cng n tp ting anh 11 (A draff of review english 11) Unit 1: The infinitive ( ng t nguyn mu) 1.Infinitive with to.

(T nguyn mu c to) a/ V + to V ex: He agreed to do this work. They promised to come back to pick up me. He afforded to buy this quite house. Some popular verbs: agree, offer, decide, appear, forget, seem, learn, manage, hope, promise, fail, arrange... b/ V + O + to V Ex: My father taught me how to use this computer. She reminds us to do homework . Some popular verbs: remind, force, enable, persuade, order, warn, invite, teach, get........ c/ What/ how/ where/ when... + to V Ex: I dont know where to go. Im homeless. Do you remember what to do? Some popular verbs: forget, explain, understand, decide, ask... d/ Some special verbs: Sau Want, mean, intend, ask, expect, help, would like, would prefer ta dng c 2 cu trc V + to V v V + O + to V. Ex: They asked me to turn back his book. She asked to use this machine. 2. Infinitive without to. (ng t nguyn th khng c to) a/ After Model verbs: can could may + V might would should maybe Ex: I can sing well. You should go now. b/ After Make & Let: Make, Let + O + V

Ex: This story makes me feel happy. Why do you let him go away? Unit 2: Tenses Revision (Xem li trong v hc) Unit 3 & 4. Infinitive and Gerund. (ng t nguyn mu v Danh ng t) 1.Infinitive. (Unit 1) Addition: a/ After be + adj: be glad, be happy, be kind... Ex: It is nice to meet you. You are kind to carry this heavy suitcase for me. b/ After be + enough/ too Ex: She is too lazy to become a good student. 2. Gerund: a/ Subject.(Danh ng t lm ch ng) Ex: Going shopping is my hobby. b/ After enjoy/ like/ love/ avoid/ delay/ deny/ finish/ mind/ miss/ practise/ prevent/ postpone/ risk/ forgive/ admit/ consider... Ex: The little girl denied breaking the vase. c/ After some Phrases/ Forms( Sau cc cm t/ Cu trc): cant bear, cant stand, cant face, cant help, feel like, Its no good, Its no use... Ex: I cant help laughing whenever he tells a joke.(Ti ko th
nhn c ci mi khi anh ta k truyn hi)

d/ After preposotion (Sau cc Gii t) Look forward to Insist on Be surprised at Be interested in + V-ing Be busy with Think of/ about Be afraid of Ex: We are thinking about going camping in the mountain. 3. To V or V-ing after Remember/ stop/ forget/ regret/ try.(Xem li trong v hc) Unit 5 & 6. Reported speech with Infinitive and Gerund. (Cu tng thut vi ng t nguyn mu v Danh ng t) 1. With Infinitive: a/ Reported orders and requests:

- Structure: S + told/ asked/ ordered/ talked...+ O +

(not) to V Ex: Dont talk in the class the teacher said =The teacher told us not to talk in the class. Ex: Remmenber to finish your homework before going out His father said. =His father ordered him to remmenber to finish his homework before going out. b/ Reported offers and suggetions: - Structure: S + advise/ warn/ agree/ invite/ decide/ hope...+ O + (not) to V Ex: My mother said You should study harder = My mother advised to study harder. Ex: The boy said I will help you = The boy promised to help me. 2. With Gerund: Gerund c dng sau mt s cm T/ T+ GT khi tng thut: Accused...of thanks...for apologize for warn...against congratulate...on think of dream of admit insist ...on deny prevent...from suggest Ex: You took some of my money He said = He accused me of taking some of his money Ex: It is nice of you to listen to my presentation. Thankyou. She said = She thanked us for listening to her presentation. Unit 7: Conditional types 1, 2, 3 Conditional in Reported Speech 1. Cond types 1, 2, 3. Type IF- clause 1. Future or Present S + V/ V(es/s) possible.(Hnh ng c th xy ra hin ti hoc tng lai) MAIN- clause S + will/ shall/ can/ may...+V

2. Present unreal. S + Ved (Khng c tht hin ti) 3. Past unreal. S + had + VpII (Khng c tht trong qu kh)

S + would/ should/ could/ might...+ V S + would/ could/ should/ might...have + VpII

2. Cond. in Reported Speech. a. Type 1.

Ex: If it rains, I will stay at home to read book The boy said = The boy said that if it rained, he would stay at home to read book. Ex: If I catch the train, I will return home early Mary said = Mary said that if She caught the train, she would return home early. Nghin cu nhng v d trn ta nhn thy: Cu K loi 1 khi chuyn sang cu tng thut tun th theo Quy tc li mt th nh trong cc cu tng thut khc. b. Types 2, 3. Ex: She said If I were you, I would attend the class = She said if she were me, she would attend the class. Ex: If he had come, we would have had a good time They said = They said that if he had come, they would have had a good time. Qua cc v d trn ta thy: Khi chuyn cu K loi 2 v loi 3 sang cu tng thut ta vn gi nguyn th, khng thay i. Unit 8: Pronouns: One(s), someone, anyone, no one, everyone. Unit 9: Defining and Non defining Relative Clauses Who: thay th DT ch ngi lm Ch ng. Whom: thay th DT ch ngi lm Tn ng. Whose: thay th Tnh t S hu. Which: thay th DT ch vt, con vt. Where: thay th DT ch ni chn. When: thay th DT ch thi gian. that: thay th cc TQH trn.( ko dng trong MQHKX v MQH c gii t)

Defining Relative Clauses Ex: The women who worked here last month has gone away. Mnh who worked here last month l MQHX v n xc nh ngha cho DT the women. Ta khng th b M ny trong cu

Non Defining Relative Clauses Ex: Peter, who is a soft man, is interested in stamp collection. M who is a soft man l MQH khng X v n ch b xung thng tin cho DT Peter. Ta c th b M ny i. DT c X bi : -DT ring - Dng TTSH : my, her - Dng i t ch nh : this, that, those. MQHKX ng gia 2 du phy. DT khngX DT X

Note:

MQHXD MQH Khng X

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Unit 10: Relative pronouns with prepositions. (i t quan h c gii t) a/ t GT trc TQH hoc sau T chnh Ex : The man to whom you talked yesterday is my uncle. The man whom you talked to yesterday is my uncle. b/ C th b TQH v a GT v sau T chnh Ex : The man you talked to yesterday is my uncle. c/ Ch : - GT ng trc TQH thng c ta s dng nhiu hn c. - Ta khng s dng TQH who, that, where, when, why sau cc GT - Some examples: I will introduce you to the man with whom I share a flat. She found the letter for which I was looking. The song to which we listened lastnight was exciting. Unit 11: R.C replaced by Participles and To-infinitive. (MQH c thay th bi Phn t v T nguyn th c TO)

1. By Participles. a/ By Present Participles.(Bi Hin ti phn t V-ing). Khi T trong MQH ch h dang xy ra ti thi im ni. Ex : The man who is talking to the headmaster is our form teacher. = The man talking to the headmaster is our form teacher. Khi T ca MQH din t cng vic hng ngy. Ex : I work in this farm which has a lot of flowers. = I work in this farm having a lot of flowers. Khi T ca MQH th ch ng. Ex : Do you know the woman who made a very interesting speech lastnight ? = Do you know the woman making a very interesting speech lastnight? b/ By Past participles. (Bi Qu kh phn t VpII) . Khi T ca MQH th b ng. Ex: The work The Old man and the sea which was written by Hemingway is really interesting. = The work The Old man and the sea written by Hemingway is really interesting. 2. By To-infinitive. a/ Form: S + V + O + R.C = S + V + O + to V/ for sb to V Ex: The student who was interviewed this morning is my close friend. = The student to be interviewed this morning is my close friend. Ex: We have a lot of books which you can read when you are free. = We have a lot of books for you to read when you are free. b/ Form: This is the first/ second...last + N + R.C = This is the first/ second...last + N + to V. Ex: This is the first foreigner who teaches us English in our school. = This is the first foreigner to teach us English in our school.

Unit 12 : Omission of Relative Pronouns.(Lc b TQH) 1. As Subject. ( TQH l ch ng) Cc TQH ng vai tr l Ch ng trong cu, ta ko lc b TQH . Ex: The picture which took the first prize was of mine. S V Ex: I dont like people who talk a lot. S V 2. As Object. ( TQH l Tn ng) Khi cc TQH l tn ng trong cu, ta c php lc b chng. Ex : Are there the books which you bought yesterday ? = Are there the books you bought yesterday? Ex: The dress which Ann designed didnt fit her. = The dress Ann designed didnt fit her. Unit 13: Cleft Sentences. 1.Subject focus: It be + subject + that/ who/ which + V ex: It is my mother who loves us most. It was her best friend that helped her to get over. It was Tom cat which caught Jerry mouse. 2. Object focus: It be + object + that + S + V ex: It is my mother that I love most. It was this diamond ring that my boyfriend gave me. 3. Adverbial focus: It be + adv + that + S + V + O ex: It was on the last Valentines day that my boyfriend gave me this diamond ring. It is in that house that I was born. Unit 14: Conjunctions. 1. Cc cm both...and/ not only....but also/ either...or/ neither.....nor dng ni 2 t ng loi vi nhau. Both....and: Va.....va. ex: That man is both musicial and singer. Both you and I have to go to school every morning.

Khng nhng ....m cn ex: Your computer is not only cheap but also nice. This perfume is not only for man but also for woman. Either.....or : Hoc.....hoc ex: Either you learn or you go away. Tomorrow it is either sunny or rainy. Neither .....nor : Khng......m cng khng ex: He neither looks me nor says any words. He cries. Neither going to school nor staying at home all day makes her happy. Notes: ng t chia theo Ch ng ng gn n. ex: Neither Tom nor I am wrong Khi Neither ng mt mnh ta dch l khng v t chia theo Dt i sau Neither ex: Neither girl has a car. 2. Cleft sentences in passive. Form: It be + O/ adv + that/ who +...... +be VpII Ex: The girl saw a cat in the garden. active: It was in the garden that the girl saw a cat. passive: It was in the garden that a cat was seen by the girl. Unit 15: Could/ be able to & Tag questions. 1. Could/ be able to. a/ At present: Can/ is, are, am able to. c dng nh nhau. Trong vn ni ta hay dng can hn. ex: Can you play the video? b/ At past: Could/ was/ were able to. Could Din t mt kh nng mt ai c th lm c trong qu kh. Ex: My child could say some simple words when she was 12 months old. 2. Tag questions. (Xem li trong Was/ were able to Din t mt hnh ng mt ngi no phi xoay x, phi c gng ht sc lm c trong mt hon cnh c th. Ex: We were able to find some useful books in the big library. v hc)

Not only....but also:

Unit 16: It is said that......./ People say that......../ S be VpII to V.... 1. The Passive voice. (Xem li trong v hc) 2. Special structures: S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2 + O S: people, they, someone, no one.. = It be (v1) + VpII that S2 + V2 + O V1 : think, believe, know, expect... = S2 be (v1) + VpII + to V + O Ex: People say that he is an intelligent boy. = It is said that he is an intelligent boy. = He is said to be an intelligent boy. Ex: They believed that the president had come there. = It was believed that the president had come there. = The president was believed to have come there.