Resolución de exámenes

1. 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 "𝑎" 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑛 𝑢𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑗𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒

1 1 1 1 1 1
𝑣1 = 𝑎, − , − 𝑣2 = − , 𝑎, − 𝑣3 = − , − , 𝑎
2 2 2 2 2 2

Solución:
𝑘1 𝑣1 + 𝑘2 𝑣2 + 𝑘3 𝑣3 = 0 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒
1 1 1 1 1 1
𝑘1 𝑎, − 2 , − 2 +𝑘2 − 2 , 𝑎, − 2 +𝑘3 − 2 , − 2 , 𝑎 = 0,0,0

𝑘1 𝑘2 𝑘3

1 1 1 1 1 1
𝑎𝑘1 − 𝑘2 − 𝑘3 = 0 𝑎 − − 𝑎 − − 2𝑓1
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1
− 𝑘1 + 𝑎𝑘2 − 𝑘3 = 0 − 𝑎 − =0 − 𝑎 − 2𝑓2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
1 1 − − 𝑎 − − 𝑎 2𝑓3
− 𝑘1 − 𝑘2 + 𝑎𝑘3 = 0 2 2 2 2
2 2
𝑎𝑢𝑥𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑟: 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑣. 𝐽ℎ𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑎 𝑀𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑧𝑎 𝐵𝑎𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝐼𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑎
2𝑎 −1 −1 2𝑎 −1 −1 2𝑎 −1 −1
−1 2𝑎 −1 − 𝑓1 + 𝑓2 = −2𝑎 − 1 2𝑎 + 1 0 = −2𝑎 − 1 2𝑎 + 1 0
−1 −1 2𝑎 −1 −1 2𝑎 2𝑎 𝑓1 + 𝑓3 2
4𝑎 − 1 −2𝑎 − 1 0

𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑑𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠

−2𝑎 − 1 2𝑎 + 1
−1 = −1 −2𝑎 − 1 −2𝑎 − 1 − 4𝑎2 − 1 2𝑎 + 1
4𝑎2 − 1 −2𝑎 − 1

2
= 2𝑎 + 1 + 4𝑎2 − 1 2𝑎 + 1

= 2𝑎 + 1 2𝑎 + 1 + 4𝑎2 − 1

= 2𝑎 + 1 2𝑎 + 1 + 2𝑎 + 1 2𝑎 − 1

= 2𝑎 + 1 2𝑎 + 1 1 + 2𝑎 − 1 =0

= 2𝑎 + 1 2𝑎 + 1 2𝑎 = 0

1
𝑎 = − ;𝑎 = 0
2

𝑎𝑢𝑥𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑟: 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑣. 𝐽ℎ𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑎 𝑀𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑧𝑎 𝐵𝑎𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝐼𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑎

2. 𝑠𝑒𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑀𝑛∗𝑚 𝑦 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝐴, 𝐵 = 𝑇𝑟 𝐴𝑡 ∗ 𝐴 , 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 𝐴.
𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒: 2 4 0
1 0 4
𝐴=
1 −3 2
1 2 3

𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛.

𝐴𝑙 𝑝𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑎ñ𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑠𝑖 𝑚𝑒 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑣𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟

𝑒𝑙 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 con la ayuda del producto interior dado

𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 = 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧

𝐴 = 𝐴, 𝐴 = 𝑇𝑟 𝐴𝑡 ∗ 𝐴 … … … … … (1)

𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑧𝑎 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎

𝑎𝑢𝑥𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑟: 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑣. 𝐽ℎ𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑎 𝑀𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑧𝑎 𝐵𝑎𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝐼𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑎

 2 1 1 1 7 7 9
𝐴𝑡 ∗ 𝐴 = 4 0 −3 2 * = 7 29 0
0 4 2 3 9 0 29
3∗4 4∗3

IGUALES

DIMENCION
DE LA MATRIZ
3*3

𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 … … … (1)

7 7 9
𝐴 𝐴, 𝐴 = 𝑇𝑟 𝐴𝑡 ∗𝐴 𝑇𝑟 7 29 0 = 7 + 29 + 29 = 65
9 0 29

∴ 𝑒𝑙 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 𝑒𝑠: 𝐴 = 65

𝑎𝑢𝑥𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑟: 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑣. 𝐽ℎ𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑎 𝑀𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑧𝑎 𝐵𝑎𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝐼𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑎

 3. 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝐴, 𝐵 = 𝑇𝑟 𝐵𝑡 ∗ 𝐴 , hallar:
1 1 1 1
𝑎) 𝐸𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝐴 = 𝑦𝐵=
1 1 0 1
𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛:
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝐴𝑦𝐵, 𝑠𝑒 𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎, 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑜
𝐴, 𝐵 … … … … … (1)
𝜃= cos −1
𝐴 𝐵

1 0 1 1 1 1
𝐴, 𝐵 = 𝑇𝑟 𝐵𝑡 ∗ 𝐴 𝑇𝑟 = 𝑇𝑟 =1+2=3
1 1 1 1 2 2
1 1 1 1 2 2
𝐴 = 𝑇𝑟 𝐴𝑡 ∗ 𝐴 𝑇𝑟 = 𝑇𝑟 = 2+2= 4=2
1 1 1 1 2 2

𝐵 = 𝑇𝑟 𝐵𝑡 ∗ 𝐵 1 0 1 1 1 1
𝑇𝑟 = 𝑇𝑟 = 1+2= 3
1 1 0 1 1 2
𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 … … … (1)
𝐴, 𝐵 3 2
𝜃 = cos −1 = cos −1 = cos −1 = 30° 𝜃 = 30°
𝐴 𝐵 2
2 3

𝑎𝑢𝑥𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑟: 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑣. 𝐽ℎ𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑎 𝑀𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑧𝑎 𝐵𝑎𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝐼𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑎

9. 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑘 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑗𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑛 𝑃1, 𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒

𝑆= 1 + 𝑘 𝑥 + 4, 4𝑥 + (1 + 𝑘)

𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛.
1 + 𝑘 𝑥 + 4, 4𝑥 + (1 + 𝑘)
𝛼 𝛽
𝛼𝑣1 + 𝛽 𝑣2 + 𝛾 𝑣3 = 0

1+𝑘 4 0
=
𝛼 1 + 𝑘 𝑥 + 4 + 𝛽 4𝑥 + 1 + 𝑘 = 0 4 1+𝑘 0
1+𝑘 4
= 1 + 𝑘 ∗ 1 + 𝑘 − 16 = 0
𝛼 1 + 𝑘 𝑥 + 𝛼4 + 𝛽4𝑥 + 𝛽 1 + 𝑘 = 0 4 1+𝑘
1 + 𝑘 + 𝑘 + 𝑘 2 − 16 = 0
𝑘 2 + 2𝑘 − 15 = 0
𝑥: 𝛼 1 + 𝑘 + 𝛽4 = 0
𝑘 = −5 𝑘=3
∶ 𝛼4 + 𝛽 1 + 𝑘 = 0 ∴ 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑗𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑆 𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑖

𝑘 ≠ −5 𝑘≠3

𝑎𝑢𝑥𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑟: 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑣. 𝐽ℎ𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑎 𝑀𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑧𝑎 𝐵𝑎𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝐼𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑎

11. 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑘 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑗𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑆 𝑠𝑒𝑎 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 .

𝑆= 𝑘 + 1 𝑒 𝑥 ; 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑘 + 1 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 3𝑥 ; 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑘 + 1 𝑒 3𝑥

𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛:

𝛼 𝑘 + 1 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝛽 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑘 + 1 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝛾 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑘 + 1 𝑒 3𝑥 = 0

𝛼 𝑘 + 1 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝛽 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑘 + 1 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝛾 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑘 + 1 𝑒 3𝑥 = 0

𝛼 𝑘 + 1 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝛽𝑒 𝑥 + 𝛽 𝑘 + 1 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝛽𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝛾𝑒 𝑥 + 𝛾𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝛾 𝑘 + 1 𝑒 3𝑥 = 0
𝛼 𝛽 𝛾
𝑒𝑥: 𝛼 𝑘+1 +𝛽+𝛾 = 0
𝑒 2𝑥 : 𝛽 𝑘+1 +𝛾 =0 𝑘+1 1 1 0
0 𝑘+1 1 =0
𝑒 3𝑥 : 𝛽+𝛾 𝑘+1 =0
0 1 𝑘+1 0

𝑎𝑢𝑥𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑟: 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑣. 𝐽ℎ𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑎 𝑀𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑧𝑎 𝐵𝑎𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝐼𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑎

𝑘+1 1 1
𝑘+1 1
0 𝑘+1 1 = 𝑘+1 =0
1 𝑘+1
0 1 𝑘+1

= 𝑘+1 𝑘+1 𝑘+1 −1 =0

= 𝑘 + 1 𝑘 2 + 2𝑘 + 1 − 1 = 0
= 𝑘 + 1 𝑘 2 + 2𝑘 = 0
= 𝑘+1 𝑘 𝑘+2 =0
𝑘 = −1 𝑘=0 𝑘 = −2

∴ 𝑒𝑙 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑖

𝑘 = −1; 𝑘 = 0; 𝑘 = −2

𝑎𝑢𝑥𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑟: 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑣. 𝐽ℎ𝑜𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑎 𝑀𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑧𝑎 𝐵𝑎𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝐼𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑎