HW 4

Deformation of a body is given by:

2
1 1 1 1 2
2 x X X X X + +
2
2 2 2
x X X +
3 3
x X
for
1 2
0, 0. X X
a)
2
1 1 1 1 1 2
2 u x X X X X +
2
2 2 2 2
u x X X
3 3 3
0 u x X
b) Eulerian description of displacement vector

3 3 3 3 3
0 u x X x x
from :
2
2 2 2
0 X X x +
solving for
2
X
, we have:
2 2
1 1
1 4 .
2 2
X x t +
From and ;
2
0, x
so that to make
2
0 X
we must have:
2 2
1 1
1 4 .
2 2
X x + +
Substituting eq into eq , we have
2 2 2 2 2
1 1
1 4
2 2
u x X x x + +
from :
( )
2
1 2 1 1
2 1 0 X X X x + +
solving for
1
X
, we have:
( ) ( )
2
2 2 1
1
1 1 8
4
X X x
X
+ t + +

From and ,
1
0, x
and
2
0 X
so that to make
1
0 X
we must have:
( ) ( )
2
2 2 1
1
1 1 8
4
X X x
X
+ + + +

Substituting eq into eq , we have

2
1 1 2 2 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 4 1 4 8
8 4 2 2 8
u x x x x
| `
+ + + + + +

. ,
c) Deformation gradient tensor F
1 2 1
2
1 4 0
0 1 2 0
0 0 1
ij
X X X
F X
+ + ]
]
] +
]
]
]
]
d) At point P(1,0,0), the deformation gradient tensor is:
( ) ( )
( )
1 4 1 0 1 0
| 0 1 2 0 0
0 0 1
5 1 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
ij P
F
+ + ]
]
] +
] ]
]
]
]
]

]
]
]
A vector parallel to the vector ( ) 1/ 3, 0, 0 b
passing through point P is deformed into a
vector that is parallel to vector ' b , where
5 1 0 1/ 3 5 / 3
' 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0
b
]

]

' ' ' '
]

]
]
e) The stretch from vector b to vector ' b is
( )
( )
2
2
5 / 3 '
5
1/ 3
b
b

HW 5
Deformation of a body is given by:
1 1 2
x X tX +
2 2
x X
3 3
x X
Where

is a constant and t is time. At time t = 1:

a)
1 1 2
x X X +
Deformation gradient tensor
F
:
1 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
ij
F
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
So, this deformation is homogeneous.
Right Cauchy Green Deformation Tensor
C
:
2
1 0 0 1 0 1 0
1 0 0 1 0 1 0
0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
T
C F F


] ] ]
] ] ]
+
] ] ]
] ] ]
] ] ]
b) Original configuration of the body at t = 0:
Because the deformation is homogeneous, the deformation gradient tensors at point
A, B, and D at time t = 1 are equal, which is given by .
At t = 1, vector a and c will be deformed into vector ' a and ' c , respectively, where
1 0 0
' ' 0 1 0 1 1
0 0 1 0 0
a c
]

]

' ' ' '
]

]
]
and vector b and d will be deformed into vector ' b and ' d , respectively, where
1 0 1 1
' ' 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0
b d b d
]

]

' ' ' '
]

]
]
Particle at ( )
1 2 3
0, 0, 0 A X X X
will move to
1 2 3
'( , , ) A x x x
, where
( ) ( )
1
0 0 0 x +
2
0 x
3
0 x
or, particle at A doesnt move.
Particle at ( )
1 2 3
1, 0, 0 D X X X
will move to
1 2 3
'( , , ) D x x x
, where
( ) ( )
1
1 0 1 x +
2
0 x
3
0 x
or, particle at D doesnt move.
Particle at ( )
1 2 3
0, 1, 0 B X X X
will move to
1 2 3
'( , , ) B x x x
, where
( ) ( )
1
0 1 x +
2
1 x
3
0 x
Particle at ( )
1 2 3
1, 1, 0 C X X X
will move to
1 2 3
'( , , ) C x x x
, where
( ) ( )
1
1 1 1 x + +
2
1 x
3
0 x
So, the deformed body will look like this (for
0 >
):
The length of vector
' a
(or edge AB) and
' c
(or edge DC)
( )
2
2 2
0 1 0 0
1 1 0 1
0 0 0 1 0
0
1 1 1
0 0
T
T
a c a C a

]

]
+
' ' ' '
]

]
]


+ +
' ' ' '


So,
' a
=
' c
=
a
2
1 +
The length of vector
' b
(or edge BC) and
' d
(or edge AD)
Because ' ' b d b d , so
' ' b d b d
= 1.
The angle between the edges after deformation

( )
( ) ( )
2
2
2
0 1 0 1
1
cos , 1 1 0 0
1
0 0 0 1 0
1
T
a C d
a d
a d

| `
]


]
+
' ' ' '
]
+

]
]
. ,

+
so,
1
2
cos
1

| `


+
. ,
.
c) Displacement in Lagrangian description:
1 1 1 2
x X tX
2 2 2
0 x X
3 3 3
0 x X
velocity u in Lagrangian description:
1 1 2
u X &
2 2
0 u &
3 3
0 u &
Displacement in Eulerian description:
1 2
tx
2
0
3
0
velocity u in Eulerian description:
1 1 2
u x &
2 2
0 u &
3 3
0 u &
d) Green/Lagrange Strain Tensor

at t = 1:
( )
2 2
0 0 0 / 2 0
1 1
0 / 2 / 2 0
2 2
0 0 0 0 0 0
C I


] ]
] ]

] ]
] ]
] ]
Almansi/Eulerian Strain Tensor

at t = 1:
( )
( )
1 1
1
2
T
I F F


where at t = 1
1
1 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
F

]
]

]
]
]
so
( )
( )
1 1
2
2
1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
1 1
0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
2 2
0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
1 0 0 1 0
1
0 1 0 1 0
2
0 0 1 0 0 1
0 0
1
0
2
0 0 0
T
I F F

] ] ]

] ] ]

' '
] ] ]

] ] ]
] ] ]
] ]

] ]
+
' '
] ]

] ]
] ]
]
]

]
]
]
e) Because for every 0 t ,
det( ) 1 F
, this deformation can be considered for all real
values of

.
Infinitesimal strain tensor.
0 / 2 0
1
/ 2 0 0
2
0 0 0
j
i
ij
j i
u
u
X X

]
| `

]
+

]

. ,
]
]
Infinitesimal rotation tensor:
0 / 2 0
1
/ 2 0 0
2
0 0 0
j
i
ij
j i
u
u
X X

]
| `

]


]

. ,
]
]
Nyoman Pande
23608301