A

Origin language and Example(s) etymology Ancient Greek -/ Denotes an absence of Apathy, Analgia a-, an(a-/an-), without, not away from Latin Abduction abLatin (abd men), Of or relating to the abdomen, fat around the Abdomen abdomin(o)Abdomen belly cardiac, hydrophobiac, -ac, -acal pertaining to Greek (-akos) pharmacomaniacal acanthion, acanthocyte, Ancient Greek thorn or spine acanth(o)acanthoma, acanthulus (akantha), thorn Greek Of or relating to acoumeter, acoustician acous(io)(acoustikos), of or for hearing hearing Greek (akron), Acrocrany,acromegaly, extremity, topmost acr(o)highest or farthest point acroosteolysis, acroposthia Greek hearing paracusis -acusis (acoustikos), of or for hearing toward, in the direction dorsad -ad of increase, adherence, Latin Adduction admotion toward, very Ancient Greek , Of or relating to a Adenocarcinoma, adenology, aden(o)-, - (ad n, aden-), an gland adenotome, adenotyphus aden(i)acorn; a gland Of or relating to fat or Latin (adeps, adip-), fat Adipocyte adip(o)fatty tissue Of or relating to Latin adrenal artery adren(o)adrenal glands Greek , without -aemia (BrE) blood condition Anaemia blood air, gas Aerosinusitis aer(o)Greek , aesthesiosensation Anesthesia Greek (BrE) pertaining to Latin -alis abdominal -al Denoting a white or Latin albus, white Albino albpale color Meaning Prefix or suffix

alge(si)-algia alg(i)oallo-

ambi-

amnioamph-, amphiananaan(o) andr(o)angi(o)anisoankyl(o)-, ancyl(o)ante-

pain pain pain Denoting something as different, or as an addition Denoting something as positioned on both sides; Describing both of two Pertaining to the membranous fetal sac (amnion) on both sides not, without back, again, up anus pertaining to a man blood vessel Describing something as unequal

Greek Greek Greek Ancient Greek (allos), another, other Latin (ambi-, ambo), both, on both sides

Analgesic Myalgia Myalgia Alloantigen, allopathy

Ambidextrous

Greek Greek (amphi)

Amniocentesis Amphicrania, amphismela, amphomycin Analgesia Anaplasia Andrology, android Angiogram Anisotropic Ankylosis

antiapoarch(i,e,o)

Greek Greek Latin Greek , Greek Ancient Greek (an sos), unequal Ancient Greek Denoting something as (anklos), crooked, crooked or bent curved Describing something Latin ( nt ), before, in as positioned in front front of of another thing Describing something Ancient Greek as 'against' or 'opposed (anti), against to' another separated from, Ancient Greek derived from first, primitive Ancient Greek Of or pertaining to an (art ra), a wind-pipe, artery artery (used distinctly versus a vein) Of or pertaining to the Ancient Greek joints, limbs (arthros), a joint, limb joint Latin articulum

antepartum

Antibody, antipsychotic Apoptosis archinephron : first formed kidney Artery, Arteriole

arteri(o)-

arthr(o)articul(o)-

Arthritis Articulation

-ary -ase -asthenia atel(o) -ation atri(o)aur(i)aut(o)aux(o)axill-

pertaining to enzyme

weakness imperfect or incomplete development process Latin an atrium (esp. heart atrium) Of or pertaining to the Latin (auris), the ear ear self Greek increase; growth Of or pertaining to the armpit [uncommon as Latin (axilla), armpit a prefix] nitrogenous compound

Latin -arius Greek division Greek,

bilary tract , Lactase Myasthenia gravis atelocardia : imperfect development of the heart

atrioventricular Aural Autoimmune auxocardia : enlargement of the heart Axilla azothermia : raised temperature due to nitrogenous substances in blood

azo(to)

[edit] B
Prefix/suffix Meaning Of the glans penis or balanoglans clitoridis twice, double bilife biogerm or bud blast(o)Of or pertaining to the blephar(o)eyelid brachi(o)brachybradybronch(i)bucc(o)Origin language and etymology Example(s) Greek - balanos, acorn, Balanitis glans Latin Ancient Greek Biology Greek Blastomere Ancient Greek Blepharoplast (blpharon), eyelid Latin (brachium), from Ancient Of or relating to the arm Brachium Greek (brachi n), arm Indicating 'short' or less Ancient Greek (brachys), brachycephalic commonly 'little' short; little, shallow Indicating 'slow' Ancient Greek (bradys), slow Bradycardia Bronchiolitis bronchus obliterans Of or pertaining to the Latin (bucca), cheek Buccolabial cheek

burs(o)-

bursa

Latin

Bursitis

[edit] C
Prefix/suffix Meaning Of or pertaining to hair capillPertaining to the head (as capita whole) cancer carcin(o)Of or pertaining to the cardi(o)heart carp(o)cata-cele -centesis cephal(o)cerat(o)cerebell(o)cerebr(o)cervicchem(o)chir(o)-, cheir(o)chlor(o)chol(e)cholecyst(o)Of or pertaining to the wrist down, under pouching, hernia surgical puncture for aspiration Of or pertaining to the head (as a whole) Of or pertaining to the cornu; a horn Of or pertaining to the cerebellum Of or pertaining to the brain Of or pertaining to the neck, the cervix chemistry, drug Of or pertaining to the hand Denoting a green color Of or pertaining to bile Of or pertaining to the gallbladder Origin language and etymology Example(s) Latin (capillus), hair Capillus Latin (caput, capit-), the head Capitation

Greek (karkinos), crab Carcinoma Ancient Greek (karda), Cardiology heart Latin (carpus) < Ancient Greek (karps), wrist; NOTE: This Carpopedal root should not be confused with the mirror root carp(o)- meaning fruit. Greek (kata) Cataract Ancient Greek (k l ) Hydrocele Ancient Greek Ancient Greek the head Ancient Greek kerat-), a horn (kent sis) (kphal ), , - (kras, Amniocentesis Cephalalgy Ceratoid Cerebellum Cerebrology

Latin (cerebellum), little brain Latin (cerebrum), brain

Latin (cervix, cerv c-), neck, cervix Cervicodorsal Greek Ancient Greek , - (cheir, cheiro-), hand Ancient Greek (chloros), green, yellow-green Ancient Greek (chol ), bile Ancient Greek (chol kstis), gallbladder < (chol ), bile, gall + (kstis), bladder Chemotherapy Chiropractor Chlorophyll Cholaemia Cholecystectomy

chondr(i)o-

cartilage, gristle, granule, Ancient Greek granular

(chondros) Chondrocalcinosis

chrom(ato)- color -cidal, -cide killing, destroying Of or pertaining to the cilia, the eyelashes; cilieyelids Denoting something as circum'around' another on this side cisbreak clast with, together, in coassociation col-, colo-, colon colonoOf or pertaining to the colp(o)vagina with, together comagainst contra with, together corcor-, core-, Of or pertaining to eye's pupil coroOf or pertaining to the heart [Uncommon as a cordiprefix] Applied to processes and parts of the body cornudescribing them likened or similar to horns Of or pertaining to the cost(o)ribs Of or relating to the hip, coxhaunch, or hip-joint crani(o)-crine cry(o)cutanecyan(o)cyclBelonging or relating to the cranium to secrete cold skin Denotes a blue color circle, cycle

Ancient Greek Latin < Latin (cilium), eyelash; eyelid Latin (circum), around Latin (cis) Greek Latin

Hemachromatosis

Ciliary Circumcision

Colonoscopy Ancient Greek (klpos), bosom, womb; hollow, depth Latin Latin Latin Ancient Greek (kr ), girl, doll; pupil of the eye Latin (cor, cordi-), heart Colposcopy Contraindicate Corectomy Commotio cordis

Latin (corn ), horn

Latin (costa), rib Latin (coxa), hip Latin (cranium) < Ancient Greek (kr nion), the cranium, skull, bones enclosing the brain Greek Latin Ancient Greek , (kanos, kyneos), blue Greek (kuklos)

Costochondral Coxopodite Craniology Endocrine Cryoablation Subcutaneous Cyanopsia

cyph(o)cyst(o)-, cyst(i)cyt(o)-cyte

Denotes something as bent [uncommon as a prefix] Of or pertaining to the urinary bladder cell cell

Ancient Greek hunchback Ancient Greek bladder; cyst Greek Greek

(kphs), bent, (kstis),

Cyphosis Cystotomy Cytokine Leukocyte

D
Prefix/suffix dacryodactyl(o)dedentdermat(o)-, derm(o)-desis dextr(o)dididiadifdigitdisdors(o)-, dors(i)duodenodynam(o)-dynia dystear Of or pertaining to a finger, toe away from, cessation Of or pertaining to teeth Of or pertaining to the skin binding right, on the right side two apart, separation (same as Greek meaning) apart, separation Of or pertaining to the finger [rare as a root] separation, taking apart Of or pertaining to the back Meaning Origin language and etymology Greek Ancient Greek (dktylos), finger, toe Latin deLatin (dens, dentis), tooth Ancient Greek , - (drma, dmat-), skin, human skin Greek (desis) Latin dexter Greek Latin Ancient Greek (di), through, during, across Latin Latin (digitus), finger, toe Latin disLatin (dorsum), back Example(s)

Dactylology

Dentist Dermatology arthrodesis Dextrocardia

Diacetyl

Digit Dissection dorsal, Dorsocephalad

duodenum, twelve: upper part of the small intestine (twelve inches long Latin duodeni Duodenal atresia on average), connects to the stomach force, energy, power Greek (dunamis) pain Dysphagia, bad, difficult Greek dysphasia

[edit] E
Prefix/suffix -eal ecect(o)-ectasis -ectomy -emesis -emia encephal(o)endoenter(o)epiMeaning pertaining to out, away outer, outside expansion, dilation Denotes a surgical operation or removal of a body part. Resection, excision vomiting condition blood condition (AmE) Of or pertaining to the brain. Also see Cerebro. Denotes something as 'inside' or 'within' Of or pertaining to the intestine [Same as Greek meaning: on, upon] Of or pertaining to the pubic region, the loins Denotes a red color gullet (AmE) sensation (AmE) true, good, well, new out of, away from Denotes something as 'outside' another outside Origin language and etymology Latin Greek - (ek-) Greek Ancient Greek Ancient Greek (ectom ), excision Greek Greek , without blood Ancient Greek (enkphalos), the brain Ancient Greek (endo-), inside, internal Ancient Greek (nteron), intestine Ancient Greek - (epi), before, upon, on, outside, outside of Ancient Greek (epsion), the pubic area, loins; vulva Ancient Greek (erythros), red Greek Greek Greek Eukaryote Latin Ancient Greek Exoskeleton (exo-), outside of, external Latin Example(s)

Ectopic pregnancy Bronchiectasis Mastectomy Hematemesis Anemia Encephalogram Endocrinology, Endospore Gastroenterology Epistaxis, epicardium, episclera, epidural Episiotomy Erythrocyte

episi(o)erythr(o)-esophageal, esophago esthesioeuexexoextra-

[edit] F

Prefix/suffix faci(o)fibr(o) filli-form, iform front-

Meaning Of or pertaining to the face fiber fine, hair like Used to form adjectives indicating 'having the form of' Of or pertaining to the forehead

Origin language and etymology Latin (faci s), the face, countenance

Example(s) Facioplegic Fibroblast

Latin (forma), form, shape Latin (fr ns, front-), the forehead

Cuneiform Frontonasal

[edit] G
Prefix/suffix galact(o)gastr(o)Origin language and etymology milk Greek , Ancient Greek Of or pertaining to the (gast r), -, stomach, stomach belly (1) Denotes the sense Ancient Greek ('born in, from' (2) Denotes gen s) < (genthe sense 'of a certain kind' nein), to be born Formative, pertaining to Greek producing Of or pertaining to the Latin (gen ), knee knee Of or pertaining to the Latin (ging va), gum gums Ancient Greek Denoting a grey, bluish(glakos), grey, bluishgrey color grey Ancient Greek , Of or pertaining to the (gl ssa, gl tta), tongue tongue glucose Greek , sweet sugar Ancient Greek Of or pertaining to the jaw (gnthos), jaw knowledge Greek seed, semen; also, Ancient Greek reproductive Meaning Example(s) Galactorrhea Gastric bypass (1) Endogen; (2) Heterogenous Cardiogenic shock Genu valgum Gingivitis Glaucoma

-gen -genic genugingivglauc(o)gloss(o)-, glott(o)glucoglycognath(o)-gnosis gon(o)-

Glossology Glucocorticoid Glycolysis Gnathodynamometer diagnosis, prognosis Gonorrhea

-gram -graph

record or picture record or picture

process of recording -graphy gyn(aec)o- (BrE), woman gyn(ec)o- (AmE)

Greek Angiogram Ancient Greek (grapha), written, drawn, Electrocardiograph graphic interpretation Angiography Greek , Gynecomastia

[edit] H
Origin language and Example(s) etymology Classical Latin to wander in to wander in mind Hallucinosis hallucmind Latin (hma) < Ancient Hematology, older hemat-, haematoOf or pertaining to blood Greek , form Haematology (haem-, hem-) (haima, haimat-), blood Hematological Greek hema or hemo- blood (AmE) malignancy Ancient Greek - (h mione-half Cerebral hemisphere hemi), "half" Ancient Greek , Of or pertaining to the hepat- (hepatic-) - (h par, h pato-), Hepatology liver the liver Denotes something as 'the Ancient Greek Heterogeneous other' (of two), as an heter(o)(hteros), the other (of addition, or different two), another; different sweat Hyperhidrosis hidr(o)Greek tissue Histology hist(o)-, histioGreek Ancient Greek similar Homeopathy home(o)(homoios) Denotes something as 'the Ancient Greek same' as another or Homosexuality (homo-), the same, hom(o)common common Of or pertaining to the Incorrect Etymology < shoulder (or [rarely] the Humerus humer(o)Latin (umerus), shoulder upper arm) water Hydrophobe hydr(o)Greek Denotes something as Ancient Greek 'extreme' or 'beyond Hypertension hyper(hyper), over, above; normal' beyond, to the extreme Prefix/suffix Meaning

hyp(o)hyster(o)-

Denotes something as 'below normal' Of or pertaining to the womb, the uterus

Ancient Greek ( )(hypo-), below, under Ancient Greek (hystra), womb

Hypovolemia, Hysterectomy

[edit] I
Prefix/suffix -i-asis iatr(o)Origin language and etymology condition Greek Ancient Greek Of or pertaining to medicine, or a physician [uncommon as a prefix; (i trs), common as as suffix, see -iatry] healer, physician Ancient Greek Denotes a field in medicine of a certain (i trs), body component healer, physician pertaining to Greek (-ikos) small Latin Latin -ica < Greek < organized knowledge, treatment Meaning self, one's own ileum below between, among within iris Greek , idios, "one's own" Greek Latin Latin Latin Example(s) Mydriasis Iatrochemistry Podiatry, Psychiatry Hepatic artery Ovarian follicle

-iatry -ic -icle -ics idioileoinfrainterintrairid(o)ischio-ism -ismus iso-ist -ite -itis -ium

Idiopathic Ileocecal valve Infrahyoid muscles Interarticular ligament Intracranial hemorrhage Iridectomy Ischiorrhogic Dwarfism

Greek Ancient Greek Of or pertaining to the ischium, the hip(ischin), hip-joint, joint ischium condition, disease spasm, contraction Greek Ancient Greek Denoting something as being 'equal' (sos), equal one who specializes in Greek (-istes) the nature of, resembling Greek inflammation structure, tissue

Isotonic Pathologist Hermaphrodite Tonsillitis pericardium

isch-

Restriction

Greek

Ischemia

[edit] K
Prefix/suffix karyokerat(o)kin(e)-, kin(o), kinesi(o)koil(o)kyph(o)Meaning nucleus cornea (eye or skin) movement hollow humped Origin language and etymology Greek , "nut" Greek Greek Greek (koilos) Greek Example(s) Eukaryote Keratoscope Kinesthesia Koilocyte Kyphoscoliosis

[edit] L
Prefix/suffix labi(o)lacrim(o)Meaning Of or pertaining to the lip tear Origin language and etymology Latin (labium), lip Latin Latin Ancient Greek (lapr ), flank Ancient Greek , - (lrynx, laryng-), throat, gullet Latin Greek Greek Greek (leptos) Ancient Greek (leukos), white, bright Latin (lingua), tongue Greek Greek Greek Ancient Greek (logist s), studier, practitioner Example(s) Labiodental Lacrimal canaliculi Lactation Laparotomy Larynx Lateral pectoral nerve Leiomyoma Epilepsy, narcolepsy Leukocyte Linguistics Liposuction Lithotripsy Oncologist, pathologist

lact(i)-, lact(o) milk Of or pertaining to the abdomenlapar(o)wall, flank Of or pertaining to the larynx, the lower throat cavity where the laryng(o)voice box is laterolei(o)lateral smooth

-lepsis, -lepsy attack, seizure lept(o)leuc(o)-, leuk(o)lingu(a)-, lingu(o)lip(o)lith(o)log(o)-logist light, slender Denoting a white color Of or pertaining to the tongue fat stone, calculus speech Denotes someone who studies a certain field: _____-logy

-logy lymph(o)lys(o)-, -lytic -lysis

Denotes the academic study or practice of a certain field lymph dissolution Destruction, separation

Ancient Greek study Greek , Greek Greek

o (logos) hematology, urology Lymphedema Lysosome Paralysis

[edit] M
Prefix/suffix macr(o)-malacia mamm(o)mammill(o)manumast(o)meg(a)-, megal(o)-, megaly melan(o)mening(o)meromes(o)meta-meter -metry metr(o)Meaning large, long softening Of or pertaining to the breast Of or pertaining to the nipple Of or pertaining to the hand Of or pertaining to the breast enlargement Denoting a black color membrane part middle after, behind measurement process of measuring Pertaining to conditions or instruments of the uterus denoting something as small, or relating to smallness single Origin language and etymology Greek Greek Example(s) Macrophage Osteomalacia

Latin (mamma), breast; udder Mammogram Latin (mammilla), nipple Latin (manus), hand Manufacture

Ancient Greek Mastectomy (masts), breast, women's breast; man's pectoral muscle Greek Splenomegaly

Ancient Greek , Melanin (melas, melano-), black; dark Meningitis Greek , merocrine, Greek (meros), part meroblastic Ancient Greek (mesos), Mesoderm "middle" Greek Metacarpus Greek Sphygmomanometer Greek Optometry Ancient Greek (m tr ), womb, uterus Ancient Greek (mikros), small Greek Metrorrhagia

micromon(o)-

Microscope Infectious

morph(o)muscul(o)my(o)myc(o)myel(o)myring(o)myx(o)-

form, shape muscle Of or relating to muscle fungus Of or relating to bone marrow eardrum mucus

Greek Latin Ancient Greek , - (mys, my-), muscle; mouse; mussel Greek , Ancient Greek (myelon), marrow; bonemarrow Latin myringa Greek

mononucleosis Morphology Musculoskeletal system Myoblast Onychomycosis Myeloblast Myringotomy Myxoma

[edit] N
Prefix/suffix narc(o)nas(o)necr(o)neonephr(o)Meaning numb, sleep Of or pertaining to the nose death new Origin language and etymology Greek Latin (n sum), nose Greek Example(s) narcolepsy nasal Necrotizing fasciitis Neoplasm Nephrology

nerv-

neur(i)-, neur(o)normo-

Greek Ancient Greek Of or pertaining to the kidney (nephrs), kidney Latin (nervus), tendon; Of or pertaining to nerves and the nerve; Cognate with the nervous system [Uncommon as a Greek (neuron) (see root: neuro- mostly always used] below) Ancient Greek Of or pertaining to nerves and the (neuron), tendon, sinew; nervous system nerve normal Latin

Nerve

Neurofibromatosis Normocapnia

[edit] O
Prefix/suffix ocul(o)odont(o)odyn(o)Meaning Of or pertaining to the eye Of or pertaining to teeth pain Origin language and etymology Latin (oculus), the eye Ancient Greek , (odos, odont-), tooth Greek Example(s) Oculist orthodontist stomatodynia

-oesophageal, gullet oesophago- (BrE) resemblance to -oid small or little ole Denoting something as 'having little, olig(o)having few' Of or pertaining to the om(o)shoulder -oma (singular), - tumor, mass, omata (plural) collection Of or pertaining to the omphal(o)navel, the umbilicus tumor, bulk, volume oncoOf or pertaining to the nail (of a finger or onych(o)toe) Of or pertaining to the an egg, a woman's ooegg, the ovum Of or pertaining to the oophor(o)woman's ovary Of or pertaining to the ophthalm(o)eye Of or relating to chemical properties of optic(o)the eye Of or pertaining to the or(o)mouth orchi(o)-, testis orchidoDenoting something orth(o)as straight or correct -osis osseoossiost(e)-, oste(o)ot(o)-

Greek Greek Latin Ancient Greek few Ancient Greek shoulder Greek Ancient Greek (omphals), navel, belly-button Greek (oligos), ( mos), Sarcoidosis

Oligotrophy Omoplate Sarcoma, Teratoma Omphalotomy Oncology

Ancient Greek < , Onychophagy (nyx, nycho-), nail; claw; talon Ancient Greek o-), egg, ovum , - ( n, Oogenesis

Neoclassical Greek Oophorectomy ( ophron), ovary, egg-bearing Ancient Greek Ophthalmology (ophthalms), the eye Middle French (optique) < Greek (optiks); Cognate with Opticochemical Latin oculus, relating to the eye Latin ( s, or-), mouth Greek (orkhis, orkhi-) Oral Orchiectomy, Orchidectomy Orthodontist Harlequin type ichthyosis, Psychosis Peripheral ossifying fibroma Osteoporosis Otopathy

Ancient Greek (orthos), straight, correct, normal

a condition, disease or Greek increase bony bone Latin Latin

bone Greek Of or pertaining to the Ancient Greek

- (ous,

-ous ovari(o)ovo-, ovi-, ovoxooxy-

ear pertaining to Of or pertaining to the ovaries Of or pertaining to the eggs, the ovum addition of oxygen sharp, acid, acute, oxygen

t-), the ear Latin -osus Latin ( varium), ovary Latin ( vum), egg, ovum Greek Greek Ovariectomy Ovogenesis

[edit] P
Prefix/suffix pachypalpebrMeaning thick Of or pertaining to the eyelid [uncommon as a root] Origin language and Example(s) etymology Greek pachyderma Latin (palpebra), eyelid Palpebra panophobia, panopticon Papillitis

Denoting something as 'complete' or pan-, pant(o)containing 'everything' papill-

papul(o)para-paresis parvopath(o)-pathy ped-, -ped-, pes pelv(i)-, pelv(o)-penia peo-pepsia

Ancient Greek , - (pas, pan-), all, every Latin (papilla), nipple; Of or pertaining to the nipple (of the dimunitive of papula chest/breast) (see below) Latin (papula), pimple, Indicates papulosity, a small pustle; a small elevation or swelling in the skin, a elevation or swelling in pimple, swelling the skin alongside of, abnormal Ancient Greek slight paralysis Greek small Latin parvus disease Greek Ancient Greek Denotes (with a negative sense) a (pathos), suffering, disease, or disorder accident Of or pertaining to the foot; -footed Latin (p s, p d-), foot hip bone deficiency Of or pertaining to the penis Denotes something relating to Latin Greek Greek (peos) Ancient Greek

Papulation

hemiparesis Parvovirus Pathology sociopathy, neuropathy Pedoscope Pelvis osteopenia Peotomy Dyspepsia

digestion, or the digestive tract.

perperi-pexy phaco-

(pepts) cooked, digested < (pss ) I boil, cook; digest through Latin Denoting something with a position Ancient Greek 'surrounding' or 'around' another (peri), around fixation Greek lens-shaped Greek

Periodontal Nephropexy phacolysis, phacometer, phacoscotoma Sarcophagia phagocyte Lotophagi

-phage, phagia -phagophagist-:

-phagy phallopharmacopharyng(o)-phil(ia) phleb(o)phob(o)phon(o)phos-

phot(o)phren(i)-,

Ancient Greek (phaga) eating < (phagein) to eat eating, devouring Greek Forms nouns that denote a person Ancient Greek who 'feeds on' the first element or (phagist s) part of the word eater; see -phagia Forms nouns that denotes 'feeding Ancient Greek on' the first element or part of the (phagia) eating; see word phagia phallus Greek (phallos) drug, medication Greek Ancient Greek , - (phrynx, Of or pertaining to the pharynx, the phryng-), throat, upper throat cavity windpipe; chasm attraction for Greek Ancient Greek , Of or pertaining to the (blood) - (phleps, phleboveins, a vein ), blood-vessel, vein exaggerated fear, sensitivity Greek sound Greek Of or pertaining to light or its Ancient Greek , chemical properties, now historic - (ph s, ph t-), and used rarely. See the common light root phot(o)- below. Ancient Greek , Of or pertaining to light - (ph s, ph t-), light [[diaphragm (anatomy)|diaphragm], Greek , Forms terms denoting conditions relating to eating or ingestion

Anthropophagy Aphallia pharmacology Pharyngitis, Pharyngoscopy Hemophilia Phlebography, Phlebotomy arachnophobia

Phosphene

Photopathy Phrenic nerve,

phren(o)-, phrenico -plasia -plasty -plegia pleiopleur(o)-, pleur(a) -plexy

the mind] formation, development surgical repair, reconstruction paralysis more, excessive, multiple Of or pertaining to the ribs stroke or seizure Greek Greek Greek Greek pleion Latin (pleura) < Ancient Greek (pleurn), rib, side of the body Greek Ancient Greek , (pneum n, pneumon-), lung < (pneuma), wind, spirit

schizophrenia Achondroplasia rhinoplasty paraplegia pleiomorphism Pleurogenous Cataplexy Pneumonocyte, Pneumonia

pneum(o)-

Of or pertaining to the lungs

pneumat(o)pod-, -pod-, pus -poiesis poliopolypor(o)porphyr(o)postprepresby(o)primproproct(o)prot(o)-

air, lung Of or pertaining to the foot, -footed production Denoting a grey color Denotes a 'plurality' of something pore, porous Denotes a purple color Denotes something as 'after' or 'behind' another Denotes something as 'before' another (in [physical] position or time) old age Denotes something as 'first' or 'most-important' Denotes something as 'before' another (in [physical] position or time) anus, rectum Denotes something as 'first' or 'most-important' Ancient Greek (porphra), Porphyroblast purple Latin (post), after, Postoperation, behind Postmortem Medieval Latin (pre-) < (Classical) Latin (pr), Prematurity before, in front of Greek Presbyopia Latin (pr mus), first, Primary most important Ancient Greek (pro), before, in front Procephalic of proctology Ancient Greek Protoneuron (pr tos), first; Ancient Greek , Podiatry - (pos, pod-), foot hematopoiesis Ancient Greek Poliomyelitis (polis), grey Ancient Greek Polymyositis (polys), much, many

principle, most important pseudopsych(e)-, psych(o) -ptosis -ptysis pulmon-, pulmopyel(o)pyopyroDenotes something false or fake Of or pertaining to the mind falling, drooping, downward placement, prolapse (a spitting), spitting, hemoptysis, the spitting of blood derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes Of or relating to the lungs. pelvis pus fever Latin (pulmo, pulm n-, usually used in plural), a lung Ancient Greek (pyelos) Greek Greek , Ancient Greek (psych), breath, life, soul Psychology, Psychiatry Apoptosis

pulmonary Pyelonephritis Pyometra Antipyretic

[edit] Q
Prefix/suffix quadr(i)Meaning Origin language and etymology four Latin Example(s) quadriceps

[edit] R
Prefix/suffix radiorerect(o)ren(o)reticul(o)retrorhabd(o)rhachi(o)rhin(o)rhod(o)Meaning radiation again, backward rectum Of or pertaining to the kidney net backward, behind rod shaped, striated spine Of or pertaining to the nose Origin language and etymology Latin Latin Latin Latin (r nes), kidney Latin Latin Greek Greek renal retroverted rachial, rachialgia, rachidian, rachiopathy Example(s)

Ancient Greek , rhinoceros, rhinoplasty - (rh s, rh no-), nose Ancient Greek Denoting a rose-red color Rhodophyte (rhdon), rose

-rrhage -rrhagia -rrhaphy -rrhea (AmE) -rrhexis -rrhoea (BrE) rubr(o)-

burst forth rapid flow of blood surgical suturing flowing, discharge rupture flowing, discharge

Greek Greek Greek Greek Greek Greek -

Hemorrhage

Galactorrhea

Diarrhoea Rubrospinal

Of or pertaining to the red Latin (ruber), red nucleus of the brain

[edit] S
Prefix/suffix Meaning Of or pertaining to the fallopian tubes Of or pertaining to blood muscular, fleshlike split, cleft Denoting something 'split' or 'double-sided' hardness hardening of the skin twisted instrument for viewing use of instrument for viewing one-half, partly saliva, salivary gland sigmoid, sigmoid colon left, left side Of or pertaining to the sinus condition of food, grain Origin language and etymology Ancient Greek , -, (slpinx, salpingo-) trumpet [literally] Latin (sanguis, sanguin), blood Greek , Greek (schistos) Ancient Greek ; Irregular formation of the verb (schizein), to cut, split Greek Greek Greek (skolios) Greek Greek Latin Greek (sialos) Greek Latin Latin (sinus), a curve, bend, bay Greek Greek Example(s)

salping(o)sangui-, sanguinesarcoschist(o)schiz(o)scler(o)-sclerosis scoli(o)-scope -scopy semisial(o)sigmoid(o)sinistr(o)sinus-sis sito-

Salpingectomy

Sanguine sarcoma

Schizophrenia atherosclerosis Multiple sclerosis scoliosis stethoscope endoscopy sialagogue

Sinusitis osteoperosis

somat(o)-, somaticospasmosperma-, spermo-, spermatosplanchn(i)-, splanchn(o)splen(o)spondyl(o)squamos(o)-stasis -staxis sten(o)-

body, bodily spasm semen, spermatozoa viscera spleen Of or pertaining to the spine, the vertebra Denoting something as 'full of scales' or 'scaly' stop, stand dripping, trickling Denoting something as 'narrow in shape' or pertaining to narrowness Of or pertaining to the upper chest, chest, the area above the breast and under the neck strength, force, power mouth Of or pertaining to the mouth

Greek Greek Greek Greek / , (spndylos / Spondylitis sphndylos), the spine Latin (sq m sus), full of Squama scales; scaly Greek Greek Ancient Greek (stenos), narrow; short Ancient Greek (st thos), chest, cuirass Greek Greek Ancient Greek , - (stma, stomat), mouth Greek Latin Latin Latin stomatognathic system Stomatogastric colostomy subcutaneous tissue superior vena cava supraorbital vein Synalgia, Synesthesia, Syssarcosis Stenography Greek Greek , Splenectomy (sperma) Spermatogenesis

steth(o)sthenostom(a) stomat(o)-stomy subsupersuprasy(l)-, sym-, syn-, sys-

Stethoscope

creation of an opening beneath in excess, above, superior above, excessive Indicates similarity, likeness, or being together; Assimilates Ancient Greek before some consonants: before l (syn), with, together to syl-, s to sys-, before a labial to sym-.

[edit] T
Prefix/suffix Meaning Origin language and etymology Example(s)

Denoting something as fast, irregularly fast -tension, -tensive pressure tachy-

Ancient Greek (tachys), fast, quickly Latin Ancient Greek case, sheath thec(theke) Of or pertaining to a nipple Ancient Greek thel(e)-, thel(o)[uncommon as a prefix] (th l ), a teat, nipple Ancient Greek Denoting something as thely(th lys), female, 'relating to a woman, feminine' feminine heat Ancient Greek therm(o)Of or pertaining to the upper Latin (th r x) < thorac(i)-, chest, chest; the area above the Ancient Greek thorac(o)-, breast and under the neck (th rax), chest, cuirass thoracicoAncient Greek Of or relating to a blood clot, (thrmbos), lump, thromb(o)clotting of blood piece, clot of blood thyroid Greek thyr(o)Greek: "thymos," spirit, soul; courage; breath, emotions thym(o)(ia)mind, emotions pertaining to Greek -tic childbirth Greek tococutting instrument Greek -tome act of cutting; incising, Greek -tomy incision tone, tension, pressure Greek tonotension Greek -tony place, topical Greek top(o)tox(i)-, tox(o)-, toxin, poison Greek toxicotrachea Greek trache(o)Ancient Greek Of or pertaining to the neck (trch los), trachel(o)neck Denoting something as Latin (tr ns), across, moving or situated 'across' or transthrough 'through' Ancient Greek , trich(i)-, trichia, Of or pertaining to hair, hair( )- (thrx, trich(o)like structure trich(o)), hair

Tachycardia Hypertension Intrathecal Theleplasty Thelygenous

Thorax Thrombus, Thrombocytopenia

dysthymia

Gastrotomy

Toxoplasmosis

Tracheotomy

Transfusion

Trichotomy

-tripsy -trophy tympan(o)-

crushing nourishment, development eardrum

Greek Greek Greek

Lithotripsy , Tympanocentesis

[edit] U
Prefix/suffix -ula, -ule ultraumbilicunguiun(i)ur(o)uri(c)-, uricourinuter(o)Meaning small beyond, excessive Of or pertaining to the navel, the umbilicus Of or pertaining to the nail, a claw one Of or pertaining to urine, the urinary system; (specifically) pertaining to the physiological chemistry of urine uric acid Of or pertaining to urine, the urinary system Origin language and etymology Latin Latin Latin (umbil cus), navel, belly-button Latin (unguis), nail, claw Latin (unus) Ancient Greek (ouron), urine Greek Uriniferous Uterus Example(s) Nodule Umbilical Unguiform, Ungual Unilateral hearing loss Urology

Latin ( r na), urine < Ancient Greek (ouron), see above. Latin (uterus), womb, Of or pertaining to the uterus or womb uterus

[edit] V
Prefix/suffix vaginvaric(o)vas(o)vasculovenventr(o)Meaning Of or pertaining to the vagina swollen or twisted vein duct, blood vessel blood vessel Of or pertaining to the (blood) veins, a vein [used in terms pertaining to the vascular system ] Of or pertaining to the belly; the stomach cavities Origin language and etymology Latin (v g na), sheath, scabbard Latin Latin Latin Latin (v na), blood-vessel, vein Example(s) Vagina varicose vasoconstriction Vein, Venospasm

Latin (venter), the belly, the Ventrodorsal stomach; the womb

vesic(o)viscer(o)-

Of or pertaining to the bladder Of or pertaining to the internal organs, the viscera

Latin (v s ca), bladder; Vesica blister Latin (viscera), internal organs; plural of (viscerum), Viscera internal organ

[edit] X
Prefix/suffix xanth(o)xen(o)Meaning Denoting a yellow color, an abnormally yellow color Foreign, different Origin language and Example(s) etymology Ancient Greek Xanthopathy (xanths), yellow Greek (xenos), stranger Xenograft

[edit] Y
Prefix/suffix Meaning condition or process of -y Origin language and etymology Latin -ia < Greek Example(s) Surgery

[edit] Z
Prefix/suffix Meaning animal, animal life zo(o)fermentation, enzyme zym(o)Origin language and etymology Greek Greek Example(s)

English meanings
This section contains lists of different root classification (e.g. body components, quantity, description, etc.). Each list is alphabetized by English meanings, with the corresponding Greek and Latin roots given.

[edit] Roots of the Body

[edit] Roots of Bodily Concepts Bodily Concept Greek Root Digestion -pepsia Disease Eating -pathy -phagia Latin Root Other Root

[edit] Roots of body parts and components

(Internal Anatomy, External Anatomy, Body Fluids, Body Substances)

Body Part/Component abdomen aorta arm armpit artery back big toe bladder blood blood clot blood vessel body bone bone marrow, marrow brain breast chest cheek ear eggs, ova eye eyelid face fallopian tubes fat, fatty tissue finger forehead gallbladder genitals, sexually undifferentiated gland glans penis or clitoridis gums hair Greek Root lapar(o)aort(o)brachi(o)arteri(o)cyst(o)haemat-, hemathem-) thromb(o)angi(o)somat-, somoste(o)myel(o)encephal(o)mast(o)steth(o)ot(o)ooophthalm(o)blephar(o)salping(o)lip(o)dactyl(o)cholecyst(o)gon(o)-, phall(o)aden(o)balan(o)trich(o)Latin Root abdominaort(o)axilldorsallicvesic(o)(haem-, Other Root -

sangui-, sanguine- vascul-, vascorporossimedullcerebr(o)mamm(o)buccaurovocul(o)cili-; palpebrfaci(o)adipdigitfront(o)fellgingivcapilloptic(o) [French] -

hand head heart hip, hip-joint horn intestine jaw kidney knee lip liver loins, pubic region lungs marrow, bone marrow mind mouth muscle nail navel neck nerve; the nervous system nipple, teat nose ovary pelvis penis pupil (of the eye) rib rib cage shoulder sinus skin skull stomach

cheir(o)-, chir(o)cephal(o)cardi(o)cerat(o)enter(o)gnath(o)nephr(o)goncheil(o)-, chil(o)hepat(o)- (hepatic-) episi(o)pneumonmyel(o)psychstomat(o)my(o)onych(o)omphal(o)trachel(o)neur(o)thelerhin(o)oophor(o)pyel(o)pe(o)cor-, core-, coropleur(o)thorac(i)-, thorac(o)om(o)dermat(o)- (derm-) crani(o)gastr(o)-

manucapit(o)cordicoxcornurengenulabi(o)jecorpudendpulmon(i)- (pulmo-) medullmentorunguiumbiliccervicnervpapill-, mammillnasovari(o)pelv(i)cost(o)humer(o)sinuscut-, cuticulventr(o)pollic-

testis orchi(o)-, orchid(o)throat (upper throat cavity) pharyng(o)throat (lower throat cavity/voice laryng(o)box]) thumb -

tooth tongue toe tumour ureter urethra urine, urinary System uterine tubes uterus vagina vein vulva womb wrist

odont(o)gloss-, glottdactyl(o)cel-, onc(o)ureter(o)urethr(o)-, urethr(a)ur(o)sarping(o)hyster(o)-, metr(o)colp(o)phleb(o)episi(o)hyster(o)-, metr(o)carp(o)-

dent(i)lingu(a)digittumureter(o)urethr(o)-, urethr(a)urin(o)sarping(o)uter(o)vaginvenvulvuter(o)carp(o)-

[edit] Roots of Color

Color black blue gray, grey green purple red red-yellow white yellow Greek Root in English melanocyanopoliochlor(o)porphyr(o)erythr(o)-, rhod(o)cirrh(o)leuc-, leukxanth(o)Latin Root in English nigrvirpurpur-, purpureorub-, rubralbflavOther Root jaun - [French]

[edit] Roots of Description

[Size, Shape, Strength, etc.]
Description bad, incorrect bent, crooked big biggest broad, wide cold Greek Root in English cac(o)-, dysankyl(o)mega-, megal(o)megisteurycry(o)Latin Root in English mal(e)prav(i)magn(i)maximlat(i)frigOther Root -

dead equal false female, feminine flat good, well great hard heavy hollow huge incorrect, bad large; extremely large largest long male, masculine narrow new normal, correct; straight old sharp short small smallest slow fast soft straight, normal, correct thick varied, various well, good wide, broad

necr(o)is(o)pseud(o)thelyplatyeumega-, megal(o)scler(o)bar(o)coel(o)megal(o)cac(o)-, dysmegamegistmacr(o)arsenosten(o)neoorth(o)paleooxybrachymicr(o)bradytachymalac(o)orth(o)pachypoikiloeueury-

mortequ(i)fals(i)plan(i)ben(e)-, bon(i)magn(i)dur(i)grav(i)cavmagn(i)mal(e)magn(i)maximlong(i)virangust(i)nov(i)rectveteracbrev(i)parv(i)- (rare) minimtard(i)celermoll(i)rect(i)crass(i)variben(e)lat(i)-

[edit] Roots of position

Description around left Greek Root in Latin Root in English English perilevocircumlaev(o)-, sinistrOther Root

middle mes(o)right dexi(o)surrounding peri-

medidextr(o)circum-

[edit] Roots of quantity

(Amount, Quantity)
Description double equal few half many, much twice Greek Root in English diploisooligohemipolydisLatin Root in Other English Root dupliequipaucidemisemi(French) multibis-