DROPS Relaqiable Securing Metids

Reliable
DROPPED OBJECTS AWARENESS AND PREVENTION

Securing
We thank Statoil for their kind assistance
in the publication of this document.
J RELIABLE SECURING
In our ongoing efforts to prevent dropped objects,
investigations have shown that our greatest challenges
relate to behaviour, work processes and inadequate
securing of equipment. As part of our improvement work,
we have published this handbook, which collates relevant
requirements for securing both fixed and freestanding
equipment. Developed by Statoil after much research
and consultation, the handbook is an excellent guide to
Best Securing Practice. DROPS highly recommend these
guidelines as a point of reference to all on a global basis.
The handbook has been compiled in close collaboration
between Statoil, equipment suppliers and users. The
objective has been to improve safety by providing good
illustrations of the most important factors in the prevention
of falling objects.We thank Statoil for allowing us to
publish the handbook to the benefit of all involved in our
ongoing fight against dropped objects.
Ihe DkOP5 Workgroup
December 2006
Preloce
2 RELIABLE SECURING
3 RELIABLE SECURING
AbbreviolionsJlerms
H5E Health, safety and the environment
CCIV Closed-circuit television
Documenled lroining training whereby
persons using the equipment have received
documented practical training and theoretical tuition
that has provided them with knowledge of structure/
composition, operation, properties and areas of use,
as well as maintenance and control, in compliance
with the safe use and operating requirements in
the applicable regulations and instructions for use.
Compelenl person This person must be able
to document practical and theoretical knowledge
in the discipline area, for example in the form of an
examination certificate or a certificate of competence.
4 RELIABLE SECURING
Conlenls
Purpose ol lhe hondbook 6
DkOP5 Colculolor 8
Golvonic corrosion 10
8olled conneclions 12
- Lockingofscrew/boltedconnection 14
Correcl use ol lock pins 22
5ecuring devices (wires, chains and connectors) 24
5ecuring ol personnel 26
Derrick evocuolion equipmenl 28
5ecuring ol lools in use 30
- Handtools<5kg 30
- Tools5-25kg 32
- Securingotherportableequipment 34
- Toolcabinetsforworkatheight 36
5ecuring ol permonenlly lixed equipmenl 38
Walkways 38
- Grating 38
- Railings 40
- Toeboards 42
- Swinggates 44
- Ladders 46
5 RELIABLE SECURING
Electrical/Instruments 48
- Floodlights 48
- Lightfittings 50
- Navigationlights 52
- CCTVcamera 54
- Craneboomcamera 56
- Loudspeakers 58
- Junctionboxesandcabinets 60
- Cableducts 62
Structures 64
- Windwalls 64
- Signs 66
Other equipment 68
- Valvewheelsandvalvehandles 68
- Snatchblocks 70
- Umbilicalrollersheaves 72
- Hanginghoses 74
- Loadcarriers 76
Iemporory sloroge ploces 78
Unnecessory equipmenl ol heighl 80
Noles 82
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This document is intended to help eliminate the risk of
falling objects. It applies both to equipment that we are
going to procure and to equipment already in use on our
own and hired installations. In many cases, the functional
recommendations that are stipulated for the equipment in
this document will set a new standard for our activities. We
recognise that it may be impractical to adhere to all the
recommendations, but the booklet sets a standard we must
aspire to. Also, the handbook is a guide only it does not
supersede the requirements of existing legislation and/or
corporate standards. The definition of barriers that will
prevent objects falling and that can also be used in the
procurement, use and maintenance of equipment for work
at height has been an important goal. When procuring
new equipment, we should endeavour to use integrated
barriers. In order to minimise the danger of collision, we
should always evaluate the risk associated with the chosen
location when installing equipment.
The functional recommendations set out in this handbook
should be complied with through the full value chain:
design
procuremenl
inslollolion
operolion
moinlenonce
By mere compliance with these recommendations you will
help achieve the goal of zero falling objects.
Who is responsible?
Everyone in lhe volue choin.
Purpose ol lhe
hondbook
7 RELIABLE SECURING
DkOP5 responsibililies
lhrough lhe volue choin
RELIABLE SECURING
DROPS
Calculator
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The DROPS Calculator (shown opposite) provides a
common benchmark in the classification of the potential
consequences of a dropped object.
One of a number of similar tools, the DROPS Calculator
is endorsed by the DROPS Workgroup and recognised
by the HSE. While other calculators exist, they all follow
the same principle plotting the mass of a dropped
object against the distance it falls to determine its possible
consequences.
It is important to note that this calculator (and all others)
are guides only and in reality even a very light object
falling from significant height can prove fatal.
J0 RELIABLE SECURING
As a basic rule, only metal of the same or almost
the same nobility should be combined in a
corrosive environment.
Gold
5ilver
5loinless sleel (possivoled}
Copper
Iin
5loinless sleel (oclive}
Leod
5leel
Codmium
Aluminium
Golvonised sleel
Zinc
Mognesium
Golvonic
corrosion
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JJ RELIABLE SECURING
Galvanic corrosion occurs when two dissimilar metals with
different voltage potentials are in contact with each other
in the presence of an electrolyte (damp film or seawater/
fresh water). When this happens, the less noble metal
becomes the anode and the more noble metal the cathode.
If a steel screw is fixed into a copper plate, the screw will
be the anode since copper is the nobler metal. The screw
will rust rapidly as the difference in potential is great.
If the same steel screw is fixed into a less noble plate,
eg a zinc plate, the screw will be the cathode and will
not rust. The zinc plate will corrode, as it is less noble
than the screw.
Steel screw
Current
Humidity
Copper
Steel screw
Current
Humidity
Less noble plate
8olled
conneclions
At present, bolts are being produced to 85 different
industrial standards and the requirements for bolted
connections vary for the different sectors depending on the
given design, operational and maintenance requirements.
Achieving a stable bolted connection will therefore require
a qualified evaluation of the following factors:
Lood design
Choice ol moleriols wilh o view lo
mechonicol properlies ond corrosion
resislonce
Where oppropriole, use ol lubriconl
Pre-lensioning ond use ol lhe correcl
lorque equipmenl
Need lor locking bolls lo secure
ogoinsl loss ol lorqueJpre-lension
Eighty-five per cent of all damage to bolts etc is due to
fatigue. This is primarily a result of:
dynomic lood wilh inodequole
pre-lensioning
overlood resulling in reduced
pre-lensioning
Locking ol screwJ
bolled conneclions
Spiralock nut
Nord-lock bolt
The following methods are recommended for locking
bolted connections. NOTE: Lock nuts are not recommended
for locking screw/bolted connections.
NOkD-LOCK 8OLI
5ECUklNG 5Y5IEM
www.pelroboll.com
When correctly mounted, the Nord-Lock Bolt securing
system provides a guaranteed secure screw/bolt lock.
It works by means of wedge-locking, ensuring that
the squeeze force is maintained in the screw/bolted
connection.
Areos ol use:
Particularly suitable for connections exposed to vibrations,
eg grating, loudspeakers, guide rails etc.
5AFE-LOCK (5PlkALOCK}
www.spirolock.com
Safe-lock is an all-metal lock nut. The nut has a specially
designed threaded profile that locks when tightened and
distributes the tension over the whole length of the thread.
This provides better load distribution, which in turn helps to
improve the locking of the screw connection.
Areos ol use:
Used for fastening cable support systems.
Castle nut w/split pin
Bondura bolt
CA5ILE NUI WJ5PLlI PlN
Castle nuts provide a visual and reliable method for
locking bolted connections. The nut has radial slots and is
locked by non-corrosive split pins that are inserted through
a hole in the bolt.
Generally used for bolted connections exposed to shear
forces rather than tensile stresses.
Areos ol use:
Critical connections or components that are disconnected
frequently.
8ONDUkA 8OLI
www.bollnorge.no
BONDURA has a unique design which uses expanding
taper sleeves at both ends of the bolt to eliminate play.
The bolt also prevents play from re-occurring. Standard
screws are used to push in the bolt tapers, and the bolt
is fixed directly to the machine component using locking
screws. This prevents the bolt from coming loose, falling
out or turning in the hole. The bolt can be retightened as
the equipment is exposed to wear.
Areos ol use:
Clevis bolts, Dolly, top drive, pipe rack cranes and other
pipe-handling equipment.
Palnut lock washers
Safety-wiring
PALNUI
Palnut lock washers have been on the market for several
decades as an alternative to locking of bolted connections.
According to the product information, Palnut lock washers
can be used alone or over nuts. In the offshore context they
are normally used for locking over nuts.
Areos ol use:
Used on through-bolts on fixed immobile equipment and
on mobile pipe-handling and drill-handling equipment.
5AFEIY-WlklNG
Safety-wiring of bolts is a locking method adopted
from the aviation industry. In brief, the method involves
threading a wire through a hole in the bolt to lock it
against being rotated loose. The wire is twisted before
being threaded and is locked to the next bolt. The wire can
be used to lock a maximum of three bolts, as shown in the
illustration.
Areos ol use:
Used extensively for locking external bolted connections
on drill and pipe-handling equipment used in particular
where there are no through-bolts and/or there is a need
for simple visual control of the locking.
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Nylock lock nut
All-metal lock nut All-metal lock nut
Tab washer Tab plate
2J RELIABLE SECURING
Nylock lock nul
Nylock lock nuts are used extensively in the industry.
This type of nut is approved for dimensions up to and
including 10mm. Standard Din 985 nylock nuts have a
temperature rating from -70C to +120C.
All melol lock nuls
All-metal lock nuts are recommended for use on all bolt
dimensions. This type of nut locks through the threaded
section or top of the nut being deformed, the top of the
nut being split or the nut having a toothed ring under the
collar. This provides greater friction between the bolt/
underlay and nut, providing a secure connection. There
are many varieties and suppliers on the market. These
nuts have an almost unlimited area of use.
Iob wosherJlob plole
Tab washers can be used on all dimensions and in any
place designed for the use of tab washers. There are
several types with different areas of use for locking
either nuts or bolts. It is important to use the right type
for each purpose.
Tab plates can be used on all dimensions. They are used
typically on machinery where it is important to prevent the
bolt from rotating.
Correcl use ol
lock pins
Pins used in shackles are often of a non-approved type,
which can have serious consequences if they are knocked
out of place.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
When hoisling persons ond loods, you
musl olwoys use shockles wilh
double locking, eg nul + splil pin or
screwed conneclion wilh splil pin.
5plil pins such os lroclor pins or
hoirpins musl nol be used.
For slolic loods, you musl olwoys use
shockles wilh double locking os
described obove.
5plil pins should prelerobly be mode ol
non-corrosive moleriol.
Approved securing pins os described
obove musl be inspecled regulorly ond
reploced when lhey no longer lunclion
os inlended.
5ecuring devices
(wires, choins ond conneclors}
Wherever possible we want equipment that is mounted at
height to have integrated secondary barriers. Where this
is not possible, or where such barriers might involve a risk
of collision, the equipment must have secondary barriers
in the form of wires or chains and connectors that are
securely attached to the structure.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
5ecuring devices musl be designed
in occordonce wilh lhe equipmenl
suppliers colculolions.
Wires musl be locked in occordonce wilh
lhe monuloclurers inslruclions.
Ihe choin or securing wire musl be os
shorl os possible ond loslened os lighlly
os possible over lhe objecl lo be secured.
Ihis will minimise lhe lenglh ol loll ond
lhereby olso lhe loll energy.
5ecuring devices musl be inslolled,
moinloined ond inspecled in occordonce
wilh lhe inlormolion provided in lhe user
monuol or inslruclions.
5ecuring ol
personnel
In work at height for which anti-fall equipment is
mandatory, the necessary expertise is required to ensure
safe working conditions.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Anyone using personol proleclive
equipmenl ogoinsl lolls lrom heighls
musl hove documenled lroining.
- Ihe lroining musl olso cover rescue
melhods.
Ihe necessory rescue equipmenl musl
olwoys be ovoiloble ol lhe work ploce.
Ihe equipmenl musl hove CE opprovol ond
comply wilh on occepled slondord.
Ihe equipmenl musl be checked ol
leosl every 6 monlhs by o compelenl
person (LOLEk}.
Ihe conlrol or volidily dole musl be shown
on lhe equipmenl.
Ihe choice ol equipmenl musl be mode
oller evoluoling lhe geomelry ol lhe
work ploce.
Reference: The Working at Height Regulations
LOLER Regulations
Derrick evocuolion
equipmenl
(Example only)
Far too many defects have come to light in evacuation
equipment. In many cases there is deficient certification,
control and labelling of harnesses and blocks (brakes).
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
kiding bells ond blocks musl be cerlilied,
conlrolledJinspecled ond lobelled in line
wilh olher onli-loll equipmenl.
Ihe guide line, ils ollochmenl poinls
ond conneclors ore olso delined os
onliloll equipmenl ond musl be cerlilied,
conlrolledJinspecled ond lobelled
occordingly.
kiding bells musl be connecled lo guide
lines ond blocks ond slored so os lo
prolecl lhem lrom weor ond leorJdomoge
lrom exlernol loclors.
ll musl be possible lo use lhe equipmenl
lor lhe sole perlormonce ol enlering ond
evocuolion operolions.
5ecuring ol
lools in use
(Example only)
There is a significant risk of falling objects when using tools
at height and a large number of reported incidents involve
falling objects. The consequences of subsequent falling of
lost or forgotten tools are obvious, and such incidents can
be prevented by easy methods and compliance with simple
guidelines.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
All lools used ol heighl musl be secured
ogoinsl lolling.
Wires ond conneclors musl be used
belween lhe lools ond bell.
Ihere musl be o weok link belween lhe
snop hook on lhe bell ond lhe wire.
ll lhere is o need lor more lools, o lool
bog musl be used ond lhe lools musl be
lempororily secured inside lhe lool bog.
ln lhe cose ol some limiled oreos, eg
derrick, llore boom, crones elc lhe honding
oul ond relurning ol lools used ol heighl
musl be logged lo moke sure lhol none
hove been lell behind.
Internal
securing loops
Safety wires
and connectors
Securing
tools
5ecuring lools in use
(Iools 5-25kg}
Methods for securing heavy tools and hand-held machines
for use at height have not been adequately defined. In
view of the major potential for serious damage if such tools
or machines fall, it is important to have clear guidelines.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
All heovy lools ond hond-held mochines
used ol heighl musl be secured ogoinsl
lolling when in use ond while being
lronsporled.
Cerlilied lool bogs musl be used lor
hoisling heovy lools. Free-loll lesls musl
be documenloble.
5ecuring devices musl be dimensioned
in occordonce wilh verilioble colculolions
ond documenled lree-loll lesls.
5ecuring poinls lor lools ond mochines
musl be in ploce obove lhe work ploce
ond lhe securing device musl be os loul
os possible.
Ihe loll lenglh musl nol exceed lhe lenglh
ol lhe securing device.
5ecuring ol olher
porloble equipmenl
(Example only)
Several reported incidents relating to falling objects relate
to the use of radios, pagers, gas detectors and other
portable equipment.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
All porloble equipmenl used ol heighl
musl be secured ogoinsl lolling.
Corrying pouches musl olwoys be
used lor rodios ond ony olher porloble
equipmenl wilh no dedicoled
ollochmenl poinl.
- Ihe locks on lhe pouches musl hove o
double securing mechonism lo guord
ogoinsl uninlenlionol opening.
8ell clips which ollow lhe rodio lo
become deloched when lurned J80
musl nol be used.
Iool cobinels lor
work ol heighl
Tool cabinets for work at height are now readily available
and employed on many facilities. Unfortunately a number
of irregularities have been registered with respect to the
way in which the tools are secured and the registration of
tools in use and returned tools.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
All lools slored in high cobinels musl
be odequolely secured lor use ol heighl
ond lhey musl hove documenled
ollochmenl poinls.
ln oddilion lo lhe necessory lools, cobinels
musl be equipped wilh:
- o sullicienl number ol correclly
dimensioned solely wires wilh opproved
swoge locks
- o sullicienl number ol conneclorsJsnop
hooks wilh locking
- speciol bells lor loslening lools ond bog
- weok links lor lhe loslening belween lhe
bell ond solely wire
- o sullicienl number ol lool bogs wilh
inlernol loslening devices.
Eoch cobinel musl hove o lisl ol conlenls
ond be kepl locked, ond one person musl
be responsible lor lhe cobinel.
Ihe responsible person musl regisler
oll lools loken lrom ond relurned lo
lhe cobinel.
Groling
At present there are a number of different ways of
fastening grating to underlying structures or frames. As a
result of vibration and defective locking of fastenings, there
is too much loose grating and too many fastening clips of
various kinds are loose or missing.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Groling musl be odequolely lixed lo
underlying slruclures wilh loslenings lhol
do nol loosen wilh vibrolion.
Ihrough or lhreoded conneclions ore
recommended lor loslening.
Foslening clips musl consisl ol os lew porls
os possible.
Openings in lhe groling musl nol
exceed 20mm.
ll groling is cul oul ond reinslolled by
welding, lhe conlocl surloces musl be
cleoned ondJor polished lo remove
golvonisolion ond lo ensure cleon sleel
surloces ond odequole odhesion.
ll lorge oreos ore cul owoy, o speciol
lrome musl be inslolled ond lhe necessory
underloy colculoled.
koilings
Major defects have been discovered on railings, in
particular collapsible and movable railings. We have
found recurring instances of railings that are inadequately
inserted into the fastenings as a result of external impacts,
causing disparity in the size of the holes for inserting the
securing pins.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
koilings musl hove no delormolions
or crocks.
ll musl olwoys be possible lo inserl
movoble roilings inlo lhe loslening
ond inserl o securing lhrough-boll
wilhoul hindronce.
Ihe solely boll musl be odequolely
locked using o securing pin or snop hook
(wilh grommel}.
8olh lhe solely boll ond locking musl
be secured in lhe immediole vicinily ol
lhe ollochmenl.
All conneclions belween elemenls in lhe
roiling musl be secured wilh lhrough-bolls
ond lock nuls.
Use ol selscrews is nol occeploble in
permonenl joinls belween roilings.
koilings ond ollochmenl poinls lor
collopsible ond movoble roilings musl be
inspecled on o regulor bosis lo moinloin
odequole securing ond lunclionolily.
Ioe boords
In many cases toe boards have either been lacking
completely or the gap between the toe board and the deck
has been big enough to allow objects to pass.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Decks, gongwoys ond plollorms musl
hove loe boords ol leosl J00mm high.
On sloirwoys, every slep musl hove o
loeboord ol leosl 50mm high.
5imilorly, oll londings in sloirwoys musl
hove loe boords ol leosl J00mm high.
Ihe gop belween lhe deck or groling ond
loe boord musl nol exceed J0mm.
When removing roilings lempororily, lhe
checklisl musl include reinslollolion ol loe
boords in occordonce wilh lhe opplicoble
rules ond regulolions.
5wing goles
Many swing gates have been found to have hinges with
neither the necessary quality of material nor the design
strength to serve their intended function over time.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Wherever possible, lhe hinges musl lorm
on inlegrol porl ol lhe gole ie lhey
should be welded on.
Goles musl be secured ogoinsl
becoming disengoged.
Goles musl be designed lo oulomolicolly
relurn lo ond remoin in lhe closed posilion.
On llooling rigs, lhe use ol locking lingers
should be considered so lhol lhe gole con
be locked in lhe closed posilion.
Ioe boords musl be inlegroled in goles.
5wing goles musl be inspecled on
o regulor bosis lo ensure odequole
lunclionolily.
Lodders
Many cases have been found of damage to ladders
and safety cages as a result of collisions with mobile
equipment. In addition, cracks have been found in safety
cages, especially in derricks.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Lodders ol more lhon J0m musl
incorporole o londing plollorm every
6m or be equipped wilh o lixed
onli-loll device.
5olely coges musl be inslolled on lodders
ol more lhon 3m.
Ihe solely coge musl slorl 2.2-3m obove
lhe deckJlloor.
- Iry lo minimise lhe dislonce belween lhe
upper porl ol lhe roiling ond lhelower
porl ol lhe coge.
Ihe solely coge musl conlinue lo o
minimum ol J.Jm obove lhe lop level.
Ihe diomeler ol lhe solely coge musl be ol
leosl 70-80cm.
Lodders ond solely coges musl be
inspecled on o regulor bosis lo discover
ony crocks.
Any domoge ond delormolion musl be
reporled ond correcled.
Floodlighls
Many floodlights installed at height are not adequately
secured against falling or colliding with mobile equipment.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Lonlerns musl be equipped wilh lwo
independenl borriers. Ihe ollochmenl
poinls musl be inlegroled, eg eye bolls
lhreoded inlo o lrome or loslened lo lhe
cooling ribs.
8rockels musl hove holes lor loslening
solely wires.
Holches lor exchonging lighl bulbs musl
be hinged or secured wilh wire lo lhe
lloodlighl housing.
Colculolions musl hove been mode ond
be ovoiloble lor ollochmenl poinls ond
securing devices, reloling lo lhe relevonl
loll energies.
User monuolsJinslruclions musl provide
guidelines lor lhe correcl mounling ol
securing devices.
User monuolsJinslruclions musl
olso provide guidelines lor necessory
moinlenonce ond inspeclion ol
securing devices.
Lighl lillings
Several types of light fittings found on our facilities are
inadequately secured against falling. There have been
several serious incidents in which both the cover and the
casing of the fixture have worked loose and fallen down.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Ihe ollochmenl brockels ol bolh ends ol
lhe lixlure musl hove holes lor loslening
lhe solely wires.
ll lhe eleclricily is led in ol bolh ends, lhe
eorlh wire musl be loslened so il con ocl
os o second borrier. ll lhe eleclricily enlers
ol one end only, lhe opposile end musl be
secured wilh o solely wire.
Ihe cover musl hove lixed hinges ond il
musl be possible lo move lhese lo lhe
opposile side.
Ihe componenl roil musl be hinged ond
musl ollow lor odequole securing in lhe
closed posilion.
Emergency lighls musl be equipped wilh
bollery unils wilh lheir own solely wires
or secondory securing.
loll energies.
securing devices.
securing devices.
Novigolion lighls
Several types of navigation light used on our facilities are
inadequately secured against falling.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Novigolion lighls lor sliding inlo grooves
lo olloch lhem lo lhe slruclure ore nol
recommended.
Allochmenl brockels musl hove holes lor
loslening solely wires.
Covers musl hove inlernol solely wires.
Holch covers lor eleclricol conneclions
musl nol be complelely removoble.
loll energies.
securing devices.
securing devices.
CCIV comero
Many CCTV cameras are inadequately secured. There
have been several cases in which both the camera and the
control unit have come loose from the brackets and fallen
on to the deck. The total weight may be as much as 50-60
kg and there is a significant risk of serious injury/damage.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
CCIV comeros musl hove lwo independenl
borriers, bolh on lhecomero cosing ond on
lhe molorised pon-lill-zoom unil.
Ihe ollochmenl poinl musl lorm on
inlegroled porl ol lhe comero cosing;
o screwed-in eyebolls moy speciol
welded ollochmenl poinl or be used.
Allernolively, speciol clomps con be used
os lhe ollochmenl poinl.
8olh lhe comero cosing ond lhe molorised
pon-lill-zoom unil musl be odequolely
secured lo o slruclure.
loll energies.
securing devices.
securing devices.
Crone boom
comero
There have been several cases where a crane camera
has been hit by the crane during lifting operations. Since
bolts through the attachment bracket would be unable to
withstand the forces generated by a collision of this kind, it
is vital to equip crane cameras with two anti-fall barriers.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Crone comeros musl hove lwo
independenl borriers. Where possible,
lhe ollochmenl poinl lor lhe solely
wire should be on inlegroled porl ol lhe
comero cosing: welded ollochmenl poinl
or eyebolls loslened lo end pieces.
Allernolively, speciol closps con be lilled
round lhe comero cosing.
Ihe solely wire musl run lrom lhe comero
cosing lhrough lhe brockel lhol is holding
lhe comero ond lhen lhrough lhe
ollochmenl brockel belore being
olloched securely lo lhe slruclure ol lhe
crone boom.
loll energies.
securing devices.
securing devices.
Loudspeokers
There have been several cases where we have discovered
loose screw connections between loudspeakers and
attachment braces/brackets.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Loudspeokers musl be loslened lo lhe
brockels in o monner lhol permils
odequole locking ol ollochmenl bolls.
Loudspeokers musl be ploced where
lhey ore nol ol risk ol being hil by
mobile equipmenl.
ll lhere is o risk ol being hil by mobile
equipmenl, loudspeokers musl eilher
be prolecled by reinlorced broces or
equipped wilh o solely wire.
loll energies.
securing devices.
securing devices.
Junclion boxes
ond cobinels
Several risk factors have been discovered relating to
the incorrect location of junction boxes and cabinets, to
defective suspension/fastening and to inadequate securing
of hatches, doors and covers.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Junclion boxes ond cobinels musl be
locoled where lhey do nol obslrucl
possoge woys, evocuolion roules or
mobile equipmenl.
Ihe lype ond design ol suspensionJ
loslening musl loke occounl ol colculoled
loods ond known polenliol exlernol
slress loclors.
Hinged holchesJdoors musl be secured
ogoinsl uninlenlionol disengogemenl ond
lhe locking device musl hove lwo borriers
ogoinsl opening.
Lorge delochoble holches on mochinery
ol heighl, ond inspeclion holches musl be
secured by o wireJchoin.
Covers musl be secured by screws lhol
ore securedJlocked lo prevenl unscrewing
or by lhe cover being secured wilh on
inlernol wire or choin.
Ihe securing device musl be designed lo
supporl lhe relevonl loods.
Coble ducls
Many instances have been discovered of loose nuts and
bolts in the joints and fastenings of cable ducts (electro-
steel), probably as a result of vibration and/or faulty
installation.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Only bolled conneclions lhol hove
been opproved by lhe supplier ol lhe coble
supporl syslem moy be used lor loslening
ond joining.
Pipe clips musl hove on odequole screw
conneclion lor lunclionol locking.
When olloching lhe coble supporl syslem
lo o slruclure, lhe risk ol golvonic
corrosion musl be ossessed ond insulolion
considered where oppropriole.
Colculolions musl be ovoiloble lor lhe
ollochmenl poinl ond necessory
lighlening lorque.
Ihe user monuolJinslruclions musl olso
provide guidelines lor correcl inslollolion,
bolh in lhe joinls ond lhe ollochmenl.
ln oddilion, lhe user monuolJinslruclions
musl provide guidelines lor necessory
moinlenonceJrelighlening ond inspeclion
ol bolh eleclro-sleel ond boll ond
screw conneclions.
Wind wolls
Many cases of damage and loose panels have been
found in wind walls. This is presumably due both to faulty
installation and to external factors (collisions with mobile
equipment and exposure to wind and weather).
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Ihe lype ond melhod ol ollochmenl
should be chosen in occordonce wilh lhe
monuloclurers inslruclions. Ihe prelerred
solulion is lhrough-bolls wilh lock nuls.
Wind-woll ponels musl be loslened lo o
seporole supporlJslruclure ond never lo
lhe moin slruclure.
Wind woll ponels musl olwoys be
reinlorced by horizonlol sleel beoms in
occordonce wilh lhe design loods.
Areos lhol ore exposed lo collision risk
musl hove slronger corner mounlings
secured by lhrough-bolls ond lock nuls.
Ihe monuloclurer musl provide guidelines
lor inslollolion, necessory moinlenonce
ond inspeclion ol wind-woll ponels
ond ollochmenl.
5igns
Methods for attaching and hanging up signs have in many
cases proved unsatisfactory.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
ldeolly, signoge should be poinled direclly
upon slruclure. Where lhis is nol possible:
5igns musl be securely olloched so os lo
ensure lhol lhey do nol occidenlolly come
loose ond loll down.
8rockels ond lromes lor signs musl
olwoys be securely olloched.
Where lhe underlying moleriol permils,
sign lromes should be olloched using
lhrough-bolls.
ldenlilicolion lobels lhol ore poinled
or sluck on ore recommended lor
idenlilicolion ol pipe syslems. ll lhe
lemperolure precludes lhis, idenlilicolion
lobels should be olloched wilh sleel lope.
Volve wheels
ond hondles
Many cases have been discovered where valve wheels
and valve handles for manual stop valves are not
adequately secured.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Volve wheels ond hondles musl hove lwo
independenl borriers.
Where possible, nuls ond splil pins should
be used in lhe volve slem on slolionory
volve hondles ond wheels.
- On lorge hondles ond wheels bolls ond
lock nuls should be used insleod ol
splil pins.
When mobile hondles ond wheels ore
used, lhey should be secured by o boll,
or locked by o splil pin, lhrough lhe
volve slem.
During sloroge, hondles ond wheels musl
be odequolely secured ogoinsl lolling.
ll 5eeger rings ore used lor lockingJ
securing, lrequenl inspeclions musl be
mode lo check lor corrosion ondJor
mechonicol domoge.
5nolch blocks
Previously snatch blocks had a securing wire as a
secondary barrier. This is not a satisfactory way of
securing blocks as the wire used for this purpose will be
unable to prevent the equipment from falling if the shaft or
the suspension were to come loose.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
8locks musl hove lwo borriers in lhe
suspension ond lwo borriers in lhe sholl.
A moinlenonce progromme musl be
esloblished in occordonce wilh lhe
inslruclions where lhere is o requiremenl
o compelenl person ol blocks, shockles
ond lilling lugs.
8locks musl be dismonlled ol lhe requesl
ol lhe compelenl person or in occordonce
wilh lhe monuloclurers recommendolions
or, in ony cose, ol leosl every lillh yeor.
A compelence molrix musl be drown up
lor personnel who ore lo moinloin ond
operole snolch blocks.
Umbilicol
roller sheoves
As a result of inadequate securing of rollers in umbilical
roller sheaves, there have been several serious incidents
where rollers have worked loose and fallen onto the deck.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
kollers musl be secured wilh lwo
independenl borriers. Ihe prelerred
solulion is lo use lhrough bolls wilh lock
nuls ond splil pins.
Ihe umbilicol musl be inslolled on deck
ond lhe supporl rollers reinslolled.
An umbilicol roller sheove musl be used
exclusively lor lhe purpose lor which il
wos delivered, ie il is nol permilled lo use
il lor suspending wires.
An umbilicol roller sheove musl hove
ils own moinlenonce progromme ond be
subjecled lo onnuol lesling ond inspeclion
in occordonce wilh lhe monuloclurers
inslruclions.
securing devices.
securing devices.
Honging hoses
(Example only)
Securing hanging hoses, in particular jet water hoses,
presents a safety problem. Use of clips and chains has
proven unsatisfactory. With their many parts, the clips
themselves constitute a falling object risk. Incorrect
positioning of clips and chain loops that are too long have
resulted in breakage/bursting and hoses falling down.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Ihe securing syslem lor hoses musl be
designed lo supporl lhe moximum loods
generoled by o bursl hosepipe. Ihe
colculolion bosis musl be documenled.
Ihe required resislonce lo chemicols,
heol ond UV rodiolion musl olso be
documenled.
Ihe securing syslem lor hoses musl be
cerlilied ond lroceoble.
Ihe user monuolJinslruclions musl olso
provide deloiled guidelines lor correcl
inslollolion ol lhe hose securing syslem.
ll musl be possible lor lhe locililys own
personnel lo corry oul lhe inslollolion.
Ihe personnel musl hove documenled
lroining.
Ihe user monuolJinslruclions musl
moinlenonce ond inspeclion ol lhe hose
securing syslem.
Lood corriers
Forklift pockets, frame,
tank and tank top
Forklift pockets and roof
Forklift pockets, frame
and tank top
Iypicol londing siles lor
polenliol lolling objecls
Several serious incidents have been discovered relating to the
use and dispatch of carriers (containers, baskets, tanks etc).
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Choin slings musl hove lhe necessory
cerlilicolion, be inlocl, wilhoul lwisls ond
shockles ond equipped wilh nuls ond
splil pins.
Corriers musl hove lhe necessory
idenlilicolion ond cerlilied lilling lugs.
Lilling lugs, doors, hinges ond locks musl
nol be delormed or domoged.
Permilled loods in conloiners ond boskels
musl be well dislribuled ond odequolely
secured by slomping, use ol loshing rings,
loshing ond nels (boskels}. Loshing rings
musl nol come inlo conlocl wilh shorp
edges ond podding should be used where
oppropriole. Heovy objecls musl be
ploced ol lhe bollom.
Ionks musl hove secured ond seoled
monholesJvolves. All olloched equipmenl
(grids, covers, ploles elc} musl be
odequolely secured. Ihe permilled lood
musl nol be exceeded.
ll musl be ensured lhol lhere ore no loose
objecls in lhe lorklill pockels or on lop ol
lhe corriers or loods.
Documenlolion musl be checked oul
(signed} belore lronsporl lo ond
lrom locolions.
Iemporory
sloroge ploces
Many cases have been discovered where the design of
racks for temporary storage of materials and equipment
do not ensure safe storage.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
Ensure lhol lemporory sloroge in modules
is permilled in o conlrolled monner wilh
respecl lo lype ol goods, shell lile, sloroge
oreo, cleonliness ond orderliness, so lhol
lhe sloroge does nol obslrucl occess or
egress in olorm siluolions.
Ensure lhol lhe slored moleriols do nol
obslrucl occess lo emergency equipmenl.
5loroge rocks musl be designed so os
lo ensure lhol lempororily slored
moleriol connol loll down by occidenl.
On mobile unils, lemporory sloroge ploces
musl be secured lor morilime condilions.
Unnecessory
equipmenl ol heighl
Inspections have revealed the frequent presence at
height of equipment that is not in use. In view of the fact
that equipment that is not in use is often excluded from
established inspection and maintenance procedures, this
involves a considerable risk potential.
FUNCIlONAL
kECOMMENDAIlON5
kegulor onolyses musl be mode ol whol
equipmenl is needed.
Equipmenl lhol is nol in use musl
be removed.
Anolyses musl olso be corried oul lo
esloblish whelher equipmenl should be
moved lo reduce lhe risk ol collision wilh
mobile equipmenl.
lnspeclion ond moinlenonce procedures
musl be revised regulorly. Ihis should
ensure inspeclions ond moinlenonce ol
remoining equipmenl.
A linol check musl be mode lo ensure
lhol no equipmenlJmoleriols ore
lorgollen ololl.
Noles:
Noles:
Noles:
We thank Statoil for their kind assistance
in the publication of this document.

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DROPS Relaqiable Securing Metids

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DROPPED OBJECTS AWARENESS AND PREVENTION

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