Horizontal And Vertical Extension of RCC Buildings Ferrocement Technology INTRODUCTION Slide 1 times extension of building is required to be INTRODUCTION

N Many carried out Generally vertical extension of building are carried out Sometimes horizontal extension of building are also required to be carried out. But it has limitation many times since horizontal space may not be available. Extension of building is a nuisance to the occupants due to construction activity like stacking of materials, construction traffic and man-power movements and site offices etc. With the advent of precast Ferrocement Technolgy, extension activity at site reduces by 50% since precast works are carried out away from the site. self-weight material,

Ferrocement being low

horizontal and vertical extensions are most carried out conveniently. Horizontal extension with Ferrocement is carried out with cantilever upto 1.5 mtrs. columns. This is not feasible with R.C.C. without use of

FERROCEMENT HORIZONTAL EXTENSION

Hollow cantilever beams about 1.5 mtrs. long with ferrocement 2.5 cm thick on sides and bottoms are manufactured on machinery set up.

The reinforcement for beams are incorporated in the ferrocement on sides and bottoms which acts as formwork.

The indigenous anchors as per reinforcement spacing of beams are provided at floor level at joints of columns and beams of building.

To this anchors cantilever hollow beams are welded and attached to the building.

In this hollow plane vibrated concrete is poured and the beam is ready

There are no props nor any formwork. Similarly hollow ferrocement edge beam is

manufactured on machinery set up under controlled conditions with flexure and shear reinforcement, is connected to the end of cantilever beams. Plain vibrated concrete is placed in the hollow and the beam is ready. There is no formwork nor any props to beams since it is strong enough to take construction load Ferrocement floor slab panels manufactured on to building and

machinery set up are connected

beams by welding and wiremesh lapping and matrix applications.

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The horizontal

floor is ready to carry out

other

works like walls,window, door, floor finishing etc

Photo 1 Ferrocement hollow beams, cantilever as well as edge beam . Bottom of beams is concreted on machinery set up.

Photo 2 -

Ferrocement slab panels 4 cm thk. connected to building and beams

Photo 3 -

Extension of room by about 1.00 mtr. with Ferrocement beams & slabs

FERROCEMENT VERTICAL EXTENSION

Ferrocement Vertical Extension scores over

RCC

vertical extension since it has much low self-weight than RCC Vertical extension one or two floors can be carried out with ferrocement since generally there is reserved strength in the column of existing RCC building. Otherwise Ferrocement columns, which are much smaller than RCC duly connected to the building at floor levels at joints of beams and columns are provided. Method of construction of beams shall be on same lines as for horizontal extension except that anchor arrangement is not necessary. Box columns with ferroceent on periphery with most reinforcement incorporated machinery set up These boxes are anchored to the columns below with more reinforcement provided, if necessary and in situ vibrated concrete placed in the hollow. The column is ready. Ferrocement grid beams of size of 5 to 15 cms to 10 to 25 cms are connected to main beam. On these and main beams slab panels are duly connected with is manufactured on

welding and wire mesh lapping and ferroceent joint matrix application. The floor is ready
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Further construction is most convenient in two/three days time since the area below is clear of props and no shuttering which is provided with conventional method.

FEATURES AND ADVANTAGES

Ferrocement eliminates use of conventional formwork since surface of columns and beams with reinforcement incorporated is thin ferrocement about 2.5 3 cms thk.

In the absence

of formwork

stripping operations

providing floors, walls, door, windows work can be started soon. There is no activity of reinforcement placing at site for columns, beams and slabs There is no plaster application on ferrocement surfaces. Ferroecment construction saves time of construction by 20% and cost by about 15%
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Ferrocement plated RCC member is systematically fiber reinforced at surfaces. Thus there will be no fiber in the core body of plane concrete. There will be saving in consumption of fibers.

WHAT IS FERROCEMNT

Thin section material consists of cement, wiremesh, light structural steel, admixtures, fibers etc. with low water cement ratio of around 0.35

Prevents crack formation upto isotropic stage and further of width of microns with minimal depth Isotropic material upto about 40% of yield and design strength upto near to yield value.

Crack formation being in microns

and of low

depthautogenous healing is fast and efficient. Prevents carbonation Efficient waterproof material Faces earthquake, cyclones and all disasters efficiently Durable material with least maintenance for decades

FERROCEMENT IS A DURABLE MATERIAL

Photo 4 This Ferro-cement boat constructed in 1887 was observed to be serviceable in 1967. At present it is in the lounge of a Cement Industry, Amsterdam (Courtesy Prof. Antoine E. Naaman, Michigan University)

Photo 5 A large barge constructed decades before in China (Courtesy Prof. Antoine E. Naaman, Michigan University)

FERROCEMENT IS CRACK-RESISTANT MATERIAL

The graph shows crack width of very low value in a Ferrocement water storage tank.(Courtesy Prof.Antoine E. Naaman, Michigan University)

The graph shows Ferrocement is isotopic upto about 40% yield. It shows no collapse for large strains and very small crack width perhaps to trap water by surface tension. (Courtesy Prof. Antoine E. Naaman, Michigan University)

FERROCEMENT IS EARTH-QUAKE RESISTANT MATERIAL

Photo 6 A Ferrocement Auditorium of capacity 250 constructed around 1997 in Oascaco Mexico having dia. 24 mtrs. and ht. 12 mtrs. resisted earthquake of Richter scale 7.2 and 7.4, 1998 and remain untouched (Courtesy Prof. Antoine E. Naaman, Michigan University)

FERROCEMENT IS A FIRE RESISTANT MATERIAL

Photo 7 Qualitative test by UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organis- ation) in about 1972 showed that the damage due to fire on a Ferrocement boat was negligible.

FERROCEMENT IS A CORROSION RESISTANT MATERIAL

Photo 8 Most hard skin of the roof panel cast in the year 2000, could not be removed by chiseling. Had to be removed by Cutting wheel carefully not to damage the wiremesh. Most superficial line mapping on pouring of water on the surface - disappearing within a minute or so.

Photo 9 Closer view wiremesh reinforcement showing no corrosion of wires but nominal brown colouration indicating no corrosion for future.

Photo 10

Initial corrosion of reinforcement in RCC takes place due to reaction with residue water used for mixing concrete for placing. This is not due to any water or moisture from outside. In due course of time, crack formation takes place in the cover and travels to the surface. Water, moisture, gases etc. enter into cracks, and reach the reinforcement and corrodes steel more and travel along the reinforcement and deterioration starts. If column is treated with ferrocement wrapping then such cracks and deterioration stops. With any conventional method like polymers, cracks reappear and corrosion phenomena is resumed.