Summer internship 2011

Formulation of Special Project proposal

TRICOR Tribal welfare department Govt. Of Andhra Pradesh Hyderabad

Submitted by:Sampath Gelam PGDFM 2010-12 IIFM Bhopal 10/05/2011

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Summary

There are many reasons to be optimistic about the future. More people are better fed and housed than ever before, global literacy rates are increasing and more people have access to better health care. Despite these significant gains in the common people, however, the need to give special attention to some excluded people who remained underdeveloped, while at the same time increasing the rate of development remains one of the Indias greatest challenges. Firmly believing in and building on this above concept, Tribal welfare Department has entrusted the Andhra Pradesh STs Cooperative Finance Corporation Limited (TRICOR), an organisation supported by Government of Andhra Pradesh, for supervising the development work in the field of livelihood generation through economic support schemes. The programme strategy encompasses both the issues of sustainable livelihood and to make financially strong while aiming towards overall development of the scheduled tribes. TRICOR Special projects were started to fill out the development gaps which are left out during the different government programmes that bring about positive changes, it can have a huge impact on the condition of the tribal population further improving their quality of life. Special projects funded by the Govt. of Andhra Pradesh, seeks to support activities, which demonstrate community-based innovative, gender-sensitive approaches and lessons learned from other development projects that could reduce threats to the poverty pressures. The common thread that binds all the projects under the Special projects is their liaison with different departments for its implementation and subsidies. The special projects are initiative that ensures better bargaining power and hence better sustainability of livelihood. The report has been prepared based on the primary data/information through field survey in 15 tribal thandas/habitations/tribal colonies across the 3 mandals. Data/information were collected on status of existing infrastructure like, road network, availability and adequacy of safe drinking water, availability of education and health infrastructure, and occupational patterns, prospects for horticultural and other agricultural crops, etc. And also the sources of livelihood like agriculture, irrigation facilities, sources of seeds, types of crops pattern, animal husbandry, rural employment schemes and migration to cities. The need based analysis & prioritizing is carried out on the basis of primary data collected from these habitations/thandas, on prioritizing it was found out the drinking water and irrigation facility is the requirement of the people. The rural water supply was approached regarding the water supply, it was found that there is already World Bank project regarding drinking water in these rural areas and the implementing agency is Rural Water Supply (RWS) department.

The irrigation facility is also a major issue, the special project in Mahbubnagar district is intended to comprehensive land development project (CLDP). The project is intended with drilling of bore wells, energization and pipeline system with sprinklers or drip irrigation facilities, and levelling of ground is to be done, the CPLD is done with the priority on the government purchased lands and then private lands are also taken into consideration.

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Work Schedule

Activity Introduction of the organisation, its functioning and about special projects. Collection of secondary data from concerned departments Surveying the area & preparing questionnaires Collection of primary data Need based analysis Reporting to head office about the project status Selection of target group Selection of beneficiaries

Date 7-11th April

Venue Hyderabad

12 -14th April

Mahbubnagar

15 -17th April

Mannanur

18 -22nd April

Different mandals

23-26th April 27 -29th April

Mannanur Hyderabad

30th April- 2nd May

Mannanur

3rd may onwards

Different mandals

Brief Background of Special Project

The special projects are introduced with intension to fill the gaps left out in the existing schemes. In the existing schemes the unit may be proposed with 50 % subsidy or a maximum of 30000 Rs and the implementation is done through banks. The special projects unit may be proposed with 90 % subsidy or a maximum of 75000/- whichever is less and the implementing agency is Mahila Mandal Samakya (MMS) and should also be monitored by Indira Kranti Pratham (IKP) staff. Units have to be grounded by MMS/VO only and have to be closely watched for recording the learnings. Based on the results of this pilot project, proposals will be sent to the government for replication in other areas.

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Objectives completed so far

The objectives completed so far are: Identification of Target group through secondary data. Identification of the critical gaps present in the existing schemes. Need based analysis & prioritizing the needs/requirements with possible interventions. Identification of Beneficiaries (in Process).

Literature Review

There is a detailed project report on the development of schedule tribes inhabiting plain areas in Andhra Pradesh prepared by NABARD consultancy services 15th November 2008. This report has helped in identifying the infrastructure gaps and the developmental needs especially with reference to roads, drinking water, IKP, horticulture, and economic support schemes and reorganization of contiguous tribal habitations and gudems into Gram panchayats. The report is also useful in getting the details regarding the different scheme run by different departments and its effect on the tribal people and also the socio-economic disparities observed among various tribes. It also gives details about the drinking water, road infrastructure, schools and agriculture practices. Approach & methodology

The thorough understanding of the social, demographic and geographic profiles of the target area is carried out through literature review & secondary sources of information. The target group is selected through mapping of the habitations which are weak and vulnerable based on the criterion such as : Poverty levels. Literacy rates. Social evils. Epidemic outbursts. No of un-employed people. Random sampling technique is used. The target group is 3 mandals @ 5 habitations each. In each habitations atleast 10-15 families are approached. Focus group discussions, PRA and RRA are the techniques used for interaction. After which a situation analysis of the existing schemes and programs in the target area is

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carried out through coordination with different departments staff. The need based analysis is carried out in the target area. Taking into cognizance the needs, the critical gaps present in the existing schemes are identified. The identified gaps which are left out are considered in the special projects A strategic proposal to address such critical gaps is expected as economic development of the target group.

Questionnaires developed Annexture1:- Questionnaire used for survey of Habitation I. Primary information Name of the Habitation: ................................................................................. Mandal Name: ................................................................................................. District Name: .................................................................................................. Village Name: ................................................................................................... Gram Panchayat Name: ................................................................................. Population of the habitation: . Name of the Tribe(s): 1) 2) 3) II. Social infrastructure of the habitation:Name of Village where Approx distance from it is available Tribal Habitat Primary School High School College PHC Hospital III. Road Connectivity: Is there a BT road up to your habitation Yes/No If No then distance of the BT road to the habitation: __________ km How habitat is connected to the nearest BT Road and what is the length of each type of road (Tick and write the length in km) a)Mud Path ( ) ( km) c)Morum Road ( ) ( km) b)Cart Track ( ) ( km) d)Metal Road ( ) ( km) What is the distance of habitation to the GP : ________ Km IV. Drinking water supply (Round the year supply of safe drinking water to all habitations is the target) Yes/ NO Whether protected drinking water supply is available Yes/No What is the present drinking water source (Tick)? a)Open wells ( ) d)Water pond/ Tank ( ) b)Borewell with pumpset ( ) e)Hand Pump ( ) c)Overhead tank ( ) f)Water Tanker ( ) g)Others ( ) 5|Page

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Distance travelled to fetch drinking water: (KMs). Whether water is available during summers:- Yes/No Whether the Govt is supplying water in tankers during summer:-Yes/No Is there a problem in quality of drinking water:-Yes/No If Yes, what is the problem (tick) Bacterial contamination ( ) Fluoride ( ) Other ( ) Whether good drainage facilities available around drinking water source:-Yes/No Whether drinking water supplied is adequate in the habitation:- Yes/No What is required for improving the drinking water supply system: a) Pumpset New / Repair b) Overhead tank New / Repair c) Filtration unit New / Repair d) Taps New / Repair e) Hand pump New / Repair f) New Source of drinking water Yes/No What is the distance of the new source proposed from the habitation: ..........Km V. Sources of Income in the habitation ( give names) Major agriculture crops cultivated 1. .. 2. ..... 3. . 4. . Major horticulture crops cultivated:1).... 2) 3). 4).. Major animal husbandry activities 1).. 2).. 3).. 4).. Forest produce collected. 1).. 2) . 3). 4). VI. Labour employment: Is labour employment available locally__________________Yes/No Average employment available locally in a year:___________ days/year Whether tribals migrate for employment ____________ Yes/No If yes, how days of an year tribal migrate for employment: ............days/year Where do the migrate for work :____________ ___________ _________ Which months of the year, tribal migrate for employment: _______________ VII Sanitation facility: Good./Average/Bad Epidemics (if any).. VII Name of the Habitation Leader: Contact number of Habitation Leader (if any)

Annexure2: Questionnaire for individual

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I. General Information Name of the habitat........................................................................................................................... Name of the Village.......................................................................................................... .................. Name of the Respondent.................................................................................................................. Age........................................................... Education.................................................. .................... Tribe .................................................................................................................................. Primary Occupation................................................................................. ........................................... Secondary Occupation......................................................................................................... ............... II. Family Structure: S.No. Name R/W with Respondent Age Education Occupation

III. Land Related Information: Total land owned by the family............................................................................................... ........... Irrigated land...................................................................................................................................... Unirrigated land............................................................................................................. ..................... Cultivating land......................................................................................................................... .......... Uncultivated wasteland.................................................................................................. .................... IV. NREGS:Involved in NREGS scheme:- Yes/ No How many work days the family gets from NREGS:- V. Irrigation Facilities: Yes/No Source: Own well.................................................... Others well........................................... ........... Well........................................... Depth....................................... Diameter.........................

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Tube/Bore well.............................................. Depth................................................. Tank.......................................... Canal............................... .............................................. Pump: Electric Pump/Diesel/Submersible................................................................................. Pumping Hours: Kharif.,Rabi..,Summer. Area irrigated: Kharif.,Rabi..,Summer VI. Other Inputs: Seeds & Fertilizer : Purchasing Agency or Shop :-. Source of incomes for Seeds & fertilizers :- Name.Kg/ha. Name.Kg/ha... Name.Kg/ha VII. Agricultural: Average Crop Yield (Previous Year) Sl. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Crop Rice Cotton Maize Vegetables Red gram Castor Season Crop Planted Area Duration(months) (acre) Yield (quintal)

VIII. Earnings from Animals: Animals Owned: Cow..Buffalo hens BullocksSheep..Goats Expenditure on Animals: Fodder dry..Kg, Source. Fodder greenKg, Source.. Health... Total annual milk production........... 8|Page

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Quantity of milk sold..Rate. Other income from animals: Sale.Wool..Others. IX. Changes in Past 5 Years: Land Sold/Purchased......... Increase/Decrease in Irrigation....................................................Source............................................ Increase in Assets........................................................................................................... .................... No. of family member settled outside village..................................................................................... No. of members engaged in agriculture full time............................................................................. X. Income from Forest sources Whether NTFP is collected by the Family:- Yes/No No. of family member involved in NTFP collection.............................................................................. Annual Income from the NTFP collection:- ......................................................................................... XI. Migration Migration by the family to the cities :- Yes/No. If Yes than no of months of migration:- Field Areas covered so far

The field areas covered so far are Mahbubnagar District Tribal Welfare Officer, Agriculture office, Rural Water Supply, District Rural Development Agency, District Water Management Agency, Andhra Pradesh Micro Irrigation Project, Chief Planning Officer 5 habitations, Office of Modified Area Development Approach, Field Assistant of National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme Lingal, appaipally, srirangapur, yerrapenta, malamcheru thanda, Rayaram, Chenampally Irkiched village Gudi thanda Chandapur, Inole, Gumpanpally

Amrabad Mandal

Lingal Mandal

Dharoor Mandal Madgul Mandal Acchampet Mandal

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Observations & Findings

The observation & findings in the special project are: The NREGS is not working properly in most of the habitations due to the corruption and some controversy between the field officer and the local people. The drinking water supply in most of the places is rich in iron content or fluoride content, so the quality of water in most of the places is not suitable for drinking The agriculture seeds & fertilizers used by the farmers are brought in loan from private party at a very high interest rate of 5-6% per month, costing them around 30-36% per whole crop. Most of the agriculture crops are rain fed crops, only 1 crop per year making them unemployed for rest of the time. Most of the people are indulged in migration to the nearby cities i.e Hyderabad for 2-3 months in the summers, as they dont have employment during these months. Alcohol addiction is also a major concern. Lending of agriculture land to others due to the lack of resources and capital. Earnings from cattle are quite low due to the low yielding animals. As the terrain in hilly, there is lot of uncultivated wastelands which are not suitable for cultivation The other employment opportunities apart from agriculture are absent.

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