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Design
The KeraSoft IC has a front surface toric design, with a front optic zone diameter of 8mm. The spherical back surface has tricurve geometry with a large back optic diameter of 12.50mm for the standard 14.50mm diameter lens. A wide range of base curves and diameters are available (see below). The periphery of the lens can be manipulated independently of the base curve. Additionally, if required, the periphery can be altered in one or two sectors only, the size and angles of which can be defined by the practitioner (Sector Management Control). Each lens has a vertical laser mark at the 6 oclock position; a full line indicates the lens is for the right eye and a broken line indicates the left. Additionally, there is a dot (the inversion mark) located to the right of the laser mark (when looking at the lens from the front surface) and this allows the practitioner to ensure the lens is not inside out. Stabilisation is achieved using prism ballast with balanced overall thickness. All Fitting Lenses are prism ballasted to ensure that they fit in the same way as the final powered lens.
Laser Mark
Fitting Set
The fitting set comprises 6 x lenses with a Standard periphery (STD), 1 x lens with a Flat periphery (FLT2) and 1 x lens with a Steep periphery (STP2) and is supplied in 77% high water content hydrogel.
Lathe-cut SiH (Filcon V 3) Water Content Dk Handling Tint Wear Modality Pack Size 74% 60 x 10-11 (cm2/sec)[ml02/(ml x mmHg)] Clear 3 month, daily wear Single lens, 2-pack
UltraVision 77% (Filcon II 2) 77% 53 x 10-11 (cm2/sec)[ml02/(ml x mmHg)] Clear 12 month, daily wear Single lens
1
KeraSoft IC prescription lenses can be supplied in either lathe cut Silicone Hydrogel material or high water content Hydrogel. All Fitting Lenses are supplied in the high water content hydrogel material only. Lenses can be ordered in either material without the need to change parameters or power.
Corneal Shape
To assist corneal shape assessment, it is helpful to look at the corneal profile as this can guide the choice of the first Fitting Lens. To observe the corneal profile, ensure the patient is looking straight ahead, move the eye piece and illumination unit of the slit lamp 90 degrees from the usual straight ahead position, separate the lids and observe the cornea from the side. For conditions that cause irregular cornea, the resultant shape of the cornea is partly determined by the original shape of the cornea before ectasia developed or surgery was performed. Below are some representations of corneal shapes as represented by topographical mapping. It should be noted that a normal cornea is fairly uniform in shape whereas an irregular cornea will demonstrate extremes of steepness and flattening within relatively small areas. Keratoconic and pellucid corneas can also (rarely) demonstrate steep areas other than in the inferior position.
Mild to Moderate Keratoconus with relatively normal corneal shape (Type (1) above) These corneas have reasonably normal characteristics in the mid periphery and can be tted with lenses of base curves in the range 8.40 8.80 STD in the same way as normal corneas. However, mild keratoconus can be deceptive if the peripheral cornea was relatively steep before ectasia developed and may need to be tted as Type (2). Cornea with steep central/inferior area and steep mid-periphery/periphery (Type (2) above) This type of cornea demonstrates steep central K readings and a relatively steep mid peripheral and peripheral curvature, even compared to a normal cornea. The corneal prole appears to have steep sides and this corneal shape is best tted with base curves between 7.80 and 8.00 STD from the Fitting Set. 7.40 and 7.60 base curves are available on request for more advanced cones. Cornea with steep central/inferior area and relatively at mid-periphery/periphery (Type (3) above) The mid periphery in these corneal types tends to be even atter than normal corneas and it is advised to start with Fitting Lenses in the range 8.40 8.60 STD. For nipple cones, the difference between central and mid peripheral areas is even more extreme and suggested rst choice Fitting Lens is 8.20/14.50/FLT2, which has a periphery equivalent to an 8.60 STD Fitting Lens. Low Cone/Pellucid Marginal Degeneration (Type (4) above) Both these corneal types present in a similar way, with relatively normal central K readings and against the rule astigmatism. Corneas tend to be very at superiorly and are signicantly curved in the inferior area. Lenses in the 8.60 8.80 STD range are a good starting point. If all lenses tend to ute inferiorly, try the 8.60/14.50/STP2 Fitting Lens. If this improves the t but causes uctuating vision, an SMC lens with a steep periphery in the inferior portion only may be necessary. For more information, see the section on adjusting the periphery. Reverse Geometry Corneal Shapes (Type (5) above) These corneal types are usually post surgical: post graft and post refractive surgery It is useful to note that although topography machines may record the central area as blue (at) and the periphery as red (steep), in fact the periphery may be quite normal, in terms of curvature. The mapping is simply indicating the relationship between the curvatures of the two areas. It is suggested that such corneas are tted with the 8.60/14.50/STP2 lens from the Fitting Set, as this lens most closely matches the corneal shape. However, if the cornea had a relatively at periphery before surgery, it may be best to begin with an 8.60 8.80 STD periphery lens.
2
Rotation should be minimal with the laser mark as close to the 6 oclock position as possible Lens should be central Lens should be consistently comfortable Visual Acuity should be steady with little uctuation
Assess fit in straight ahead and upwards gaze and assess lag on lateral gaze movements
Movement: Rotation: Straight ahead Gaze Centration: Movement: Rotation: Upward Gaze Centration: Is it limited, optimal or excessive? Is the laser mark vertical or rotated? Is the Rotation relatively stable or erratic? Is the FOZ central or decentred? Is it limited, optimal or excessive? Does the laser mark stay in same position as straight ahead? Is the Rotation relatively stable or erratic? Is FOZ central, dropping to limbus or below limbus?
>3mm 1-3mm 0-1mm
Movement
Rotation
Centration
Does the lens move off the cornea? Lag on right/left Gaze Does the lens lag excessively? Does it remain reasonably central?
Using the above routine and characteristics of tight and flat fits below, it is possible to refine the fit with the Traffic Light fitting system on the next page. As a useful aid, the following tables list typical characteristics of a Tight Fit and a Flat Fit when fitting KeraSoft IC:
Ro
Ro
Co
Co
VA
VA
Procedure
Select and insert a lens using the First Choice Fitting Lens Guide. If in doubt, begin with 8.20/14.50/STD. Assess lens fit within 5 minutes using the Dynamic Assessment Routine outlined on the previous page. If fit is in RED zone, remove lens and then select next Fitting Lens 1 - 2 steps steeper or flatter. If fit is in GREEN or AMBER zone, begin over refraction whilst the lens settles further. If VA is in RED zone, remove and reconsider first lens choice, rechecking corneal profile and topography. If VA is in AMBER zone, determine whether fit is steep or flat, then adjust by 1 step. When an optimal GREEN fit is achieved, allow to settle for 15 - 20 minutes then finalise over-refraction and take note of BVD.
15 - 20 Degrees
Erratic swing on blink - Flat t Limited swing on blink - Tight t
>20 Degrees
Erratic swing on blink - Flat t Limited swing on blink - Tight t
Central Centration
Minimal decentration acceptable if visual acuity is good
General Discomfort
Lens feels edgy - Flat t Discomfort in one location - Tight t
Very Uncomfortable
Comfort does not improve with time
No Fluctuation VA
Visual acuity should not uctuate on blink
Rotation
For an irregular cornea, a significantly rotated lens indicates that the fit is not correct. It is desirable for the laser mark to be as vertical as possible. A lens that is fitting tightly will produce a stable rotation; i.e. it will remain in approximately the same position when the patient looks straight ahead and then looks upward.
4
A lens that is fitting flat will demonstrate rotation that is unstable: i.e. it may change position over time and on upward gaze will swing back towards the vertical in an erratic fashion. For some corneas, there will always be some rotation, whichever lens is fitted, in which case the optimal fit must be determined solely by the other characteristics.
Centration
The FOZ of the KeraSoft IC lens can be used to judge centration and movement. A decentred lens that appears to be fitting well in all other respects will often induce ghosting and patients may report that they have improved acuity if they turn their head. This usually indicates the lens is fitting flat and visual symptoms are caused by the decentred optics. On upwards gaze, if a lens drops so that the FOZ rests on the limbus or falls below it, this indicates a lens is fitting too flat. If the FOZ falls below the limbus, then try a lens 2 steps steeper. If all Fitting Lenses tend to show that the FOZ decentres downwards towards the limbus, this implies marked inferior curvature of the cornea, in which case an SMC design might be the appropriate option to use. Significant lag on lateral gaze movements will confirm a lens is fitting too flat. If the lens moves significantly off the cornea, then try lens 2 steps steeper. For moderate lag, try 1 step steeper.
Comfort
This characteristic is very valuable in assessing fit. A lens that is fitting flat will feel generally edgy in the eye. Optimal and tight fits will both feel comfortable; however, a lens that is fitting tightly will gradually start to feel uncomfortable at the flattest point of the cornea and the patient will be able to indicate this area quite easily. Patients being refitted from uncomfortable RGPs may feel that a KeraSoft IC Fitting Lens is comfortable, even if it is actually fitting too flat. However, they can still differentiate between lenses that are fitting steeper and flatter when given the option.
VA
Visual Acuity with a plano Fitting Lens, and an over refraction in place, is an excellent indicator of fit. This is why it is suggested that over refraction is started as soon as the fit is in the AMBER or GREEN zone. Always ask the patient whether vision is better or worse after the blink. If Visual Acuity is clearer after the blink straight away, reassess the fit on slit lamp as the lens may be too tight. Use other indicators, such as rotation and movement, to assess whether to flatten lens by 1 or 2 steps. If the Visual Acuity is worse after the blink, wait to see if this starts to improve with settling. If it does not, reassess the fit on slit lamp as the lens may be fitting too flat. Use other indicators, such as rotation and centration, to assess whether to flatten lens by 1 or 2 steps. Significant ghosting of letters can indicate that the lens is decentred or that the cyl element is over, or under, corrected. If retinoscopy is difficult, due to corneal distortion, auto-refraction or topography over the lens can be helpful in indicating amount of cyl and its axis.
8.20/14.50/FLT2
This configuration is useful in cases of keratoconus where there is a steep cone that flattens off markedly towards the periphery, such as a Type 3 cornea (see above). For such corneas, standard periphery lenses will give a reasonable fit but fluctuating Visual Acuity and often significant, stable rotation will be present. The 8.20/14.50/FLT2 Fitting Lens will generally give better Visual Acuity. For more advanced cones, it is possible to order steeper base curve Fitting Lenses with a FLT2 periphery.
8.60/14.50/STP2
The STP2 lens is a useful first choice lens for Type 5 corneas (see above) such as post refractive surgery and post graft cases where topography clearly indicates the corneal periphery is significantly steeper than the centre. This design represents a reverse geometry shape, as all normal soft lens designs flatten slightly towards the periphery. The 8.60/14.50/STP2 Fitting Lens will generally give better Visual Acuity than standard periphery lenses. For corneas with significantly flat central areas, it is possible to order flatter base curve Fitting Lenses with a STP2 periphery. For irregular corneas, changing the diameter to try and improve fit can often result in unwanted changes such as air bubbles. Changing the periphery by one step can be used to improve the fit of a near optimal lens. Note that changing the periphery from the standard configuration results in a reduction in the Back Optic Zone
When t is near optimal but VA is clearer Ordering a FLT1 periphery will improve This has a similar effect to changing after the blink and atter Fitting Lenses Visual Acuity without destabilising the to a 14.00 diameter lens on a normal are too mobile, decentre or cause t. cornea. discomfort
It is unusual to require the FLT3 and FLT4 peripheries, as in most cases, improvement to the fit can be obtained by flattening the base curve by 1 STEP whilst maintaining a FLT2 periphery. If this still does not improve fit, contact customer services for advice with topography mapping if available.
If this improves the t and Visual Acuity but either the lens is still too mobile or gives uctuating vision, clearer after the blink, then steeper or atter base curve Fitting Lenses with STP2 periphery can be ordered.
When t is near optimal but VA is worse after the blink and steeper Fitting Ordering a STP1 periphery will improve This has a similar effect to changing Lenses have too little movement and Visual Acuity without destabilising the to a 15.00 diameter lens on a normal give uctuating vision, (clearer after the t. cornea. blink). STP 3 and STP 4 peripheries may be required for post refractive surgery cases where the eye was previously significantly myopic, due to a steep corneal shape, pre surgery. If topography indicates this is the case, then contact UltraVisions Customer Services to obtain specific Fitting Lenses. If manipulating the periphery results in a lens that is still fitting too tight or too flat in one particular location, then the Sector Management Control (SMC) design may be required.
Ordering
To order a KeraSoft IC lens, please use the order forms available on the CD or in paper form from UltraVision. Alternatively, contact Customer Services with the following information:
Over Refraction BVD of all lenses (including all cyl lenses) Laser mark rotation and direction
If you wish to order powered lenses directly, ensure all rotation and BVD (Back Vertex Distance) are accounted for. Note: A laser mark rotated more than 20 degrees may indicate that the fit is not optimal and we may ask you to look again at the fit before ordering. If the periphery is not specified in the order, it will be assumed that a STD periphery is required. Examples of typical orders would be: R: K IC / 8.20/14.50/-6.00/-4.50 x 35 / STD / laser mark 10 CW / 77% Hydrogel (use notation CW Clockwise; ANTI anti-clockwise) L: K IC / 8.80/15.00/ Plano/-5.00 x 110 / STP3 / laser mark vertical / SiH From this information, a lens with fitting/exchange warranty can be issued.
Exchanges
If an exchange lens is required, perform a fitting assessment on the current lens, using the Dynamic Assessment Routine. Note the MOROCCO characteristics: Movement, Rotation, Centration Comfort and Visual Acuity (after blink) on straight ahead and upward gaze. Also measure any over correction as accurately as possible and supply BVD. Contact UltraVisions Customer Services with this information and the original order number.
I N N O V AT I O N I N P R A C T I C E
Record No. 279 Issue 3 21.01.11
ULTRAVISION INTERNATIONAL LIMITED, COMMERCE WAY, LEIGHTON BUZZARD, BEDFORDSHIRE, LU7 4RW, UNITED KINGDOM Tel: +44 (0)1525 381112 Fax: +44 (0)1525 370091 UK Order Line: 0800 585115 (Freephone) 7 Email: orders@ultravision.co.uk Web: www.kerasoft.co.uk