1

Submitted To: Sir Saeed A. Choudhary

Submitted By:

Table OF Contents

Sr. No 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Dedication Acknowledge

Particulars

Page No. 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 14 14 14 24 25 27 35 37 38 40 42

Message from the Group Leader Multan Division Office Of The divisional Superintendent Multan Divisional Account Office Pakistan Railway Multan Introduction of Pakistan Railway Mission Statement Vision Statement History of Pakistan Railway Objective of the Railway Board Past Performance of Pakistan Railway Divisions & Stations of Pakistan Railway Functions of the Railway Department Organizational Chart Budget of Pakistan Railway List of Main Revenues Expenditures of the Railway Department

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

List of Books Of accounts Budget Making Authority Assets of Pakistan Railway Method of Purchasing of Assets Method of Recording Assets Disposal of Assets Pakistan Locomotive Factory Risalpur Audit of Accounts Audit Report Salaries of Staff Cash Handling Authority Petty Cash Stores and Spares New Accounting Model (NAM) Adoption Suggestions and Recommendations

45 45 45 45 46 46 46 47 48 53 55 55 55 56-81 82

Acknowledgement

In the name of Allah the praiseworthy, the passionate whose blessings made it possible for us to complete this complex task. It is a matter of great Pleasure and enthusiasm for us to complete our project. It is all because of Almighty Allahs great guidance that made us do that. We are especially thankful to our respected Teacher Mr. Saeed A. Choudhary who provided us an opportunity to prepare this Project report and encouraged us. It was not possible without the guidance he provided to us, to complete this project.

INTRODUCTION OF PAKISTAN RAILWAY:

When developed countries like France and China successfully have launched world latest and fastest trains having an average speed of 350 km/h, Pakistan Railways could not make double track for its express trains even after 62 years on the back of mismanagement, lack of vision and shortage of funds. The existing track, bridges and crossings across the country are in a dilapidated condition. Even in India, passenger trains have average speed between 100 km/h to 140 km/h on various sections facilities more than Pakistan Railways offers. In Pakistan, railway accident occurrences have become routine of life in which Railways not only get immense loss in terms of credibility and revenue but country also lose valuable lives of innocent passengers. Recent Railways accident in which Jaffer Express rammed into a van at Mian Channu killing at least 13 innocent school children would not be faded away from people memories. The pity is that even after 62 years, Pakistan Railways could not be innovate itself at international level. Conversely, safety measures and travel facilities for commuters are on the decline trend. The book written by Syed Zahoor Ahmed offers glimpses of 18 major accidents of Railways during the period from 1942 to 1998. The author of the book, who participated in many seminars and training courses within country and abroad, is probably a well-known Railway man as he represented Railways on TV shows. Mark Telly interviewed him when he was making documentary on Pakistan Railways for BBC. The book revealed that ever since the first locomotive engine started rolling on track, the question of its safety has been paramount in the minds of all stakeholders including railway men and passengers across the world. However, with the passage of time and after getting valuable experience, a system of

safety

double-checks

has

come

into

place

as

part

of

standard

operating

procedure.

Every railway system has a series of safety operating procedures, which make sure that an accident should not take place. During current electronic age, excellent safety checks had been introduced for the safety of commuters.

Mission Statement:
To provide a safe reliable, modern, efficient and cost effective infrastructure to its customers: to contribute in building the economy of Pakistan and to look after the welfare of its employees.

Vision Statement:
Increasing share in freight and passenger market. Restoring confidence of the passenger and trading community. Development of human resource need base coupled with improvement and development of Encourage private sector in public private partnership, both for development of infrastructure and Diversify all its non-core activities to make them self- sustainable units.

management, infrastructure and rolling stock. train operations.

History of Railway:
History of Pakistan Railways: Pakistan Railways provides an important mode of Transportation in the farthest corners of the country and brings them closer for Business, sight seeing, pilgrimage and education. It has been a great integrating force and forms the life line of the country by catering to its needs for large scale movement of people and freight. The possibility of Karachi as a sea port was first noticed in the mid of 19th century and Sir Henry Edward Frere who was appointed Commissioner of Sindh after its annexation with Bombay in 1847 sought permission from Lord Dalhousie to begin survey of sea port. He also initiated the survey for Railway line in 1858 . It was proposed that a railway line

from Karachi City to Kotri, steam navigation up the Indus /Chenab up to Multan and from there an other railway to Lahore and beyond be constructed. It was on 13th May,1861 that first railway line was opened for public traffic between Karachi City and Kotri, the distance of 105 miles. The line between Karachi City and Keamari was opened on 16.6.1889.By 1897 the line from Keamari to Kotri was doubled. The railway line from Peshawar to Karachi closely follows Alexanders line of March through the HinduKush to the sea. Different sections on existing main line from Peshawar to Lahore and Multan branch lines were constructed in the last quarter of 19th century and early years of 20th century. The 4 sections i.e.Scinde railways, Indian Flotilla company Punjab railway and Delhi railways working in a single company were later on amalgamated into Scinde, Punjab & Delhi railways company and was purchased by the Secretary of State for India in 1885 and in January, 1886 it was named North Western State Railways which was later on renamed as North Western Railways. At the time of partition, North Western Railways 1847 route mile was transferred to India leaving route miles 5048 to Pakistan. In 1954 The railway line was extended to Mardan and Charsada section and in 1956 Jacababad-Kashmore 2-6 line was converted into broad gauge. Kot Adu-Kashmore line was constructed between 1969 to 1973 providing an alternate route from Karachi to up country. The first railway line was laid in the in the areas that now comprise Pakistan in the year 1858 in Karachi. Following is the story of this historical event as well as the construction of first railway section of Pakistan which was opened between Karachi City and Kotri in 1861. Following photo is kind of jumping the gun in our story but it is the earliest photo of railways that I could research for Karachi-Kotri section. The photo is circa 1900 and shows the 530 a.m. passenger train reaching Frere Road Station (now called Karachi Cantt) from Kotri.

10

The origin of Railways in Pakistan is quite unusual. The railway here was not built for commercial passenger service but more for the reason of cutting transport time for cargo bound for East. The first line from Karachi to Kotri was constructed primarily to reduce the journey time on the final stage of long haul from Britain to Delhi and Calcutta. Many of the later lines were built for Military purposes.

The Early Planning:

The Railway planning in the areas that comprise Pakistan got an official status when Lord Dalhousie, Governer General of India, gave his approval for laying a 108 miles (173 km) long railway line between Karachi and Kotri in December, 1853 .

The Ground Breaking of the First Railway Project:

Sir Bartle Frere, who was the then Commissioner of Scinde (Sindh) did the ground breaking of the project on April 29, 1858. The ceremony included him pushing a wheel-barrow full of construction material at the site of a railway embankment in Karachi.

11

I can say for sure that first Railway Track in Pakistan was thus laid somewhere between April, 1858 and December, 1859. This is a 16 month long time period but I am unable to research the exact date or a time window any shorter than this. In 1859, two small stretches of Railway Line were opened in Karachi. One of this track sections still exists while the other one has been uprooted.

The First Operational Railway Track:

The First section, which exists to date, ran from the then Karachi port of Kimari to Railway Workshops which were located near the present day kala pul just north of Karachi Cantt Station. See the map of Karachi from 1893. Find Kimari here which was an island in 1893. From Kimari follow the solid black line towards the green rectangle (now Karachi Cantt Station) and onwards to violet rectangle (which was once the Railway Workshop). The precise location of this Railway Workshop, which is not present today is unknown to me. There are two routes shown between Kimari and Karachi cantt. I will request you to consider the lower one, the one which bypasses the blue rectangle. This was the first ever piece of railway track built in Karachi (and Pakistan) I will also request you to click on the following map to open a much larger and better readable map image.

The Second Operational Railway Track:

The Second Track which became operational in Karachi started from the Railways Workshop near present-day kala pul and went east-wards to Gizri bandar (harbor) located in Gizri Creek. This track and the Railway Workshop is not present anymore but my strong guess is the track ran parallel to present-day Korangi Road until it reached Gizri Creek (near Present Day Marina Club in Defense Housing Society). Any confirmation here from our learned readers will be highly appreciated. This following map shows the location of these very first stretches of Railway Lines which were built in Pakistan. Note the location of present day Kimari, Karachi City Station, Karachi Cantt Station and Ghizree (Gizri) Creek marked on the map. Also note how the English spellings of these places have evolved over time. Following is the satellite image of present day Karachi with superimposed colored lines to show the two sections which became operational in 1859. While the green track is still operational, the history that I have researched so far is silent on when was the yellow track uprooted and what was its exact route.

Challenges Faced During the Construction:

12

As the construction on Karachi - Kotri section began, the engineers had to face extreme problems which do not exist today. There were no motor trucks, cars or trolleys in those days. Boats and bullock carts had to be used for the transport of rails. Whenever the chief engineer wanted to go on inspections, a whole congregation had to go with him including men, tents and camels. The average distance they could cover was no more than 15 km a day. Little confidence was reposed in the local people and the British officers moved about armed. The chief engineer John Brunton always carried a brace of loaded revolvers in his belt and a sword by his side. The contractor, by the name of Brav, got a lot of trouble. He ran away after 12 months leaving 12000 workmen unpaid.

Cost of Karachi Kotri Railway Section in 1861

All the problems listed above kept raising the cost of Karachi - Kotri railway line and when the project was complete the cost of this railway line came out to Rupees 250,000 per mile. Imagine this cost 148 years ago! The project was finally completed in 3 years and the 173 km long Karachi-Kotri section was opened for rail traffic on May 13, 1861 Today, the Karachi-Kotri portion of railway line is still one of the fastest speed track in Pakistan with passenger train speeds reaching 120 kmph. This portion of railway line also holds the distinction of having the biggest railway yard in Pakistan with 80 railway tracks running parallel to each other near Pakistan Steel Mills. The gradient on some portion of the KarachiKotri track is 1 in 200 feet. The curves are no sharper than 43 chains radius.

Objectives of Pakistan Railway:

To survey, plan, construct, renew and maintain railway lines, yards, stations, colonies, factories including signalling and telecommunication works, electrification and water supply etc.

To manufacture, buy, sell and repair all types of rolling stock, plant, machinery tools etc. To undertake engineering projects other than above including construction of steel/concrete

bridges, flyovers, overheads, underground mass transit railways.

13

To carry on other business related to the foregoing including dealing in property, negotiable To ensure more comfortable journey it has been decided to manufacture only lower class airconditioned coaches in future. All second class coaches are being provided with cushioned seats. Reservation work has been computerized on modern lines at Lahore and Karachi stations; the system's two major reservation centres. Computerization of reservation offices of Peshawar, Rawalpindi, Faisalabad, Multan and Hyderabad is in progress and is likely to be commissioned shortly. The steps are now underway to link these stations with other major railway stations. Closed circuit televisions have been introduced at Lahore, Karachi, Multan and Faisalabad railway stations. This entertainment is being extended to Sukkur, Rawalpindi and Peshawar stations in the next phase. Subak Kharam and Shalimar trains have also been provided with closed circuit televisions and this system is being provided in Subak Raftar also. Public address system is being provided in Subak Raftar, Subak Kharam, Tezgam and Khyber Mail trains. Modernization of Karachi, Quetta, Hyderabad, Multan, Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi and Peshawar Railway stations, removal of hindrances on railway platforms and upgradation of approach roads are being carried out. Private Sector is being encouraged to participate in the activities of the system. As a first step, ticket selling and ticket checking on Lahore-Faisalabad and Lahore-Narowal-Sialkot Sections have been privatized. Feasibility study for a high-speed track is in hand.

instruments etc.

To survey, plan, construct, renew and maintain railway lines, yards, stations, colonies, factories including signalling and telecommunication works, electrification and water supply etc. To manufacture, buy, sell and repair all types of rolling stock, plant, machinery tools etc.

To undertake engineering projects other than above including construction of steel/concrete bridges, flyovers, overheads, underground mass transit railways. To carry on other business related to the foregoing including dealing in property, negotiable instruments etc.

Divisional Distribution of Pakistan Railway:

14

Pakistan railway is distributed on divisional basis. Following are the divisions on which the Pakistan railway is distributed. Karachi Sakhar Lahore Rawalpindi Quetta Peshawar Multan

;Functions of the Railway Division

Currently Pakistan Railways functions under the guidance of Ministry of Railways. The Railway Board comprises the Chairman and four Members. The Chairman of the Board is ex-officio Secretary to the Government of Pakistan. The four member of the board, namely Member Traffic, Member Mechanical Engineering, Member Civil Engineering and Member Finance are ex-officio Additional Secretary to the Government of Pakistan. The Railway Board functions as a policy, planning and review Board. In order to make Pakistan Railways a more efficient and viable organization by following business led approach, a setup of Pakistan Railways has been developed and wide powers are vested in the Board of effectively supervise the running of the six functional units as follows: a. Railways Operational Units. b. Production Unit-I (Carriage factory/Islamabad, Automatic Vehicle Launching Bride Section, Steel Shops etc). c. Production Unit-II (Locomotive Factory, Risalpur, Locomotive Rehabilitation Project). d. Production Unit-III (Concrete Sleeper Factories, Flash butt Welding Plant, Sukkur, etc.) e. RAILCOP (Railway Construction Company, Pakistan Ltd.) f. PRACS (Pakistan Railway Advisory and Constancy Services Ltd.)

15

ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
Divisional Superintendent

Deputy Divisional Superintendent

Medical Superintendent

Divisional Divisional Divisional Divisional Divisional Personal Engineer I Engineer II Engineer III Transportation Officer Officer

Divisional Divisional Divisional Divisional Divisional Commercial Medical Signaling Telecom ACCOUNT Divisional OFFICER Account Officer Engineer Engineer Engineer Officer

Divisional Assistant Divisional Medical Officer Electrical Engineer Power

Divisional Assistant Electrical Engineer Railway Train Lighting

Divisional Assistant Deputy Director Electrical Engineer Property and Superintendent Railway Electric Traction Land Police

16

Pakistan Railways has about 90,000 employees consisting of staff and officers as of 2008). 71% of the total employees are working in Civil, Mechanical and Transportation departments. All the hierarchy positions are held by graduate Engineers.

Budget of Pakistan Railway:

The federal government has allocated Rs12.681 billion for the Pakistan Railways in the national budget for the year 2009-2010.Compared to previous years allocation of Rs11.280 billion and increase of Rs1.4 billion has been made in the next years budget for the Pakistan Railways. f the total allocation Rs1 billion have been earmarked for track rehabilitation plan, Rs180 million for procurement of 69 new locomotives, Rs62 million for procurement of 1300 high-capacity wagons and Rs270 million doubling of track on Lodhran-Khanewal section via loop section. A sum of Rs 1.594 billion has been allocated for initiating work on doubling of rail track from Khanewal to Raiwind while Rs1.4 billion have been earmarked for procurement /manufacture of 1000 high capacity wagons. For strengthening and rehabilitation of 159 bridges all over the country an amount of Rs250 million has been allocated. An amount of Rs2.832 billion has been sanctioned for the ongoing work of repairing the Railway assets damaged during riots in December 2007 after the assassination of Benazir Bhutto. The PR received foreign loan of Rs4.914 billion for this purpose during the year 2008-2009. Out of this amount Rs1.060 billion have been spent on this project till June 2009.The government has approved only 8 new schemes to be initiated during the current fiscal year under Annual Development Plan for which Rs1.500 billion have been approved during the current fiscal year. These include construction of new D class railway station at New Multan City (Southern Punjab) for which Rs39.800 million have been sanctioned. For feasibility of 10 damaged bridges on Sibi-Khost section Rs15 million, for procurement of 202 Railway coaches Rs200 million, for establishment of Karachi Circular Railway Rs750 million while for establishment of Inland Container Terminal (ICT) Dry Port near Shershah Railway Station Rs433 million would be spent during the current year. Small allocations have also been made for renovation/improvement of Khudian Khas, Usmanwala and Kanganpur Railway Stations (Rs37 million), renovation/repair of Lansdowne Bridge on RohriJacobabad section Sukkur (Rs25 million) and Rs1 million for track signaling project. These 8 new schemes would be initiated from the Railways own resources.

17

BUDGET ALLOCATION DURING JULY 2009 APRIL 2010

Budget Head 2009 2010 (1) Genl. Admin Repair & Maintenance Operating Expenses Other Revenue Expenses Imp. & Welfare Exp. Total 294.182 1441.380 620.275 621.610 46.348 3023.795

Proportionate Budget Upto Apr 2010 (2) 245.152 1201.150 516.896 518.008 38.623 2519.829

Expenses Upto Apr, 2010 (3) 265.093 922.889 498.852 598.913 5.879 2291.628

Variation (-) Saving (+) Excess (3-2) 19.942 (-)278.261 (-)18.043 80.905 (-)32.744 (-)228.202

List of Main Revenues:

18

COMPARATIVE CUMULATIVE EARNING JULY 2009 - APRIL 2010

Earning (Rs. In Million) Traffic Head Current Last Budget Current V/S Last (-)38.348 2.9% 0.227 0.4% 21.543 6.5% 16.983 13.8% 0.405 0.02%

Variation Current V/S Budget (-)125.974 8.8% (-)42.668 41.7% 0.121 0.03% 86.292 161.3% (-)82.229 4.3%

Passenger Other Coaching Goods Sundry Total

1298.192 59.760 352.657 139.795 1850.404

1336.540 59.533 331.114 122.812 1849.999

1424.166 102.428 352.536 53.503 1932.633

COMPARATIVE COMMODITIWISE LOADING AND EARNING JULY 2009 APRIL 2010

Commodity Loading (Wagons) Earning (Rs. In million)

19

Current H.S.D Oil Military Stores Patha Leaves Cement Cargo RMC Fertilizer Wheat Misc. Total 9426 625 221 1472 910 5414 53 113 11 18245

Last 9097 659 197 546 1731 7165 781 220 56 20452

Variation 329 -34 24 926 -821 -1751 -728 -107 -45 -2207

Current 524.062 12.027 1.529 29.633 13.661 68.124 1.219 2.293 0.109 652.657

Last 199.090 10.811 1.266 9.439 18.781 77.158 9.450 4.731 0.388 331.114

Variation 324.972 1.216 0.263 20.194 -5.12 -9.034 -8.231 -2.438 -0.279 321.543

20

EXPENSES OF RAILWAY: ADDITIONAL SCHEDULE OF WORKING EXPENSES OF REVENUE EXPENDITURE

MULTAN DIVISION
April, 2010. DEMAND-1 GENL: ADMN: HEAD OF ACCOUNT FOR THE MONTH PAY 1.354 1.629 0.101 0.000 0.538 0.566 0.663 0.644 0.832 0.674 5.401 12.403 ALLOW 1.144 1.046 0.072 0.000 0.492 0.367 0.470 0.468 0.760 0.516 5.259 10.595 T.A 0.121 0.356 0.116 0.002 0.022 0.044 0.202 0.489 0.109 0.007 1.359 2.827 OTHER 1.119 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.025 0.420 0.476 2.041 TOTAL 3.739 3.031 0.289 0.002 1.052 0.977 1.335 1.601 1.726 1.619 12.495 27.866 STORE 0.040 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.040 TOTAL 3.780 3.031 0.289 0.002 1.052 0.977 1.335 1.601 1.726 1.619 12.495 27.906 UP-TO DATE PAY 13.341 16.220 1.403 0.002 6.049 5.310 7.169 5.660 8.561 7.059 53.615 124.390 ALLOW 11.170 10.459 0.783 0.002 5.100 3.407 4.334 4.101 9.223 5.410 52.227 106.217 T.A 0.411 1.432 0.273 0.059 0.249 0.414 0.846 0.896 0.330 0.031 6.857 11.795 OTHER 15.884 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.097 3.916 2.329 22.226 TOTAL 40.806 28.111 2.459 0.064 11.398 9.131 12.349 10.657 18.211 16.415 115.028 264.628 STORE 0.174 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.174 TOTAL 40.980 28.111 2.459 0.064 11.398 9.131 12.349 10.657 18.211 16.415 115.028 264.802

Administration
Civil Engineering Locomotive Carriage & Wagon Traffic Electrical Signal Telelcom Accounts Medical Police Total

MISC EXPENSES 2
Law Charges Compensation Civil Defence Othe than Civil Defence 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.315 0.000 0.000 0.614 0.315 0.000 0.000 0.614 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.315 0.000 0.000 0.614 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.545 0.084 0.000 0.441 0.545 0.084 0.000 0.441 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.545 0.084 0.000 0.441

21

Total =2 Total = (1+2)

0.000 12.403

0.000 10.595

0.000 2.827

0.929 2.970

0.929 28.795

0.000 0.040

0.929 28.835

0.000 124.390

0.000 106.217

0.000 11.795

1.070 23.296

1.070 265.699

0.000 0.174

1.070 265.873

MISC. ADVANCE 3
Debit to Misc. Advane Credit to Misc. Advance Net 3 R. Loan 0.000 0.000 0.000 & 0.000 12.403 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 10.595 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.827 4.422 2.130 2.293 1.641 6.904 4.422 2.130 2.293 1.641 32.729 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.040 4.422 2.130 2.293 1.641 32.769 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 124.390 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 106.217 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 11.795 24.599 23.362 1.237 -2.017 22.517 24.599 23.362 1.237 -2.017 264.919 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.174 24.599 23.362 1.237 -2.017 265.093

Advances Grand Total= (1+2+3)

22

SUMMARY OF WORKING EPENSES DURING THE YEAR 2008-09 (June Final) DAO/PAKISTAN RAILWAYS, MULTAN
A Maintenance of Structural Works BB Mainenance Diesel Locomotive Power 4093760 80916074 67812038 9714656 971525961 178797336 30050017 89100 111120189 392803257 11082583 408231893 207261508 875332 875332 60954323 127668041 80402305 C Maintenan ce Wagon Staff 64998 4346053 207261508 10832664 55881054 27082708367 8 53318627 286222406 1226278853 490665312 81840662 875332 2085882565 E F Maintenance Departments G Misc e H Expenditure Department ST Expenses & Total Telecom

of Expenditure Department

Carriage & of

Traffic of

General Expenditur

of Electrical Signal

32539745 938986216

23

Who make the budget?

Ministries of railway Islamabad make the budget of the Railway.

Who is the budget Authorities?

Two authorities are involved in the railway budget. These are as under; 1. GM budget 2. FA & CAO (Financial Advisor & Chief Account Officer)

How Much the Assets of Railway?

The assets of the railway are stations, trains, godown on railway, land of railway, inventory in stores.

Method of Purchasing of Assets

Major purchases of railway is done by the Chief controller of purchase (CCP), Minor purchase upto 500,000 is done by the Divisional Superintendent on monthly basis, but one item not exceed Rs. 40000. But if the purchases exceed Rs. 500000 then the Divisional Superintendent refer this purchase to Chief controller of purchase (CCP) and this type of purchase will be done by the Chief controller of purchase (CCP).

Salaries
Executive salaries and office staff salaries are paid on the 1st of each month and the police, medical staff, traffic and station staffs salaries are paid on the 5th of each month. Commercial staff and guards are paid on 10th of each month. Repairer and maintenance staff (Up to scale 5) paid on the 15th of each month. Salaries are distributed on the basis of two different ways;

1. Banks 2. DPM 1. Banks

The persons who have their own bank accounts, salaries are transfer in their account.

2. DPM
All those persons who have not their bank accounts are paid by the Divisional Pay Master.

24

Sample calculation the salary of station master Mr. Waseem Iqbal with scale 15. Gross Salary Deductions Net Pay Rs. 24655 3179 20199

Note:
If Mr. Waseem Iqbal have borrowed loan so this loan also deduct from his Gross Salary.

System Softwares used in Pakistan Railways:

Most frequently used system softwares in Pakistan Railways are:

Microsoft Windows XP. SCO UNIX 5.0.5 Red Hat Linux 7.2 & Advance Server 2.1 Windows 98 Windows 2000 Professional Window XP Professional 2003 Windows 2000 Server Windows 2000 Advance Server Windows 2003 Server Windows XP Windows NT 4.0

25

Oracle Collaboration Suite:

Pakistan Railways has installed the latest office management tools named OCS ( Oracle

Collaboration Suite ) widely and extensively used worldwide, this software, which is based, will help the management by exchanging the data on LAN and WAN, helping them to schedule the day long activities in an organized way. The focus area of OCS is email sharing, Calendar, File Transfer, Ultra Search, Web messages. At present mail box capacity has been fixed as 20 MB for each user, which may be enhanced depending upon the requirements.

26

Network Structure:

Pakistan Railway comprises 8,775 route km, 781 stations and 42 trains halts. It has a fleet of 546 diesel electric locomotives, 25,815 wagons and 2,099 passenger coaches. Maintenance is provided by three major locomotive workshops and thirty-five smaller workshops. Signaling facilities at important stations are track circulated within interlocking limits. Most routes have VHF radio coverage for communication between train dispatchers and trains. Telephone Communication is over wire lines and microwave. Freight traffic during the past five years has averaged 5-6 million tons per annum. It was 15 million tones per annum in the 1960 but trucking has steadily taken over the freight market. The volume of freight traffic in 1995/96 was approximately 5.1 billion-km. PR carried about 145 million passengers per annum in the 1970 but during the past five years, it has dropped to 70 million per annum. However the average distance per kilometre has increased from 80 km in the 70's to about 260 km today. Competition from the inter-city bus services is increasing and only an efficient rail service will be able to increase its clientele. Pakistan Railways is multi system and operates on three gauges, i.e. broad gauge,

27

meter-gauge and narrow gauge. The gauge wise route length and track length of Pakistan Railways on 30th June, 1996 were as under: Type of Route Broad Gauge Meter Gauge Narrow Gauge Total Route KM 7,718 445 611 8774 Track KM 11,344 555 726 12625

Modernization Activities:
The major emphasis of Pakistan Railways has been on the replacement of overage assets. Due to resource constraint, however, it is now engaged in modernizing certain areas as best as it can. These include the following:i. To ensure more comfortable journey it has been decided to manufacture only lower class airconditioned coaches in future. ii. All second class coaches are being provided with cushioned seats. iii. Reservation work has been computerized on modern lines at Lahore and Karachi stations; the system's two major reservation centres. Computerization of reservation offices of Peshawar, Rawalpindi, Faisalabad, Multan and Hyderabad is in progress and is likely to be commissioned shortly. The steps are now underway to link these stations with other major railway stations. iv. Closed circuit televisions have been introduced at Lahore, Karachi, Multan and Faisalabad railway stations. This entertainment is being extended to Sukkur, Rawalpindi and Peshawar stations in the next phase. Subak Kharam and Shalimar trains have also been provided with closed circuit televisions and this system is being provided in Subak Raftar also. v. Public address system is being provided in Subak Raftar, Subak Kharam, Tezgam and Khyber Mail trains.

28

vi. Modernization of Karachi, Quetta, Hyderabad, Multan, Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi and Peshawar Railway stations, removal of hindrances on railway platforms and upgradation of approach roads are being carried out. vii. Private Sector is being encouraged to participate in the activities of the system. As a first step, ticket selling and ticket checking on Lahore-Faisalabad and Lahore-Narowal-Sialkot Sections have been privatized. (viii). Feasibility study for a high-speed track is in hand.

Development Schemes:
The Pakistan Railways has proposed major replacement and rehabilitation schemes for the forthcoming five year plan. An amount of Rs. 40 billion has been allocated for ongoing and new works. The major physical components which would be completed during the Plan period includes: i. Doubling of track from Lodhran to Peshawar (800 Km) to ensure sustained improvement in the turn round time of rolling stock and motive power; ii. Manufacture of 51 locomotives; iii. Rehabilitation of 101 diesel electric locomotives; iv. Manufacture of 175 new design light-weight passenger coaches; v. Equipping 7000 wagons with roller bearing; vi. Revamping of 14 electric locomotives; vii. Procurement of 1400 high capacity wagons; viii. Procurement of 50 wagon movers; ix. Introduction of Management Information System; x. Improvement and Rehabilitation of track to cater for high speeds;

29

xi. Telecommunication and Signaling Network on main and important branch lines Pakistan Railways (reporting mark PR) is a national state-owned rail transport service of Pakistan, headquartered in Lahore. It is administered by the federal government under the Ministry of Railways. PR provides an important mode of transportation throughout Pakistan. It is commonly referred to as the "life line of the country", by aiding in large scale movement of people and freight throughout Pakistan. The current chairman is Sami-ul-Haq Khilji. .1. An efficient transportation system plays a vital role in the economic development of a country

Massive investment and development of infrastructure is essential for sustainable economic growth. 2. Pakistan has a natural geo-strategic location at the peripheral of South Asia and Central Asia. In

the south, the Arabian Sea forms a gateway to the vast Eurasia hinterland and makes Pakistan a shortest route for transit trade to the Central Asian Republics (CARs). Indian trade to the region, in an economical/convenient manner, is also dependent on the availability of passage through Pakistan. 3. Pakistans primary traffic movers Railways as well as Road are concentrated along the South

North Corridor linking the Central and the Northern part of the country with Ports and commercial hubs in the south. 4. In a rapidly growing economy like Pakistan, the need for a reliable integrated transport is acutely

felt. The raison detre of railways primarily exists for mass transport; where it can be economically viable to survive as a competitive business. Pakistan Railways (PR) has a definite edge over Roads for long haul and Mass Traffic movement both for passengers and freight in addition to a safe, economical and environmental friendly mode of transport. 5. PR is a Public Sector Organization and provides service through an obligation (PSO) relying on

the back up support of the Government. A long beginning since 1861 it once occupied a principal position in land transport in the past.

30

6.

Pakistans transportation network, albeit not as modern and efficient as that of developed

countries, is considerably more efficient than it was a decade ago and the growth in demand for transportation services is considerably higher than the GDP. PR is the only enterprise which provides rail services in the country yet much is required of the planners enabling rail transport to catch up with time. 7. The scale of PR historic debts, exorbitant escalating fuel prices, pay & pension hikes and loss

making passenger services are significant constraints limiting scope of investment for infrastructural and services development. 9. The total road infrastructure stretches 260,000 km of which 60% is paved. Road density is 0.32

km/km. An increase of 15.4% has been achieved since 1996-97. 10. The main arteries along the corridor are the 1819 km long N-5 which serves 80% of Pakistans

urban population and carries 65% of intercity traffic and the Indus Highway (N-55) an access free, 4 lanes divided facility with a capacity of 66,000 Passenger Car Units (PCUs) per day. 11. During 1990-2005 railways share in the freight sector declined from 14% to 4.2%. It did register a

recovery in 2000-01 when its freight traffic grew by over 20% as against an average decline of 4.4% in 1990s. 12. Road transport system makes up 90 percent of passenger and 96 percent of freight movement.

National Highways and Motorways network. (10,849 km) constitute 4.2% of the road network and carries 90 percent of Pakistans total traffic.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS:

31

After the analysis of Pakistan Railway, we have come to know that the accounting system of railway is very strong, and according to our knowledge if the rules follow by the officers and the employees regarding the accounting system of railway then there is not any other better accounting system than railway. The government should adopt the certain security measures regarding the railway department. Train accidents which are causing the heavy losses for Pakistan Railway, the Government should prevent this by proper look after the Railway tracks. The government should overcome the problems regarding the unproductive expenditures and making the proper system of revenue allocation. They should adopt the measures on any incidence occur so the assets of the railway can save properly. This report discus all the activities that the Management Information System perform in our selected organization Pakistan Railways. The report starts with the whole history of Rail transport, introduction of Pakistan railway. The details of Software used at Pakistan Railways are also discussed in the report of us. Pakistan Railways have their own National base website for their customers. Suggestions:

The Rail services should be improved and must be provided to the Passenger in time. The salaries of the employees should be reasonable. There should be screening of employees because the no. of employees working is more than required. Overall system should be computerized to save time, money and resources of the Organization. Pakistan Railways must have to introduce automation in its processes and improve MIS system. The HR department of the Pakistan Railways is not playing an effective role. Proper arrangement should be made for professionals by issuing detailed job description and job specification to get maximum profit from them.

32

References
http://pakrail.com/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Railways http://www.scribd.com/search=pak+railway http://www.privatisation.gov.pk/Transport/Pakistan%20Railways.htm