redundant, 1+1 hot standby based on
HW support for redundancy), supporting O&M for the whole system. Internal O&M traffic
is handled via Ethernet and via standard facilities supported by the adopted equipment
practice. The O&M controller also provides connections for LMT (Ethernet only). The
central O&M controller interacts with the ShMC for the management of aTCA-based
HW.
The main tasks of the MCP are:
The handling of a central T-Plane Manager function extended to the transcoding
blades:
the MSB blades follow the same approach taken for some blades in the eBSC where
a central TPM located on the MCP interacts with the local agent, located on each
MSB blades
The execution of the maintenance commands coming from BSC and the collection
and reporting of alarms to BSC via line module providing LAPD
HDD for DBMS data persistency. Active copy keeps HDD on standby copy aligned
The handling of an Ethernet-based LMT interface
HW configuration logic to indicate the active and standby copy even in presence of
failures and during boot phase, when SW is not loaded yet
The MCP blade front panel houses the LMT IP connectors (one RJ45 for Ethernet con-
nection).
The MCP blades are placed in the two rightmost slots of the upper shelf in a 1+1 hot
standby redundancy scheme.
Figure 14 shows the block diagram of the MCP.

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Figure 14 MPC Block Diagram
3.2 Switching Matrix (SMAC and eIOSM)
The SMAC blade provides a Gigabit Ethernet switch for both aTCA base and fabric
interfaces and supports central clock functions to run in a synchronous transport
network. In addition the SMAC blade has associated own I/O module: the eIOSM
module housed in the upper part of the shelf.
The SMAC supports the transport of all types of traffic (user and control data) between
the blades of the aTCA shelf and between the aTCA shelves inserted in the rack.
For reliability reasons the transport and clock generation functions work in a redundant
configuration within the system. For the transport function the redundancy configuration
is active/active to enable the load sharing over both Ethernet planes.
The centralized clock functionality works in active/standby configuration.
An on-blade processor configures, supervises and controls all the functional modules of
the SMAC. It is connected to the own redundant transport function.
The main components of the SMAC blade are:
The Gigabit Ethernet Switching module that supports the transport functions of user,
control and management data. Basic interface (as defined in PCMG 3.0) and Fabric
Interface (as defined in PCMG 3.0) are provided. Inter-shelf transport uses either n
Gigabit Ethernet
The MCG module that provides the central clock functionality. It generates a high
stable synchronization clock distributed within the shelf and used for synchronizing
the line interfaces within the aTCA shelf. Clocks provided are either 8 KHz than
19.44 MHz. The two redundant MCGs work in master/slave configuration in order to
provide very time closed signals (<10 ns according to aTCA) in all conditions. The
A
M
C
A
M
C
U
A
R
T
U
S
B
Hot
Redudancy
Processor
Complex
/O PMC
Z
O
N
E
2
Z
O
N
E
1
HDD

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Blade Description
MCG master normally works synchronized to a reference source, PRC traceable,
derived from a line coming from MSC, accordingly to the hierarchical master-slave
synchronization concept. This line can be a E1/T1 line directly connected to eBSC
on LIET blade, or can be a E1/T1 line encapsulated in a STM-N line.
Additionally to this main synchronization mode, called line timing, also an other
synchronization mode, called external timing is foreseen: in this case a PRC trace-
able 2048 KHz redundant clock signal can be attached directly to MCG, via RTM.
In case of multiple shelf architecture, the expansion shelves will be synchronized to
the base shelf by means of a special clock signal at 2048 KHz always derived by the
local oscillator of the MCG in the base shelf.
Besides Jitter and wander of clock generated and distributed are aligned to the
requirements defined in ITU-T G.812 type I (2048 kHz interfaces and STM-N), ITU-
T G.813 (SEC) and Telcordia GR-1244-CORE.
All the timing signals necessary to the system have the same characteristics:
Nominal frequency: 32768 KHz
Pulling range: */- 0.5 ppm
Stability vs the temperature: +/- 2 x 10-9 / 0C to + 70C
Aging: 2 x 10-10/day, 5 x 10-8/year
The General Purpose peripheral Processor that manages and supervises the status
of GES and MCG components via standard bus. The RAM memory has a size of 1
Giga Byte
The SMAC manages up to 21 External Alarms, open door alarm included. The alarm
signals are connected via back plane to the ACFC blade available in the upper shelf.
The SMAC I/O module, eIOSM module, is a FRU equipped with a memory to identify its
PID. eIOSM supports eight Ethernet links for external connections by means of eight
RJ45 connectors available on the blade front panel. Two RJ45 connectors of those are
reserved to provide the High Speed Gb external connections toward the SGSN.
A SUB-D 25 female type connector provides the 2.048 MHz signal for the external syn-
chronization.

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Figure 15 SMAC Block Diagram
3.3 Media Stream Board
The MSB blade is an aTCA blade based on PowerPC main processor and on DSPs that
provides the transcoding and rate adaptation functionality.
The main aspects of the MSB are:
The capacity to support at least 1 000 communication channels for each blade with
the BR9.0 feature set
GPP
IPMC
Power
Supply
Zone 2
update
channels
Zone 3
( RTM )
Zone 2

Base
nterface
GES
Base GES
Fabric GES
Expansion
GES
Zone 2
Fabric
nterface
External
Connectors
Zone 2
Sync.
Clock
nterface
MCG
PMB_A
PMB_B
Standard F
bus
1000 Base BX
8 x Gbps
CLK 1
CLK 2
External
Reference
from RTM
2
T3
T04 , T4

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Blade Description
The use of a PowerPC processor for the handling of the O&M tasks and the internal
T-Plane connection handling functionality (local T-Plane Agent for set up and tear
down of the communications)
Speech codecs on the internal DSPs supporting the entire BR9.0 feature set and
prepared for future features
Each single blade is capable to perform 1 000 Erlang of call processing and has the HW
of the MSB blade used in MGW project with a Host CPU (the payload processor based
on a G4 PowerPC which handle the Basic Services, BHWM and T-Plane Agent), a farm
of 32 Himalaya DSPs, a FPGA, a TDM Switch and three other dedicated DSPs.
The removal of the Zone 3 back connector is an essential requirement to be possible to
place the MSB everywhere in the upper and lower shelf slots, letting the maximum flex-
ibility on the allowed configurations.
As depicted in Figure 16, the ingress data traffic coming from the Asub interface
between eBSC and eTRAU, supported by channels with a transmission rate of 16 Kbit/s
each and converted from TDM to Ethernet, enters in the MSB. Here another Ethernet to
TDM conversion is performed by the local blade FPGA, to send the data stream towards
the DSPs via the TDM Highway link. After the processing the DSPs send back the TDM
stream to the FPGA, always through the TDM Highway, for the conversion in 64Kbit/s
packets. The new flow is sent to the egress A interface towards the MSC. The standard
configuration of MSB blade for traffic channels (TCH/F) is the sub-multiplexing of four
TCHs at 16 Kbps into one 64 Kbps channel.
The MSB blades work in a N+1 redundancy scheme in which T-Plane context data are
ready when switch over takes place. For the MSB adopted redundancy scheme the
spare blade is set to a cold standby state; in case of switchover, existing calls are
handled as in the current TRAU1.

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Figure 16 MSB Internal Architecture & Flow Path from Asub to A Interfaces
3.4 LIET Blade
The LIET blade is the Line Module adopted on A and Asub interfaces in eTRAU envi-
ronment for the electrical connections to MSC and BSC.
The functionality of the LIET consists into packing/unpacking of the TDM traffic channels
into/from Ethernet packets. Each LIET provides 32 line interfaces configurable for either
E1 or T1 and must be coupled with a IOLI, where the PCM lines are implemented.
Moreover LIET manages the PCM data providing up to 288 physical PCM ports.
The LIET blades support the N+1 redundancy concept with a hot standby approach, i.e.
the spare blade has T-Plane context data ready when switch-over takes place, with N <
9 (managed by the O&M functionality). A spare LIET is available, but without the corre-
spondent IOLI. When a fault occurs to a LIET, the spare takes over the relative lines,
serving the traffic without service interruption until the problem is solved and a switch-
back is consequently performed. Due to the management of the blades redundancy
mechanism the LIET blades must be placed necessarily within the first twelve slots from
left to right of the upper shelf (except for the slots reserved for the SMAC blades).
RAM
RAM
RAM
DSP
Farm
WF
DSP
MPTY
DSP
TDM
Switch
GE
Switch
Power
PMC
Host Processor
( daughter card )
G4 processor
Ann.
DSP
Clock
Distr.
Zone 3
Removed
Zone 2
( Base )
Zone 1
unused
new
TDM
Highway
Zone 2
( Fabric )
16 Kbps
64 Kbps
FPGA
for Packet
Termination

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Blade Description
In the eTRAU, the LIET blade terminates LAPD (for eTRAU O&M). The SS7 signaling
@64 Kbit/s is transparently relayed across the eTRAU as well as Frame Relay and
circuit switched data. Speech channels are processed by the MSB blades.
The IOLI module supports the electrical interface towards the external lines. The elec-
trical interface consists of the redundancy relays, over voltage protections, transformers
and plugs.
The main LIET/IOLI performance data are the following:
Support of 32 line interfaces configurable for either E1 (120 Ohm or 75 Ohm) or T1
(100 Ohm) via:
4 x D37 SUB-D connectors (8 lines per connector) housed on the IOLI module
front, providing the 100 /120 Ohm connections
32 x coaxial connectors housed on the IOLI module front, providing the 75 Ohm
connections
Support of up to two 2.048 MHz reference clocks extracted from the line interfaces
Management of at least 256 HDLC channels
Support for conversion between 8 /16 / 64 Kbit/s time slots on the TDM interface and
internal Ethernet-based PPP-Mux connections switched through the SMAC
Figure 17 shows the block diagram of the LIET.
Figure 17 LIET / IOLI Block Diagram
3.5 LISO Blade
The LISO blade is the Line Module adopted on A and Asub interfaces in eTRAU envi-
ronment for the optical connections to MSC and BSC.
nventory
Data
Power
Supply
Unit
Clock
Unit
PMC
Peripheral
Processor
P
r
i
m
a
r
y

O
V
P
T
T
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r

&

S
e
c
o
n
d
a
r
y

O
V
P
T
R
e
l
a
i
s
F
r
a
m
e
r

+

L
U
TDM / ETHERNET
NTERWORKNG
G
E
S

n
t
e
r
f
a
c
e
48V to / from MCG PMB
N+1 redundancy bus
OL LET
E1/T1 Line to / from SMAC

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Each LISO blade supports two optical ports, which can be configured in structured or
unstructured mode. For the eTRAU purposes only the structured mode is used, allowing
the blade to support 126 equivalents E1 or 168 equivalent T1 lines, (63 E1 or 84 T1 lines
per mezzanine/port). Moreover LISO blade manages up to 1024 LAPD links.
The LISO blade functionality is achieved mounting the two SLIM mezzanines on the
WARP-L.
The SLIMs are two AMC mezzanines, they support an optical interface channelized
STM-1/OC-3 (VC-12) that provides the A/Asub interface for TDM traffic for the connec-
tion towards the BSC and TRAU nodes.
The optical interface, operating on single-mode 9/125 m optical fibers with 1310 nm of
source nominal wavelength, is conformed to ITU-T Recommendation G.957 S-1.1
(Short-Haul). Average optical output transmitted power from -15 to -8 dBm is available
and receiver sensitivity is -28 dBm (-34dBM).
As for the LIET, LISO blade terminates LAPD and does not use the SS7 signaling layer
L2 termination functionality but supports the transparent transport of SS7, X25A, NUC
and FRL.
There is no restriction on the LISO blades placement in the shelf and rack but the SMAC
and MCP reserved slots. The LISOs could be placed either in the upper or lower shelf,
the only aspect to take care is that the blades work in pairs, an active blade and its spare
blade, and the two must be placed in slots connected each other with the aTCA update
channel.
The redundancy scheme adopted for these blades is 1+1 hot standby (managed by the
O&M functionalities), supporting the APS for optical fiber.
The LISO blades work in a 1+1 redundancy configuration: one blade will be working
while the other blade will be the protection one. The assignment of the role is dynami-
cally handled according to blade availability or Operator action. The Operator can
change the role of the LISO performing the Switch command. One of the two OPTLINE
is selected as working, whereas the other one is protection. The STM payload data are
processed by the active LISO that receives traffic from both redundant OPTLINE and
select one of them. The decision about the active state of the OPTLINE involves the
APS SW running on the LISO blades. Automatic protection switching supported in
eTRAU is the 1+1 configuration, see Figure 18.

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Blade Description
Figure 18 APS 1+1 Configuration
According to ITU-T G.783, in the 1+1 configuration, bridging is done at the electrical
level; therefore, the same payloads are transmitted over the working and protection
lines. Since traffic is carried simultaneously by the working and protection lines, the
receiver that terminates the APS 1+1 must select cells from either line and continue to
forward one consistent traffic stream. The receiving ends can switch from working to
protection line without coordinating at the transmit end since both lines transmit the
same information.
Two switching modes are defined for APS: since in 1+1 configuration the working TX
signal is bridged to the protection TX signal only the difference in handling of the selector
at the incoming Rx of working and protection side has to be regarded. The definition of
unidirectional and bi-directional are based on ITU-T G.841 and Telcordia GR-253-
CORE. Both switching modes are supported in eTRAU. After switch-over there are two
options for the further proceeding of the APS function:
Revertive mode: where the working path is always the preferred path. After failure
recovery on the working section the traffic is switched automatically back from the
protection section to the working section
Non-revertive mode: where there is no preferred path. Bridge and selector do not
change after recovery of the failure situation. The traffic remains on the protection
section until a signal loss or degrade on this section
In eTRAU, non-revertive mode only is supported.
The cross link between active and standby copy for APS data is currently assumed to
go back to the baseboard and to go over aTCAs Update Interface.
Figure 19 shows the block diagram of the LISO.
Protection line
Working line
R
T
Rx
Tx

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Figure 19 LISO Blade
3.6 Shelf Manager Module
According to PICMG 3.1, aTCA Management functions are responsible to monitoring
the health of HW components, resetting and powering up a blade.
The IPM Controllers (IPMC) are present on every blade.
The Shelf Manager functionality is provided by the ShMC located in the aTCA shelf.
It guarantees the control of the Shelf, acting as a starter and dispatcher of commands
to the blades through the IPMC via a dedicated bus (IPMB) with IPMI commands.
Each shelf of the eTRAU includes a redundant (1+1) ShMC blade.
The Shelf Manager module provides the following functions:
Shelf Management capability for up to 16 slots ATCA shelf
Dual IPMB bus architecture
Dual 10/100 Mbps Ethernet Controller
Generation of Telco alarms. LEDs and isolated Telco alarms connection on the SAP
module
Dedicated link to the redundant ShMC for active-standby operation
Power supply, Monitoring and speed control of FANs inside the shelf
Dedicated link to the two shelves data modules (FRU modules)
Serial port for debugging purposes (UART)
Single ambient temperature monitor on blade
Remote monitoring of the two -48V shelf feeds (sensor on PEM blade)
SLM
SLM
AMC.1 /F
AMC.1 /F
APS
APS
Reference clock
Reference clock
Processor BLADE
GbE
GbE
F
a
b
r
i
c
F
a
b
r
i
c
U
p
d
a
t
e
U
p
d
a
t
e
B
A
C
K
P
L
A
N
E
STM1 Line
STM1 Line

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Blade Description
Figure 20 shows the block diagram of the ShMC.
Figure 20 Shelf Manager Block Diagram
The SHMM provides a flexible platform for shelf management functionality. Using the
Small Outline Dual Inline Memory Module mezzanine form factor the SHMM is espe-
cially targeted to provide the primary shelf management intelligence on the ShMC blade.
The SHMM is for system architectures based on aTCA specification.
The SHMM supports redundant operation with automatic switchover between two
SHMMs. In a configuration where two SHMMs are presents, one acts as the active shelf
manager and the other as standby. Both SHMMs monitor each other, and either can
trigger a switchover if necessary.
GPP
IPMC
Power
Supply
Zone 2
update
channels
Zone 3
( RTM )
Zone 2

Base
nterface
GES
Base GES
Fabric GES
Expansion
GES
Zone 2
Fabric
nterface
External
Connectors
Zone 2
Sync.
Clock
nterface
MCG
PMB_A
PMB_B
Standard F
bus
1000 Base BX
8 x Gbps
CLK 1
CLK 2
External
Reference
from RTM
2
T3
T04 , T4

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The master only I2C bus present on the SHMM module is also used to connect to micro-
controller the following devices present on the ShMC blade:
Temperature monitors: provide the ambient temperature measure surrounding the
blade
System management controller: provides the fans control via the PWM command
and it receives the tachometer feedback signal
3.7 Shelf Alarm Panel
The SAP is the unit that provides the Telco alarm interface of eTRAU shelf.
On its front plate are available:
The Telco alarms connector for remote monitoring
The Telco alarm LEDs (red, orange and amber)
The Telco alarm reset push button
A connector to route Telco Minor, Major and Critical alarms signals to the rack Lamp
Panel
The SAP blade is connected, with a master I2C bus, to both ShMCs modules but only
the active Shelf manager has access to SAP.
Figure 21 shows the block diagram of the SAP.

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Blade Description
Figure 21 SAP Block Diagram
3.8 Alarm Collector and Fan Control
The ACFC blade is the unit that provides the interface to connect up to 21 External
Alarms (environment) to the eTRAU equipment and that realizes the interface to
connect the two Shelf Managers with the Fans trays to provide the control of the cooling
of the shelf.
Protection devices against over voltages on the External Alarms lines are provided on
the blade.
The rear connector of the ACFC realizes the interface, via back plane, to the SMAC
blades and the Fan trays. This interface provides:
The External alarms lines to the SMAC blades
The dedicated -48V power supply line used to supply the Fan trays modules
The control and monitor the speed of the fans
The protection against over voltages on alarm signal lines
X
2
T
E
L
C
O

A
l
a
r
m
s

C
o
n
n
e
c
t
o
r
LEDs
nterface
X
3
L
a
m
p

P
a
n
e
l

C
o
n
n
e
c
t
o
r
Lamp
Panel
nterface
TELCO Alarms
Reset Push
Button
Critical
Major
Minor
Critical
Major
Minor
Power
Minor
clear
Major
clear
GPO
P3V3
OR
TELCO Alarms
LEDs
X
1
B
a
c
k
p
l
a
n
e

C
o
n
n
e
c
t
o
r
2C Bus
P3V3_1
P3V3_2
SCL_2C
SDA_2C
NT#_2C
PRES_SAP
PRES_GND

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On the front plate of the blade there are the interface connectors for the External Alarms,
Door Alarm and Fan control. The External Alarms connector, like in the eBSC, is a SUB
D 50 Type connector.
External Alarms Interface
The External Alarm Interface is a connector that collects up to 21 alarms each one con-
stituted by two wires that report the status of a relay. The wire correspondent to the
common of relay is put to electrical ground GND inside the ACFC blade.
Line Protection
This block realizes the protection on alarm signal lines against over voltages due to
surges. This protection is realized with semiconductor devices on each signal line that
discharge the surge over current to mechanical ground (GNDM).
Fan Control Interfaces
There are two fan control interfaces, one for each ShMC.
Each interface is a constituted by a connector that collects from its ShMC the PWM
signal to control the speed of all six fans and the power supply for the fans.
The same interface returns to its ShMC three fans presence signals (one for each fan
tray module) and six tachometer signals (one for each fan).
Signals lines to and from the two Shelf Managers are combined and split inside ACFC
blade without any particular device and are connected to the three fan tray modules.
The power supply from the two Shelf Managers are combined inside the ACFC blade
with "OR" diodes on MUE lines.
3.9 Power Entry Module
The PEM implements the interface to the main power supply input. It is used both in
upper and lower shelf.
Each shelf contains two PEM to connect the two -48V main feeds provided, for redun-
dancy.
Each main feed to the shelf comes from the rack DC Panel split on four cables pairs that
are fixed on the front of each PEM.
Inside the PEM the split is maintained on four power lines that are fed separately to the
shelf back plane via the rear connector. An EMI filter on each line contributes to meet
the EMC requirements at shelf level, as represented in Figure 22.

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Blade Description
Figure 22 Power Distribution Concept
The presence of power supply on each line is monitored and when, for any reason, a
failure occurs on a power line, a specific alarm signal for that line is generated and sent
to the Shelf Manager, on a dedicated I2C bus, via shelf back plane.
The PEM also have on module the Shelf FRU device that is connected to the two Shelf
Managers, via shelf back plane, with an I2C bus different from that used for the power
supply failure alarm.
The active devices on the PEM are supplied by a 3,3V voltage provided in redundancy
mode by the Shelf managers via the shelf back plane Z1 Z2.
PEM A PEM B
PEM A PEM B
LOWER SHELF
UPPER SHELF
BREAKERS
BREAKERS
EM Filter EM Filter
DC PANEL
4
4
MSU FEED A
and Lighting protection
MSU FEED B
and Lighting protection
FEED B
FEED A
4
4

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3.10 Power Supply (DC Panel)
Each eTRAU shelf is supplied with two independent lines at -48V for redundancy and
combined together only at blade level. The top of the rack hosts the power supply cables
connections and lighting protection devices. The DC panel provides the power distribu-
tion; the two main supply lines are split on several power lines for a multiple power
entries connection to the shelves. Each power line is protected by a breaker accessible
at the DC Panel front plate and specific filters are available on each main line.
The EMC requirements are fulfilled by combined operations of these filters with the EMI
filters at shelf and blade level.
For the reason that the partially proprietary equipment practice of the eTRAU implies
deviation from aTCA requirements, also aTCA shelf power supply requirements have
been partially fulfilled.
The eTRAU shelf power supply has the following characteristics:
It is aligned to the safety requirements of IEC 60950 Recommendation for power
entry terminals or connectors
Power entry method supported is both connector or power stud
Fusing at power entry point of the shelf is not supported
The DC panel supports power switching
All the main blades (SMAC, etc.) receive the dual DC feeds provided by the shelf.
The secondary voltages are generated on each blade by specific DC-DC converters.
Any power required by an Input/Output module is provided by the corresponding blade
(for example the SMAC) via back plane.
TERA Board
The TERA is the board that collects the Telco alarms of the Upper and Lower shelf (from
the SAP board) and realizes the OR of each alarm type for RAS.
This board accommodate three connectors: two Molex Micro-D 15 plug for input alarm
signals from SAPs boards and one Sub-D 37 pin female for the RAS output. The board
consists of only direct connections among these three connectors and there arent other
passive or active components.
The OR alarm signals are available on a SUB-D 37 pins connector.
The pin out of Critical, Major and Minor alarms is the same of the BSC1 for compliance.
All other remote alarms of the previous TRAU system are not present in eTRAU and for
this reason the correspondent pins of the RAS connector are N.C. (Not Connected).
The Power Alarm and the Reset signals for Minor and Major alarm, present only on
eTRAU, are mapped on pins that are not assigned in the BSC1.
The TERA board is placed inside the DC Panel with the connectors available on the front
panel.

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Blade Description
3.11 Lamp Panel
The Lamp Panel is the module of the rack that signalizes in a visual manner the Minor,
Major and Critical alarms generated by the maintenance system of eTRAU.
The lamps shall be visible from the front of the rack and the following colors in combina-
tion with the named alarms are applied:
Minor: Yellow
Major: Orange/amber
Critical: Red
The lighting of each LED is controlled switching on/off a 48V voltage (range 40.5V to
57V) carried to Lamp panel from MSU.
This voltage is, for redundancy, the OR derived from FEED A and FEED B supply lines
and is adequately protected against over currents or short-circuits.
The maximum current available is 0.5A max.
The 48V positive pole is carried directly and it is common to all three LEDs.
The 48V negative pole is carried separately to each LED when the correspondent alarm
is switched on by one of its two associated relay contact, one on SAP module of the
Upper Shelf and the other on SAP module of the Lower Shelf.
The relays are controlled by the eTRAU system maintenance.
The OR functions between the corresponding alarms criteria from the SAP modules
are realized on Lamp Panel module (see Figure 23).
Figure 23 Lamp Panel Concept
FEED
- +
SAP Upper Shelf SAP Lower Shelf MSU
FEED
- +
OR OR
Lamp Panel

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TED:eTRAU Software Architecture
Id:0900d805801d5727
4 Software Architecture
The eTRAU software is subdivided into the following main categories:
SW components that do not depend from the adopted TRAU1 or eTRAU platform
SW components that have been restructured to run on eTRAU platform
SW components that depend from the eTRAU platform, like for example the OS
Besides the eTRAU software architecture is structured in two different levels:
1) SW physical allocation: at this level the software is allocated on each related blade,
as represented in next Figure 24
2) Logical SW architecture: the Software is subdivided into Functional Areas and Sub-
systems. A functional area is a logical set of functions that provide one or more services
(an example of functional area is the "System Download", the "Status Manager", etc.).
A subsystem is a further subdivision of the Functional area, that means that a Functional
Area can be composed by one or more subsystems. This logical subdivision is indepen-
dent from the physical allocation of SW
Figure 24 eTRAU Software Physical Allocation
The eTRAU software includes also the peripheral processors. Their functions (for
example the functions provided by A protocol stack) are detailed in the related GSM
Recommendations.
The MPC software is the main eTRAU SW component; it controls the configuration,
operational and maintenance status of all the subsystems, including the subordinate
processors. The MPC software manages the Operating System, the status administra-
tion and audit functions, the System Maintenance, the Database Administration, the
control and supervision of the switching matrix and all the related administrative func-
tions.
Besides it supervises also the Level2 LAPD, the Packet Service, the Network Layer 7.
The MSB software supports all Basic Services.
The SMAC software is the common communication part for all traffic within the eTRAU
and it provides the synchronization capability from an external source in order to
generate and propagate all the clocking signals necessary to keep synchronous the
system and the boards supporting synchronous transport network interfaces.
MPC Software MSB Software SMAC Software
Line Module
Software
eTRAU Software

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Software Architecture
The Line Module software supports the traffic exchanged between the A and Asub inter-
faces (voice and CS data services). The Line Module software provides also the Level
2 termination for the A interface (MTP-2 for SS7 layer 2) and the support of PCMH (for
extended SS7 links).
The eTRAU software architecture is composed by the following three different logical
levels, as represented in next Figure 25:
Base Layer
O&M Layer
Application Layer
Figure 25 eTRAU Layered SW Architecture
Each level consists of the following functional areas:
Base Layer:
Basic Services
Operating System
System Manager Interface / Hardware Platform Interface
Utilities
O&M Layer:
System Download
Data Base Administrator
General Maintenance
Device Handler
Performance Measurement
Diagnostic Manager
Application Layer
Level2 LAPD
Application
Layer
Applications
Lev2Lapd
TPlane Transcoding and Rate Adaption
Applications Supporting O&M Functionalities
PM
Performance Measurement
Manager / Agent
DB
Database Administrator
Central / Local
DG
Diagnostic
Manager
GM
General
Maintenance
SD
SW Download
Central / Local
DH
Device Handler
Manager / Agent
O&M
Layer
Base Software Services
Basic Services
VOS
OS
Boot - Loader
PXE / Red. Prot. Stk.
Base
Layer
SH
Prot-Stack
DBMS
Server / Client

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T-Plane Management
Transcoding and Rate Adaption
The main functions and characteristics of each functional area are described in the next
part of the chapter.
4.1 Base Layer
Base Services
The eTRAU Basic Services provide a common base SW platform on which applications
can be easily developed and integrated. The eTRAU Base Services are scalable and
easily extensible system functionalities; they implement a kind of high availability mid-
dleware and service applications for usage by the proprietary SW applications.
They allow SW based redundancy to avoid future HW dependency.
Besides these services provide a set of APIs to enable highly available applications;
before they can use the capabilities of the available services, the SW applications need
to subscribe themselves to those they expect to use. Each of the Base Services may
also use the functionalities of other services by subscribing to them.
The main Basic Services are the following:
Board Accessibility Service
Message Service
Availability Management Service
Memory Replication Service
Event Service
Operating System
The eTRAU OS is Linux. It is structured in the following main applications:
Boot Loader
This subsystem manages the SW load and OS startup.
Kernel
This subsystem is the core of the OS. It manages the OS resources and provides the
applications with the features needed for their usage, in most cases through a set of
system calls.
Its main functionalities are the following:
CPU time management, for real time tasks activity scheduling
Memory management, for dynamic allocation of memory areas
Communication and synchronization between tasks, by means of messages data
structures, mailboxes, semaphores and so on
System timings, for timers handling
This subsystem is reported from the one developed for eBSC, but it must be modified
for the MSB blade.
In the eTRAU MSB CPU time management and task scheduling operations are
managed by the Linux Kernel 2.6 OS.
Virtual Operating System
The Virtual OS is a library that can be linked by applications in order to gain access to
some useful services, and to facilitate old code portion on the new platform.

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Software Architecture
4.2 O&M Layer
Data Base Administration
The Data Base Administration software on eTRAU must provide the capability to
manage configuration data: to handle configuration commands from/to T-interface and
Asub, to store it into central database and file system, to distribute and store it to periph-
eral boards, to make it available for all eTRAU applications. It also provides the capabil-
ity to load the internal processor local DBs for the following processors:
SMAC
LIET
The eTRAU database contains all the configuration data and the operational parameters
used to drive the eTRAU features. These are typically semi-permanent data and can
have different representations in different places within the eTRAU. Basically there is a
central view of the database, organized as a collection of logical records, and used for
all the updating and query functions. In addition each processor translates the logical
record of its interest into data tables to be used by the application programs during exe-
cution.
Mass storage on eTRAU is provided only for LMO related data; RMO related data are
saved but reset upon Init Reset Resources initialization level.
Locally on BSC processor data are available to applications by means of direct access
to database tables or utility functions; data modifications may be notified to applications
by means of messages or function call, according to processes needs.
The DBA software handles both the central and local views of the database.
It can be functionally split into the following blocks:
Central DB Administrator, only present on MCP
Peripheral DB Manager, located on MCP
Peripheral DB Administrator (DBxA, x according to eTRAU processor)
4.3 Application Layer
Level2 Radio
This software functional area covers the various Level 2 HDLC protocol applications
which can be found in the eBSC. The protocol applications are spread over the various
Line Module blades. So, LIET and LISO blades host the applications supporting follow-
ing HDLC-based protocols:
LAPD links to control BSC (Asub) and MSC (A)
MTP-2 protocol to provide level 2 links to SS7 stack (A interface)
T-Plane
This functional area initializes and handles (set up and tear down) the eTRAU internal
connections. The manager component runs on MCP blade maintaining a whole picture
of all the systems interconnections and transferring dedicated part to the various agent
instances on LIET, LISO and MSB blades. The connections are not set up dynamically
by call processing, but are semi-permanent connection predefined during system
startup (or system configuration change, MSB spare blade activation) between Line
(LISO and LIET) and MSB blades (so T-Plane does not receive any connection request
related to call management).

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TED:eTRAU Environmental Standards
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5 Environmental Standards
In this chapter the main eTRAU environmental standards are described.
5.1 Storage and Transportation
The criteria in this section apply to the equipment in its normal shipping container.
The packaged equipment shall not be affected in its functional performances after it has
been exposed to the environment described in Table 4.
5.2 Stationary Use Indoor
The Indoor equipment shall not be affected by the environmental conditions specified in
ETS 300019-1-3 Recommendation, class 3.1. The environmental standards together
with the relevant test specifications are defined in Table 5.
Environment Storage Transport
Climatic conditions ETS 300 019-1-1 class 1.2
EN 300 019-2-1 Test T 1.2
ETS 300 019-1-2 class 2.3
EN 300 019-2-2 Test T 2.3
Biological conditions ETS 300 019-1-1 class 1.2 ETS 300 019-1-2 class 2.3
Chemically active sub-
stances
ETS 300 019-1-1 class 1.2 ETS 300 019-1-2 class 2.3
Mechanically active sub-
stances
ETS 300 019-1-1 class 1.2 ETS 300 019-1-2 class 2.3
Mechanical conditions ETS 300 019-1-1 class 1.2
EN 300 019-2-1 Test T 1.2
ETS 300 019-1-2 class 2.3
EN 300 019-2-2 Test T 2.3
Table 4 Storage and Transportation
Environmental Standards Test Specification
Climatic conditions for eTRAU EN 300019-2-3
Test specification T3.1
+5C... + 40C
Chemically and mechanically active sub-
stances
No test required (The characteristic
severities of class 3.1 should be con-
sidered when designing the equip-
ment and when choosing
components and materials)
Mechanical conditions EN 300019-2-3
Test specification T3.2
Acoustic noise emission ETS 300753 (6), class 3.1
Measurement method: ISO 7779
Earthquake EN 300 019-2-3 chapter 4.2
(IEC 60721-2-6: Zone 4)
Table 5 Environmental Standards for Stationary Use Indoor

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Environmental Standards
5.3 Electromagnetic Compatibility
5.3.1 Emission Standards
g The eTRAU complies with Low Voltage Directive 73/23/eec and EMC Detective
89/336/EEC.
5.3.2 Immunity Standards
g The EN 50121-4 Recommendation is applicable for GSM-R equipment only.
eTRAU: EN 300 386
EN 55022 Class B
FCC Part 15.107 Class A
FCC Part 15.109 Class A
eTRAU: EN 300 386
EN 55024
EN 61000-6-2

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TED:eTRAU Product safety and EMF Protection
Id:0900d805801c6ace
6 Product safety and EMF Protection
In this chapter some product safety and EMF protection rules for the eTRAU system are
presented.
6.1 Product Safety
The eTRAU NEs comply with the safety standards of the standards listed in Table 6.
6.2 Power Supply Interface
Europe / World North America
Safety of information technology
equipment
IEC 60950-1 UL 60950-1
Safety of laser products IEC 60825-1
IEC 60825-2
UL 60950
Fire resistance IEC 60950
(4.4, Annex A)
UL 60950
UL 94
Table 6 Product Safety Standards
Test Criteria Steady State Voltage Tolerance Standards
-48 V DC 230 V / 50 HZ AC 120 V / 60 HZ AC
Normal operation:
Within this voltage range no damage or dete-
rioration of functional performance shall
occur during and after the test. Performance
of eTRAU equipment shall meet the follow-
ing standards of the relevant Air Interface
standards:
- TX Modulation accuracy
- TX output power (GSM only)
- RX Reference sensitivity.
ETS 300 132-2:
- 40,5 to - 57,0 V
Line to neutral:
207 to 253 V
47-53 Hz
Line to neutral:
90 to 132 V
Line to line:
180 to 264 V
57 - 63 Hz
Table 7 Power Supply Interface Standards

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