import java.applet.* ; import java.awt.

* ; public class SimplifiedSudoku extends Applet implements Runnable { /** The model */ protected int model[][] ; /** The view */ protected Button view[][] ; /** Creates the model and sets up the initial situation */ protected void createModel() { model = new int[9][9] ; // Clear all cells for( int row = 0; row < 9; row++ ) for( int col = 0; col < 9; col++ ) model[row][col] = 0 ; // Create the initial situation model[0][0] = 9 ; model[0][4] = 2 ; model[1][0] = 6 ; model[1][4] = 5 ; model[2][1] = 2 ; model[2][3] = 4 ; model[3][0] = 2 ; model[3][2] = 8 ; model[4][1] = 7 ; model[4][3] = 5 ; model[5][6] = 4 ; model[5][8] = 1 ; model[6][1] = 1 ; model[6][5] = 5 ; model[7][4] = 7 ; model[7][8] = 4 ; model[8][1] = 8 ; model[8][2] = 2 ; } /** Creates an empty view */ protected void createView() { setLayout( new GridLayout(9,9) ) ; view = new Button[9][9] ; // Create an empty view for( int row = 0; row < 9; row++ ) for( int col = 0; col < 9; col++ ) { view[row][col] = new Button() ; add( view[row][col] ) ; } } /** Updates the view from the model */ protected void updateView() { for( int row = 0; row < 9; row++ )
1

model[0][6] = 7 ; model[1][7] = 4 ; model[2][7] = 1 ; model[4][5] = 9 ; model[6][7] = 8 ; model[8][4] = 4 ;

model[0][7] = 5 ;

model[4][7] = 6 ; model[7][1] = 9 ; model[8][8] = 6 ;

for( int col = 0; col < 9; col++ ) if( model[row][col] != 0 ) view[row][col].setLabel( String.valueOf(model[row][col]) ) ; else view[row][col].setLabel( "" ) ; } /** This method is called by the browser when the applet is loaded */ public void init() { createModel() ; createView() ; updateView() ; } /** Checks if num is an acceptable value for the given row */ protected boolean checkRow( int row, int num ) { for( int col = 0; col < 9; col++ ) if( model[row][col] == num ) return false ; return true ; } /** Checks if num is an acceptable value for the given column */ protected boolean checkCol( int col, int num ) { for( int row = 0; row < 9; row++ ) if( model[row][col] == num ) return false ; return true ; } /** Checks if num is an acceptable value for the box around row and col */ protected boolean checkBox( int row, int col, int num ) { row = (row / 3) * 3 ; col = (col / 3) * 3 ; for( int r = 0; r < 3; r++ ) for( int c = 0; c < 3; c++ ) if( model[row+r][col+c] == num ) return false ; return true ; } /** This method is called by the browser to start the applet */
2

public void start() { // This statement will start the method 'run' to in a new thread (new Thread(this)).start() ; } /** The active part begins here */ public void run() { try { // Let the observers see the initial position Thread.sleep( 1000 ) ; // Start to solve the puzzle in the left upper corner solve( 0, 0 ) ; } catch( Exception e ) { } } /** Recursive function to find a valid number for one single cell */ public void solve( int row, int col ) throws Exception { // Throw an exception to stop the process if the puzzle is solved if( row > 8 ) throw new Exception( "Solution found" ) ; // If the cell is not empty, continue with the next cell if( model[row][col] != 0 ) next( row, col ) ; else { // Find a valid number for the empty cell for( int num = 1; num < 10; num++ ) { if( checkRow(row,num) && checkCol(col,num) && checkBox(row,col,num) ) { model[row][col] = num ; updateView() ; // Let the observer see it Thread.sleep( 1000 ) ; // Delegate work on the next cell to a recursive call next( row, col ) ; } }
3

// No valid number was found, clean up and return to caller model[row][col] = 0 ; updateView() ; } } /** Calls solve for the next cell */ public void next( int row, int col ) throws Exception { if( col < 8 ) solve( row, col + 1 ) ; else solve( row + 1, 0 ) ; } }