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About Microsoft:
y Introduction y History y Vision y Mission y Programs and Initiatives

y Overview

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INTRODUCTION:
Microsoft Corporation is a multinational computer technology corporation that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of software products for computing devices. Headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA, its most profitable products are the Microsoft Windows operating system and the Microsoft Office suite of productivity software. The company was founded to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800. Microsoft rose to dominate the home computer operating system market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by the Windows line of operating systems. One commentator notes that Microsoft's original mission was "A computer on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft software." The company also markets both computer hardware products such as the Microsoft mouse as well as home entertainment products. The company's initial public stock offering (IPO) was in 1986; the ensuing rise of the company's stock price has made four billionaires and an estimated 12,000 millionaires from Microsoft employees. Throughout its history the company has been the target of criticism, including monopolistic business practices and anti-competitive strategies. The U.S. Justice Department and the European Commission, among others, have ruled against Microsoft for various antitrust violations.

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HISTORY:
Microsoft was formed by a Harvard College Dropout called Bill Gates. Bill Gates was born William Henry Gates III on October 28, 1955. He was born to a family that was successful in business, living a comfortable upper middle class life in Seattle, Washington. Early in his elementary school days, Bill Gates quickly shot to the head of the class, consistently outscoring his peers in most subjects, but especially math and science. His parents soon enrolled him in Lakeside Prep School, where the atmosphere was intellectual enough to stimulate the young Gates. This move to Lakeside would prove historic, for it was here, in the spring of 1968, that he was introduced to computers. At that time, computers were still too large and expensive for the school to purchase one of its own. Over the next ten months or so, the school struck agreements with various corporations who allowed the students to use their computers. Bill Gates, his buddy Paul Allen and a handful of others quickly took to computing. In fact, they began to skip classes, opting instead to stay in the computer room and write programs, read computer books and find out exactly how these machines worked. They soon learned to hack the system, and altered and crashed valuable files until they were banned from the computer. Soon, however, Bill and his friends were actually hired by the computer company to find bugs and explore weaknesses in the system, which kept causing the computers to crash. Instead of paying the boys for their time, they were granted something even better--unlimited computer time.

Project on Gates has been quoted as saying that, that was the time when he got into computers fulltime. "I mean, then I became hardcore. It was day and night," he said. The boys used their time eating, drinking and breathing computers. They studied manuals, explored the system, and hounded the employees with questions until they had formed a base of knowledge that would eventually lead to the formation of Microsoft. The computer company that was hiring the group went out of business in 1970, and the boys had to find alternate sources for computer time. They were soon hired by Information Sciences Inc. to write a program for payroll. This time they actually earned money as well as enjoying the unlimited computer time. It was during this time that the group gained notoriety for their skill in computer programming. They were hired or contracted by various organizations to find bugs and fix them. Each job helped Gates and his friends learn their skill and delve ever deeper into the world of programming. In the fall of 1973, Gates left for Harvard University. He enrolled as a prelaw student, but spent most of his time in the campus computer center, programming away. He stayed in touch with Paul Allen and they continued to talk about future projects and the possibility of one day having their very own business. Allen even moved to Boston to be closer to Gates, so they could continue working on projects. Allen continually urged Gates to quit school and work with him full-time, and Gates was unsure of what he wanted to do. This was soon to change. One year later, Paul Allen saw the first microcomputer on the cover of a magazine. He bought the magazine and went immediately to show it to Gates. They realized the time was right. The home PC business was about to explode and someone would need to provide software for the machines. By stretching the truth somewhat, Gates arranged for a meeting with the Altair manufacturers. He had called them to let them know he had a program written for them. After the appointment was made, Gates and Allen stayed up for nights, feverishly writing the program he had promised. It worked perfectly at the meeting, and everyone was impressed. They sold the program, and saw that this was something they could do for real. Within a year, Gates had dropped out of Harvard and Microsoft was formed.

Project on The company went through some rough first years, but eventually were able to license MS-DOS to IBM. The IBM PC took the public by storm, and its success signaled the success of Microsoft. Microsoft continued writing software, for businesses as well as the consumer market. In 1986, the company went public, and Gates became a 31-year old billionaire. The next year, the first version of Windows was introduced, and by 1993 a million copies per month were being sold. In 1995, Gates knew that the Internet was the next area of focus, and the course of Microsoft shifted dramatically. The popular Internet Explorer browser soon became a bestseller. Today, Microsoft software is everywhere.

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"Create experiences that combine the magic of software with the power of Internet services across a world of devices."

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As a global company, Microsoft employs people from more than 135 different countries and regions. A multicultural workforce enables us to attract and retain the most qualified employees, develop innovative products, and better serve the needs of a wide range of customers. Meeting the needs of a globally diverse population is an incredible opportunity and a challenge for Microsoft and the technology industry. As a global industry leader and corporate citizen, Microsoft continues the effort to understand, value, and incorporate differences. We work hard to enable talent, satisfy customers, and lead technology innovation globally.

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MICROSOFT OVERVIEW:
Founded Albuquerque, New Mexico (April 4, 1975) Founder(s) Bill Gates Paul Allen Headquarters Area served Key people Redmond, Washington, United States Worldwide Bill Gates (Chairman) Steve Ballmer (CEO) Ray Ozzie (CSA) Craig Mundie (CRSO) Don Mattrick (Senior VP of Entertainment and
Devices)

Industry

Computer software Consumer electronics Video game consoles

Products

Microsoft Windows Microsoft Office Microsoft Servers Windows Developer Tools

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Microsoft Expression Business Software Games & Xbox 360 Windows Live Windows Mobile Zune Revenue Operating income Net income Total assets Total equity Employees Website US$ 17.681 billion (2008) US$ 72.793 billion (2008) US$ 36.286 billion (2008) 93,000 in over 100 countries (2009) microsoft.com US$ 60.420 billion (2008) US$ 22.492 billion (2008)

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Products:
y Most Popular y Business Software y Design & User Experience y Developer Tools y Entertainment y Hardware y Home & Educational Software y Macintosh y Mobile Devices & Software y Servers y Microsoft Windows y Microsoft Office y Top 5 Best and Worst products of Microsoft

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Most Popular
y y y y y y y Bing Bing cashback Internet Explorer Microsoft Advertising Office

Design & User Experience

y y Microsoft Expression Microsoft Silverlight

Developer Tools
y .NET Framework ASP.NET MSDN Subscriptions Robotics Developer Studio Visual Basic Visual C Visual C# Visual Studio XNA y

Windows Windows Live y y

Business Software
y y y y y y y y Bing Maps Microsoft Amalga Microsoft Dynamics Products Microsoft Forefront Microsoft Office Live Microsoft Online Services Windows Essential Business Server Windows Small Business Server

y y y y y

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Entertainment
y y y y y y y y DirectX Microsoft Mediaroom MSN MSN Games PC Gaming Xbox Home Xbox Live Zune

Home & Educational Software

y y y y y y y y y AutoCollage Healthvault Money MSN Direct MSN Internet Access Office Home & Student Songsmith Streets & Trips Windows Home Server Windows Live OneCare Works

Hardware
y y y y y y y y All PC Hardware Digital Communications Media Center Peripherals Microsoft Surface Mouse & Keyboard Products MSN TV PC Gaming Hardware Xbox Gaming

y y

Macintosh
y y y y All Macintosh Products Mac Expression Mac Mouse & Keyboard Products Mac Office

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Mobile Devices & Software

y y y y y y Microsoft My Phone Microsoft Tag Mobile Software Catalog Ultra-Mobile PC Windows Mobile Windows Mobile Devices

Servers
y y y y y y y All Server Products BizTalk Server Exchange Server Server Trials SQL Server TechNet Subscriptions Windows Server

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MICROSOFT WINDOWS: All Windows Products



Windows Vista

Windows Live

Windows Mobile

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y y y y y y y y y y y

Windows 7 Windows Vista Windows Vista Help & How-to Windows XP Windows Mobile Windows Automotive Windows Azure Windows Embedded Windows Media Player Windows Internet Explorer Earlier Windows Versions

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Windows Servers:
y y y y y

Windows Server Windows Essential Business Server Windows Small Business Server Windows Home Server Windows Server Update Services

Windows Live:
y y y y y y

All Windows Live Products Windows Live Hotmail Windows Live Messenger Windows Live OneCare Windows Live Spaces Windows Live Toolbar

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MICROSOFT OFFICE: All Office Products

Top Office products:
Outlook Excel PowerPoint Word OneNote SharePoint Publisher Visio

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y y y y y

Office for Business Office Live Office Servers Office Trials Product Information

Office Resources:
y y y

Clip Art and Media Office Help & How-to Office Online Training and Demos

Office Templates

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Top 5 best products of Microsoft:

#5 Best: Microsoft Streets & Trips #4 Best: Verdana Font #3 Best: Windows TweakUI #2 Best: Windows Media Player 11 #1 Best: XBOX 360

Top 5 worst products of Microsoft:

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#5 Worst: Internet Explorer 6 #4 Worst: Live Search #3 Worst: MSN Smart Watch #2 Worst: Microsoft Bob #1 Worst: Windows Millennium Edition

World Vision

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As a company, and as individuals, we value integrity, honesty, openness, personal excellence, constructive self-criticism, continual self-improvement, and mutual respect. We are committed to our customers and partners and have a passion for technology. We take on big challenges, and pride ourselves on seeing them through. We hold ourselves accountable to our customers,
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shareholders, partners, and employees by honoring our commitments, providing results, and striving for the highest quality.

Market Share:
y Worldwide share y Share in Pakistan

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WORLDWIDE E-MAIL STATISTICS

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Worldwide E-mail and Spam Traffic, 2005 2009:

y y y y Table 1, shows worldwide e-mail and spam traffic from 2005 through 2009. All figures are in billions of messages per day. Traffic includes messages sent and received. Worldwide spam sent includes all spam messages that are sent to an active e-mail mailbox, Worldwide spam delivered includes only spam that actually reach a mailbox (i.e. they are not filtered by anti-spam solutions on the e-mail server, network perimeter, or by service providers.)

2005 Worldwide E-mail Traffic per Day Worldwide Spam Traffic per Day - Sent % Spam Worldwide Spam Traffic per Day - Delivered % Spam Delivered 135 90 67% 52 58%

2006 171 120 70% 68 57%

2007 2008 2009 214 156 73% 85 54% 266 202 331 256

76% 77% 105 124 52% 48%

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Table 1: Worldwide Message and Spam Traffic, 2005 2009

Figure 1, illustrates legitimate e-mail traffic versus spam sent, from 2005 through 2009.

Worldwide E-mail traffic per day, 2005-2009

350 300 250 24% 200 27% 150 100 50 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 33% 73% 67% 70% 30% 77% 76% legtimate traffic Spam traffic

23%

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Figure 1: Legitimate E-mail Traffic vs. Total Spam Traffic, 2005 - 2009

Worldwide Corporate Mailboxes by Business Size

Table 2, shows the installed base of corporate mailboxes (both in sourced and outsourced corporate mailboxes), by businesses size, from 2005 through 2009. We define businesses size as follows: y y y y Small: 1 to 100 Employees, Medium: 100 1,000 Employees, Large: 1,000 to 10,000 Employees, Very Large: 10,000 + Employees.

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Project on 2005 2006 2007 2008 In sourced Corporate Mailboxes (M) All Numbers in Millions of Mailboxes Small (1 - 100 Employees) Medium (100 - 1,000 Employees) Large (1,000 - 10,000 Employees) Very Large (10,000+ Employees) 68 54 96 139 72 57 102 147 80 60 104 156 86 69 112 98 74 116 357 377 401 431 2009 465

164 177

Table 2: Worldwide Corporate Mailboxes by Business Size, 2005 2009

Worldwide in sourced Mailboxes by Industry, 2005 2009

Table 3, shows the worldwide installed base of in sourced mailboxes by industry, from 2005 through 2009. All figures are in millions of mailboxes.

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Project on 2005 In sourced Mailboxes (M) Finance (M) Heath Care (M) Service (M) Retail (M) Manufacturing (M) Government (M) Education (M) Entertainment (M) Transportation (M) Other (M) 357 46 36 54 18 25 64 61 7 11 36 2006 2007 377 49 41 57 19 23 68 64 8 11 38 401 52 44 60 24 24 68 68 8 12 40 2008 431 56 52 69 26 22 73 71 8 13 42 2009 465 64 57 74 28 23 79 74 8 14 43

Table 3: In sourced Mailboxes by Industry, 2005 - 2009

CORPORATE MESSAGING SOFTWARE MARKET NUMBERS:

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Corporate Messaging Software, Installed Base Market Share, 2000 2009.

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Worldwide Installed Base (M) 123 170 263 321 352 357 377 401 431 465

MS Exchange IB (M) 42 73 84 97 30% 115 103 118 31% 135 156 180 39%

IB Market Share % 34%

43% 32%

33% 29%

34% 36%

IBM Lotus Domino /Notes IB (M) 45 68 40% 73 28% 82 26% 85 80 75 20% 72 18% 69 16% 65 14% IB Market Share % 37% 24% 22%

IBM Lotus Workplace IB (M) IB Market Share % 0.1 1.6 1.2 3.0 5.2 7.8 11 0% 0.5% 0.3% 0.8% 1.3% 1.8% 2.3%

Others (M) IB Market Share %

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29

106 40%

142

150

173 48%

181 48%

188 47%

198

209

29% 17%

44% 43%

46% 45%

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Corporate Messaging Software, Revenue Market Share, 2000 2009.

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2000 Worldwide

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005 2006

2007 2008 2009

Revenue ($M) $1,985 $2,035 $2,104 $3,300

$2,421 $2,650 $2,310 $2,510 $2,735 $2,995

MS Exchange Revenue ($M) $925 $1,000 $1,100 $1,254 $1,450 $1,155 $1,314 $1,559 $1,856 $2,173 Revenue Market Share % 62% 66% 47% 49% 52% 52% 55% 50% 52% 57%

IBM Lotus Domino/Notes Rev. ($M) $569 Revenue Market Share % 43% 22.7% 17.3% 43% 43% 43% 40% 42% 37% 30% $845 $865 $900 $1,048 $1,050 $970 $941 $815 $680

IBM Lotus

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Project on Workplace Rev. ($M) Revenue Market Share % 0% 0% 1% 2% 5% 7% 8% $1.0 $8.0 $15 $61 $144 $200 $265

Others ($M) $293 Revenue

$215 $170

$104

$118

$142

$170

$193 $218 $259

Market Share % 11% 8%

5%

5%

5%

7%

8%

8%

9%

9%

Table 5: Corporate Messaging Software, Revenue Market Share, 2000 - 2009

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Corporate Messaging Software, Regional Distribution of Revenue, 2005 2009.

2005 Corp. Messaging SW Revenue ($M) North America Europe Asia/Pacific Rest of World $2,310 29% 32% 31% 7% 2006 $2,510 28% 31% 32% 9% 2007 $2,735 28% 30% 32% 10% 2008 $2,995 27% 28% 34% 11% 2009 $3,300 26% 27% 36% 12%

Table 6: Corporate Messaging Software, Regional Distribution of Revenue, 2005 - 2009

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100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

North America

Europe

Asia /Pacific

ROW

Figure 6: Corporate Messaging Software, Regional Distribution of Revenue, 2005 2009

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MESSAGING SOFTWARE FOR SERVICE PROVIDERS MARKET NUMBERS:

Messaging Software for Service Providers Market Revenue and Installed Base, 2000 2009.
y y Table 7, shows the mailboxes and revenue of the Messaging Software for Service Providers market from 2000 through 2009. From 2000 to 2003, the Messaging Software for Service Providers market experienced year-over-year declines in revenue, due to poor economic conditions and dramatically reduced spending in the service provider market. 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Mailboxes (M) IB Growth % Revenue ($M) Revenue Growth % 296 377 468 581 24% 754 27% 24% $263 $225 $203 30% 14% 19% 20% 2008 19% 2009 18%

856 1,019 1,223 1,453 1,719

$177 $200 $201 $213 $229 13% 1% 6% 8%

$253 $280 10% 11%

-14% -10% -13%

Table 7: Messaging Software for SPs Revenue and mailboxes, 2000 2009

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Figure 7, illustrates the installed base of the Messaging Software for Service Providers market, from 2000 through 2009.

1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 468 600 400 200 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 296 377 581 754 1019 856 1223 1453

1719

2008

2009

Figure 7: Messaging Software for Service Providers, mailboxes, 2000 - 2009

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Figure 8, shows the revenue of the Messaging Software for Service Providers market from 2000 through 2009.

$300 $250 $200 $150 $100 $50 $0

$263 $225 $203 $177 $200 $201 $229 $213

$280 $253

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Figure 8: Messaging Software for Service Providers, Market Revenue, 2000 2009

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MS EXCHANGE GROWTH IN SERVICE PROVIDER MARKET, 2001 2009

Table 8, shows the installed base growth of MS Exchange in the Messaging Software for Service Providers market.

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Service Provider Market Growth (%) 27% 24% 24% 30% 14% 19% 20% 19% 18%

Hosted Exchange Growth (%) 24% 26% 72% 82% 52% 22% 26% 25% 25%

Table 8: MS Exchange vs. Service Provider Market, Growth, 2001 - 2009

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Figure 9, compares the installed base growth of Microsoft Exchange vs. the worldwide Messaging Software for Service Providers market, from 2001 through 2009. Service Provider Market Growth vs. Hosted Exchange Growth, 2001-2009
120% 82% 100% 72% SP Exchange IB Growth 24% 26% 40% 27% 24% 24% 14% 0% 22% 52% 26% 25% 25% 30% 19% 20% 19% 18% Service Provider IB Growth

80%

60%

20%

Figure 9: Microsoft Exchange vs. Service Provider Market, IB Growth, 2001 2009

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MICROSOFT WINDOWS:
Microsoft Windows is a series of software operating systems and graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft. Microsoft first introduced an operating environment named Windows in November 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computer market, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced previously. As of July 2009, Windows had approximately 93% of the market share of the client operating systems for usage on the internet. The most recent client version of Windows is Windows Vista; the most recent server version is Windows Server 2008, Vista's successor, Windows 7 (currently at release to manufacturing), is scheduled to be released on October 22, 2009. Windows OS market share Date All versions Windows XP Windows Vista Windows 2000 Windows 7 Windows Server 2003 Windows 98 Windows NT Windows Me Windows CE July 2009 July 2009 February 2009 December 8, 2008 93.07% 72.93% 17.90% 0.97% 0.89% 0.14% 0.13% 0.07% 0.04% 86.56% 61.52% 21.95% 0.86% 1.24% 0.85% 0.14% 93.71% 62.18% 28.90% 1.20% 0.81% 0.22% 0.02% 0.09% 0.01% 93.72% 72.02% 21.16% 0.54% -

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IT DRIVES GLOBAL ECONOMIC GROWTH:

IT has given rise to the 21st-century knowledge economy and has been a real driver of economic growth. According to an IDC study of 82 countries and regions: IT spending in 2007 was $US1.2 trillion. Global IT employment will rise in the four years between 2007 and 2011 by 7.1 million jobs, from a 2007 base of 35.4 million. The IT market will drive the creation of more than 100,000 new businesses between 2007 and 2011. Many of these companies will be small and locally owned. The emerging economies are forecast to drive over 25 percent of the new IT jobs over the next four years. These jobs will be driven by an evolving highly-skilled labor force.

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MARKET SHARE OF MICROSOFT IN PAKISTAN

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PAKISTAN TELECOM INDUSTRY MOBILE FIRMS:

(Getting 2 million subscribers every month) Telecom industry is booming throughout the country as two million mobile subscribers were added every month throughout the last year. Previous year the sector grew by 80 percent while average growth rate in last four years has been more than 100 percent.

Network coverage of almost 90 percent of the total population of Pakistan has made the industry even more attractive for foreign investment. Industry analysts said that there is still a great margin of growth in this industry, in 2003-04 the sector was offering 466,068 direct and indirect employments and now in 2006-07 it is more than double at 1,366,698 employment opportunities. An intense competition is seen in the telecom sector and all the companies are trying to take edge on each other, which is helping the subscribers as they are getting advanced and new packages at low prices.

According to the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) Industry Analysis Report 2007, out of 376 tehsils across Pakistan, almost 77 percent are covered with mobile networks, bringing the figure to 290.

In 2004 there were less than 2000 cell sites installed by all mobile operators for provision of mobile services. Today total cell sites of all mobile operators are more than 17,500.

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PAKISTAN CONSUMER INTERNET MARKETING REPORT FOR 2008:

This research study provides intelligence for marketers targeting online Pakistani consumers. The Pakistan Consumer Internet Marketing Report for 2008 presents findings after analyzing and correlating survey results of over 5,000 Internet consumers. A summary of employed methodology and respondent demographics is presented. Media preferences including favorite English TV channels, Urdu TV channels, radio channels and most frequently traveled roads are detailed in this report. Top consumer uses of the Internet, their leisure preferences and mobile carrier preferences are also reported with some remarkable findings. Key Findings Demographics will be of interest to marketers of personal consumption goods and services in general:
y

87% fall in the 18-30 age range thus capturing a fresh wave of consumers entering the market

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y y

94% have a graduate or post-graduate degree. 34% are financial heads of their household.

SEC analysis of the respondents who were head of households reveals that 62% fall into the A1 segment, while B and C are the next two largest segments at 16% and 14% respectively. In stark contrast with published PTA figures, Ufone and Warid surface as the top two mobile network operators being used by this important segment of the market. They have virtually the same market share distribution in Lahore, Karachi, Islamabad or Rawalpindi which strengthens the statistical reliability of the finding. Revealing media preferences have been captured:
y y

National Geographic supersedes HBO, Ten Sports, and Star Movies as the most preferred English TV channel. An overwhelming 73% indicated that GEO is their first choice, not only for breaking news, but over and above all other surveyed Urdu TV channels.

Over 5,000 respondents told us their most traveled roads. We share the findings in this report for Lahore, Karachi, Islamabad and Rawalpindi.

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Total Profitability: (2008)

y Net Profit Margin y Return on Assets y Return on Equity

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The best measure of a company is its profitability, for without it, it cannot grow, and if it doesnt grow, then its stock will trend downward. Increasing profits are the best indication that a company can pay dividends and that the share price will trend upward. Creditors will loan money at a cheaper rate to a profitable company than to an unprofitable one; consequently, profitable companies can use leverage to increase stockholders equity even more. The common profitability measures compare profits with sales, assets, or equity: y y y Net profit margin, Return on assets, and Return on equity.

Note that since the Income Statement of a financial report shows the result from a time period, usually 1 year, whereas the Balance Sheet shows the state of a company at a particular time, usually at the end of the companys fiscal year.

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NET PROFIT MARGIN:

The net profit margin is equal to the net profit (net income) after taxes and excluding extraordinary items divided by total revenues. Net Profit Margin = Net Profit after Taxes Total Revenues

Calculating the Net Profit Margin of Microsoft

For its fiscal year 2008, Microsoft (MSFT) earned net income of $17,681,000,000 on $60,420,000,000 of total revenue. Since net profit margin is a ratio, we dont have to worry about the last 6 zeros, so we find that: Microsoft Net Profit Margin = 17,681 / 60,420 29.26%

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RETURN ON ASSETS:
The return on assets (ROA) (return on total assets, return on average assets) is one of the most widely used profitability ratios because it is related to both profit margin and asset turnover, and shows the rate of return for both creditors and investors of the company. ROA shows how well a company controls its costs and utilizes its resources. Return on Assets = Net Profit Margin x Asset Turnover = Net Profit Total Revenue Net Profit x Total Revenue Average Total Assets

Average Total Assets So a company can have a high return on assets even if it has a low profit margin because it has a high asset turnover.

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Calculating the Return on Assets of Microsoft

The following numbers are in millions and Microsofts fiscal year ends in June. Numbers for profit margin and total revenue calculated in the previous ratio are used here. Total Assets 2008 = $72,793 Total Assets 2007 = $63,171 MSFT Average Total Assets = (72,793 + 63,171) / 2 = 67,982 1. Microsoft ROA = Net Profit / Average Total Assets = 17,681 / 67,982 = 0.2601 Now we calculate ROA differently using asset turnover: Asset Turnover = 60,420 / 67,982 = 0.8888 = 88.88% 2. Microsoft ROA = Net Profit Margin x Asset Turnover = 29.26% x 88.88% =26.01% As you can see, equations 1 and 2 yield the same result. = 26.01%

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RETURN ON EQUITY:
The return on equity (ROE), also known as return on investment (ROI), is best measure of the return, since it is the product of the operating performance, asset turnover, and debt-equity management of the firm. Return on Equity = Net Profit Average Stockholders Equity The return on equity is also equal to the return on assets multiplied by the debt-equity management ratio (i.e, equity multiplier): Debt-Equity Management Ratio = Average Total Assets Average Total Stockholders Equity ROE = ROA x Debt-Equity Management Ratio The debt-equity management ratio is proportional to the amount of debt being used by the company. The ROE shows how well management is using debt to increase returns for stockholders.

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Calculating the Return on Equity of Microsoft

2007 Total Stockholders Equity = $31,097 2008 Total Stockholders Equity = $36,286 2008 Average Total Stockholders Equity = (36,286 + 31,097) / 2 = $33,691.50 2008 Net Profit = $17,681 Return on Equity = 17,681 / 33,691.50 = 0.5248 = 52.48% Calculating the ROE using average total assets and the debt-equity management ratio yields the same results: 2008 Average Total Assets = $67,982 Debt-Equity Management Ratio = 67,982 / 33,691.50 = 2.0178 Return on Equity = ROA x Debt-Equity Management Ratio = 26.01% x 2.0178 = 52.48% (Note that average total assets and ROA were calculated in the prior ratios.)

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Microsoft in Pakistan:
y Microsoft Pakistan Team y Case study y Bizspark y Software privacy in Pakistan y State of telecom industry in Pakistan

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MICROSOFT PAKISTAN TEAM:

Kamal Ahmed
Country Manager, Microsoft Pakistan

Malik Imran Ijaz

Public Sector Lead, Microsoft Pakistan

Shahzad Khan

OEM Lead for Microsoft Pakistan

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Fariha Tahir Shah

Marketing Lead

Salman Saeed Siddiqu

SMS&P Lead

Tabish Sabah

Enterprise Partner Group Lead, Microsoft Pakistan

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Naveed Bajwa

DPE Lead, Pakistan

Tahir Rizvi

Finance Manager

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Case study MICROSOFT INNOVATION CENTER IN PAKISTAN:

In partnership with FAST National University, Microsoft opened an Innovation Center in Karachi. The center provides sales, marketing and technical training and support to local software developers, and helps invigorate the local economy. Karachi, Pakistan, May 9, 2008.
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-- Some details about the Microsoft Innovation Center in Pakistan

In 1995, the government of Pakistan established the Pakistan Software Export Board (PSEB), under the Ministry of Information Technology, to facilitate the development of the Pakistan software industry. In 2004, the PSEB launched the Industry Automation Program to tackle a significant challenge to the countrys economic growth. Most small and medium-sized enterprises (SME, had extremely low levels of IT adoption. Moreover, Pakistans software development companies were disconnected from this crucial economic sector. According to a study conducted in 2001-02, Pakistans small and medium-sized enterprises accounted for 80 percent of the countrys businesses, but only contributed 35 percent to GDP, says Shahzad Basir, project manager, Industry Automation Program, PSEB. The vast majority of these companies used paper-based processes, making it difficult to compete on a global level. Five industries were identified for this program: 1. garments and hosiery, 2. automotive parts and accessories, 3. textile processing, 4. surgical implements and 5. agriculture. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solutions were developed for each of the five industries by local ISVs and 15 small and mediumsize enterprises from each industry were chosen as pilots for these ERP solutions. Initially, these solutions were offered on open-source technologies; but to address the requests of the targeted customers, Microsoft signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the PSEB and participating software companies to migrate the ERP solutions to Microsoft platforms and technologies.

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Results
Successful MIC projects are not confined to Indonesia and Pakistan; the demand for similar services and initiatives is felt on a global level. In response, Microsoft expects that the number of MICs will expand to 200 in 85 countries by 2009.

The reason to discuss the above case study is that with the help of Microsoft innovation center in Pakistan, we become able to get the benefits with the new technology. It not only increase the growth of our economy but also increase the market share of Microsoft in Pakistan and aware the people with this new technology. It reduces the time of our customers and helps to satisfy them .So the main reason to discuss it is that it helps to aware our society about the Microsoft.

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BIZSPARK:
Microsoft Pakistan in collaboration with y y y Pakistan Software Houses Association (PASHA), Tech Angels Network (TAN), MIT Enterprise Forum and The Indus Entrepreneurs (TiE)

launched BizSpark, a program designed to give young companies a successful boost. The program targets early stage software startups, with resources including access to Microsoft platform software and development tools with no costs to be borne while entering the program. "BizSpark is a global program designed to help accelerate the success of entrepreneurs and early stage startups", said Naveed Bajwa, Developer & Platform Group Manager, Microsoft Pakistan. "It provides fast, easy access to full-featured Microsoft development tools and server products with no upfront costs and minimal eligibility requirements." With no costs to be borne while entering the program, BizSpark would provide new technology startups with easy access to full-featured development tools, platform technologies and production licenses for immediate use in developing and bringing to Pakistani market innovative and inter-operable solutions. Additionally the program will also provide start-ups with increased visibility to potential investors, clients, and partners by profiling their company in the online Startup directory.

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MICROSOFT FOCUSES ON SOFTWARE PRIVACY IN PAKISTAN (COLLABORATED WITH FIA):

Software Piracy and Copyright Infringement has long been a plague valuable revenue for the developers in the developing countries. Countries like Pakistan, India, China, Malaysia, Bangladesh etc have always been center of attention when it came to Piracy. Despite having big population numbers, Software developers have not concentrated on these potencies markets, which can be a source of great revenue for them if the markets are utilized properly, and some efforts are invested in eroding software piracy. Microsoft though has just started to focus on the Pakistani market, and as such they had jointly organized training session for Federal Investigation Agency to increase the awareness of Copy Right Infringement.

Training programme:
It is delivered by experts from Microsoft, was attended among others by representatives of all branches of FIA including crime circle wing, cyber crime wing. Corporate Attorney, Ant piracy Microsoft, Middle East and Africa, Dale Waterman, presided the session and said, The commitment of FIA in countering software piracy sends a very clear message to counterfeiters that Pakistani government is serious about stopping this form of criminality and are willing to protect their citizens from the harm caused by pirated as well as counterfeit software.

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Project on He said that currently, about eight out of 10 softwares being run on PCs were pirated. This resulted in huge losses not only to legitimate businesses but also to the national exchequer in terms of lost taxes and duties. FIA had a leading role in addressing this situation and Microsoft is keen for working with FIA to support them in delivering this commitment. Mir Zubair Mahmood, Director FIA Sindh, informed the participants of recent initiatives of FIA in countering crimes of piracy and counterfeit. In his comments, Mir Zubair said, In an environment, which is highly prone to counterfeit or pirated software, the local software companies are unable to compete on a level playing field. This lack of opportunity prevents them from competing in the international arena and attracting the much-required investments in our country.

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STATE OF TELECOM INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN:

Windows Mobile: Total Access, My Phone :
Published by Babar Bhatti on June 1, 2009 under Mobile Applications, Mobile Phones, Mobile Web, Smart Phones Microsoft announced My Phone beta has been opened to the public. This is a free service (requires data plan, obviously), which helps you with saving your phone data online including contacts. This comes as Windows mobile is pushing for more user adoption with Total Access and offers for more applications and tips to get more done.

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Microsoft My Phone account gives you 200 MB of free storage on the Microsoft My Phone web site. The default setting provides a daily sync of information but you can also back up your data manually at any time by selecting Sync in the Microsoft My Phone application on your phone.

Brand Struggle For Microsoft Of The World :

Published by Babar Bhatti on April 14, 2009 under Companies, Customer service, Information Technology, Search Just by putting the name up, people think its more relevant, he says, Although improving its search technology has been a top priority, Mr. Mehdi concedes that another big problem for Microsoft has been a confusing jumble of brand names for its search efforts. The companys search engine, available at Live.com, is called Live Search, though the brand is muddied by the plethor as Xbox Live and Windows Live.

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Getting Applications On Your Mobile Phone Through Mobile App Stores :

Published by Babar Bhatti on March 12, 2009 under Android, Mobile Applications, Telecommunications It used to be that mobile network operators had a strict control over what applications can be there on your phone. Yes, the phone handset for which you paid and you keep paying every month for service. This model was painful for developers and consumers alike. And then iPhone came along with its App Store..

Here are some choices available today:

y y y y

Apple s App Store Nokia s Ovi store Android Application store (recent) Microsoft (upcoming)

Among companies announcing new online stores at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona were Nokia, Microsoft, French wireless carrier Orange, and Germanys Deutsche Telekom. Theyll sell everything from simple applications that tell you the weather to more complex navigation software to help you find your way. On iPhone the most popular price is $0.99.

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Windows Mobile 6.5 Is Finally Announced :

Published by Babar Bhatti on February 19, 2009 under Competitive Trends, Smart Phones

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Microsoft also announced a few companions - windows marketplace, my phone backup service and partnership with LG. I look at the windows mobile journey versus the iphone.

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Future Vision:
y Categories

At TechEd 2008,
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Bill discusses the future of application development and the advances in software and hardware creating new opportunities for developers.
June 3, 2008

Everything will react to everything. Microsoft nicely shows how everything responds to touch. But in 2020 itll go a step further. Screens will react to your position, y y y to what you say to how you look how you move
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Project on y and even how you smell.

Thats only very limitedly shown in a different direction. Watch Envisioning Videos to see how technology may transform our lives in the years ahead. Thin and transparent touch screens which communicates with objects and devices. You can test the Touchless feature which is a free open-source kit for developers to create multi-touch based applications using a webcam for input.

CATEGORIES
y y y y Exchange 2007 Exchange 2010 Hardware device KB articles

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Exchange 2007
Microsoft Exchange Server 2010 brings a new and rich set of technologies, features, and services to the Exchange Server product line. This topic lists many of the new features and functionality that are included in Exchange 2010. The list isnt comprehensive; however, it provides important information to use when youre planning, deploying, and administering your Exchange 2010 organization: y y y New Rights-Protected E-Mail Functionality with Active Directory RMS New Transport and Routing Functionality New Permissions Functionality

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Project on y y y y y y y y New High Availability Functionality New Messaging Policy and Compliance Features New Outlook Web Access Features New Unified Messaging Features Web Management Interface New Exchange Core Store Functionality New Administration Functionality in the Exchange Management Console New Administration Functionally in the exchange management shell.

Exchange 2010
Adam Glick from Microsoft demonstrates the newest Exchange 2010 features for Windows Mobile 6.1/6.5 : y y y y conversation view. ignore/move conversation. voice mail preview voice to text

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Project on y y y y get free/busy allow/block/quarantine phone list new reporting Windows Mobile OS automatic update.

Hardware devices
Use asterisk like a UPD/TCP translator between OCS and a SIP trunking services in UDP mode. y y make calls from Microsoft Office Communicator to the sip trunk dial from a external mobile or a PSTN phone trough the sip trunk and answer the call on either a hard or soft phone or Office

Communicator. y control forwarding and simultaneous ringing options from the Communicator.

KB articles
Microsoft has released a critical security update for all versions of Exchange to patch a two critical vulnerabilities : y The first vulnerability could allow remote code execution with a special TNEF message sent to Exchange Server. TNEF is another name for the Microsoft Outlook Rich Text Format, and an attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could take complete control of system with Exchange Server service account privileges. y The second vulnerability is a denial of service with a specially crafted MAPI command sent to Exchange Server. An attacker who
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Project on successfully exploited this vulnerability could cause the Microsoft Exchange System Attendant service and other services that use the EMSMDB32 provider to stop responding.

Office communication server

According to the IEEE: It is typically encompasses unified messaging, collaboration and interaction systems. These systems also typically enable real-time and near real-time communications. Moreover, mixed media (voice, e-mail, fax, etc.) can be accessed from a single application, independent of the access device.

SaaS
Use this tool from Microsoft to compare the cost of your own infrastructure with the cost of hosted services with the same number of users.

Security
Unified Communications has become a powerful mainstream business resource, permitting rapid and cost-effective communication between internal and external staff alike. But, along with improved productivity, the use of Unified Communications software such as Microsoft Office Communications Server (OCS) has brought with it a new range of security threats that few conventional IT security products can completely counter.

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Training and certification

Installation steps : y y y y y Add a mediation server to the OCS infrastructure Add an asterisk server Configure Mediation server to use the asterisk box Resolve NAT problem (if needed) Create two SIP trunks : o Asterisk to OCS o Asterisk to SIP Trunk service y y y Define the context used by this trunks Configure follow me Test the infrastructure

Basic Schema

OCS R2

Mediation

Asterisk

Firewall

SIPTrunk

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MTLS

TCP

UDP

NAT

UDP

Podcast
An integral part of the voice capability enabled in Microsoft Office Communications Server 2007 is the device being used for audio communication. In this webcast, we provide an overview of the three audio devices being developed for Communications Server 2007 to meet the key needs of information workers: an IP telephony device, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) peripheral, and a wireless headset. We also discuss the user experience with each of the audio devices and how the devices integrate with the Communications Server 2007 infrastructure. Original Broadcast Date: Thursday, June 28, 2007

Virtual Labs
After completing this lab you will be better able to: 1) Understand the sequence of operations required to build a broadcast IM service; 2) Create and work with connection manager and endpoint objects; 3) Create and dispose of session objects; 4) Use sessions to send messages

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Project on directly to recipients; 5) Understand the sequence of operations required to build an Automated IM; 6) Understand how to use and register server-based endpoints for use with Microsoft Office Communications Server 2007; 7) Understand how to publish presence for Unified Communications Managed API (UCMA)-based applications.

Video communications
Watch Envisioning Videos to see how technology may transform our lives in the years ahead. Thin and transparent touch screens which communicates with objects and devices. Exchange 2010 Unified Messaging is Microsofts second generation unified messaging and voice mail solution.

Whitepapers
Whitepaper for the launch event : y y Office Communications Server 2007 R2 Quick Reference for Communications Server 2007 R2 Attendant Microsoft Office Communications Server 2007 R2 Attendant Deployment Guide

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Glossary A to Z

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A
Administration:
y In business, administration consists of the performance or management of business operations and thus the making or implementing of major objectives.

Automatic:
y Operating with minimal human intervention; independent of external control.

Asterisk:
y An 'asterisk (*) is a typographical symbol or glyph. It is so called because it resembles a conventional image of a star.

Access:
y Means of entering.

Advanced:
y Not yet generally accepted.

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B
Best seller:
y y A fairly ambiguous term that will be applied by a publisher to just about any book that makes a profit. A book or other product that has sold in large number.

Broadcast:
y Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and/or video signals which transmit programs to an audience. The audience may be the general public or a relatively large sub-audience, such as children or young adults.

Brand:
y Trade name: a name given to a product or service

Balance sheet:
y In financial accounting, a balance sheet or statement of financial position is a summary of a person's or organization's balances. Assets, liabilities and ownership equity are listed as of a specific date, such as the end of its financial year.

Bug:
y A fault or defect in a computer program, system, or machine.

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Branch:
y Anything regarded as an extension of and managed from a central part.

C
Collaboration:
y Collaboration is a recursive process where two or more people or organizations work together intersection of common goals.

Constructiveness:
y The characteristic of being constructive; creativity, the capacity to invent.

Corporation:
y A corporation is a legal entity separate from the persons that form it. In British tradition it is the term designating a body corporate, where it can be either a corporation sole (an office held by an individual natural person, which is a legal entity separate from that person) or a corporation.

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Criticism:
y Disapproval expressed by pointing out faults or shortcomings.

Communication:
y Something that is communicated transferred by or to or between people or groups.

Commitment:
y The act of binding yourself (intellectually or emotionally) to a course of action.

Comprehensiveness:
y Completeness over a broad scope in an all-inclusive manner.

Configure:
y To set up or arrange something in such a way that it is ready for operation for a particular purpose, or to someone's particular liking.

Consumer:
y Consumer is a broad label that refers to any individuals or households that use goods and services generated within the economy. The concept of a consumer is used in different contexts, so that the usage and significance of the term may vary.

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D
Deploy:
y To unfold, open, or otherwise become ready for use; to install, test and implement a computer system or application.

Directory:
y A listing of the files stored in memory (usually on a hard disk).

Dominate:
y Overshadow: be greater in significance than.

Development:
y New stage which is the result of developing.

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E
Erosion:
y A gradual decline of something;

Envision:
y Envision means to conceive or see something within one's mind; to imagine.

Entertainment:
y Entertainment is an activity designed to give people a diversion.

Edition:
y All of the identical copies of something offered to the public at the same time.

Enrolment:
y Registration: the act of enrolling.

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F
Facilitate:
y The act of assisting or making easier an action, activity, event, process, or phenomenon.

Faculty:
y Power of mind.

G
Growth:
y A progression from simpler to more complex forms.

Global level:
y Worldwide level.

Group:
y Number of persons or things going together.
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H
Hardware:
y The mechanical, magnetic, electronic, and electrical components making up a computer system.

Hacking:
y Chop, cut with a hacking tool .In computing, a hacker is a person in one of several distinct (but not completely disjoint) communities and subcultures.

Hosiery:
y Hosiery is knitted coverings for the legs and feet. Also referred to as legwear, hosiery describes garments worn directly on the feet and legs.

Hourly:
y Every hour in a day.

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I
Interpreter:
y In computer science, an interpreter normally means a computer program that executes, i.e. performs, instructions written in a programming language.

Infrastructure :
y Infrastructure can be defined as the basic physical and organisational structures needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.

Income statement:
y Income statement, also called profit and loss statement (P&L) and Statement of Operations, is a company's financial statement that indicates how the revenue (money received from the sale of products and services before expenses are taken out.

Initiative:
y First step: the first of a series of actions.

Incorporation:
y Consolidating two or more things; union in (or into) one body.

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Integral:
y Built-in: existing as an essential constituent or characteristic.

Innovation:
y Invention: a creation (a new device or process) resulting from study and experimentation.

Illustrate:
y Exemplify: clarify by giving an example.

IPO (Initial Public Offering):

y A process of taking a private company to public by offering the shares of the company to the public market via a stock exchange.

Interact:
y Act together or towards others or with others.

L
Legitimate:
y Justifiable- that can be justified.
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M
Multinational:
y A multinational company; of, or involving more than two countries; operating, or having subsidiary companies in multiple countries (especially more than two).

Mission:
y A special assignment that is given to a person or group.

Mediation:
y y A negotiation to resolve differences that is conducted by some impartial party The act of intervening for the purpose of bringing about a settlement.

Muddy:
y That which is unclear.

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N
Network:
y A communication system consisting of a group of broadcasting stations that all transmit the same programs.

Necessary:
y Needful- that which is required.

O
Operating system:
y Operating system (commonly abbreviated to OS, O/S or kernel ) is an interface between hardware and software in a computer system. The OS is responsible for the management and coordination of activities and the sharing of the limited resources of the computer.

Overwhelmingly:
y Very intense, incapable of being resisted.
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Opportunities:
y

External conditions that are helpful to achieving the objective.

P
Productiveness:
y The quality of being productive or having the power to produce.

Peripheral:
y Electronic equipment connected by cable to the CPU of a computer; "disk drives and printers are important peripherals.

Platform:
y The combination of a particular computer and a particular operating system.

Permit:
y Consent to, give permission.

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Passion:
y A strong feeling or emotion.

Perimeter network:
y A perimeter network is the network closest to a router that is not under your control.

Q
Quantity:
y Quantity is a kind of property which exists as magnitude or multitude. It is among the basic classes of things along with quality, substance, change, and relation.

Quality:
y A degree or grade of excellence or worth.

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R
Relevant:
y Having a bearing on or connection with the subject at issue.

Revenue:
y The entire amount of income before any deductions are made.

S
Skeptical:
y y Marked by or given to doubt; questioning: a skeptical attitude; skeptical of political promises. Relating to or characteristic of skeptics or skepticism.

Size:
y The dimensions of a sheet of paper or other printable media.

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Source:
y The paper tray from which the paper, or other print media, will be loaded for printing.

Style:
y Font variations in a font family such as Bold and Italic.

Symbol:
y A category of fonts where the characters are graphic symbols rather than AlphaNumeric characters.

Stock price:
y A share price is the price of a single share of a no. of saleable stocks of the company.

Survey:
y A particular view; an examination, especially an official examination, of all the parts or particulars of a thing, with a design to ascertain the condition.

Server:
y y A server is any combination of hardware or software designed to provide services to clients. A computer or a program which provides services to other programs or users.

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Simultaneous:
y At the same instant. coincident: occurring or operating at the same time; "a series of coincident events".

Strategy:
y A strategy is a plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal.

Service:
y Work done by one person or group that benefits another.

Startup:
y The act of setting in operation; "repeated shutdowns and startups are expensive" inauguration: the act of starting a new operation or practice.

Struggle:
y An energetic attempt to achieve something.

Strive for:
y An effortful attempt to attain a goal.

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SME:
(Small and Medium Enterprises) y According to the European Commission definition, Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are those businesses which employ fewer than 250 persons and which have an annual turnover not exceeding EUR 50 million, and/or an annual balance sheet total not exceeding EUR 43 million.

T
Technonolgy:
y The discipline dealing with the art or science of applying scientific knowledge to practical problems.

Tact:
y Consideration in dealing with others and avoiding giving offense.

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U
Unified messaging:
y Unified messaging, also known as unified messaging systems and UMS, enables a user to access voice, fax, and text messages via one single email or more.

Universal:
y Adapted to various purposes, sizes, forms, operations.

V
Vision:
y y A vivid mental image. The formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses.

Violation:
y An act that disregards an agreement or a right.
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W
Webcam:
y A digital camera designed to take digital photographs and transmit them over the internet.

Web site:
y A collection of pages on the World Wide Web that are accessible from the same URL and typically residing on the same server.

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Web Base Reference:

www.microsoft.com www.google.com www.mywebserver.com www.wikipedia.com www.thinkexist.com

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[Type sidebar content. A sidebar is a standalone supplement to the main document. It is often aligned on the left or right of the page, or located at the top or bottom. Use the Text Box Tools tab to change the formatting of the sidebar text box. Type sidebar content. A sidebar is a standalone supplement to the main document. It is often aligned on the left or right of the page, or located at the top or bottom. Use the Text Box Tools tab to change the formatting of the sidebar text box.]

Index

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A
Acknowledgement.. About Microsoft...................... III 1

B
Business Software... Bizspark... 12 60

C
Corporate Messaging software market numbers. Case study. Categories for Future Vision 29 57 70

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D
Dedication . Design and User Experience.. Developer Tools. II 12 12

E
Executive Summary Entertainment. Exchange 2007... Exchange 2010... IV 13 71 72

F
Future Vision.. 67

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G
Glossary.. 77

H
History Hardware Home and Educational Software Hardware devices 3 13 13 72

I
Introduction... IT Drivers Global Economic growth. 2 41

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K
KB articles.. 73

L
Letter of Transmittal... I

M
Mission.... Microsoft Overview ....... Most Popular... Macintosh Mobile Devices and Software. Microsoft Windows Microsoft Office. Market share... 7 9 12 13 14 15 18 23

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Messaging Software for service Providers Market Numbers. MS Exchange Growth in Service Provider Market,2001-09.. Microsoft Windows Market Share of Microsoft in Pakistan.. Microsoft in Pakistan.. Microsoft Pakistan Team 38 40 42 53 54 35

N
Net Profit Margin 48

O
Office communication server. 73

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P
Programs and Initiatives. Products. Pakistan Telecom industry mobile firms Pakistan Consumer internet Marketing Report for 2008 Podcast... 44 75 8 11 43

R
Return on Assets Return on Equity 49 51

S
Server . Software privacy in Pakistan.. 14 61

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T
Top 5 Best Products of Microsoft... Top 5 Worst Products of Microsoft. Total Profitability... Training and certification... 20 20 46 74

V
Vision and strategy. Virtual labs. Video conference 6 76 76

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W
World Vision.. Worldwide E-mail Statistics... Whitepapers Web base reference. 21 24 76 98

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I studied everything but never topped, But Today the toppers of best universities of the world are my employees.

Bill Gates

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