RB-EG-UE301 Comparison ASME B31.1, B31.3 and B31.

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RB-EG-UE301 Comparison ASME B31.1, B31.3 and B31.8

This is a LIVE STUDY document and will be changed without notice. The content may contain errors and omissions. ASME B31.1 (2008) Power piping: typically found in electric power generating stations, in heating and cooling systems ASME B31.3 (2008) Process piping: typically found in petroleum refineries, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile and paper plants ASME B31.8 (2007) Gas transportation and distribution systems: piping transporting products, predominantly gas Exclusions:

Applicable: boiler external piping from first joint up to and including first block valve for boilers where:

Exclusions:

steam or vapor is generated over 100 kPa high temperature water over 1103 kPa and/or temperatures of 120 Celsius

piping systems pressure above 0 and less 105 kPa nonflammable, nontoxic and not damaging to human tissues power boilers covered in BPV code and external piping covered in B31.1 tubes, tube headers, crossovers and manifolds of fired heaters pressure vessels, heat exchangers, pumps

pressure vessels, heat exchangers, pumps metal temperatures below 28.88 Celsius (-20 F) or over 232.22 Celsius (450 F) piping beyond customer's meter set assembly piping in refineries, natural gasoline extraction, gas treating plants vent piping to substantially atmospheric pressures wellhead assemblies proprietary items such as equipment liquid petroleum transportation systems, slurry transportation, carbon dioxide and liquefied natural gas piping systems

Excluding: fatigue due to pressure cycling

Including: fatigue due pressure cycling and thermal cycling

Allowable stress:

Allowable stress:

Allowable stress:

as per tables in Appendix A shear to remain below 80%, bearing to remain below 160% of allowable stress basis are same as ASME section II Part D Appendix 1 except for cast iron and ductile iron

as per Table A-1 and A-2 shear to remain below 80%, bearing to remain below 160% of allowable stress basis for bolting, cast iron, other material flanges due to leakage below 75% allowable stress of unlisted material (not conforming 323.1.2) can not be used

as per table Appendix D times temperature derating factor in table 841.116A

Materials: material of unknown specification shall not be used for pressure containing components Quality factor E: depending type of weld, radiography and material Factor y: factor depending Ferritic, Austenitic, Nickel and design temperature Factor W: weld strength reduction factor

Materials: material of unknown specification shall not be used for pressure containing components Quality factor E: depending type of weld, radiography and material

Materials: material only as per Appendix A Quality factor E: depending type of weld, radiography and material

Factor W: weld strength reduction factor Factor f: stress range factor

Factor F: design factor Factor T: temperature derating factor, compensate material allowable stress values for temperature, Table 841.166A Pipe under internal pressure (841.11):

Pipe under internal pressure (104.1.2 and 104.1.4 (in creep)):

Pipe under internal pressure (304.1.2):

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RB-EG-UE301 Comparison ASME B31.1, B31.3 and B31.8

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P = internal design pressure D0 = outside diameter of pipe SE = maximum allowable stress, including quality factor tm = minimum required thickness y = coefficient table 104.1.2A A = additional thickness to compensate threading, provide additional strength, corrosion allowance W = Weld strength reduction factor when in creep range, is 1 outside creep range (table 102.4.7) Bend under internal pressure (102.4.5):

P = internal design pressure D = outside diameter of pipe S = stress value for material E = quality factor t = pressure design thickness y = coefficient, also from table 304.1.1 W = Weld strength reduction factor

P = internal design pressure D = nominal outside diameter of pipe S = specified minimum yield strength E = longitudinal joint factor, table 841.115A t = wall thickness F = design factor from table 841.114A T = Temperature derating factor from table 841.116A

Bend under internal pressure (304.2.1):

Bend under internal pressure (841.231): For cold bends the deflection of longitudinal axis and the radius is limited according table in paragraph 841.231 Hot bends are to be designed and manufactured according ASME B16.49, the internal pressure rating shall not be less than that which is calculated for straight seamless pipe and the intrados wall thickness should be:

pipe under internal pressure where I for intrados is:

pipe under internal pressure where I for intrados is:

and I for the extrados is:

and I for the extrados is:

and at sidewall I = 1.0, and at sidewall I = 1.0, R = radius of pipe bend R = radius of pipe bend where the t the wall thickness of the pipe is

Elbows under internal pressure (102.4.5): Elbows manufactured according standards listed in Table 126.1 are suitable for use at the pressuretemperature ratings specified by such standards. Elbows not according above standards or for which design formulas and not given in the code shall be based on calculations consistent with the design criteria of this code. These calculations shall be substantiated by one or more of the means stated in A B C or D of 104.7.2 (Does this mean or allow that an elbow can be calculated according a bend with uniform thickness? Refer B31.3) Miter bends under internal pressure (104.3.3): 1. Only straight pipe calculations required if:

Elbows under internal pressure (304.2.1): Elbows manufactured according standards listed in Table 326.1 are suitable for use at the pressure-temperature ratings specified by such standards. Elbows not according above standards or for which design formulas and not given in the code shall be based on calculations consistent with the design criteria of this code. These calculations shall be substantiated by one or more of the means stated in A B C or D of 304.7.2, or the elbow can be calculated according the Bend calculation, refer 304.2.2.

Elbows under internal pressure (841.231?): No specific design rules are listed for fabricated elbows (Does this mean or allow that an elbow can be calculated according a bend with uniform thickness? Refer B31.3)

Miter bends under internal pressure (304.2.3): 1. When theta =< 22.5 deg than max. allowable pressure shall be the lesser of (t = T - c):

Miter bends under internal pressure (841.232): 1. If system hoop stress > 40% of specified minimum yield strength miter bends are not permitted. Deflections caused by misalignment up to 3 deg are not considered as miters. 2. If 10% < hoop stress < 40% SMYS the deflection of each miter shall not exceed 12.5 deg.

2. Pressure shall be limited to 70 kPa if: or and thickness is not less than required for straight pipe 3. Pressure shall be limited to 700 kPa if: and and thickness is not less than required for straight pipe 4. For pressure over 700 kPa: proof test, FEA, etc For all miter bends the R1 shall not be less than: 2. When theta > 22.5 deg than max. allowable pressure shall calculated as (t = T - c): and

3. If hoop stress < 10% SMYS the total deflection angle shall not exceed 90 deg. 4. If hoop stress > 10% SMYS the distance measured at the crotch shall not be less than one pipe diameter

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RB-EG-UE301 Comparison ASME B31.1, B31.3 and B31.8

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required with a defined minimum for closely spaced and widely spaced miter bend with A: (T-c)=<13mm A = 25 13 < (T-c)=<22mmA=2(T-c) (T-c)>22mmA = 2(T-c)/3 + 30 Reducer under internal pressure (104.6): 1. Flanged reducer according Table 126.1 are considered suitable at the specified pressure temperature ratings. 2. Where butt welding reducers are made to a nominal pipe thickness, the reducers shall be considered suitable for use with pipe of the same nominal thickness. 3. Components not covered by the standards listed in Table 126.1 shall be based on calculation consistent with this code. Calculations are to be substantiated by one of: - extensive, successful service experience - experimental analysis - proof test - detailed stress analysis, such as finite element analysis (Is ASME VIII div.1 UG32 acceptable?) Reducer under internal pressure (304.6.1(b)): 1. Reducers according Table 326.1 shall be considered suitable for use at established pressure-temperature ratings or corresponding straight pipe with 87.5% of nominal wall thickness. 2. Concentric reducers not listed in Table 326.1 may be designed according closures as per ASME VIII div.1 3. Eccentric reducers not listed in Table 326.1 are qualified as unlisted components and shall be designed and documented substantiated by one of: - extensive, successful service experience - experimental analysis - proof test - detailed stress analysis, such as finite element analysis (Is ASME VIII div.1 UG32 acceptable?)

Reducer under internal pressure (831.373): 1. Steel butt welded fittings shall comply with ASME B16.9 or MSS Standard Practice and shall have pressure and temperature ratings based on stresses for pipe of the same of equivalent material (831.31b) 2. Other pressure containing components shall be designed the according design philosophy of this code substantiated by one of: - extensive, successful service experience - experimental analysis - proof test - engineering calculations 3. Closure heads such as flat, ellipsoidal, spherical or conical heads are allowed for use under this code. Such items may be designed in accordance with ASME VIII div.1 (UG32).

Stubon under internal pressure (104.3.1(D)): Required reinforcement area is

Stubon under internal pressure (304.3.3): Required reinforcement area is

Stubon under internal pressure (831.4 and app. F): Required reinforcement area is (Fig. F5):

= angle between branch and run with A is additional thickness

= angle between branch and run excess header, with header reinforcement by branch with attached reinforcement, weld area and other area Assessment: attached reinforcement, weld area and other area reinforcement by

for corrosion and tolerances, tmh from straight pipe calculation (104.1.2) header excess area, with

branch excess

Assessment: Area A2, A3 and A4 to be multiplied by the ratio of allowable working stress, maximum multiplication factor is 1.0 (para. 304.3.3(f3)) If then assess

Area A2 and A3 to be multiplied by the ratio of allowable working stress, maximum multiplication factor is 1.0 (para. 831.4(f))

tr is reinforcement pad thickness weld area area reinforcement ring area saddle on right angle connections Assessment: Area A2, A3, A4 and A5 to be multiplied by the ratio of allowable working stress, maximum multiplication factor is 1.0 (para. 104.3.1(D.2.3))

If then assess

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RB-EG-UE301 Comparison ASME B31.1, B31.3 and B31.8

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Tee (extruded outlet) under internal pressure (104.3.1(G)): Required reinforcement area is

Tee (extruded outlet) under internal pressure (304.3.4): Required reinforcement area is

Tee (extruded outlet) under internal pressure (831.4 ref. App. F): Required reinforcement area is

K = 1.0 when K = 1.0 when K= K= when when K = 0.7 when reinforcement by header reinforcement by branch with excess branch area area excess branch area Assessment: Assessment: If If then assess then assess Weldolet (branch) under internal pressure (831.4 ref. App. F): Required reinforcement area is (Fig. F5): Assessment: excess branch K = 0.7 when reinforcement by header reinforcement by branch with by branch with by header reinforcement K = 1.0 when d/D > 0.60 K = 0.6+(2d)/(3D) when 0.15 < d/D <= 0.60 K = 0.7 when d/D <= 0.15 reinforcement

Weldolet (branch) under internal pressure (104.3.1 Weldolet (branch) under internal pressure (304.3.3): (D)): Required reinforcement area is Required reinforcement area is reinforcement by reinforcement by header, with header, with

reinforcement by header reinforcement by branch with reinforcement by branch with with with = thickness pad or height of 60 deg angle fitting with in reinforcement material = area provided by deposited weld metal excess weldolet area in reinforcement zone Assessment: Area A2, A3, A4 and A5 to be multiplied by the ratio of allowable working stress, maximum multiplication factor is 1.0 (para. 104.3.1(D.2.3)) Cap under internal pressure (104.4.1(B)): Cap under internal pressure (304.4.1(b)): Can be calculated with ASME VIII div.1 UG-32 app.1-4 Can be calculated with ASME VIII div.1 UG-32 app.14 L = radius dish r = radius knuckle L = radius dish r = radius knuckle or or L = radius dish r = radius knuckle or Cap under internal pressure (831.372 and 831.373): Can be calculated with ASME VIII div.1 UG-32 app.1-4 = thickness pad or a height of 0 = area provided by deposited weld metal and attached reinforcement Assessment: Area A2, A3 and A4 to be multiplied by the ratio of allowable working stress, maximum multiplication factor is 1.0 (para. 304.3.3(f3)) reinforcement by branch with attached reinforcement, weld area and other area Assessment: Area A2 and A3 to be multiplied by the ratio of allowable working stress, maximum multiplication factor is 1.0 (para. 831.4(f))

Flat closure under internal pressure (104.4.1(b)):

Flat closure under internal pressure (304.4.1(b)):

Flat closure under internal pressure

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RB-EG-UE301 Comparison ASME B31.1, B31.3 and B31.8

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Can be calculated with ASME VIII div.1 UG 34

Can be calculated with ASME VIII div.1 UG 34

(831.373): Can be calculated with ASME VIII div.1 UG 34 Flange under internal pressure (831.2): Allowed to use: ASME B16 series as listed in Appendix A such as B16.5. Also MSS SP-44.

Flange under internal pressure (104.5.1(B)):

Flange under internal pressure (304.5.1(b)):

Can be calculated according ASME VIII div.1 app. 2 Can be calculated according ASME VIII div.1 app. 2 using using B31.3 allowable stresses and temperature limits B31.3 allowable stresses and temperature limits with: with: = design gauge pressure = design gauge pressure = bolt design stress at atmospheric temperature = bolt design stress at design temperature = product SE Blind flange under internal pressure (104.5.2(B)): Can be calculated according ASME VIII div.1 UG-34 with: Blind flange under internal pressure (304.5.2(b)): Can be calculated according ASME VIII div.1 UG-34 with: = bolt design stress at atmospheric temperature = bolt design stress at design temperature = product SEW

For slip-on welding flanges reference is made to ASME VIII div.1 design. Can ASME VIII div.1 be used for calculation? Blind flange under internal pressure:

= sum of allowances = sum of allowances = internal design gauge pressure = product SE = pressure design thickness as per ASME VIII div. 1 UG-34 Blanks (spade) under internal pressure (304.5.3 (B)): = internal design gauge pressure = product SEW = pressure design thickness as per ASME VIII div. 1 UG-34

Can ASME VIII div.1 be used?

Blanks (spade) under internal pressure (304.5.3(b)):

Blanks (spade) under internal pressure:

= sum of allowances = sum of allowances = inside diameter of gasket = inside diameter of gasket

Can ASME VIII div.1 be used?

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