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Sdertlje (SWEDEN)
Steyr (AUSTRIA)
Istanbul (TURKEY)
Dunton (UK)
Regensburg (GERMANY)
Graz (AUSTRIA)
Budapest (HUNGARY)
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AVL Turkey
Founded in August 2008 Based in Tax-free Techno Park in Gebze near Istanbul (40km) Team of 16 electronics and mechanical engineers Serves Turkish industry both in engineering and test systems
SW & Electronics
Algorithm Dev. Function Dev. Software Dev. MIL/HIL Testing
Calibration
Emissions Aftertreatment Driveability
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Electrification
Hybrid Vehicles E-Drives Batteries
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AVL List GmbH AVL reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. AVL reserves all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties
Test Systems
Project Management Service & Maintenance
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83,3 kBaud
Conventional Wiring
Source: Maybach
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AVL List GmbH
AVL reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. AVL reserves all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties
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Ignition / Injection calculation Compensate for component aging and tolerances adaptation algorithms Interface to Powertrain TMS, ESP, ABS, Cluster, Immobilizer, . CO2 reduction measures Stop&Start, Battery management, .. Auxiliary functions A/C, heater control, cooling fan, .. Vehicle safety, monitoring
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CORE
Digital Interface Monitoring Unit
SPI
Canister Purge Solenoid Variable Intake Manifold Main Relay Control Waste gate Malfunction Indication Lamp Fuel Pressure Actuator Piezo DI Injectors Solenoid DI Injectors External Ignition Drivers (TTL) Internal Ignition Stage Throttle Turbo EGR BOSCH LSU 4.9 NGK ZFAS U1/2 Solenoid Injector
SPI
FlexRay Controller
SPI
Ignition Driver
SPI
H-Bridges
CAN
SRAM
SPI
Linear Lambda
(DEKA 7)
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150 I/O (154 pin connector is standard, 196 pins for high-end) 700 system functions 10.000 A4 pages of specification 350.000 lines of code 20.000 parameters (~250 kbyte) 25% of customer object code (increasing) Complex and fast real-time behavior Software accounts for 50-70% of ECU development costs. Software & Electronics account for ~40% of vehicle cost with 13% of that coming from software alone.
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AVL List GmbH AVL reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. AVL reserves all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties
60%
Tasks distribution
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
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EMS Hardware Architecture Overview, Block diagram Digital Core Inputs, Outputs Monitoring Unit EMS Software Architecture Infrastructure Layer Application Layer
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Inputs (sensors & signal acquisition) Outputs (actuators, power stages) Monitoring Unit
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Engine Management System Main Hardware Blocks Microcontroller State-of-the-Art Microcontrollers are 32-bit Typical performance values (e.g. Infineon TC1796):
32-bit CPU Single precision FPU 2 MB Embedded Flash 144 kB internal RAM 32-bit Peripheral Control Processor Up to 129 digital I/O pins 36 + 4 analog input pins 4 x V2.0B CAN Controller 150 MHz@ -40 125 C
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AVL List GmbH AVL reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. AVL reserves all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties
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Programmed at manufacturing and changed during program execution Contents retained after power down
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Diagnostic Services
Combustion Engine
Engine Exhaust
Transmission
Electrical Machine
Electrical Store
Alternative Energy
System interfaces
Safety Monitoring
Integration Platform AUTOSAR RTE or customer specific Basic Software Electronic Control Unit Combustion Engine Engine Exhaust System Transmission Electric Machine Hybrid Vehicle System
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Model-Based Development Process Factors Influencing SW Quality (bunu gostermeye gerek yok bence)
SW Quality
Process Quality
Project Quality
Run Selection
Data Selection
Result view
PEOPLE
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AVL List GmbH AVL reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. AVL reserves all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties
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Requirement engineering
Testing / HIL
(Auto-) Coding
SOFTWARE
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Phase-Based-View
Methods
Configuration Management
Change Management
Requirement s Engineering
Project Management
Coding Guidelines
Project Management
Quality Assurance
AUTOSAR
Simulation
Release Management
Tools
AVL PoET
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AVL List GmbH AVL reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. AVL reserves all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties
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Modeling
Matlab / Simulink Requirements TargetLink
Code Generation
SW Build
.o .s19 .hex
Ascet SE
Ascet MD Physical model (Floating-point) Implementation model (Fixed-point)
.c
File
SW Build
Make, Perl,
.a2l .odx
Tools Compiler,
Project Config.
Compiler Options
MKS source
MKS Integrity
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Rapid Prototyping
PC
Integration test
PC
Target HW
Debugger
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Test Automation
Developer PC
Plant Model
ASCET, SIMULINK
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AVL List GmbH AVL reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. AVL reserves all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties
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Test Automation
Developer PC
Plant Model
ASCET, SIMULINK
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AVL List GmbH AVL reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. AVL reserves all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties
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Target ECU Test Bench PC Wiring harness Calibration Link HiL Interface HiL Test Bench
Test
Automation Calibration System INCA, CalDesk HiL System Control Operator, Control Desk
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AVL List GmbH
Plant Model
running in real time
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AVL reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. AVL reserves all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties
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Engines are nonlinear systems with multiple inputs and outputs Mean value models represent system behaviour over a cycle and are used for controls & software development
1 Wie (k ) = o 180
k 180
ie
( )d
( k 1)180 i =1
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1 Wie (k ) = 180o
ie
( )d
( k 1)180 i =1
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Tw Pi Ti Wi P m V
Q Po To T Wo
Work
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. m p,T
Engine Model comprises: ECU + sensors & actuators + engine + exhaust aftertreatment Semi-empirical engine model embedded in plant model.
Model ECU
p,T
Engine model is mainly 0dimensional with volumes, restrictions and special components (e.g. combustion, turbine, catalyst). Resulting in states and fluxes in software platform (Matlab/Simulink).
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Controlalgorithm
TargetLink
SiL tests
MoBEO
Selected Production SW Applications at AVL: DPF / Air Path Control & Diagnosis Software DOC / SCR Diagnosis Software
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AVL List GmbH AVL reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. AVL reserves all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties
(c) AVL / DGE 2006 RTI Data CAN Co ntrol ler Setu p [DCU_ st_m]
DC U_st_m Com _dmActPSCR Ctl1 ENG_nrpm _m AMB_m f kgps_m SCR _tcU p_m SCR _tcDwn_m INJ_mgpi_m EXH _phScrU p_m swDosingC ameo swC am eoOption AB_mf m gpsCameoD em AB_alphaCameoD em SC R_rppm NH 3Dwn CEB_rppm NoxEo EXH _m f kgps_m DC U_st AB_m f mgps_m INJ_mf m gpi_m AB_mf m gpsAdapt AdBlue ENG_nrpm _m AMB_mf kgps EXH_phScrUp_m
DCU_st_m [AB_mfmgp s_m] ENG_nrpm_m [AMB_ mfkgps_m] [SCR_ tcUp _m] [SCR_tcDwn_m] [INJ_mfmg pi_m] [EXH_ phScrUp_m] swDosi ngCame o swCameo Optio n AB_mfmg psCameoDem AB_a lpha CameoDem SCR_rp pmNH3Dwn CEB_rppmNoxEo [EXH_mfkg ps_ m] [SCR_rppmNoxUp_ m] [SCR_rNoxDwn_m] [EXH_mfkgps_m] [EXH_ph ScrUp_m] [SCR_ rppmNH3Dwn] [SCR_tcUp_m] [SCR_tcDwn_m] [AB_mfmgps_m] -K[AB_mfmgps_m] [INJ_mfmgpi _m] [ENG_nrpm_m] [AMB_mfkgp s_m]
SCR _rN H3Dwn SCR _tcU p_m SCR _tcD wn_m AB_m f mgps_m SMF_rN H3 SCR _rppm NoxUp_m SCR _rN oxDwn_m EXH_m f kgps
Input MPE: DCU \ Gene ral Para meter \ NGK Sonde NGK_sw -CEnable SCR _rN oxUp_m SCR_rppmN oxUp_m SCR _rNoxD wn_m SCR_rppmNoxD wn_m SCR _rNoxEO_m SCR_rppmNoxEO_m NGK_st
SCR Strategy op en SCR Li brary SCR_rppmNoxUp_ m Goto18 pmNoxDwn_m SCR_rp Goto19 SCR_rppmNoxEO_m NGK_st Goto15 Goto2 0 open DCU.mat with MPE
[ENG_nrpm_m]
EN G_nrpm _m
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Powertrain Controls and Software Development Typical Common Rail Diesel System
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AIR
BOOST EGR
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Torque
Error
Speed
Precontrol
Setpoint
PID Controller
System Dynamics
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Powertrain Controls and Software Development Controls Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)
A certain amount of exhaust gas is recirculated back into the inlet manifold to improve NOx emissions EGR system could be high pressure or low pressure In modern diesel engines, EGR is controlled via EGR valve, and throttle valve.
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Pre-control
Setpoint
Controller
Setpoint
Controller
EGR Valve
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Turbine: rotates with power from exhaust gas Compressor: connected to same axis with turbine & compresses air into cylinders
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at high RPM
at low RPM
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Pre-control
Pre-control
MAP Setpoint
Controller
Setpoint
Controller
Engine Dynamics
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Powertrain Controls and Software Development Controls Air Path (EGR & Boost)
In most applications, EGR & Boost loops are assumed to be decoupled and, as such, controlled separately as shown previously In reality, however, there is strong interaction between these two loops Multi-Input / Multi-Output (MIMO) controllers might give improved results !
Air-Path
EGR Controller
Ref
+
VGT
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