Code No: R05012305 Set No.

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I B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Distinguish between the unit operations: filtration and centrifugation.

(b) Compare and contrast between oxidation and reduction. [8+8]

2. (a) What is gravitational force constant (gc ) explain its importance with the CGS
units and dimensions.
(b) Define poundal and pound weight. How are they related? What are the
dimensions and units of this conversion factor. [8+8]

3. (a) Find the rate of water draining through a nozzle (2.0 cm dia. ) at the bottom
of a storage vessel. The water level is kept constant at a level of 5 m above
the nozzle.
(b) Write on the application of Bernoullis equation. What are the limitations?
(c) State continuity equation. [8+5+3]

4. (a) Distniguish between Newtonian and non Newtonian fluids by their shear stress
shear rate behaviour. Illustrate with sketches.
(b) State any two 2 parameter models for describing a non Newtonian fluid. Briefly
write on Bingham fluid. [8+8]

5. (a) Write Hagen-Poiseuille equation and explain the terms mentioned in it.
(b) Derive a relation between average velocity and maximum velocity for laminar
flow through pipes. [4+12]

6. What is minimum fluidization velocity? Derive an expression for calculating mini-

mum fluidization velocity. [16]

7. Give a brief explanation on flow measuring systems. [16]

8. (a) Define and explain briefly volumetric efficiency?

(b) Write the working procedure of peristaltic pumps. [5+11]

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Code No: R05012305 Set No. 2
I B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Distinguish between the unit operations: filtration and centrifugation.

(b) Compare and contrast between oxidation and reduction. [8+8]

2. (a) State the dimensions and S.I. units of the following: normality, work, viscosity
and power.
(b) The rate of enzymatic reaction (V, gm/cc. min,) with substrate concentration
(S, gm/cc,) by the following b) Michaelis relation:
V = Vm (S) / ( K + S )
where Vm is maximum reaction rate ,a constant, and K another constant.
What are the units of K and Vm ? What will be the equivalent value of K in
SI system if the same in CGS system is .3 ? [8+8]

3. (a) Water is draining through a nozzle (2.5 cm dia.) at the bottom of a storage
vessel. Find the rate of water to be added so that the level is kept constant
at a level of 3 m above the nozzle.
(b) Apply Bernoullis equation for flow of fluid through converging nozzle (diameter
ratio (0.5) and obtain the expression for pressure difference. What are the
limitations? [8+8]

4. (a) With the help of neat sketch write on the principles of rheology.
(b) Draw the plots of shear stress vs shear rate diagrams for pseudoplastic and
dilatant fluids. Define apparent viscosity and explain its variation.
(c) A Newtonian fluid of µ = 0.8 cp is held over an infinite plate. A plate of
30 cm by 30 cm placed on the upper surface of fluid at a vertical distance of
0.03 cm is moved with constant velocity of 30 cm per sec. Calculate the force
required. [5+5+6]

5. A liquid with a specific gravity of 2.6 and viscosity 2.0cp flows through a smooth
pipe of unknown diameter, resulting in a pressure drop of 0.183psi for 1.73m inch.
What is the pipe diameter if mass flow rate is 7000kg/hr? [16]

6. Explain the significance of packed bed columns (reactors) in immobilized catalyst

(enzyme) reactors. [16]

7. Give a brief explanation on flow measuring systems. [16]

8. (a) On the basis of one extremely useful parameter useful, how can a pump be
selected?

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Code No: R05012305 Set No. 2
(b) Give the specifications of any pump. [8+8]

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Code No: R05012305 Set No. 3
I B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Explain briefly on the following : heat flux, momentum flux, mass diffusivity
(b) Acetone diffuses into air from an open cylindrical cup of 15 cm diameter. In
a particular case the level of acetone decreased by 4 cm in 10 minutes. The
specific gravity of acetone is 1.36. Calculate the mass flux. [8+8]

2. (a) What is gravitational force constant (gc ) explain its importance with the CGS
units and dimensions.
(b) Define poundal and pound weight. How are they related? What are the
dimensions and units of this conversion factor. [8+8]

3. (a) What is the purpose of pump work in the fluid mechanics?

(b) Derive an expression, using Bernoullis equation for estimating the pump work
in a real situation (including efficiency and friction). [6+10]

4. (a) Define absolute, reduced and apparent viscosity terms . State the units in
CGS and SI systems.
(b) Briefly write on the viscosity of a fermentation broth suspension.
(c) Write on capillary viscometer for determining the viscosity. [5+3+8]

5. Explain the boundary layer concept with relative diagram and examples. [16]

6. Spherical particles 1mm in diameter are to be fluidized with water at twice the
minimum velocity. The particles have an internal porosity of 40%, an average pore
diameter of 10µm and a particle density of 1.5gm/cm3 . Prove that the flow through
the internal pores is very small compared to the flow between the particles and that
the internal porosity can be neglected if prediction the fluidization behavior. [16]

7. What are monitoring systems, Explain? [16]

8. It is proposed to pump 10,000kg/hr of toluene at 1140 C and 1.1 atm absolute pres-
sure from the re-boiler of a distillation tower to a second distillation unit without
cooling the toluene before it enters the pump. If the friction loss in the line be-
tween reboiler and pump is 7kN/m2 and the density of toluene is 866kg/m3 , how
far above the pump must the liquid level in the reboiler be maintained t give a net
positive suction head of 2.5m? [16]

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Code No: R05012305 Set No. 4
I B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Distinguish between the unit operations: filtration and centrifugation.

(b) Compare and contrast between oxidation and reduction. [8+8]

2. (a) What is the difference between the two types of force units kg wt and Newton?
How are they defined?
(b) Explain the importance of the interrelation factor between the two. [8+8]

3. (a) What is a compressible fluid?

(b) With the help of a line sketch describe a simple manometer.
(c) Show that in a simple inclined tube manometer :
∆ P = Ri (ρA - ρB ) sin θ Where ∆ P is the pressure difference; Ri is the level
difference of liquid in the manometer measured along the inclined tube ; ρA
and ρB are the densities of the manometric fluid and fluid flowing respectively
and θ is the angle of inclination of the tube to horizontal. [3+6+7]

4. (a) Enumerate Newton’s law of viscosity giving a neat sketch.

(b) Draw the plots of shear stress vs shear rate diagrams for Newtonian and Bing-
ham fluids explain the significance of the yield stress.
(c) Two infinite plates are separated by a fluid layer of 0.025 cm Calculate the
shear stress on the stationary bottom plate when the upper plate is moved
with constant velocity of 40 cm per sec. Assume viscosity of fluid , µ = 0.8cp
.What are the assumptions. [5+5+6]

5. (a) Derive the shear stress distribution for flow through a horizontal pipe.
(b) Give the relation between Skin friction and Wall shear. [11+5]

6. Explain Drag and drag coefficient giving all the relations and equations. [16]

7. Show that for incompressible flow the losses per unit weight of fluid between the
upstream section and throat of a venturimeter are
KV22 /2g if K = { (1/Cv )2 } { (1 - (D2 /D1 ))4 } . [16]

8. It is proposed to pump 10,000kg/hr of toluene at 1140 C and 1.1 atm absolute pres-
sure from the re-boiler of a distillation tower to a second distillation unit without
cooling the toluene before it enters the pump. If the friction loss in the line be-
tween reboiler and pump is 7kN/m2 and the density of toluene is 866kg/m3 , how
far above the pump must the liquid level in the reboiler be maintained t give a net
positive suction head of 2.5m? [16]

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Code No: R05012305 Set No. 4
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