DIFFERENT TYPES OF NETWORKS

There are three types of networks:

LAN

MAN WAN

1.

LAN: Local Area Network

It is a network that is used to connect computers in a local or small area. A small area can be an office or a building. It is mostly

used in offices as it enables to share resources like printers,

scanners, speakers, plotters, etc. on common basis. It enables us to spend less extra money for individual devices. It connects computers that are not physically far from each other. It can connect computers till or below 500. It has server that can manage it. The speed of data transmission is quite slow.

2.

MAN: Metropolitan Area Network

It is a network that connects computers or electronic devices, such as mobiles or television, in an

entire city. It connects various LANs located in a city. The best example of MAN is a TV cable that we receive in our homes. The cable wires control the connection of the whole city.

3.

WAN: Wide Area Network

It is a network that connects computers over large geographical areas like continents. This network also connects LANs in remote areas to make them function as a WAN.

The main purpose of it is to share information. The best example of WAN is Internet as it connects computers over number of countries. WANs are generally used in very large companies or government agencies as they need telecommunication lines or satellite signals in order to transfer data. Some other examples of wan are ATM facilities, net banking, and the telecommunication services that we use.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF TOPOLOGIES

There are four types of topologies: BUS TOPOLOGY STAR TOPOLOGY RING TOPOLOGY TREE TOPOLOGY

1. BUS TOPOLOGY PARTICULARS:

In this topology a single wire called bus is employed. All the computers, printers and other hardware are connected to this wire. Any signal passed or sent by a node travels in the wire. The signals travel in both the sides. So they do not clutter the wires. Server can be any.

Advantage:
Its advantage is that if any node fails or is being removed or replaced, it will not affect the whole network.

Disadvantage:
Its disadvantage is that the signals generated or should be strong enough so that they may travel the entire length of the bus.

2 .STAR TOPOLOGY
PARTICULARS:
In this topology all the computers are connected to the central hub called a server. All computers are connected to the hub. The hub manages & allocates all the computers as it is the main server. If the server controls the signals it is called active server and if it

doesnt controls the signals it is called passive server.

Advantage:
Its advantage is that if any computer fails it will not affect the whole network and it requires the minimal cost.

Disadvantage:
Its disadvantage is that if the hub fails the whole network will fail.

3. Ring topology
Particulars:
This topology is also called circular topology because it uses multiple links to form a loop of computers. This loop of computers forms a ring or circle. There is a token that goes around the loop continuously. All computers are equipped with Token Ring Adapter Card (TRAC) which helps them to read the message. The message or token goes just in one direction. In this topology server can be any.

Advantage:
It has good flexibility & it is helpful for the token to travel in the loop.

Disadvantage:
Its disadvantage is that if any node fails, the whole network will breakdown.

4.

TREE TOPOLOGY

PARTICULARS:
It is the combination of bus& star topology. In this we can have multiple servers. It needs number of cables to be employed and the success of this topology depends on the cables used. There is no limit of computers to be added in the tree topology. Trunk is the main server of this topology.

Advantage:
We can add a large number of computers to be connected even in distinct branches.

Disadvantage:
As the trunk is the main server, if it fails the entire network will fail.

COMPUTE R PROJECT FILE

BY-BHANU

TO- ADITYA SIR

Certificate
This is to certify that BHANU HANDA son of Mr. Ravi handa &the student of class 8th-c has satisfactory completed the course of holidays homework prescribed by aditya sir on the project of types of networks & types of networking topologies under the teachers vision.

___________
Teachers signature

Acknowledgement
Before acknowledging any human form of god I would like to thank the almighty with my true heart for bringing my project achievement and myself to this level. I acknowledge my parents for being a constant source of inspiration &motivation for me. I would like to thank my senior guide my parents who gave me their valuable guidance & inspiration. The untired effort of my parents has made this project possible. Their help is deeply acknowledged by me.

I would finally like to thank my parents for their constant hard work & timely support.

1st July, 2011 HANDA INDEX

BHANU

DATE

Particulars

PAGES

SIGNATURE

25/7 28/7

NETWORKS TOPOLOGIES

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