Class I lesion affects

The pit and fissures of posterior teeth

Surfaces involved are: Occlusal surfaces of premolars & molars Occlusal 2/3 of the facial & lingual surfaces of molars

Palatal surfaces of maxillary incisors

Spread of pit &fissure caries in enamel & dentin

In enamel
Cone shape Base towards DEJ & apex toward the surface

In dentin (Spreads more rapidly than enamel)

Cone shape Base towards DEJ & apex towards the pulp

Class I could be :
Simple occlusal cavity S.O.C Compound class I (two surfaces) * Occluso buccal O.B.C * Occluso lingual or palatal O.L.C /O.P.C Complex class I (more than two surfaces) * occluso bucco lingual O.B.L.C Buccal pit Paltal pit in anterior

CLASS I SIMPLE OCCLUSAL CAVITY

(OCCLUSAL SURFACE ONLY)

Outline form

Varies in shape according to the number of cusps and orientation of pits ad fissures

Resistance form is obtained by

Outline placed equidistance from the defective pits ,fissures on smooth ,sound tooth structure Sufficient width to include the defects, pits & fissures and permit insertion of small condenser for placement of amalgam

But otherwise as narrow as possible

(preservation of tooth structure)

Resistance

Extension for prevention

Black suggested that it was necessary to remove additional tooth structure to gain access
& visibility extend the cavity to self-cleansing areas to AVOID RECURENT CARIES Blacks cavity width 1/3 intercuspal distance

Resistance

CONSERVATIVE APPROACHE
Introduction of amalgams with better properties & the use of smaller instruments Cavity width (faciolingual width) / intercuspal distance (not more than - . mm)

No extension for prevention

Resistance

A Conservative cavity preparation

Saves tooth structure Minimize pulpal irritation Strong tooth structure, marginal integrity & restoration longevity

Resistance

Outline should consist of smooth curves on occlusal surface (no sharp line angles)

To avoid stress concentration

Resistance

Box form (mortis form) * flat floor * definite line & point angles

Distribution of force

Resistance

Cavosurface margin is 90 butt joint Remove any undermined enamel (enamel supported with dentin)

Resistance

Depth * 0.5mm below DEJ (cavity in dentin) * The whole cavity depth is about 1.5 - 2 mm from cavity margin to pulpal floor

D Pulpal floor

Resistance

Minimal extension into the marginal ridge (only enough to remove the defect) without removing dentinal support Mesial & distal walls * divergent occlusally( 10) to follow the direction of enamel rods & prevent undermining of the marginal ridge

Resistance

Join weekend ridge between two cavities (<0.5 mm apart)

Retention form Is obtained through

Converging Buccal and lingual walls occlusally (undercut) Parallelism of the walls Griping action of dentin

Retention

Extra means of retention Grooves

Prepared at the line angle between floor of the cavity & its walls with a round bur

Convenience form
Establishing RESISTANCE & RETENTION (depth & width of the cavity) gives adequate convenience to instrumentation ,removal of decay & insertion of the restoration

If there is spot of caries remaining in the cavity

Infected carious dentin should be removed by: Excavators (spoon or discoid) soft caries Large carbide Rose head at low speed hard caries * Until the tooth structure feels hard & firm * lesion is lighter in color

The removal of carious dentin should not affect resistance form

Create a flat floor peripheral to the excavated area

Compound class I cavity

Compound class I

It involves two surfaces Occlusal surface Buccal or Lingual grooves OF molars

Cavity preparation
Occlusal box follows the same principles for class I simple occlusal cavity After preparing the occlusal cavity

#245 bur is held to the pulpal floor & parallel to the long axis of the tooth crown * moved towards the buccal/lingual direction along the fissure maintaining uniform depth until the bur reaches the buccal/lingual surface

 The step is prepared keeping the bur parallel to the buccal/ lingual surface of the corresponding groove

So The axial wall will follow the contour of

the buccal/lingual surface at a uniform depth of 0.5mm inside the DEJ (0.2mm is permissible) Axiopulpal line angle is rounded

Resistance

 Extend the lingual box gingivally to terminate at the buccal/lingual groove creating a flat gingival seat for . Resistance Gingival wall meets the tooth surface at 90 & the axial wall makes an obtuse angle with the pulpal floor ..Resistance

 Mesial & distal walls of the B/L BOX are made parallel to each other with slight occlusal convergence ..Retention Mesial & distal walls are butt joint with the cavity margins Resistance

Pit & fissure on facial or lingual surface only(buccal pit /paltalpit)

Shape varies (oval round-oblong) depending upon the extent of caries Walls continually joined & slightly convergent towards the cavosurface margin Axial wall follows the contour of the buccal/lingual surface