DICCTIONARY OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATICS

Agent (agent) Smart little program that facilitates the operation of the user. An example of an agent are the Wizards (wizards) that exist in most modern programs. Bandwidth (bandwidth) Technical term that determines the amount of information that can flow through a physical means of data communication, ie, the ability of a connection. A higher bandwidth, better access speed, more people can use the same medium simultaneously. It is measured in hertz or bps (bits per second), eg 32 Kbps, 64 Kbps, 1 Mbps, and so on. Ancho de banda (bandwidth) Trmino tcnico que determina el volumen de informacin que puede circular por un medio fsico de comunicacin de datos, es decir, la capacidad de una conexin. A mayor ancho de banda, mejor velocidad de acceso; ms personas pueden utilizar el mismo medio simultneamente. Se mide en hertz o bps (bits por segundo), por ejemplo 32 Kbps, 64 Kbps, 1 Mbps, etc. Applet (program) Small program made in Java. Archive A unit of information stored on the disk with a specific name. May contain data in machine code, required for the implementation of a program, or information processed by ordinary users. They have an extension consisting of three characters that identify its type or relationship with a particular program. ARP (Address Resolution Protocol, Address Resolution Protocol) An address resolution protocol electronic IP numbers that runs on local networks. Part of the set of TCP / IP. ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange, American Code Standard for Information Interchange) Set of characters, letters and symbols used in all computer systems of any country and language. It allows a common basis for communication. Includes normal letters of the alphabet, but excludes the and all accented. Each symbol has an assigned

number that is common in all countries. The numbers range from 0 to 127. 128 through 255 each language can add other symbols required for his own language. Attachment (attached) It is named a data file (eg a spreadsheet or word processor card) that is sent with an e-mail. For the document to travel, must be coded in some way, because the e-mail can carry only ASCII codes. Among the most popular encoding formats are the UUENCODE, MIME and BinHex. Avatar Originally human figure of a god in Hindu mythology. Fictitious identity, physical representation (face and body) of a person connected to the virtual world. Many people build their digital personality and then find themselves in certain servers (eg, chat rooms) to play or chat with others.

Backbone (spine) High-speed connection that links computers in charge of circulating large volumes of information. The backbones connecting cities or countries and constitute the fundamental structure of communication networks. Networks used WAN backbones and ISPs to interconnect. Banner Advertisement which occupies part of a Web page, usually located at the top, center. Clicking on it, you can reach the advertiser's site. Thus, the banners are generally paid based on click-throughs you get. BBS (Bulletin Board System, Messaging System, also erroneously called Database) Computerized data exchange between a group of people who share the same geographical area, where files, messages and other useful information can be exchanged between users. These are usually amateur systems, are the ancestors isolated from the Internet. The world's largest network that connects the called Fidonet BBSs. Binhex Standard for encoding data on the Macintosh platform, used for sending attachments. Similar in concept to MIME and Uuencode. Bookmark (bookmark or favorites) The menu section of a browser where you can store your favorite sites, then return to them simply by selecting them with a single click from a menu.

Bottleneck (bottleneck) Bottling packet data (information) traveling on a connection, causes delays in communication. Bots Short for robots. These programs are very special, intelligent and autonomous sailing through cyberspace to stop dodging maneuvers. Bots are extremely resourceful and able to react to the situation. They are not necessarily benign: only obey orders from their creators. Very used to cause chaos in the Chats. Browser / Web browser (browser or viewer) A program that can read documents on the Web and follow links (links) to document hypertext document. Browsers make requests for files (pages, etc.) to Web servers as selected by the user and then displayed on the monitor the outcome of the request in the form of multimedia. Among the best known are the Netscape Navigator, Microsoft Explorer and Mosaic. The first browser was called Line Mode Browser, but the first browser was Mosaic terms of dissemination. Usually, the browsers are added plug-ins to enhance their capabilities. Search (Search Engine, so-called search engine) A tool that lets you put content on the Web, searching through a Boolean keywords. Search engines are organized by word or indices (such as Lycos and Infoseek) and thematic search engines or directories (like Yahoo). Within these two basic categories there are hundreds of different search engines, each with different skills or search environments (for example, only for doctors, for fans of pets or for books and magazines). Cable modem Device that connects a computer to the Internet through the connection of coaxial cable. Not really a modem and not to modulate / demodulate because the system is purely digital. Emerges as one of the connection options that would solve the problem of limited bandwidth can be obtained through a telephone connection. Cache Intermediate or temporary storage of information. For example, a browser has a cache where it stores the last pages visited by the user and if any is requested again, the browser displays the site that has accumulated in re-search Internet. The term used to describe the deposit through most frequently requested data. CGI (Common Gateway Interface, Common Interface Intercom)

Set of media and formats to enable and unify the communication between the Web and other external systems such as databases. Similar to ActiveX. Chat Online chat system that allows multiple people around the world talk in real time via their keyboards. There are several chat systems, one of the most widespread is the IRC. Click-throughs Measurement system that stores the number of times a potential customer clicks on a banner ad and visits the advertiser's site. Used as a metric for the sale of advertising space on Web sites. Client side CGI script CGI script that runs / runs on the client. See Server side CGI script. Customer (Client) Computer or program that connects to servers for information. A customer only gets data can not be offered to other customers without deposit on a server. Most people use computers to connect and surf the Internet are customers. Client / Server (Client / Server) Organizational system of computers interconnected by which the Internet works, and many other networking systems. It is based on the separation of the members computers into two categories: those that act as servers (data providers) and others that act as clients (receivers of information). Cookies (cookies) Small data files that some Web sites automatically deposited on the computers of visitors. They do so in order to store there information on people and their preferences. For example, the first time a surfer visits a site and complete a form with your details and profile, the system may send a cookie to assign identification. When the user returns, the Web site will request the cookie to the client computer and, through it, recognize it. Cracker (hacker) Person who specializes in violating security measures of a computer or computer network, passwords and beating defenders to get valuable information you think. The cracker is considered a despicable character and without honor, unlike the hacker. See Firewall.

Cross-platform (multi-platform) Program or device that can be used seamlessly on different hardware platforms and operating systems. A Java language program has this feature. Cybermoney (cyber) Virtual Payment alternatives being developed on the Internet. At this time, the lack of payment mechanisms that guarantee the exchange of money is the main barrier to the development of electronic commerce. Currently, there are different alternatives in experimentation as CyberCash, Cybercoin and mechanisms for the payment of very small amounts, called micropayments. Cyberspace (cyberspace) Is the name of the virtual space (not physical) where people gather on the Internet. Also called the culture and customs of the electronic community. Term coined by science fiction writer William Gibson in his book Neuromancer. See Netiquette. Default (default action) Option assumes that a program if not specified otherwise. Also called "default." Dial-in Internet connection is established through a modem and telephone line. Each user is assigned a dynamic IP number, ie a number issued during communication only. To connect using a suitable standard, such as PPP, SLIP or CSLIP. Dial-up Term now used synonymously with dial-in. Previously defined a connection to the Internet where no assigned IP number. E-mail address (electronic address) A string that uniquely identifies a server (for example, grafikacr.com), a person or a resource (a Web site and online. They consist of several parts of variable length. Addresses are translated by the DNS IP numbers as to be able to travel the Web Directory Search organized by topic. DirectPC

New way to connect to the Internet, based on the use of a satellite dish connected to the computer for 24 hours. Emerges as one of the possibilities of communication that would solve the problem of limited bandwidth that is available on a dial. Check cable modem. DNS (Domain Name System / Server, domain name server) Computer system that is responsible for converting (resolve) the Internet addresses for the corresponding IP address and vice versa. Form the basis of how the email addresses on the Internet are organized hierarchically. See Internic, ARP. Download The process of down (bring) a file from somewhere on the Internet to a user's computer. Check Up-load, the reverse process. Driver It means "control." Additional software is needed to control communication between the system and some physical device such as a monitor or printer. Dynamic IP (Dynamic IP) It reads as the IP number of a computer connected to a service provider via dial-in is awarded at the time of the connection rather than a fixed number. EFF (Electronic Frontier Foundation) Civil body nonprofit Internet. Its objective is: "Civilizing the electronic frontier, making it useful not only for the technical elite, but for the rest of mankind, and to accomplish this while preserving the best traditions of our society: free and open flow of information and communication '( EFF Mission Statement, April 1990). E-mail (electronic mail or email) An Internet service that allows you to send private messages (similar to regular mail) between users. Based on the SMTP. Faster, cheaper and more versatile than any other current media. Also used as a means of group discussion on the mailing lists. Emoticons (or smilies) Graphic character set used to show moods in the print media like e-mail. For example, symbols :-), viewed from the side, show a smiling face can mean joke or wishful thinking. Links (links)

Connections has a Web document (written in HTML). A link can point to references in the same document, another document on the same site, but also to another site, a graphic, video or sound. See Hypertext. Encryption (Encryption) Method to convert the characters of a text so that it is not possible to understand if you read it with the corresponding key. Used to protect the integrity of secret information if it is intercepted. One of the most popular methods of encryption and secure is PGP. Graphical environment Operating system on which the information displayed is represented graphically, as is the case with Windows. Scanner Peripheral device that copies printed by an optical reader. Allows you to convert images, eg photographs, images and Storable treatable by the computer. The conversion process is called digitization. The English term or track scanner means exploring. Extranet Using Internet technology to connect local area network (LAN) of an organization with other networks (eg suppliers and customers). See Intranet. E-ZINE (Electronic Magazine) Electronic magazine, generally amateur, on any subject. Have proliferated because the Internet is possibly the most economical means providing access to as many readers available today.

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions, FAQs) Set of common questions and answers on a particular topic. Used to clear the doubts of the neophytes. Farming, server farm External server that is rented to house information and make it available to Web surfers Hosting Synonym.

Fidonet The network intercom as many amateurs in the world of BBSs, born in 1982. rings together some 30 000 people. Finger Command to obtain information about a person on the Internet (eg e-mail address, mailing address, hobbies), seeking certain information which it could leave a request form. Firewall (fireproof wall) Joint protection programs and special devices that put barriers to foreign access to a particular private network. It is used to protect the resources of an organization of unauthorized external consultations. Firmware Are small programs that usually come on a chip in the hardware, such as the ROM BIOS. Flame (flash) Insulting personal attack. Email offensive. Format Process by adjusting the magnetic surface of a disk to accept the information under a particular operating system. The formatting process marks the logical place to locate the information will allow the disk and synchronizing marks in addition to checking the disk surface. Frame (frame, frame) Instructions in HTML (used to design Web pages), a way of dividing the screen of the navigator in several areas, each with independent movement. For example, a screen can be divided so that there is a vertical frame that occupies the left side of the screen during navigation, which contains the menu of a Web site. The frames are added to the HTML standard the company invented by Netscape and then adopted as a standard. Frame-relay Transport technology widely used for packet data connections in the dedicated lines. Freeware

Policy of free distribution of programs. Used for most Internet software. In general, these programs are created by a student or an organization (usually a university) with the sole purpose of many people in the world can enjoy. They are not necessarily simple: many of them are complex and have taken hundreds of hours of development. Examples of freeware are the operating system Linux (a Unix) or PGP (Pretty Good Privacy encryption software), distributed in this way. FTP (File Transfer Protocol, File Transfer Protocol) It is an Internet service that lets you transfer files (upload and download) between connected computers. Method by which most Internet software is distributed. Full-Duplex. Characteristic of a medium by which you can send and receive data simultaneously. See half-duplex. Gateway Communication device between two or more local area networks (LANs) and remote, usually capable of converting different protocols, acting as translator for the communication. As a generic term is used to refer to any instrument capable of converting or transforming data traveling between two media or technologies. Gopher An Internet service that organizes information and allows access to it simply. It is a precursor to the Web and now is falling into disuse. Created at the University of Minessotta, the name refers to the mascot of the place, which is a mole. Others, however, suggest that a deformation of the phrase goes-fer ("search"). The Gopher solved the problem of how to locate Internet resources, reducing all searchable menus and submenus. Over time, the Gopher was losing popularity with the World Wide Web, thanks to the advantage of multimedia content of images and sound. Guru Person Hacker Technical expert on a topic related to communications or safety in any way, is also a guru. Hackers tend to engage in rape passwords for fun or to show flaws in the systems of protection of a computer network, almost like a sport. Hackers are very respected by the Internet technical community, as opposed to crackers. Half-Duplex

with

much

knowledge

about

topic,

in

general,

technical

Characteristic of a medium by which you can not send and receive data simultaneously. Unlike full-duplex, you should expect a finished transmitting portion to send information through the same medium. In a way, talking on the phone is a process of half-duplex communication, where at times speaking and listening at times, but where it is difficult to communicate if the two participants speak at once. Hardware Physical component of the computer. For example, the monitor, printer or hard disk. The hardware itself does not make a machine work. It is also necessary to install appropriate software. Hypermedia Combination of hypertext and multimedia. One of the great attractions of the Web. Hypertext Concept and term coined by Ted Nelson in 1969. Nelson was a famous computer visionary who researched for 25 years, the chances of interaction between computers and literature. One of the basic concepts for the development of the WWW. Hypertext is a different way of organizing information. Instead of reading a text on an ongoing basis, certain terms are linked to others through relationships (links on) that has. Hypertext allows jumping from one point to another in a text, and through links (with a simple click on the underlined words in bold), allows boaters seeking information of interest on the Web, guided by a different route reasoning. Some programs are widespread, such as Windows Help or CD-ROM encyclopedias are organized as hypertexts. Hit (or access request) Measurement Unit access to certain resources. How to record every request for information that a user makes a server. For example, if a Web site, the application of each image frame page and generates a hit. Therefore, to know how many hits there were in fact, divide the number of hits by the number of objects (text, frames and images) that contains a page, or use a counter access. Home page (main or home page) Information Page of the Web, written in HTML. In general, the term refers to the main page or initial access a site. Host Currently, a synonym for server. Hostname (name of host)

Designation granted by the administrator to a computer. The hostname is part of the email address of that computer, and must be unique for each machine connected to the Internet. HTML (HyperText Markup Language, Hypertext Markup Language) Language defining texts subgroup of SGML, intended to simplify the writing of standard documents. Is the structural basis on which they are designed pages on the World Wide Web. Its definition is provided by the Web Consortium. HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol, Hypertext Transfer Protocol) It is the mechanism for exchanging information that forms the functional basis of the World Wide Web. Hyperdocuments (hyperdocuments) Document with hypertext structure, but also contains references to multimedia objects (sounds, images, videos). Hyperlink Link between two nodes of a hypertext. IMO (In My Opinion, In My Opinion) One of the acronyms used in Internet messages. Also IMHO (In My Humble Opinion, In My Humble Opinion). Impressions (views) Unit of measurement checks how many times a surfer sees a particular advertisement. AI (Artificial Intelligence or AI) Rama computer that analyzes your computer and your chances of having intelligence. The AI looks intelligent reasoning skills, ability to draw conclusions and reactions to new situations of computers and their programs. The reasoning is similar to the human brain (not linear, learn from each situation). There are two branches of AI: the strong (strong) states that one day they can build programs that are really smart and thinking computers. The weak (weak) believes that computers can only be designed to become important tools to model and simulate human thought. Interface (Interface) Visible face of the programs. Interacts with users. The interface includes displays

and design, the language used, buttons and error messages, among other aspects of communication / computer person. ISA English Industry Standard Architecture (Industry Standard Architecture) architecture is adopted in the PC compatible and define how they should be cards that can connect to them. Internet Address Synonymous with IP number. Assigned number that identifies an Internet server. It consists of two or three parts: network number, optional number of sub-network and host number. Check e-mail addresses, DNS. Internet Worm Program similar to a computer virus created by Robert Morris, a Cornell University student who was famous in 1988. The worm exploited a security flaw in a program widely used e-mail and caused disasters to reproduce without limit, and then leaving catatonic infecting the majority of the computers connected to the Internet. The panic caused by the virus was so great that spawned the birth of several organizations dedicated to investigating security breaches of the programs. Internets The most widespread computer network in the world, that connects and communicates to more than 50 million people. He was born in the late sixties as Arpanet and became a revolutionary means of communication. Its structure is based technique in millions of computers that offer all types of information. These computers on 24 hours are called servers and are interconnected throughout the world through different mechanisms of dedicated lines. No matter what type of computers are to intercommunicate using the TCP / IP. The computers that people use to connect to and query the data servers are called clients, and generally accessible through a connection type called dial-in using a modem and telephone line. Internet Called an interconnected group of local networks that use the same Communication protocol. InterNIC (Internet Network Information Center, Center for Internet Network Information) Information center which stores documents on the Internet: RFCs and drafts of documents. Agency concerned to give groups of IP numbers and email addresses to

every organization that wants to connect to the Internet, ensuring that they are unique. Intranet Using Internet technology within the local area network (LAN) and / or wide area network (WAN) within an organization. Create a public place where centralized access to company information. Used well, an intranet can optimize access to the resources of an organization, organize existing data on individual PCs and extend the collaborative work between members of teams. When an intranet extends its boundaries beyond the organizational boundaries, to allow interfacing with the systems of other companies, it is called Extranet. IP (Internet Protocol) Internet Protocol defined in RFC 791. Confirms the basis of Internet communications standard. The IP provides a method to fragment (break into small packets) and route (take from origin to destination) information. It is unsafe because it does not verify that all fragments of the message reaches its destination without getting lost on the road. So, is complemented by the TCP. Number or IP address (IP address) Numeric address assigned to a hardware device (computer, router, etc.). Connected to the Internet over IP. The address consists of four numbers, and each can be 0 to 255, for example, 200.78.67.192. This allows for up to 256 raised to the 4 numbers to assign to computers: about 4 billion. IP addresses are grouped into classes. To convert an IP address in an e-mail address human use DNS. IRC (Internet Relay Chat) One of the most popular interactive chat (chat) to multiple users via Internet. Let thousands of people around the world gather to "talk" simultaneously in written form. ISDN (Integrated Data Network Sevices, Integrated Services Digital Network) Quick connection technology for leased lines and data transmission. Used to access the Internet or a videoconference. While this technology has existed for several years, is still not widespread. Java Programming language created by Sun Microsystems. Since its inception, Java has emerged as an unlikely revolutionary Red As language is simple, object-oriented, distributed, interpreted, robust, secure, neutral with respect to architecture, portable, high performance, multithreaded and dynamic. Java is a programming language, a subset of C + + safe. Subset, because some instructions (such as having to do with memory management) can not be used. Sure, because it adds security features to

programs. A Java applet is automatically lowered to the website and compiled and executed on the local machine. It allows, among other things, add animation and interactivity to a web page, but its most important feature is that a program written in Java can run on any computer . Javascript Scripting language for use in Web pages developed by Netscape. It improves the interactivity and personalization of a site. LAN (Local Area Network, Local Area Network) Interconnected computer networks, distributed on the surface of a single office or building. Also called private data networks. Its main feature is the connection speed. See WAN and MAN. Leased Line (Leased Line) Internet Form (with 24 hour access) via a cable to an Internet provider. This connection can be used by several people simultaneously. List serv Robot software used for managing a mailing list server. Widely used. Log File that records movement and activities of a particular program (log file). Used as a control mechanism and statistics. For example, the log of a Web server can know the profile of visitors to a Web site. Login Security process that requires a user is identified by a name (user ID) and password, to access a computer or a resource. See Telnet. Linx Web Browser in text mode, which allows you to view images. It is still widely used by surfers from UNIX workstations Mail Robot (autoresponder) Program responding e-mail automatically, instantly sending information. Simplifies the task of managing an email. The software used to manage mailing lists are a type of mail robots. Mailing List (listservs)

Method of distributing e-mail group. Mechanisms of group discussions among various people interested in a particular subject. Similar in concept to the newsgroups, but it is not necessary to use a special server as messages are received by the user as an email. Majordomo One type of mail software robot used to manage a mailing list. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network, Metropolitan Area Network) Network resulting from several local area networks (LANs) interconnected by a higher speed link or backbone (eg fiber optic) in some areas. It's the kind of network structure is used, for example, a university campus, which connect the various buildings, student houses, libraries and research centers. A MAN occupies a larger geographical area than a LAN but smaller than a WAN. MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, Extensions Multipurpose e-mail) Specific coding format for the transfer of email and attachments between two computers, containing any data. More modern than the UUEncoding, although less publicized. Mirror Site (site mirror or duplicate) Site that you back regularly or systematically all the information from another site. It is used to reduce and divide the number of hits on a highly visited Web site or requested. Modem (Modulator / Demodulator) A device used to transfer data between computers over a telephone line. Unify information that can be transmitted between two different mediums such as a phone and a computer. Modem speed is measured in units called baud (bits per second), for example, 28,800 baud. The faster the modem, more data can travel through it in less time. Mosaic First widespread browser used for surfing the Web. Developed in February 1993 by Marc Andresen, who founded the company after Netscape. Mudd (Multi User Dungeons & Dragons, castles multi-users) Set of virtual text games to play online. Originated in universities and based on the so-called RPG (role-playing games). They consist of "universes" virtual with

hundreds of parts, defined by programmers, where participants must solve riddles and puzzles, often with the help of other players. Multimedia Combining multiple technologies reporting (images, sound, animation, video, text) with the intention of capturing as many human senses as possible. Prior to the existence of the media, exchange of information with computers was limited to the text. Then with the birth of the graphical user interfaces and developments in video and sound, the media allowed to turn the mode of communication between people and devices to increase the variety of information available. The use of multimedia was the main reason why the World Wide Web facilitated the widespread diffusion of Internet. Surf Browse the web without fixed destination, by following links or addresses. Netiquette Etiquette, customs and morals of the Internet. Emerged as a series of informal policy of "good behavior" and spread from user to user in keeping alive the spirit of selfrespect of the Net An example of these rules is not to write emails in all caps, and the equivalent of SHOUTING!. Newsgroups (discussion groups) Mechanisms of group discussions between people around the world interested in a particular subject. Can create public message boards, users can create, read and answer. Are distributed daily throughout the Internet. It is also the area where public messages are grouped by theme. Similar in concept, but not in operation, the mailing lists. Nickname (Nick, nickname or alias) Name of fantasy that uses an Internet user, for example, to participate in a chat. NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol, Protocol deTransferencia News Network) Internet standard protocol used to exchange and transfer between servers Newsgroups. Standard (or standard) A set of rules about a product or service that ensures uniformity throughout the world in any system that is implemented. There are two types of standards: standard (or standards), generated by special committees, and de facto (or imposed) that when a product is accepted, due to their use becomes universal. The three agencies most active in the development of standards are: ISO (International Standards Organization), the IEE (Institution of American Electrical and Electronic Engineers) and the CCITT (International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Comitee). The rules are based on open systems.

NSLookup (formerly known as Yellow Pages) Program to query the DNS to resolve IP addresses for the domain addresses. Off-line (not online) Delayed communication state, not in real time. On-line (online) Active communication state, also called "real time". Overhead Waste of bandwidth caused by the additional information (control, sequence, etc.). Who must travel as well as data packets from a communication medium. Affects the throughput of a connection. Page (page or Webpage) Unit that displays information on the Web. A page can have any length, although usually equivalent to the amount of text that displays occupy two and a half. The pages are designed in a language called HTML, and contain links to other documents. A set of related pages make up a Site.

Password (key or password) A word used to validate user access to a computer server. PGP (Pretty Good Privacy, Very Good Privacy) Encryption software is widely used freeware, developed by Paul Zimmerman. Method is based on a public key and private key, and is optimized for security. Its efficacy is such that the intelligence services of several countries have already banned. Ping (Unix) Tool that allows to find out if there is a path (communication) TCP / IP between two computers anywhere on the Internet. Pipe (pipe) Informal term for connection, cable, leased line. Plug & Play

Technology that allows you to add devices to a computer (eg CD-ROMs and sound cards) that are connected and configured automatically. Plug-in (added) Program that extends the abilities of a browser, allowing greater functionality. For example, you can add a plug-in that allows watching videos, playing a group game or make a conference call. Port (port) Logical connection and / or physical computer, you can communicate with other devices (eg printer) or to other computers. Internet services (like e-mail or the Web) logical ports used for communication between a client and a server computer. Postmaster Human administrator of an Internet server. When you want to make an inquiry about a user of that server, send an e-mail to the postmaster, who will answer the query. View Sysop and Webmaster.

PPP (Point to Point Protocol) Serial protocol dial-up Internet access (dial-in). More modern than SLIP. Regulated standard (RFC 1134), and supports multi-compression algorithms and authentication of data traveling. It is not yet supported by some software connection. Program Synonymous with software. Set of instructions that are executed in the computer memory to achieve some goal. Created by teams of people (called programmers) in special programming languages, and are designing a user interface that can interact with people who use them. Protocol A set of rules formulated to control the exchange of data between two entities communicated. Be the norm (defined by a trained body, such as CCITT or ISO) or de facto (created by a company and adopted by the rest of the market). Provider (Provider, ISP or Intermediary) Company that mediates between an Internet user and the network itself. Offers the service connection or dedicated dial-in and provides additional services such as Web hosting.

Proxy Server (intermediary, mediator) Used in connection to the Internet refers to a server that mediates between the user (your computer) and a Web server Proxy Server can do, for example, a request for information for a client rather than the customer made directly (method used to exit a firewall). They can also act as translators of files (for example, convert all GIF image that passes through them in BMP, or translate from English to Castilian, or converting the attachments), or caches (storing files in a directory more orders lately, for delivery to a new application without requiring the user to look around the Internet), verify the security (virus, hits allowed, etc..), among many other tasks. Network (Network) Two or more computers connected to perform a function, such as sharing peripherals (printers), information (data, system sales) or to communicate (email). There are several types of networks: according to their hierarchical structure is categorized in client / server network with computers that provide information and consult others that only information, and peer-to-peer, where all the computers offer and consult information simultaneously. In turn, according to the geographical area covered, the networks are organized in LANs (local), MANs (metropolitan) or WANs (wide area). Request (request) Request information or data that makes a client computer to a server. RFC (Request For Comment, request for comment) Documents through which they propose and make changes on the Internet, usually with technical guidance. The RFCs are forms with a certain structure that can be generated and distributed by anyone with a good idea to change or improve some aspect of Internet. The proposals contained in these documents are analyzed, modified and voted on. If useful, are implemented, thus becoming Internet standards. Most of the technical aspects of the Network was born first as RFCs, so today there are hundreds of them. R-login (Remote Login) Access to a server from a remote system. Router (router) Connecting device, and data distribution network. It is responsible for guiding data packets that travel over the Internet to its destination. ROT13

Method of pseudo-data encryption in a public message, used to disguise the shipment of a text that might upset some people. To read it, replace each letter with the one 13 places earlier in the alphabet, eg. "N" to "A", etc.. For example, the phrase "This is encoded with ROT13" would read "pba EBG13 Rfgb pbqvsvpnqb Guvf vf." Many newsgroups programs perform this conversion process automatically. Script Uncompiled program conducted in a simple programming language. See JavaScript. Server side CGI script CGI script that runs / runs on the server. Server (for information) Computer that makes its resources (data, printers, access) the service of others through a network. SET (Secure Electronic Transactions, Secure Electronic Transaction) A standard for encrypted electronic payment that is being developed by Mastercard, Visa and other companies. Similar to SSL. SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language, regulated Generalized Markup Language) Superset of HTML. Language defining other languages with tags, base of the HTML used on the Web. Shareware Software distribution policy which has the right to test a software for a certain period before deciding to buy. The amount to be paid by the program is generally low, almost nominal.

Operating System Suite that is responsible for coordinating the operation of a computer, playing the role of interface between application programs, circuits and devices on a computer. Some of the best known are DOS, Windows, UNIX. Open Systems

Set of interconnected computers of different brands that use the same protocol communication standards. The most widely used standard protocol is TCP / IP. Site (Site) In general, it is used to define a coherent and unified interconnected pages and objects, stored on a server. Formally, it is a service offered by a server in a given port. This definition does not always correspond to a single site with a server, for example, various servers may respond to the same site, as eight servers that make up the search engine Yahoo and it is also possible that a single server attends several sites simultaneously, as happens on the servers of web hosting providers. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, Protocol Simple Mail Transfer) Internet standard protocol for exchanging email messages. Snail mail (snail mail) How the regular mail is known on the Internet. Word game for being slow compared with the immediacy of e-mail. Software Intangible components (programs) of computers. Complement of hardware. The most important software of a computer is the Operating System. Spam Unsolicited email sent to many people. Considered a bad practice of direct marketing by those who know the rules of Netiquette. Spiders (Spiders) Complex autonomous programs that cover the following Web link link after each page stores the latter to be scheduled later in the huge databases of search indexes.

SSL (Secure Socket Layer, Layer Security) Standard encrypted electronic transaction that is being widely used to do business via the Web Streaming (streaming)

Continuous delivery system information, allowing, for example, watch a video as it gets off the Net Style sheets (style sheets) Innovative ease of HTML, similar to that possessed by the word processor that lets you define a design parameter that is repeated on all pages of a site. Sysop (System operator, system operator) Person in charge of managing and maintaining a host. View Postmaster and Webmaster Tag (label) Marker code structure used to structure HTML Web pages. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol, Transmission Control Protocol) Set of communication protocols that are responsible for the security and integrity of data packets that travel over the Internet. Supplement to IP in the TCP / IP. TCP / IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol, Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol) Set of almost 100 data communication programs used to organize computers into networks. Standard Internet communication, composed of two parts: the TCP / IP. The disarming shipments IP packets and routed, while TCP is responsible for the security of the connection, check that all the data arrives, complete, and finally compose the original shipment. Teleconference System that allows you to converse with one or more people simultaneously viewing your clip (video) in addition to voice. Telnet (Unix) A program that allows remote access to a host. Used to connect and control computers located anywhere on the planet. Thread, threaded messages (as discontinuity, messages yarn) Emails (from a newsgroup or a list of interest) related to the same subject, or are responses to a question. Throughput Final performance of a connection. Volume of data that provides a connection as resulting from the sum of its capacity and the subtraction of the overheads that

reduce performance. Unix Operating system designed by Bell Labs and refined in Berkley among others, that supports operations multiuser, multitasking and open standards. Widely on the Internet is used to run on servers. Upgrade Updating a program. Upload (top) Process of sending a file from your computer to other systems within the network. See Download, FTP. URL (Uniform Resource Locator, Uniform Resource Locator) E-mail address (eg iworld.com.ar). Pointer inside HTML pages that specify the transmission protocol and the address of a resource to access it in a Web server remotely. User Account User Account. Similar to user ID. User ID User ID on a computer. Associated with an access code or password. UUEncoding Conversion mechanism that allows you to attach (attachment) any file to a message by encrypting the file in ASCII characters for Internet systems can understand and transmit. Similar to MIME, though less modern and more widespread. Virus Small computer programs that have the ability to parasitize autoduplicarse and other programs. Once spread, the virus is activated under certain circumstances and, in general, cause harm or discomfort W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) Organization that develops standards to guide the expansion of the Web. Organized by CERN and MIT and sponsored by several companies.

WAN (Wide Area Network, Wide Area Network) Resulting from the interconnection of several local networks located in different sites (different cities or countries), communicated through public connections (dedicated lines). The physical connection can be direct (cable) or through a satellite, for example. The connection is slower than a LAN. See MAN, RED. Web. See World Wide Web. Webmaster Administrator and / or author of a Web site. View Postmaster. WebTV Device cross between a simple PC and a TV. It aims to reduce the cost of Net access and simplify its use. Although it was launched in December 1996, has so far had limited distribution. White Pages (white pages) List of email addresses of Internet users. Whiteboard (whiteboard) Special program for group work that allows multiple people to work simultaneously on a project. Although people are not physically in one place, they can work simultaneously from anywhere in the world via the Internet. Workstation (Workstation) Job or a user's computer. Similar to the concept of Customer. Also called small servers and great graphics capabilities, such as Silicon Graphics. World Wide Web or WWW or W3 Set of servers that provide organized sites, each with a number of related pages. The Web is an innovative way to organize all the information on the internet through a common access mechanism easy to use, with the help of hypertext and multimedia. Hypertext allows great flexibility in organizing information, linking texts available worldwide. The media brings color, sound and motion experience. The contents of the Web is written in HTML and can be used with intuitive ease through a program called browser. He became the most popular service of the Internet and is used daily to various uses: from reading a newspaper from another continent to participate in a group game.

Worm (worm) Type virus-like program that is distributed over a network. Its purpose is generally affect or damage the operation of computers. X25 One of the many standardized protocols under international standards, packetswitching communications. Widely used in public communications networks