T I P S

PROBLEM SOLVING IN MATHEMATICS

Problem solving is the main focus in the teaching and learning of mathematics. Therefore the teaching
and learning process must include problem solving skills which are comprehensive and cover the whole
curriculum. The development of problem solving skills need to be emphasized so that students are able to
solve various problems effectively.
The skills involved are:
Understanding the problem
Devising a plan
Carrying out the plan; and
Looking back at the solutions
UNDERSTAND THE KEYWORDS
NO. KEYWORD WHAT IS ITS IMPLICATION ?
1 Hence Usually you have to use the answer obtained from the previous
section in your calculation.
2 Express No numerical answer is required. Answers are usually given in terms
of variables.
3 Prove, Show The answer is usually given. You are required to show clearly the
steps how you arrive at the answer. In this type of question, you must
be familiar with the mathematical formulas, rules and laws.
4 Write, State The answer can be worked out mentally. Hence, you can write down
the answer without showing the working.
5 Solve Find the root(s) of a given equation
6 Estimate For example, estimate the median from an ogive. A certain range of
answers is acceptable.
7 Calculate,fnd,determine Obtain the answer by showing proper steps of working.
8 Draw ( a graph ) Prepare a table of values, plot the points on a graph paper using a
suitable scale and then join the points using a straight line ( or a
smooth curve )
9 Sketch ( a graph ) A graph paper is not required. The accuracy of the graph is
negligible. The important factors are the shape of the graph and the
position of the graph with respect to the axes.
MATHEMATICS
T I P S
IMPORTANT FORMULAE
RELATION SHAPES AND SPACE
|
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a c
b d
bc ad
A
1
1
P(A) =
( )
( ) S
A

P(A
/
) = 1 P(A)
Distance = ( ) ( )
2
1 2
2
1 2
y y x x +
Midpoint (x,y) = |
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\
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2
,
2
2 1 2 1
y y x x
Average speed = distance traveled
Time taken
Mean = sum of data
Number of data
Pythagoras
/
Theorem
c
2
= a
2
+ b
2
gradient , m =
1 2
1 2
x x
y y

ercept x
ercet y
m
int
int

=
Scale factor , k =
PA
PA
/
Area of image = k
2
x area of object
Sum of interior angles of a polygon
= ( n 2 ) x 180
0
Volume of right pyramid
=
3
1
x base area x height
Volume of sphere =
3
3
4
r I
Volume of cone = h r
2
3
1
I
Volume of cylinder = h r
2
I
Volume of right prism
= cross sectional area x length
Surface area of sphere =
2
4 r I
Curved surface area of cylinder = rh I 2
Area of circle =
2
r I
Circumference of circle = r d I = I 2
Area of trapezium
=
2
1
x sum of parallel sides x height
T I P S
1. Sentence of the truth is known is a statement.
2.




) ( 1 , ,
) (
/
A P A P
S
B A
B and A P
S
B A
B or A P

3. Range difference between the smallest value and the largest value.
4. m = tan T , where T is the angle made by the line with the horizontal and
measured in an anticlockwise direction.
5. Equation of the straight line: y = mx + c where m = gradient and c = y-intercept
at y intercept , x = 0 and x intercept , y = 0
The x-intercept and the y-intercept are not written in the form of coordinates.
6. A compound statement containing `` if and only if`` can be written as two
implications.
Implication 1 : If p then q
Implication 2 : If q then p
7. The number of subsets = 2
n
, where n is the number of elements in the set.
8. Standard form , A x 10
n
where 1 < A < 10 and n is an integer.
9. To factorise ax
2
+ bx = x ( ax + b ) , To factorise a
2
x
2
b
2
= (ax b )( ax + b )
10. In a unit circle, the value of sin T = y coordinate , cos T = x coordinate ,
tan T =
coordinate x
coordinate y

11. Cumulative frequency the total of the frequencies of the class interval and all the
classes before it.
12. The intersection of two straight lines is found by solving simultaneous equations.
13. If the lines are parallel then m
1
=m
2
else m
1
z m
2
14. A statement is a sentence which is either true or false. A sentence is not a statement if
we cannot determine whether it is true or false.
15. The mode and mean of grouped data:
(a) The modal class is the class with the highest frequency
(b) The midpoint of a class =
2
1
( upper class limit + lower class limit )
(c) Mean = Sum of ( midpoint of class x frequency )
Sum of frequency
SMART NOTES
T I P S
MISCONCEPTION CORNER
QUESTIONS INCORRECT CORRECT
1. Factorise 16k
2
- 25 16k
2
25
= ( 4k 5 )
2
(4k)
2
5
2
= ( 4k 5)(4k + 5 )
2. Solve y
2
2y = 3 y ( y 2 ) = 3
y = 3 0r y 2 = 3
y = 5
y
2
2y 3 = 0
( y 3)( y +1 ) = 0
y = 3 , y = - 1
3. Round off 7951 correct
to two significant figures.
7951 = 80 7951 = 8000
4. Determine if the
following mathematical
sentence is a statement or
not. Give a reason for your
answer.
`` 7 + 3 = 21 `
7 + 3 = 21 is not a
statement.
7 + 3 = 21 is a statement
because it is false.
Find the gradient of the
straight line y 3x = 7
y 3x = 7
Therefore, the gradient
is - 3
y 3x = 7
y = 3x + 7
Compare this equation with
y = mx + c
Therefore, the gradient
is 3 .
Given that L = { }
and M = { , find
5 , 4 , 3 , 2 , 1
} 6 , 5
( ) M L
( )
( ) 7 2 5
2 5 ) (
= + =
= =
M L
M and L { }
( ) 6
6 , 5 , 4 , 3 , 2 , 1
=
=
L K
L K
Complete the following
argument.
Premise 1 : ___________
Premise 2 : p - 3 = 10
Conclusion : p 13 =
If p - 3 = 10 , then p = 13 If p = 13 , then p - 3 = 10
Express
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+
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5
3
2
1
4
as a single matrix.
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+
+
=
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+
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12
16
3
4
4
5 2
3 1
4
5
3
2
1
4
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=
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+
+
=
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+
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=
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+
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3
7
5 8
3 4
5
3
8
4
5
3
2
1
4
T I P S
MISCONCEPTION CORNER
QUESTIONS INCORRECT CORRECT
Find the values of
(a) sin 160
0
(b) tan 290
0
(a) sin 160
0
= sin ( 160
0
90
0
)
= sin 70
0
= 0.9397
(b) tan 290
0
= - tan ( 290
0
270
0
)
= - tan 20
0
= - 0.3640
(a) sin 160
0
= + sin (180
0
160
0
)
= sin 20
0
= 0.3420
(b) tan 290
0
= - tan ( 360
0
290
0
)
= - tan 70
0
= - 2.7474
6. Find the gradient of a
straight line passing
through P(2,3) and
Q ( 4,6 )
Gradient PQ
2
3
4 2
3 6
=

=
Gradient PQ
2
3
2 4
3 6
=

=
Find the difference in
longitudes between points
P ( 45
0
N, 87
0
E ) and
Q ( 45
0
N, 33
0
W )
Difference in longitudes
= 87
0
33
0
= 54
0
Difference in longitudes
= 87
0
+ 33
0
= 120
0
A box contains 3 yellow
and 5 white balls. Two
balls are selected at
random, one after another,
with replacement. Find the
probability that the selected
balls are of different
colours.
Let Y and W be the events of
selecting a yellow ball and a
white ball respectively.
P ( different colours )
= P ( yellow and white )
= P ( Y W )
=
8
5
8
3

=
64
15
Let Y and W be the events
of selecting a yellow ball
and a white ball
respectively.
P ( different colours )
= P ( Y W ) + P (WY)
32
15
8
3
8
5
8
5
8
3
=
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+ |
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=
7. A bag contains 3 black
and 2 green marbles.
Find the sample
space S
S = { } G B, S={ }
2 1 3 2 1
, , , , G G B B B
T I P S
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENT
KNOWLEDGE SKILL
1. Express ( 3x - 1)( 2x + 5 ) in the simplest
form.
1. Solve the equation
( 2y 1)( y + 3) = 2 (y + 1 )
2. Factorise each of the following:
(a) p q
2
p (b) 3x
2
5x 2
2. Using matrices, find the values
of x and y that satisfy the
following simultaneous equations.
3x + 4y = 5
4x 3y =
2
5
3. Explain why the mathematical sentence
` 2
3
+ 1 = 7 ` is a statement.
3. Make a general conclusion by
Induction for the number
sequence 5 , 9 , 13, 17, .
5 = 4(2) 3
9 = 4(3) 3
13 = 4(4) 3
17 = 4(5) - 3

T I P S
CLONE SPM QUESTIONS ( PAPER 1 )
ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS
1. 2 ( h 3k )
2
+ 3 hk =
A - 2h
2
+ 15hk + 18k
2
C - 2h
2
+ 15hk 18k
2
B - 2h
2
+ 9hk 18k
2
D - 2h
2
9hk + 18 k
2
Answer : C
Solution :
- 2 ( h 3k )( h 3k ) + 3hk
= - 2 ( h
2
6hk + 9k
2
) + 3hk
= - 2h
2
+ 12hk 18k
2
+ 3hk
= - 2h
2
+ 15hk 18k
2
LINEAR EQUATIONS
2. Given that
5
1
3
3

k k
, find the value of k .
A 6 B 9 C
4
1
D
4
3

Answer: B
Solution :
5k 15 = 3k + 3
5k 3k = 3 + 15
2k = 18 , k = 9
NUMBER BASES
3. Given that x
5
= 44
10
, then x =
A 34 B 43 C 134 D 431
Answer : C
5 44 Remainder
5 8 4
5 1 3
0 1
T I P S
ALGEBRAIC FRACTIONS
4. Express
2
12
5 2
6
1
p
p
p

as a single fraction in its simplest form.

2 2 2 2
12
1 3
12
5
12
3
3
1
p
p
D
p
C
p
p
B
p
A

Answer : C
Solution :
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2
2
2
12
5
12
5 2 2
12
5 2 2
12
5 2
6 2
2 1
12
5 2
6
1
p p
p p
p
p p
p
p
p p
p
p
p
p
=
+
=

=

EARTH AS A SPHERE
5. P ( 30
0
N, 70
0
E ) and Q are two points on the surface of the earth such that PQ is a
diameter of the earth. State the location of Q.
A ( 30
0
N, 70
0
W ) B ( 30
0
N,110
0
B) C ( 30
0
S, 110
0
E)
D ( 30
0
S , 110
0
W )
Answer: D
Location of P P ( 30
0
N, 70
0
E )
Location of Q Q ( 30
0
S , 110
0
W )
FORMULAE
7 Given that 7
5
3
=
k
n
, then k =
( ) 5
7
3
5
7
3
5 7 5 49
2 2
2 2
+ |
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+ +
n
D
n
C n B n A
Answer: C
T I P S
TYPE OF QUESTION
LEVEL OF DIFFUCULTY
LOW
1. Express 8
2
+ 5 as a number in base 8.
2. Given that
1
2

h
h
k , express h in terms of k .
3. Express 3.71 x 10
5
as a single number.
4. Find the difference in longitude between each pair of meridians given.
(i) 37
0
E and 78
0
E (ii) 43
0
E and 59
0
W
5. If K = ^ , determine the number of possible subsets. ` 7 , 5 , 4 , 3 , 2 , 1
MEDIUM
1. Calculate the values of m and n that satisfy the following simultaneous equations:
- m + n = 11 , 2m + 3n = 8
2. List all the integers y that satisfy the inequalities 4y 11 < y 2 < 3y + 2 .
3. There are 180 red, yellow and green marbles in a bag. 60 of them are red.
If a marble is picked at random from the bag, the probability of picking a
green marble is
4
1
. How many yellow marbles are there in the bag ?
HIGH
1. Express
2
10
4 2
5
3
m
m
m

as a single fraction in its simplest form.

2. Simplify 3m
0
x m
5
x ( 2m )
3
3.

8 2
7 3
0 1
6 4
4. Given that
k
k
3 2
1 2
9
1
9

, find the value of k .

T I P S
CRITICAL AND CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS (CCTS )
1. Express 4107
8
as a number in base two.
( Contexts Number Base , Difficulty level - Low )
2. Factorise k ( h 3 ) + 4 ( 1 h ) completely.
( Contexts Algebraic Expressions, Difficulty level Low )
3. P and Q are two points on the equator. The difference in longitude between
P and Q is 26
0
. Find the distance, in nautical miles, between P and Q
measured along the equator.
( Contexts Earth as a Sphere , Difficulty level Medium )
4. There are two lorries with 2.4 x 10
6
kg and 8.3 x 10
5
kg of flour respectively.
Find the difference of mass, in kg, between the two lorries.
( Contexts Standard Form , Difficulty level - Medium )
5. Calculate the values of h and k that satisfy both of the following equations:
2h + k = - 2 , - 6h 4k = 2
( Contexts Simultaneous Equations , Difficulty level - High )
EXAMPLES AND MARKING SCHEME OF PAPER 2
1. Solve the quadratic equation
2
1
3
5 2
2

k
k
( 4 marks )
Answer: 4k
2
3k 10 = 0 ( 1 mark )
(4k + 5)(k 2 ) = 0 ( 1 mark )
k = 2 ,
4
5
( 1 mark)( 1 mark )
2. Find the value of v and of w that satisfy the simultaneous linear equation below.
3 v 4 w = - 2 dan 13 2
2
1
w v ( 4 marks )
Answer:
v + 4w = 26 or equivalent ( 1 mark )
4v = 24 or equivalent ( 1 mark )
v = 6 ( 1 mark )
w = 5 ( 1 mark )
3. A straight line PQ is parallel to line y = - 2x + 5 and passes through point ( 4,-2 )
Find
(a) the gradient of the straight line PQ
(b) the equation of the straight line PQ and hence, state its y intercept.
( 5 marks )
Answer:
(a) - 2 ( 1 mark )
(b) - 2 = - 2(4) + c ( 1 mark )
c = 6 ( 1 mark )
y = - 2x + 6 ( 1 mark )
y intercept = 6 ( 1 mark )
4. (a) Determine whether the following is a statement or not. Give a reason to
you answer.
0 121 121
(b) Rewrite the following statement by inserting the word `` not `` into the
original statement. State the true value of your new statement.
`` 6 is the factor of 72 ``
(c) Construct a false statement using a suitable quantifier for the given object and
the property.
Object : Triangles
Property : Have a right angle
( 5 marks )
Answer:
(a) Statement. ( 1 mark )
False statement. ( 1 mark )
(b) 6 is not a factor of 72. ( 1 mark )
False. ( 1 mark )
(c) All triangles have a right angle ( 1 mark )
5 . Eleven cards bearing the letters of the word `` MATHEMATICS`` are
well shuffled and placed in a bag. Two cards are picked at random from
the bag, one after the other, and are not replaced. Calculate the probability that
(a) the first card bears letter A but the second card does not bear the
same letter A
(b) both cards bear the same letter ( 5 marks )
Answer :
(a) P ( first A and second not A )

mark
mark
1
55
9
1
10
9
11
2

u
(b) P ( both of the same letter )
= P ( AA or MM or TT )
T I P S
( 5 marks )
Answer:
(a) - 2 ( 1 mark )
(b) - 2 = - 2(4) + c ( 1 mark )
c = 6 ( 1 mark )
y = - 2x + 6 ( 1 mark )
y intercept = 6 ( 1 mark )
4. (a) Determine whether the following is a statement or not. Give a reason to
you answer.
0 121 121
(b) Rewrite the following statement by inserting the word `` not `` into the
original statement. State the true value of your new statement.
`` 6 is the factor of 72 ``
(c) Construct a false statement using a suitable quantifier for the given object and
the property.
Object : Triangles
Property : Have a right angle
( 5 marks )
Answer:
(a) Statement. ( 1 mark )
False statement. ( 1 mark )
(b) 6 is not a factor of 72. ( 1 mark )
False. ( 1 mark )
(c) All triangles have a right angle ( 1 mark )
5 . Eleven cards bearing the letters of the word `` MATHEMATICS`` are
well shuffled and placed in a bag. Two cards are picked at random from
the bag, one after the other, and are not replaced. Calculate the probability that
(a) the first card bears letter A but the second card does not bear the
same letter A
(b) both cards bear the same letter ( 5 marks )
Answer :
(a) P ( first A and second not A )

mark
mark
1
55
9
1
10
9
11
2

u
(b) P ( both of the same letter )
= P ( AA or MM or TT )
( )
( ) mark
marks
1
55
3
2
10
1
11
2
10
1
11
2
10
1
11
2
=
+ + =
6. P ( 50
0
N, 40
0
E) , Q ( 50
0
N, 100
0
E ) and R are three points on the
surface of the earth such that QR is the diameter of the parallel of
latitude 50
0
N.
(a) State the longitude of point R
(b) Calculate, nautical miles,
(i) the shortest distance from R to Q via the North Pole
(ii) the distance from P to R due west along the parallel
of latitude 50
0
N
(c) Given that the point W is 5100 nautical miles due south of P,
calculate the latitude of W . (12 marks)
Answer : (a) Longitude of R = ( 180 100 ) W = 80
0
W (2 marks)
(b) (i) Distance from R to Q via the North Pole
= 60 x 80 (2 marks)
= 4800 n.m (1 marks)
(ii) Distance from P to R along latitude 50
0
N
= 60 x 120 x cos 50
0
(3 marks)
= 4628 n.m (1 mark)
(c) 85
60
5100
or POW = Z (1 mark)
Latitude of W = ( 85 50 ) S (1 mark)
= 35
0
S (1 mark)
7. (a) The inverse matrix of is
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4 1
8 3
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3 1
4
1
k
m
Find the values of m and k .
(b) Using matrices, calculate the values of x and y that satisfy the
following simultaneous linear equations.
3x + 8y = 3
x + 4y = - 1 (7 marks)
Answer:
(a) k = - 8 ( 1 mark ) , m = 4 (2 marks)
(b) ( ) mark
y
x
1
1
3
4 1
8 3
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T I P S
( )
( ) mark
marks
1
55
3
2
10
1
11
2
10
1
11
2
10
1
11
2
=
+ + =
6. P ( 50
0
N, 40
0
E) , Q ( 50
0
N, 100
0
E ) and R are three points on the
surface of the earth such that QR is the diameter of the parallel of
latitude 50
0
N.
(a) State the longitude of point R
(b) Calculate, nautical miles,
(i) the shortest distance from R to Q via the North Pole
(ii) the distance from P to R due west along the parallel
of latitude 50
0
N
(c) Given that the point W is 5100 nautical miles due south of P,
calculate the latitude of W . (12 marks)
Answer : (a) Longitude of R = ( 180 100 ) W = 80
0
W (2 marks)
(b) (i) Distance from R to Q via the North Pole
= 60 x 80 (2 marks)
= 4800 n.m (1 marks)
(ii) Distance from P to R along latitude 50
0
N
= 60 x 120 x cos 50
0
(3 marks)
= 4628 n.m (1 mark)
(c) 85
60
5100
or POW = Z (1 mark)
Latitude of W = ( 85 50 ) S (1 mark)
= 35
0
S (1 mark)
7. (a) The inverse matrix of is
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\
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4 1
8 3
|
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.
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\
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3 1
4
1
k
m
Find the values of m and k .
(b) Using matrices, calculate the values of x and y that satisfy the
following simultaneous linear equations.
3x + 8y = 3
x + 4y = - 1 (7 marks)
Answer:
(a) k = - 8 ( 1 mark ) , m = 4 (2 marks)
(b) ( ) mark
y
x
1
1
3
4 1
8 3
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( )
( )
( ) mark y
mark x
y
x
mark
y
x
1
2
3
1 5
2
3
5
1
1
3
3 1
8 4
4
1
=
=
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=
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8.
BOX NUMBER OF PENS NUMBER OF PENCILS
R 2 1
S 4 2
T 5 4
The table shows the number of pens and pencils in three boxes, R , S and T . The
probability of Hafiz choosing any of the boxes is the same. Calculate the probability that
Hafiz
(i) choose R or S (ii) chooses a pen from box T
(iii) chooses a pencil
(6 marks)
Answer :
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
27
10
2
9
4
3
1
6
2
3
1
3
1
3
1
1
27
5
1
9
5
3
1
1
3
2
3
1
3
1
=
+ +
=

= +
marks iii
mark
mark ii
mark i
9. Transformation U represents the translation . Transformation V represents
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2
3
the represents the reflection in the line x = 2. State the coordinates of image of point
( -1,2) under the following transformations.
(i) V (ii) U
2
(iii) VU (5 marks)
Answer: (i ) ( 5,2 ) (ii) ( 5,-2 ) (iii) ( 2,0 )
T I P S
( )
( )
( ) mark y
mark x
y
x
mark
y
x
1
2
3
1 5
2
3
5
1
1
3
3 1
8 4
4
1
=
=
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=
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|
.
|

\
|

=
|
|
.
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\
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8.
BOX NUMBER OF PENS NUMBER OF PENCILS
R 2 1
S 4 2
T 5 4
The table shows the number of pens and pencils in three boxes, R , S and T . The
probability of Hafiz choosing any of the boxes is the same. Calculate the probability that
Hafiz
(i) choose R or S (ii) chooses a pen from box T
(iii) chooses a pencil
(6 marks)
Answer :
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
27
10
2
9
4
3
1
6
2
3
1
3
1
3
1
1
27
5
1
9
5
3
1
1
3
2
3
1
3
1
=
+ +
=

= +
marks iii
mark
mark ii
mark i
9. Transformation U represents the translation . Transformation V represents
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.
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\
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2
3
the represents the reflection in the line x = 2. State the coordinates of image of point
( -1,2) under the following transformations.
(i) V (ii) U
2
(iii) VU (5 marks)
Answer: (i ) ( 5,2 ) (ii) ( 5,-2 ) (iii) ( 2,0 )
( )
( )
( ) mark y
mark x
y
x
mark
y
x
1
2
3
1 5
2
3
5
1
1
3
3 1
8 4
4
1
=
=
|
|
.
|

\
|

=
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

|
|
.
|

\
|

=
|
|
.
|

\
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8.
BOX NUMBER OF PENS NUMBER OF PENCILS
R 2 1
S 4 2
T 5 4
The table shows the number of pens and pencils in three boxes, R , S and T . The
probability of Hafiz choosing any of the boxes is the same. Calculate the probability that
Hafiz
(i) choose R or S (ii) chooses a pen from box T
(iii) chooses a pencil
(6 marks)
Answer :
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
27
10
2
9
4
3
1
6
2
3
1
3
1
3
1
1
27
5
1
9
5
3
1
1
3
2
3
1
3
1
=
+ +
=

= +
marks iii
mark
mark ii
mark i
9. Transformation U represents the translation . Transformation V represents
|
|
.
|

\
|
2
3
the represents the reflection in the line x = 2. State the coordinates of image of point
( -1,2) under the following transformations.
(i) V (ii) U
2
(iii) VU (5 marks)
Answer: (i ) ( 5,2 ) (ii) ( 5,-2 ) (iii) ( 2,0 )
T I P S
10. On the graph, OPQR is a parallelogram. O is the origin.
Find
(a) the equation of the straight
line PQ
(b) the x intercept of the straight
line RQ .
( 5 marks )
0
y
P (2,6)
Q
R (4,2)
x
Answer: (a)
4 0
2 0
0 4
0 2

or m
OR
( 1 mark )
c 2
2
1
6 or c = 5 ( 2 mark )
y =
2
1
x + 5 ( 1 mark )
(b) - 10 ( 1 mark )
11.
Time ( s )
22
16
u
0 8 12 18
Speed (ms
-1
)
The diagram shows the speed-time graph
of a particle over a period of 18 seconds.
Calculate
(i) its accelerations during the first
8 seconds.
(ii) the value of u , if the distance
traveled during the last 10 seconds
is 132 m .
( 5 marks )
Answer :
(i)
4
3
or - 0.75 ( 2 marks )
(ii)
2
1
x4x(16+u) +
2
1
x u x 6 = 132 ( 2 marks )
u = 20 ( 1 mark )
10. On the graph, OPQR is a parallelogram. O is the origin.
Find
(a) the equation of the straight
line PQ
(b) the x intercept of the straight
line RQ .
( 5 marks )
0
y
P (2,6)
Q
R (4,2)
x
Answer: (a)
4 0
2 0
0 4
0 2

or m
OR
( 1 mark )
c 2
2
1
6 or c = 5 ( 2 mark )
y =
2
1
x + 5 ( 1 mark )
(b) - 10 ( 1 mark )
11.
Time ( s )
22
16
u
0 8 12 18
Speed (ms
-1
)
The diagram shows the speed-time graph
of a particle over a period of 18 seconds.
Calculate
(i) its accelerations during the first
8 seconds.
(ii) the value of u , if the distance
traveled during the last 10 seconds
is 132 m .
( 5 marks )
Answer :
(i)
4
3
or - 0.75 ( 2 marks )
(ii)
2
1
x4x(16+u) +
2
1
x u x 6 = 132 ( 2 marks )
u = 20 ( 1 mark )
T I P S
12 cm
P
Q
R 12. The diagram shows a solid cylinder with a
hemispherical PQR hole removed from one
circular end. Both the cylinder and
hemisphere have the same diameter of 10 cm.
Using
7
22
, calculate
the volume of the remaining solid.
(4 marks)
Answer :



mark
mark I
mark j I
mark t j I
SOLID
CAL HEMISPHERI
CYLINDER
1 96 . 680
1 5
7
22
3
2
12 5
7
22
1 5
7
22
3
2
3
4
2
1
1 12 5
7
22
3 2
3 3
2 2

u u u u
u u u
u u
13.
142 145 147 148 158 153 155 157 159 152
157 160 164 148 161 169 150 153 158 143
159 165 163 156 167 162 156 151 154 149
Table 1
Table 1 shows the distribution of heights of 30 plants.
(a) State the size of the class interval. (1 mark)
(b) Copy and complete Table 1. (4 marks)
(c) From the frequency table
(i) state the modal class
(ii) calculate the mean height (4 marks)
Answer :
(a) 5 (1 mark)
(b)
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3
Height (cm ) Frequency Midpoint
140 144 2 142
145 149 5 147
150 154 6 152
155 159 9 157
160 164 5 162
165 - 169 3 167
Table 1
Column 1 (1 mark), Column 2 (2 marks), Column 3 (1 mark)
(c) (i) 155 159 ( 1 mark )
12 cm
P
Q
R 12. The diagram shows a solid cylinder with a
hemispherical PQR hole removed from one
circular end. Both the cylinder and
hemisphere have the same diameter of 10 cm.
Using
7
22
, calculate
the volume of the remaining solid.
(4 marks)
Answer :



mark
mark I
mark j I
mark t j I
SOLID
CAL HEMISPHERI
CYLINDER
1 96 . 680
1 5
7
22
3
2
12 5
7
22
1 5
7
22
3
2
3
4
2
1
1 12 5
7
22
3 2
3 3
2 2

u u u u
u u u
u u
13.
142 145 147 148 158 153 155 157 159 152
157 160 164 148 161 169 150 153 158 143
159 165 163 156 167 162 156 151 154 149
Table 1
Table 1 shows the distribution of heights of 30 plants.
(a) State the size of the class interval. (1 mark)
(b) Copy and complete Table 1. (4 marks)
(c) From the frequency table
(i) state the modal class
(ii) calculate the mean height (4 marks)
Answer :
(a) 5 (1 mark)
(b)
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3
Height (cm ) Frequency Midpoint
140 144 2 142
145 149 5 147
150 154 6 152
155 159 9 157
160 164 5 162
165 - 169 3 167
Table 1
Column 1 (1 mark), Column 2 (2 marks), Column 3 (1 mark)
(c) (i) 155 159 ( 1 mark )
(ii) marks 2
30
4655
= 155.17 ( 1 mark )
14. In diagram below, OHKM is a quadrant with the centre O and OMKL is a
semicircle with the centre M.
Given that OH= 14 cm. Using
7
22
, calculate
(a) the area, in cm
2
, of the shaded region
(b) the perimeter, in cm, of the whole diagram.
( 7 marks ) K
60
0
O
H
L
M
N
Answer:
(a) Area of sector OHK = mark 1 14 14
7
22
360
90
u u u
Area of sector ONM = mark 1 7 7
7
22
360
60
u u u
u u u 14 14
7
22
360
90
mark 1 7 7
7
22
360
60
u u u
= mark 1
3
1
128
(b) Arc HK = mark KLO Arc or 1 7
7
22
2
360
180
14
7
22
2
360
90
u u u u u u
= mark 1 14 7
7
22
2
360
180
14
7
22
2
360
90
u u u u u u
= 58 ( 1 mark )
15. (a) Copy and complete the following table 2 of values for y = - 2x
2
+ 4x + 7
T I P S
(ii) marks 2
30
4655
= 155.17 ( 1 mark )
14. In diagram below, OHKM is a quadrant with the centre O and OMKL is a
semicircle with the centre M.
Given that OH= 14 cm. Using
7
22
, calculate
(a) the area, in cm
2
, of the shaded region
(b) the perimeter, in cm, of the whole diagram.
( 7 marks ) K
60
0
O
H
L
M
N
Answer:
(a) Area of sector OHK = mark 1 14 14
7
22
360
90
u u u
Area of sector ONM = mark 1 7 7
7
22
360
60
u u u
u u u 14 14
7
22
360
90
mark 1 7 7
7
22
360
60
u u u
= mark 1
3
1
128
(b) Arc HK = mark KLO Arc or 1 7
7
22
2
360
180
14
7
22
2
360
90
u u u u u u
= mark 1 14 7
7
22
2
360
180
14
7
22
2
360
90
u u u u u u
= 58 ( 1 mark )
15. (a) Copy and complete the following table 2 of values for y = - 2x
2
+ 4x + 7
T I P S
(ii) marks 2
30
4655
= 155.17 ( 1 mark )
14. In diagram below, OHKM is a quadrant with the centre O and OMKL is a
semicircle with the centre M.
Given that OH= 14 cm. Using
7
22
, calculate
(a) the area, in cm
2
, of the shaded region
(b) the perimeter, in cm, of the whole diagram.
( 7 marks ) K
60
0
O
H
L
M
N
Answer:
(a) Area of sector OHK = mark 1 14 14
7
22
360
90
u u u
Area of sector ONM = mark 1 7 7
7
22
360
60
u u u
u u u 14 14
7
22
360
90
mark 1 7 7
7
22
360
60
u u u
= mark 1
3
1
128
(b) Arc HK = mark KLO Arc or 1 7
7
22
2
360
180
14
7
22
2
360
90
u u u u u u
= mark 1 14 7
7
22
2
360
180
14
7
22
2
360
90
u u u u u u
= 58 ( 1 mark )
15. (a) Copy and complete the following table 2 of values for y = - 2x
2
+ 4x + 7
x - 3 - 2.5 - 1.5 - 1 0 1 2 3 4
y - 23 - 3.5 1 7 9 7 - 9
Table 2 ( 2 marks )
(b) Using a scale of 2 cm to represent 1 unit on the x-axis and 2 cm to
Represent 5 units on the y-axis, Draw the graph of y = - 2x
2
+ 4x + 7
for . 4 3 d d x
(3 marks)
(c) Draw a suitable straight line on the graph to find the values of x where
which satisfy the equation 2 x 2x . 4 3 d d x
2
= 0 .
State these values of x.
(4 marks)
(d) On the same axes, draw the graph of 3y = - 7x + 21 and y = - 2 .
Hence, shade the region defined by the following inequalities:
. 2 21 7 3 , 0 ! d t y dan x y x
(3 marks)
Answer :
(a)
x - 2.5 3
y - 15.5 1
(2 marks)
(b) Draw a graph (3 marks)
(c) 2 x 2x
2
= 0 .
- 2x
2
x + 5x + 2 + 5 = 0 + 5x + 5
y = 5x + 5 (1 mark)
In this case, the suitable straight line that should
be drawn is y = 5x + 5 (1 mark)
From the graph, x = .., x = . (2 marks)
(d) (3 marks)